Graphical Programming Research Articles

Empowering the Future: How Teaching Graphic Design Programs Can Secure Job Opportunities for Children with Autism in Saudi Arabia

Education is a crucial factor in everyone’s growth. Everything from tiny organisms up to the mightiest creatures utilizes the powerful benefits of learning. As such, people can devote their whole lives to learning about diverse topics endlessly, encompassing both academic subjects and practical knowledge gained from everyday experiences. This study highlights the advantages of teaching graphic design software to children with general autism. It can also help teachers and parents explore new methods of teaching vital things to those with certain disabilities. This method of applying design program in teaching autism children can be explored by schools and implemented in a special class, or even in a regular curriculum specifically for those with unique needs. It can also be useful for those without special needs, as it promotes a more active and creative learning environment for all children. This research conducted qualitative research through interviews with 10 special needs teachers within schools in Taif City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), along with 10 parents of children with autism. Recently, KSA educational institutions have attempted to further understand those with autism and explore opportunities to make their lives easier in terms of education. This study focuses on enhancing opportunities for children with autism by highlighting their own abilities, preferences, and interests in graphic design programs. It also helps to further shape future development plans and policies to support autistic children more effectively.

The Importance of Using Graphic Programs in The Formation of Visual Arts Skills of General Education School Students

The second stage of the national personnel training program will be completed in New Uzbekistan. During the past period, new State educational standards were developed and approved for general secondary, specialized secondary, vocational and higher education types. The issue of educating people who are loyal to the idea of national independence, who have sufficient intellectual potential, who can think independently and think based on the modern achievements of science, as well as the training of competitive, highly qualified personnel, requires the creation of new methods of acquiring knowledge.

Iris: A Next Generation Digital Pathology Rendering Engine.

Digital pathology is a tool of rapidly evolving importance within the discipline of pathology. Whole slide imaging promises numerous advantages; however, adoption is limited by challenges in ease of use and speed of high-quality image rendering relative to the simplicity and visual quality of glass slides. Herein, we introduce Iris, a new high-performance digital pathology rendering system. Specifically, we outline and detail the performance metrics of Iris Core, the core rendering engine technology. Iris Core comprises machine code modules written from the ground up in C++ and using Vulkan, a low-level and low-overhead cross-platform graphical processing unit application program interface, and our novel rapid tile buffering algorithms. We provide a detailed explanation of Iris Core's system architecture, including the stateless isolation of core processes, interprocess communication paradigms, and explicit synchronization paradigms that provide powerful control over the graphical processing unit. Iris Core achieves slide rendering at the sustained maximum frame rate on all tested platforms (120 FPS) and buffers an entire new slide field of view, without overlapping pixels, in 10 ms with enhanced detail in 30 ms. Further, it is able to buffer and compute high-fidelity reduction-enhancements for viewing low-power cytology with increased visual quality at a rate of 100-160 μs per slide tile, and with a cumulative median buffering rate of 1.36 GB of decompressed image data per second. This buffering rate allows for an entirely new field of view to be fully buffered and rendered in less than a single monitor refresh on a standard display, and high detail features within 2-3 monitor refresh frames. These metrics far exceed previously published specifications, beyond an order of magnitude in some contexts. The system shows no slowing with high use loads, but rather increases performance due to graphical processing unit cache control mechanisms and is "future-proof" due to near unlimited parallel scalability.

The Use of Graphic Programs in the Educational Process of Technical Subjects at Secondary Schools and Universities

In the era of digital transformation in education, graphic programs are becoming an indispensable tool in the educational process of technical subjects at secondary schools and universities. Their use extends beyond innovative methods of knowledge transfer and positively influences the development of students' cognitive abilities, such as spatial imagination, analytical thinking, and problem-solving. Moreover, mastering graphic programs prepares students for the demands of the current labour market in fields such as engineering, architecture, and design. This study analyses the use of graphic programs in the education process of technical subjects at secondary and higher education institutions, focusing on their specifics in the context of each educational level.

The influence of mind mapping on computational thinking skills and self-efficacy in students’ learning of graphical programming

Computational thinking is regarded as an essential skill for students in the 21st century, and programming is one of the means to cultivate it. This study introduces mind mapping into graphical programming to visualize the cognitive process of computational thinking, aiming to enhance students’ computational thinking skills. After a semester of teaching experiments, independent-sample t-tests and paired-sample t-tests were conducted on the data, revealing significant improvements in both computational thinking skills and self-efficacy among the students in the experimental group. Further analysis of the data showed significant enhancements in their algorithmic thinking and modeling, as well as pattern recognition and evaluation sub-skills, while abstraction and decomposition sub-skills did not show significant improvement. Additionally, the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements to varying degrees in five dimensions of computational thinking self-efficacy: creativity, algorithmic thinking, collaboration skills, critical thinking, and problem-solving abilities.

Воєнна пропаганда – агітаційні карикатури в пресі: історія та сучасність

Creators of propaganda utilize all available tools and technological advancements at their disposal. One such tool is visual communication. Many studies on visual propaganda focus on cinema and animated films, but it is also important to closely examine the development of wartime cartoons. Alongside war posters, they represent one of the earliest forms of visualizing war propaganda. The purpose of the article is to analyze and characterize propaganda cartoons using examples from history and the present as a form of war propaganda and an element of hybrid warfare tactics. Cartoons emerged with the development of print media and continue to exist in both paper and digital forms. Cartoons are a form of political commentary, but they can also serve as a tool for propaganda. With the advancement of technologies and the Internet, memes have also become part of this form of communication. This article analyzes the significance of various types of visual communication, specifically the graphic form of communication – illustrations, graphics in the press, caricatures, and Internet memes. It summarizes the milestones in the development of visual communication forms, from cave paintings to graphic images on the Internet. The most recent publications exploring the growing influence of visual mass media in contemporary society are also mentioned. Wartime cartoons are examined as a form of propaganda, with examples from history and the present. The article analyzes the images, plots, and characters of political caricatures and memes, highlighting the increasing use of graphic design programs for creating digital graphics. The focus is on historical examples from World War I and World War II, Russia’s aggression against Ukraine in 2014, and Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022. The role of memes, as a phenomenon of contemporary popular culture, is also discussed. Cartoons and memes are considered as an element of hybrid warfare tactics. The conclusions emphasize that with the advancement of technology, the graphic form of communication has evolved into a powerful tool for war propaganda, and that cartoons and memes on military subjects are a crucial component of hybrid warfare, a highly effective means of influencing the morale of the recipient. Keywords: propaganda, caricatures, memes, press, war.

Analysis and Prediction of Temperature Using an Artificial Neural Network Model for Milling Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites.

Milling parts made from glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composite materials are recommended to achieve the geometric shapes and dimensional tolerances required for large parts manufactured using the spray lay-up technique. The quality of the surfaces machined by milling is significantly influenced by the temperature generated in the cutting zone. This study aims to develop an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model to predict the temperature generated when milling GFRP. The ANN model for temperature prediction was created using a virtual instrument developed in the graphical programming language LabVIEW. Predicting temperature is crucial because excessive heat during milling can lead to several issues, such as tool wear and thermal degradation in the polymer matrix. The temperature in the tool-workpiece contact surface during the milling process was measured using a thermography technique with a ThermaCAM SC 640 camera (provided by FLIR Systems AB, Danderyd, Sweden), and the data were analyzed using the ThermaCAM Researcher Professional 2.8 SR-2 software. Experimental research shows that the cutting speed has a much more significant effect on the temperature in the cutting zone compared to axial depth of cut and feed speed. The maximum temperature of 85.19 °C was measured in the tool-workpiece contact zone during machining at a cutting speed of 75.39 m/min, a feed rate of 250 mm/min, and an axial depth of cut of 12 mm. This temperature rise occurred due to the larger contact area and heightened friction resulting from the abrasive characteristics of the reinforcement material.

Saving energy resources during operation of rolling stock of underground electrified transport

Purpose. To analyze the energy saving reserves under the conditions of implementation and integration of the system in order to find rational driving modes in the general system of managing underground electrified transport. Methodology. The work presents the method for processing data arrays obtained experimentally with the help of a measuring system and theoretically with the use of the “Rational Trajectory” software. Findings. Experimental studies were carried out using a testing system created on the basis of a refurbished train with energy recovery system. Theoretical studies were carried out using the “Rational Trajectory” software, which is based on the principle of solving a multi-criteria problem by the method of the main criterion. The minimum amount of electricity consumption from the overhead contact line was chosen as the main criterion. The software was developed in the LabVIEW graphical programming environment in order to determine the rational modes of driving rolling stock and energy indicators in a given area of its operation. The amount of electricity consumed for traction and the amount of electricity generated by the train during regenerative braking were determined based on the results of experimental and theoretical studies, respectively, under typical and rational modes of driving the train for given identical operating conditions. Originality. Further research on the analysis of energy saving reserves on the rolling stock of underground electrified transport was achieved due to the introduction of a system for finding a rational driving mode. Practical value. It has been established that the implementation and incorporation of the “Rational Trajectory” software into the train control system will save up to 14.7 % of the amount of electricity consumed for traction, compared to typical modes operation on a given track section.

Artificial Intelligence Detection of Cervical Spine Fractures Using Convolutional Neural Network Models.

To develop and evaluate a technique using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for the computer-assisted diagnosis of cervical spine fractures from radiographic x-ray images. By leveraging deep learning techniques, the study might potentially lead to improved patient outcomes and clinical decision-making. This study obtained 500 lateral radiographic cervical spine x-ray images from standard open-source dataset repositories to develop a classification model using CNNs. All the images contained diagnostic information, including normal cervical radiographic images (n=250) and fracture images of the cervical spine fracture (n=250). The model would classify whether the patient had a cervical spine fracture or not. Seventy percent of the images were training data sets used for model training, and 30% were for testing. Konstanz Information Miner (KNIME)'s graphic user interface-based programming enabled class label annotation, data preprocessing, CNNs model training, and performance evaluation. The performance evaluation of a model for detecting cervical spine fractures presents compelling results across various metrics. This model exhibits high sensitivity (recall) values of 0.886 for fractures and 0.957 for normal cases, indicating its proficiency in identifying true positives. Precision values of 0.954 for fractures and 0.893 for normal cases highlight the model's ability to minimize false positives. With specificity values of 0.957 for fractures and 0.886 for normal cases, the model effectively identifies true negatives. The overall accuracy of 92.14% highlights its reliability in correctly classifying cases by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. We successfully used deep learning models for computer-assisted diagnosis of cervical spine fractures from radiographic x-ray images. This approach can assist the radiologist in screening, detecting, and diagnosing cervical spine fractures.

Linear Programming and Product Mix of Paint Manufacturing Firms in Port Harcourt

This study examined the relationship between linear programming and product mix of paint manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt. This study adopted a correlational survey research design. The population of the study was 10 selected paint manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt as retrieved from Nigerian business directory (2024). 3 managers were selected from each firm multiplied by 10 firms gives us a total of 30 respondents. Structured questionnaire was used in data collection. The result of the Cronbach's Alpha reliability test indicates .804 which is above .70 which implies that the items are reliable. Pearson product moment correlation was used to test the hypotheses using SPSS (statistical package social sciences). The study revealed that there is a significant relationship between Ellipsoid Linear Programming and Product Mix of paint manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt. There is a significant relationship between Graphical method Linear Programming and Product Mix of paint manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt. There is a significant relationship between Simplex Linear Programming and Product Mix of paint manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt. In conclusion, Linear programming is a powerful mathematical tool that can be effectively utilized by paint manufacturing firms in Port Harcourt to optimize their product mix and maximize profits. The paint manufacturing firms should conduct a thorough analysis of market demand for different types of paint products to identify profitable opportunities for product mix optimization.

Bridging the Employability Gap: The Vital Soft Skills Needed by HND Graphic Design Graduates in the 21st Century Workforce

Basically, competencies have been a significant matter that affects the growth of economies. From the perspective of the industry, the skills gap has been identified as a lack of the right skills among graduates. This multiple case study adopts the evaluative research to investigate the level of soft skills inherent in the Higher National Diploma (HND) in Graphic Design Programme (GDP) at Takoradi Technical University (TTU). Adopting the interpretive approach, it translated the social perspectives of 30 key stakeholders of the HND GDP gathered through purposive and snowball sampling methods using face-to-face and focus group interaction from Sekondi-Takoradi, Kumasi, Accra and Tema to establish the applicability of the curriculum to the world of work. Utilizing the Career EDGE model by Dacre-Pool and Sewell as a theoretical lens for analysing the data, the result reveals that some key skills are absent in the CAPGD curriculum, thus presenting graduates ill-equipped for the world of work.

Development of PID Control Trainer on Integrated Electrical Physics Systems Graphic Programming Applications

Increased competencies in control systems are essential for the future of higher education in this field. Polytechnic Manufacturing Bandung aims to enhance the educational process by integrating theory and practice in automation and mechatronics, as reflected in their project-based learning curriculum. Previously, they created a trainer model for control systems that could only be read analogously with an oscilloscope, which was deemed insufficient for implementing control theory. Therefore, a physical trainer for electrical systems with an interface display and integrated PID controls is needed. Fifteen students evaluated this trainer using the Likert scale based on the EMPI approach, resulting in an average interface presentation score of 83.2%. This indicates that the physical trainer with PID controls and a graphical programming interface effectively represents control theory and supports the learning process.

Gamemasters of the Playground

In this work, we explore how programmable playground artefacts can affect social dynamics and power structures in an outdoor play setting. A set of re-programmable artefacts and a graphical programming interface were designed and developed for the study. Twenty children were invited to co-design and explore the interactivity of the re-programmable devices. They tested how they could play with them, and were asked about how they would re-design and repurpose the artefacts and the scripting interface for their way of playing. Through a thematic analysis of the observations and group interviews, it could be seen that an implicit social role emerged, centered around the use of the programming device. This role took on a guiding and supporting role, rather than a leading role. By deliberately designing for this ‘gamemaster’ role, this understanding may be useful in future design of technology for public and outdoor play.

Purwarupa Radar Berbasis Arduino dan GUI Processing 3 sebagai Pendeteksi Musuh

Radar is a tool that functions to determine the whereabouts of objects in the surroundings. A military defense system requires a system for monitoring and handling certain areas (land, sea, air) effectively and efficiently to prevent unwanted presence from entering private areas. This design is expected to increase the defense system's capabilities to make it easier to automatically track and destroy enemies. The laser gun is an actuator that is integrated to shoot enemies detected by radar. The servo motor drives the ultrasonic sensor and the diode laser which moves from 00 to 1800, the ultrasonic sensor is integrated into the servo motor which functions to detect objects by reflecting ultrasonic waves on the object and receiving them back when the waves hit the object, then the 5V diode laser is used as a weapon. will emit a laser beam when directed at an object detected by the servo motor. Processing3 software is used as a graphic programming tool that can display object detection read by the ultrasonic sensor. The results of this research are that the ultrasonic sensor is capable of detecting objects in the range 0-40cm and the servo motor is capable of reaching angles from 00 to 1800. And this system can work effectively during shooting so that it can meet defense needs in dealing with enemies and can work quickly and precisely.

Удельные энергетические затраты на измельчение древесины при подготовке композита для 3D-печати

The Northwestern Federal District is a region of Russia rich in a variety of wood species. The properties of wood in this region differ significantly from the properties of wood grown in other countries or in the eastern part of Russia, which leads to differences in energy costs of grinding wood. The aim of this research has been to estimate the specific energy costs of grinding wood to the state of wood flour, which will be used as the basis for wood polymer composite consumables in additive technologies. Wood flour has been obtained by grinding wood in a laboratory disk mill, repeatedly reducing the particle size. The granulometric composition has been analyzed for beech, oak, larch, alder and pine wood at 1, 3, 5 and 10 grinding cycles. Particle sizes have been determined by analyzing images obtained using an optical microscope and processed in the ImageJ graphic program. The specific energy costs of grinding have been estimated by recording the power with a wattmeter every second with repeated feeding of wood flour for the known mill productivity. When calculating the specific energy consumption, the moisture content of each wood species has been taken into account, as well as productivity losses associated with the adhesion of wood particles to the working surfaces of the dispersing set and the inner area of the disk mill body. The research has revealed a relationship between the specific energy costs and the particle size of wood flour obtained from various wood species. Regression analysis of curves corresponding to different wood species has made it possible to obtain exponential and power-law dependencies that do not contradict the fundamental theoretical laws of grinding solid particles. Based on these results, pine wood flour has been recognized as the most energy-efficient option. The established dependencies can be used to predict the specific energy consumption for grinding beech, oak, larch, alder and pine wood in disk mills.

Influence of programming education modalities on the computational thinking in young children: A comprehensive review and meta‐analysis

AbstractBackgroundThe pedagogy of computational thinking has gained extensive traction across numerous nations globally, with a particular emphasis on nurturing computational thinking in the formative years of early childhood. Nevertheless, the efficacy of diverse instructional approaches in the domain of programming education, with regards to fostering the advancement of computational thinking abilities in young children, remains a subject of ongoing debate.ObjectivesThe primary aim of this research is to evaluate the efficacy of programming education in fostering computational thinking skills in young children. The central focus revolves around a meticulous exploration of the influence exerted by diverse modalities of programming education on the cultivation of computational thinking abilities in early learners.MethodsA total of 32 empirical studies were incorporated into the analysis. Out of these, 77 effect sizes were deemed to meet the predefined inclusion criteria for the present study. The statistical analysis was executed utilizing Stata version 17.0 software.Results and ConclusionsThe acquisition of programming skills can enhance the advancement of computational thinking in young children (Hedges's g = 0.49, 95% confidence interval [0.40, 0.58]), thereby yielding a moderate effect. When considering the triad of programming education modalities, it becomes evident that graphical programming surpasses both tangible programming and unplugged programming in terms of its efficacy in fostering the growth of computational thinking in young learners.ImplicationsThe foregoing contributes significantly to the systematic cultivation and augmentation of computational thinking skills in young children. It establishes a foundational framework for early childhood educators and instructional tool designers to effectively and purposefully impart programming knowledge to children.

Application of AutoCAD and KOMPAS graphic editors

In this article, on the example of two graphics programs AutoCAD and KOMPAS, we tried to identify the most convenient computer graphics program for work. Most teachers prefer the interactive (computer) type of teaching. Interactive learning is much more effective than traditional learning. The success of interactive learning can mainly depend on the teacher and the level of interest of the students themselves. The article provides a comparative analysis of these programs and shows that these programs are indispensable when performing 3D modeling tasks. When the scale is reduced, changes occur in the Compass 3D program: for example, when creating a basic shape on a plane, the sketch parameters change. And when changing the coordinate axes in AutoCAD, it becomes difficult to draw figures such as parallelepipeds, cylinders, cones, etc. In AutoCAD, once you are familiar with the panel tools and have knowledge of descriptive geometry, you can easily begin drawing an axonometric image. The operation is also considered in the Compass program, since in this program there are no repetitions of the contour boundaries.

Artificial neural networks for the detection of odontoid fractures using the Konstanz Information Miner Analytics Platform.

An experimental study. This study aimed to investigate the potential use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) in the detection of odontoid fractures using the Konstanz Information Miner (KNIME) Analytics Platform that provides a technique for computer-assisted diagnosis using radiographic X-ray imaging. In medical image processing, computer-assisted diagnosis with ANNs from radiographic X-ray imaging is becoming increasingly popular. Odontoid fractures are a common fracture of the axis and account for 10%-15% of all cervical fractures. However, a literature review of computer-assisted diagnosis with ANNs has not been made. This study analyzed 432 open-mouth (odontoid) radiographic views of cervical spine X-ray images obtained from dataset repositories, which were used in developing ANN models based on the convolutional neural network theory. All the images contained diagnostic information, including 216 radiographic images of individuals with normal odontoid processes and 216 images of patients with acute odontoid fractures. The model classified each image as either showing an odontoid fracture or not. Specifically, 70% of the images were training datasets used for model training, and 30% were used for testing. KNIME's graphic user interface-based programming enabled class label annotation, data preprocessing, model training, and performance evaluation. The graphic user interface program by KNIME was used to report all radiographic X-ray imaging features. The ANN model performed 50 epochs of training. The performance indices in detecting odontoid fractures included sensitivity, specificity, F-measure, and prediction error of 100%, 95.4%, 97.77%, and 2.3%, respectively. The model's accuracy accounted for 97% of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the diagnosis of odontoid fractures. The ANN models with the KNIME Analytics Platform were successfully used in the computer-assisted diagnosis of odontoid fractures using radiographic X-ray images. This approach can help radiologists in the screening, detection, and diagnosis of acute odontoid fractures.

Study of the use of neural network in combination with graphical programs in light industry

Technology, currently at the peak of its development, provides an opportunity to increase the level of education of modern man. As a consequence, the development of new clothing models using neural networks is also becoming a more efficient way to optimize design processes. By applying neural networks, results can be achieved quickly and easily. Artificial intelligence empowers and optimizes work in the fashion industry: it recognizes clothes from photos, accesses virtual fitting sessions, and, without much effort, easily selects the perfect size. The program will automatically design the pattern and technically reproduce patterns by size, height and fullness. Artificial intelligence will require less creative work from the author, and the designers themselves will be able to spend more time on their creativity. The research paper utilizes Microsoft Bing to facilitate the creation of new designs for clothing patterns. It is an artificial intelligence that can be used to create images, solve problems and get new ideas. With the help of this program it is planned to create an experimental series of Kyrgyz national costumes, the details of which will be designed in the graphic program of Grafic 12 clothing designer.

Extending Jupyter with Multi-Paradigm Editors

Computational notebooks like the Jupyter programming environment have been popular, particularly for developing data-driven applications. One of its main benefits is that it easily supports different programming languages with exchangeable kernels. Thus, it makes the user interface of computational notebooks broadly accessible. While their literate programming paradigm has advantages, we can use this infrastructure to make other paradigms similarly easily and broadly accessible to developers. In our work, we demonstrate how the Jupyter infrastructure can be utilized with different interfaces for different programming paradigms, enabling even greater flexibility for programmers and making it easier for them to adopt different paradigms when they are most suitable. We present a prototype that adds graphical programming and a multi-paradigm editor on top of the Jupyter system. The multi-paradigm editor seamlessly combines the added graphical programming with the familiar notebook interface side-by-side, which can further help developers switch between programming paradigms when desired. A subsequent user evaluation demonstrates the benefits not only of alternate interfaces and paradigms but also of the flexibility of seamlessly switching between them. Finally, we discuss some of the challenges in implementing these systems and how these can enhance the software development process in the future.