Graphics Technology Research Articles

Application of graphic image processing technology in 2D game interface design

Abstract This paper uses big data information processing techniques for the underlying algorithm of interface interaction, calculates the number of game interface data points, and satisfies the hierarchical feature distribution of interface interaction. Using cross-compilation for information clustering, identifying fuzzy clustering central function feature classification, describing the underlying data statistical independent variables, and extracting graphical local feature information. Balancing constraint encoding and dictionary coefficient weighting parameters, processing edge feature images, and matching grayscale transformed image effects are conveyed. The results show that the image graphics technology has an accuracy rate of 87.25% for image recognition, the user satisfaction rate for the 2D game design interface is 78.60%, and users aged 30-40 are the largest group of game consumers. It indicates that graphic image processing technology can collect and obtain relevant information and data, thus providing important technical support for the development of the social game industry and promoting the deepening development of an information society.

Research on The Application of Mind Mapping in Indonesian-Chinese Character Teaching Review Lesson: A Case Study of The Department of Chinese Language and Culture Universitas Sebelas Maret 心智导图在印尼汉字教学复习课中的应用研究——以 三一一大学中文系为例

<p>In order to probe the application of mind mapping in the Indonesian Chinese character teaching review lesson, the author attempts to use mind mapping to promote the development of student's writing skills in the Chinese character teaching review lesson. The research object of this article is a junior class student in the Department of Chinese Language and Culture of Universitas Sebelas Maret (first semester, newly exposed to Chinese) 180 mind maps were collected from 90 students and drawn. The analysis results of the observation method, action method, and questionnaire survey method indicate that Chinese character mind mapping is helpful in improving Indonesian students' ability to master Chinese characters and improve their quality and interest in Chinese character learning during the review lesson. When using mind mapping, teachers should try to highlight their strengths and avoid weaknesses. With the popularization of computers and the rapid development of graphic technology, the application of mind maps in Chinese character teaching as a foreign language will gradually be recognized, indicating that the development prospects of mind maps are bright. </p><p align="center"> </p><p><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p>

Dunhuang Dreamscape: A Study and Exploration of Dunhuang Art in Modern Interior Design based on Virtual Reality Technology

In the context of the national initiative of the "Belt and Road" policy and the vigorous promotion of cultural soft power, interior design products infused with cultural creativity have emerged as significant carriers of cultural development and heritage. This paper explores the innovative application of virtual reality technology in the field of interior design, with a special focus on the integration of Dunhuang elements in design practices. By combining virtual reality technology with Dunhuang art, a novel paradigm for interior design is proposed, blending ancient murals, patterns, and colors with modern computer graphics technology, infusing spaces with a unique historical charm and cultural significance. From the perspectives of virtual reality technology, inheritance of Dunhuang artistic elements, Dunhuang-style spatial design based on virtual reality, user experience, and emotional resonance, this paper delves into an in-depth exploration. Its aim is to expand innovative paths within interior design, while simultaneously providing new ideas and methods for cultural heritage and spatial perception domains.

Data Generation Using Simulation Technology to Improve Perception Mechanism of Autonomous Vehicles

Recent advancements in computer graphics technology allow more realistic rendering of car driving environments. They have enabled self-driving car simulators such as DeepGTA-V and CARLA (Car Learning to Act) to generate large amounts of synthetic data that can complement the existing real-world dataset in training autonomous car perception. Furthermore, since self-driving car simulators allow full control of the environments, they can generate dangerous driving scenarios that the real-world dataset lacks such as bad weather and accident scenarios. In this paper, we will demonstrate the effectiveness of combining data gathered from the real-world with data generated in simulated world to train perception system on object detection and localization task. We will also propose a multi-level deep learning perception framework that aims to emulate a human learning experience in which series of tasks from simple to more difficult ones are learnt in a certain domain. The autonomous car perceptron can learn from easy-to-drive scenarios to more challenging ones customized by simulation software.

Comparison of 2D and 3D Finite Element Analysis of RC Blocks Culvert Based on Soil-Structure Interaction Using GTS

This paper presents a comparison of soil-structure interaction based on 2D and 3D finite element analyses of ‘Reinforced Concrete Box Culvert’ by using the software GTS (Geotechnical and Tunnel Analysis System). For buried Structures like Box Culvert, the soil below the structure is to be simulated by elastic spring while surrounding and overlying soil by superimposed load combinations. GTS is the most advanced software, presenting a new paradigm for Box Culvert and other specific geotechnical structures. It is based on expert analysis and advanced graphic technologies. GTS enables engineers to intuitively generate complex geotechnical models. Such modeling capabilities are armed with strong analytic features, powered by a uniquely developed multi-frontal solver with the fastest analysis speed. The difference in values of forces and moments, between 3D FEA and 2D FEA, has been found to be more in large sections (10ft x 10ft) than in small sections (5ft x 5ft) of Box Culverts.

Automatic temporal clothing deformation prediction: applicable to variable shape and motion

Simulating temporal three-dimensional (3D) deformations of clothing worn by the human body is a core technology in computer graphics that plays a vital role in various fields, such as computer games, animation, and movies. Physics-based simulation and data-driven methods are two mainstream technologies used to generate clothing deformation. However, when it is necessary to quickly generate clothing animations of different body shapes and motions, the existing methods cannot balance efficiency and effectiveness. In this paper, we present a learning-based method, given human body shape and motion, which automatically synthesizes temporal 3D deformations of clothing in real-time. A temporal framework based on the transformer is designed to capture the correlation between clothing deformation and shape features of the moving human body, as well as the frame-level dependency. A feature fusion strategy is an innovation used to fuse the two features of shape and motion. We also perform post-processing on the penetration of clothing and the human body, generating collision-free cloth deformation sequences. To evaluate the method, we build a human motion dataset based on the large-scale public human body dataset AMASS, and further develop a clothing deformation dataset. We qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrate that our approach outperforms existing methods in terms of temporal clothing deformation with variable shape and motion, as well as producing realistic deformation at interactive rates.

High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in the Right Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Lengthens Sustained Attention in Virtual Reality.

Due to the current limitations of three-dimensional (3D) simulation graphics technology, mind wandering commonly occurs in virtual reality tasks, which has impeded it being applied more extensively. The right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (rVLPFC) plays a vital role in executing continuous two-dimensional (2D) mental paradigms, and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over this cortical region has been shown to successfully modulate sustained 2D attention. Accordingly, we further explored the effects of electrical activation of the rVLPFC on 3D attentional tasks using anodal high-definition (HD)-tDCS. A 3D Go/No-go (GNG) task was developed to compare the after effects of real and sham brain stimulation. Specifically, GNG tasks were periodically interrupted to assess the subjective perception of attentional level, behavioral reactions were tracked and decomposed into an underlying decision cognition process, and electroencephalography data were recorded to calculate event-related potentials (ERPs) in rVLPFC. The p-values statistically indicated that HD-tDCS improved the subjective mentality, led to more cautious decisions, and enhanced neuronal discharging in rVLPFC. Additionally, the neurophysiological P300 ERP component and stimulation being active or sham could effectively predict several objective outcomes. These findings indicate that the comprehensive approach including brain stimulation, 3D mental paradigm, and cross-examined performance could significantly lengthen and robustly compare sustained 3D attention.

A method of path loss prediction based on computer graphics technologies

In this letter, a method for path loss prediction in outdoor urban environments based on computer graphics technologies is presented. Each wall of buildings in an evaluation area is assigned to a different RGB color. We create two types of color images that are viewed from a transmission point (Tx) and receiving points (Rxs). By analyzing and comparing the colors of these images, the visible colors existed in both images corresponding to the single scattering walls are detected all at once. The numbers of pixels of the visible colors are used to calculate received powers of the single scattering waves. The average and RMSE of difference between predicted path loss results and measurement results are small with -0.5 dB and 7.6 dB, respectively. The computation time is extremely short.

Meaningful Place: A Phenomenological Approach to the Design of Spatial Experience in Open-world Games

With the development of game engines and graphics technology, open-world games have gained popularity all over the world recently. One of the key features of this genre is a realistic open world space for the players to explore, to the extent that some even deemed it as the prototype of virtual world and the Metaverse. However, in comparison with the growing world size, the player's spatial experience is a downward spiral. Interaction in an ever-increasing game space suffered from a repetitive design pattern which rendered the world grandeur on the surface but hollow deep down. How to find meaning in this seemingly hollow world and what game designers can learn from it? From a phenomenological perspective, this paper distinguishes “place” from “space,” and, according to this, proposes a three-dimensional meaning structure of place, that is “orientation-identification-time,” as a design approach to reconstruct a meaningful spatial experience in the game world.

Use of real-time graphics in health education: A systematic review

Introduction: Using real-time graphics in health education is particularly relevant in technical skill development and knowledge acquisition in surgery, emergency medicine, and nursing.
 Objective: To systematize the literature on using real-time graphics in health education.
 Methods: A systematic review was conducted in the databases: PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and ERIC.
 Results: The impact of real-time graphics use, including virtual reality (VR), in health education was examined, covering disciplines such as medicine, nursing, and other related professions. The findings of the selected studies for this review and existing literature suggest that implementing real-time graphics technologies in health education can significantly improve learning and the acquisition of clinical skills compared to traditional approaches.
 Conclusions: Virtual reality was found to be particularly effective in training technical skills and surgical procedures and improving the quality of teaching in various disciplines. These findings support experiential learning theory and the idea that repeated practice and immediate feedback in a safe and controlled environment are essential for skill acquisition.

PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE DEVELOPMENT OF FUTURE FINE ARTS TEACHERS BASED ON GRAPHIC TECHNOLOGIES

This article describes the content and essence of developing the professional competence of future visual arts teachers based on graphic technologies

P‐2.16: Research on three‐dimensional reconstruction based on VTK

Three‐dimensional reconstruction of medical tomographic images is a technological way to provides a 3D model of biological tissue. As it not only provides a 3D model, but also shows the spatial location of this model, it received widespread attention. By human‐computer interaction, doctors can easily conduct disease analysis and surgical planning.This paper introduces a novel three‐dimensional reconstruction technology of magnetic resonance images, which deals with the brightness, contrast adjustment, and three‐dimensional reconstruction of Dicom images. This paper uses the Visualization Toolkit VTK to implement Dicom 3D image reconstruction. VTK has a large number of callable functions built in and encapsulates some common visualization algorithms. When visualizing medical data, VTK can directly call the related functions. VTK three‐dimensional reconstruction can help people intuitively see the contents of a 3D image. Displaying two‐ dimensional images is easy, but displaying 3D images is not. Previously, because of the limited technical means, even if the data of the 3D image is obtained, it can only be displayed as a slice of the 2D image, which is not intuitive. With the development of computer science and technology, the use of computer graphics technology to model and render 3D objects in real‐time has become the mainstream method of object display, while the past two‐dimensional display method has been gradually phased out.To describe the process of 3D modeling more accurately and intuitively, this paper focuses on a reconstruction technique, polygon drawing. Polygon drawing uses segmentation technology to perform contour recognition, extraction, and other operations on a series of two‐dimensional images, and ultimately restores the three‐dimensional model of the detected object and displays it as a surface.First, the original data is a discrete three‐dimensional spatial rule data field. The images generated by CT and MRI of tomography scanners belong to this data type, that is, the DICOM type image used in this paper. Second, the boundary between the content part and the background part in the three‐dimensional image is found in the unit of volume, and triangles are extracted to fit the boundary. Then, all the voxels are traversed to find out which triangles are finally assembled to form a triangular mesh of the surface of the real point in the image. Finally, a triangle mesh model is built to render the model, and the rendered model is put into the window to interact with users.

Research on VR equipment based on VR technology

Virtual reality technology, also known as virtual reality or psychic technology, is a new practical technology developed in the 20th century. Virtual reality technology includes computer, electronic information, simulation technology, its basic realization is based on computer technology, the use and integration of three-dimensional graphics technology, multimedia technology, simulation technology, display technology, servo technology and other high-tech latest development achievements, With the help of computer and other equipment to produce a realistic three-dimensional vision, touch, smell and other sensory experience of the virtual world, so that people in the virtual world have a sense of being in the scene. With the continuous development of social productivity and science and technology, the demand for VR technology is increasingly strong in all walks of life. VR technology has also made great progress and gradually become a new field of science and technology.

Policy support for the promotion of the CG industry in Korea – focusing on evaluation of importance and priority

ABSTRACT As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, online-based business models are growing rapidly, and the demand for computer graphic (CG) technology is increasing. To boost the invigoration of the CG industry through effective support, it is necessary to understand the factors to be considered in the domestic CG industry. Accordingly, this study developed evaluation indicators to be considered for the invigoration of this industry and weighed them using AHP analysis. Specifically, a draft was created based on literature review and expert consultation, and the indicators were determined using the two-time Delphi method. The three evaluation areas of research and development, cultivation of talented people, and fostering the industry include a total of 15 evaluation indicators. The AHP results showed that ‘fostering the industry’ was the most important one among the main factors, and ‘fostering converged and combined workforce’ was the most important one among the detailed factors. The content and results of this study are expected to be used as basic data to preferentially refer to when planning and supporting policies for the invigoration of the CG industry are established with the industry, academia, and research collaboration.

Matching data detection for the integration system

<span lang="EN-US">The purpose of data integration is to integrate the multiple sources of heterogeneous data available on the internet, such as text, image, and video. After this stage, the data becomes large. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the data that can be used for the efficient execution of the query. However, we have problems with solving entities, so it is necessary to use different techniques to analyze and verify the data quality in order to obtain good data management. Then, when we have a single database, we call this mechanism deduplication. To solve the problems above, we propose in this article a method to calculate the similarity between the potential duplicate data. This solution is based on graphics technology to narrow the search field for similar features. Then, a composite mechanism is used to locate the most similar records in our database to improve the quality of the data to make good decisions from heterogeneous sources.</span>

Применение технологий компьютерной графики для визуализации легких

Currently, the field of application of computer graphics is becomingwider. Over the past half century, the computer graphics technology has come a long way from a nascent field to a technology without which not a single area in the modern world can do. The rapid spread has led to research aimed at improving the process ofcreating graphic images. Computer graphics found application in medicine in three-dimensional visualization of computed tomography in the middle of the second half of the twentieth century. Since then, it has become an important part of almost every aspect of the field, from teaching anatomy to helping with diagnosis. However, the specificity of this area and a number of requirements that it imposes have led to the fact that the number of technologies and computer graphics methods used is limited. But despite the limited scope of application, there are still a large number of different implementations of methods used in medicine. Therefore, when developing a new application in the medical field that requires an imaging module, software developers have difficulty choosing the most prefera-ble method to implement. This article analyzes the possibilities of using computer graphics technologies in the field of medicine using the example of lung imaging in the conditions of limited data. Also, based on the analysis, a classification of visualization methods is given and the most preferred methods for a particular technology are justified

A Fast and Generalized Broad-Phase Collision Detection Method Based on KD-Tree Spatial Subdivision and Sweep-and-Prune

Various graphics applications use multibody collision detection, a critical technology in computer graphics, system simulations, and virtual reality. In these simulation environments, broad-phase collision detection, as part of collision detection, plays a critical role in ensuring that rejecting disjoint objects and collision detection is accelerated. Few existing methods implement collision detection of millions of objects in a general-purpose environment on the CPU. This paper proposes a broad-phase collision detection algorithm based on KD-Tree spatial subdivision and sweep-and-prune, which optimizes and accelerates broad-phase collision detection using a pre-sorting and temporal inference solution. Our method enables broad-phase collision detection for coherent and non-coherent settings for uniformly and non-uniformly sized objects respectively. Based on our proposed solution is tested in the context of complex scenarios and compared with other solutions available in the literature and in the industry. The experimental results show that our approach has a 1X to 2X performance improvement in virtual environments with up to <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1024 \times 10^{3}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> objects, reaching the fastest collision detection speed of 119.45 milliseconds per frame in the test environment.

ГРАФІЧНІ КОМП’ЮТЕРНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ НЕХАОТИЧНИХ МЕХАНІЧНИХ СИСТЕМ

&nbsp; The application of technology for designing mechanical systems, which are based on elements of computer graphics, is considered. The work develops the themes of works where graphic computer technologies were used to study pendulum mechanical systems. Those. calculating the parameters of a mechanical system so that its pendulum oscillations become periodic (non-chaotic). For the development of research, it is necessary to apply computer graphic design technologies to other mechanical systems in order to provide their movements with technological not chaotic due to the selection of acceptable parameter values. The work uses the Lagrange method for conservative dynamical systems. To determine the approximate solution of the system of Lagrange equations of the second kind, it is necessary to coordinate the allowable values ​​of the system parameters with each other using the projection focusing method. These stages are carried out by graphical constructions in the environment of the maple package. Problems are solved as examples of the application of graphic technologies. 1. To develop options for ensuring the horizontal movement of the trolley due to non-chaotic oscillations of the pendulums associated with this trolley. Namely: a) two pendulums (on opposite sides of the cart); b) two pendulums under the cart; c) one spring pendulum under the cart. 2. Develop a method for calculating vehicle vibrations using the following example: a) railway car vibrations; b) oscillation of a trailer for the transport of dangerous goods. 3. Develop a method for determining the trajectory of the payload of a trebuchet machine for options: a) as a catapult for launching unmanned vehicles; b) as trebuchet with vertical movement of the counterweight. Keywords: computer graphics, Lagrange equation of the second kind, projection focusing method, trebuchet machine.

Proximity Queries on Terrain Surface

Due to the advance of the geo-spatial positioning and the computer graphics technology, digital terrain data has become increasingly popular nowadays. Query processing on terrain data has attracted considerable attention from both the academic and the industry communities. Proximity queries such as the shortest path/distance query, k nearest/farthest neighbor query, and top- k closest/farthest pairs query are fundamental and important queries in the context of the terrain surfaces, and they have a lot of applications in Geographical Information System, 3D object feature vector construction, and 3D object data mining. In this article, we first study the most fundamental type of query, namely, shortest distance and path query, which is to find the shortest distance and path between two points of interest on the surface of the terrain. As observed by existing studies, computing the exact shortest distance/path is very expensive. Some existing studies proposed ϵ -approximate distance and path oracles, where ϵ is a non-negative real-valued error parameter. However, the best-known algorithm has a large oracle construction time, a large oracle size, and a large query time. Motivated by this, we propose a novel ϵ -approximate distance and path oracle called the S pace E fficient distance and path oracle (SE), which has a small oracle construction time, a small oracle size, and a small distance and path query time, thanks to its compactness of storing concise information about pairwise distances between any two points-of-interest. Then, we propose several algorithms for the k nearest/farthest neighbor and top- k closest/farthest pairs queries with the assistance of our distance and path oracle SE . Our experimental results show that the oracle construction time, the oracle size, and the distance and path query time of SE are up to two, three, and five orders of magnitude faster than the best-known algorithm, respectively. Besides, our algorithms for other proximity queries including k nearest/farthest neighbor queries and top- k closest/farthest pairs queries significantly outperform the state-of-the-art algorithms by up to two orders of magnitude.

Preparation of 3D Models of Cultural Heritage Objects to Be Recognised by Touch by the Blind—Case Studies

Providing access to and the protection of cultural goods—intangible and tangible heritage—is carried out primarily by institutions such as museums, galleries or local cultural centres where temporary exhibitions are shown. The international community also attempts to protect architectural objects or entire urban layouts, raising their status by inscribing them on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Contemporary museums, however, are not properly prepared to make museum exhibits available to the blind and visually impaired, which is confirmed by both the literature studies on the subject and the occasional solutions that are put in place. The development of various computer graphics technologies allows for the digitisation of cultural heritage objects by 3D scanning. Such a record, after processing, can be used to create virtual museums accessible via computer networks, as well as to make copies of objects by 3D printing. This article presents an example of the use of scanning, modelling and 3D printing to prepare prototypes of copies of museum objects from the Silk Road area, dedicated to blind people and to be recognised by touch. The surface of an object has information about it written in Braille before the copy-making process is initiated. The results of the pilot studies carried out on a group of people with simulated visual impairment and on a person who is blind from birth indicate that 3D models printed on 3D replicators with the fused filament fabrication technology are useful for sharing cultural heritage objects. The models are light—thanks to which they can be freely manipulated, as well as having the appropriate smoothness—which enables the recognition of decorative details present on them, as well as reading texts in Braille. Integrating a copy of an exhibit with a description about it in Braille into one 3D object is an innovative solution that should contribute to a better access to cultural goods for the blind.