SUMMARY An upper Ludlow graptoloid fauna of seven taxa from the Barnby Hills Shale, New South Wales, is associated with a diverse dendroid fauna of 20 taxa, in assemblages dominated by graptolites with rare scolecodonts. An association of late forms of Bohemograptus bohemicus tenuis (Bouček) with Egregiograptus egregius byrnesianum gen. et subsp. nov. suggests a level of approximately the inexpectatus/kozlowskii biozones. The following additional new forms are described: Dictyonema sherrardae mumbilensis subsp. nov., D. goepperti krafti subsp. nov., D. delicatulum barnbyensis subsp. nov., Stelechocladia talenti sp. nov., S. struszi sp. nov., Acanthograptus aculeatus neureaensis subsp. nov., Thallograptus acanthicus vandenbergi subsp. nov., T. cooperi sp. nov., Coremagraptus kalfusi praekalfusi subsp. nov., Ptilograptus discurrens sherrardae subsp. nov., Linograptus posthumus introvertus subsp. nov., and Prolinograptus packhami gen. et sp. nov. The following are recorded from Australia for the first time: D. goepperti Kraft; Callograptus? pulchellus Shrock (subspp. 1 and 2) Desmograptus quebecensis Ruedemann, Stelechocladia Bouček, Coremagraptus plexus (Počta), Coremagraptus kalfusi Bouček and E. egregius Urbanek. In addition are several forms attributable to Dictyonema, Dendrograptus, Linograptus and Pristiograptus. It is suggested that there are several possible evolutionary origins for Egregiograptus, the most likely being from a Ludlow species of Neolobograptus. Acanthograptus aculeatus neureaensis subsp. nov. is regarded as an evolutionary derivative of A. a. aculeatus (Počta); Coremagraptus kalfusi praekalfusi subsp. nov. as an ancestor of C. k. kalfusi; Thallograptus acanthicus vandenbergi subsp. nov. to have evolved from T. a. acanthicus Bouček; and Dictyonema sherrardae mumbilensis subsp. nov. from D. s. sherrardae Rickards et al.