Graphical Shapes Research Articles

Properties, quantile regression, and application of bounded exponentiated Weibull distribution to COVID-19 data of mortality and survival rates

Well-known continuous distributions such as Beta and Kumaraswamy distribution are useful for modeling the datasets which are based on unit interval [0,1]. But every distribution is not always useful for all types of data sets, rather it depends on the shapes of data as well. In this research, a three-parameter new distribution named bounded exponentiated Weibull (BEW) distribution is defined to model the data set with the support of unit interval [0,1]. Some fundamental distributional properties for the BEW distribution have been investigated. For modeling dependence between measures in a dataset, a bivariate extension of the BEW distribution is developed, and graphical shapes for the bivariate BEW distribution have been shown. Several estimation methods have been discussed to estimate the parameters of the BEW distribution and to check the performance of the estimator, a Monte Carlo simulation study has been done. Afterward, the applications of the BEW distribution are illustrated using COVID-19 data sets. The proposed distribution shows a better fit than many well-known distributions. Lastly, a quantile regression model from bounded exponentiated Weibull distribution is developed, and its graphical shapes for the probability density function (PDF) and hazard function have been shown.

THE ROLE OF RAW LEADERSHIP IN ACHIEVING GUEST HAPPINESS (AN APPLIED STUDY IN HOTEL ORGANIZATIONS IN BAGHDAD GOVERNORATE)

The current study aims to investigate the impact of servant leadership on guest happiness in hotel organizations in the Baghdad Governorate. The study focuses on five hotels: Coral Baghdad, Palestine Meridian, Degla Al Khair, Crystal Grand Ishtar, Babel, and Warwick. The research methodology employed is the descriptive-analytical method. The research problem concerns several questions, with the main question being: "What is the role of servant leadership in achieving guest happiness?" The study formulates two hypotheses, tested using correlation and influence analysis in the (SPSSV—23) software to address this central question and related questions. The data for the analysis is collected through a distributed questionnaire. A total of (50) questionnaires were issued to the participants of the study. Out of these, only (47) were collected and examined in a manner relevant to the research topic. The analysis and statistical treatment involved the use of several appropriate statistical methods, including frequency distribution, graphical shapes, percentages, weighted arithmetic mean, standard deviation, relative importance (answer intensity), simple Pearson correlation coefficient, simple linear regression coefficient, F test (F-test), and coefficient of determination R2. After testing the hypotheses, he reached several results, including:- Servant leadership contributes to guest happiness through its behavior by presenting the interests of the guests and making it a priority over the interests of the self. Leaders of hotel organizations deal with guests fairly and transparently. The research presented several recommendations, the most important of which are: Work to guide guests during the visit to openness, acceptance of others, and integration into community activities. Servant leaders must allow guests to participate in the decision-making process regarding the details of the tourism program.

Graphical Shape in Cartesian Plane Based on Dissolved Gas Analysis for Power Transformer Incipient Faults Discrimination

Graphical Shape in Cartesian Plane Based on Dissolved Gas Analysis for Power Transformer Incipient Faults Discrimination

On Graphical Shapes of χ2 Statistics of Leading Digits of Irrational Rotations

We discuss the outline of the shapes of graphs of χ 2 statistics for distributions of leading digits of irrational rotations under some conditions on mth convergent. We give some estimates of important coefficients Lk’s, which determine the graphical shapes of χ2 statistics. This means that the denominator qm of mth convergent and the large partial quotient am+1 determine the outline of shapes of graphs, when we observe values of χ 2 statistics with step qm.

Study Case of Marine Propulsion Shaft Measurements by the Strain Gage Method: before and after a ship hull grounding accident

The strain gage method for propulsion shaft bending moment verificationhas been in use since the 80’s. In this work, the authors present theirprocedure and results of this method to an Anchor Handling Tug Supply(AHTS) ship. The method was applied in this ship in two occasions: afterdelivery in 2018 and after a grounding accident in 2019. After a period ofhull repair, the bearing reactions were verified at the same time by Jackupand Strain Gage methods. The results by the Strain Gage techniqueare considered more accurate and complete than those of the Jack-up.Based on the Strain Gage results, it was concluded that the groundingaccident caused a change in the alignment of the shaft lines, mainly onstarboard side. The comparison between the methods presented thesame graphic shape, however the Jack-up measurements differed fromthe Strain Gage ones at some points due to some factors noted anddiscussed by the authors.

A Local Instruction Theory for Emergent Graphical Shape Thinking: A Middle School Case Study

Emergent graphical shape thinking (EGST) involves interpreting or constructing a graph as dynamically generated, which is useful across science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields. Although evidence suggests that students as young as middle school can engage in EGST with support, other research indicates most college students and U.S. teachers do not spontaneously engage in such reasoning when potentially productive. We describe a local instruction theory (LIT) to support middle school students developing EGST as part of their graphing meanings. We then present a case study to show how two students engaged with a task sequence designed with the LIT in mind to develop meanings for EGST. This article illustrates general principles researchers and educators could use to promote students’ graphing meanings.

The Teacher's Influence on the Writing Support of Beginning Schoolchildren

The research study is related to the period of initial writing in elementary school, which in the teaching of writing focuses on mastering the writing of graphic shapes, not written letters. This period is extremely important for the subsequent writing of complete graphemes, and thus also for the overall learning of the pupil. The research focuses on identifying the writing support of pupils after entering the first year of primary school, which is implemented by primary school teachers in Slovakia. In the study, we present selected research findings of quantitative research using a questionnaire in which 275 primary education teachers participated. The research findings present teachers' statements about supporting the student's writing based on knowledge of the current level of graphomotor development, which may or may not eliminate the student's writing difficulties. Based on this, the research findings initiated the need for a deeper investigation focusing on knowing and interpreting the relationships between the variables. Specific indicators on pedagogical decisions to support student writing identified by quantitative research create a range of topics for subsequent qualitative research.

‘Both a poet and a painter’: typography and textual images in Christopher Logue’s War Music

The work of the British poet Christopher Logue is characterized by variation, collaboration, and intermedia projects. His output includes poetry set to jazz, printed poster-poems, public poetry performances, film scripts, collaborations with artists, and translations from Portuguese, German and, most significantly, ancient Greek. War Music, an ‘account of Homer’s Iliad’ according to its subtitle, became Logue’s life’s work, eclipsing many of his earlier projects. But collisions of word, image, and sound—the intermedia formats that characterize his early work—endure in Logue’s Homeric translations in the form of radical typographic experiments and textual images, such as inch-high capital letters marking the arrival of the god Apollo, and graphic shapes formed by variation in line lengths. This article demonstrates that War Music is a key text in the intersection of translation and visual poetry, which can be best understood in dialogue with other forms such as concrete poetry and the text-inspired art of Cy Twombly.

Computer Speech Recognition Technology and Graphic Shape Design

In order to solve the problem of lack of multimodal emotional database, a computer speech recognition technology and graphic form design research were proposed. Using the hidden Markov model (HMM) to recognize speech emotion is mainly to provide emotion type for the subsequent expression fusion. When the emotion category in the speech is obtained, the facial animation parameter (FAP) corresponding to the speech emotion can be combined with the lip movement FAP based on the Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPEG-4) face animation standard to obtain a comprehensive FAP. The results show that the recognition effect of speech emotion recognition in the method used in this paper is relatively better than that obtained by other literature methods, and the average recognition rate reaches 70.24%, which is higher than the other three methods. It is verified that this method can present a better recognition effect.

Graphological Patterning in Helon Habila’s Novel, Measuring Time

This paper explores the graphological devices deployed by Helon Habila in his novel, Measuring Time, to convey his messages and intentions. Graphology is simply the graphic representation of language on paper. In literature, literary artists deploy language resources and style in a manner that their messages are best articulated. Although the graphic substance is not a component of linguistics, its affinity with the phonic substance in particular, and language in general is so close that it exerts considerable influence on stylistics. The graphic shape often attempts to represent the phonic substance. Hence, the patterned system of the graphic substance is an aspect of the style of written discourse, which should not be overlooked. Habila is one of Nigeria’s new generation writers, preoccupied by the socio-political malaise in Nigeria, which are a bane to growth and development. In Measuring Time, Habila does not only identify the societal ills, but he advances suggestions aimed at proffering lasting solutions, thereby making his literary works useful to the society. DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/12-10-01 Publication date: May 31 st 2022

Fabrication of luminescent patterns using aggregation‐induced emission molecules by an electrolytic micelle disruption approach

AbstractHerein, we report an electrochemical strategy that could control the location of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) molecules on patterned electrodes in a precise and facile way, producing photoluminescent and electrochemiluminescent patterns with a variety of colors. A micelle composed of electroactive surfactants was broken during the electrooxidation process, in which AIE molecules inside these micelles were released on patterned electrodes. These patterned electrodes were pretreated by not only metal, but also multifarious conducting polymers (CPs). An in‐depth investigation clarified a correlation between the variety of CPs used as electrodes and the oxidation rate of the electroactive surfactant due to different catalytic performances of CPs. Furthermore, combined with wireless and gradient features of bipolar electrochemistry, a gradient luminescent pattern was easily achieved. The current studies suggest more abundant luminescent patterns using AIE luminophores can be developed by such an electrochemical method, in both of graphical shapes and emitting colors.

Multi-wave, M-shaped rational and interaction solutions for fractional nonlinear electrical transmission line equation

In this paper, (2+1)− dimensional nonlinear fractional electrical transmission line equation (NLFETLE), which explains the wave variation in nonlinear systems, will be investigated. To convert our model into an ordinary differential equation (ODE) we adopt a conformable fractional (CF) operator. By combining exponential, polynomial, trigonometric, and hyperbolic functions, we will analyze multi-waves, periodic cross-kink, M-shaped rational and interaction solutions. We will also analyze degeneracies of hybrid waves through some graphical shapes.

The Variation of University Physics Students’ Experience of Plus and Minus Signs in 1D Vector-kinematics Revisited

This article revisits and expands upon a previous phenomenographic study characterising the qualitatively different ways in which South African undergraduate physics students may experience the use of +/– signs in one-dimensional kinematics (1DK). We find the original categorisation as applicable for interpreting Swedish university-level students’ responses to 1DK questions. However, by way of a typology of potential learning outcomes associated with +/– signs in 1DK, our review of the topic reveals that the original study’s treatment misses the implications of +/– signs related to time rate of change and graphical shape. We also add to the description of students’ experience of +/– signs in 1DK by incorporating ideas from the Variation Theory of Learning and by focusing on some of the aspects of +/– signs in 1DK that were underemphasized in the original study. Our analysis thus provides a template for physics educators to support students’ conceptual understanding of sign conventions in vector kinematics.

The influence of landscape intervention used as an alertness maintaining ‘tool’ on driving behaviour

Monotony, caused by deficiencies in the visual reference, can increase the risk of road accidents. This paper focuses on using landscape intervention as an alertness maintaining ‘tool’ to counter monotony. Therefore, a driving simulator experiment with four different scenes was designed. One is the control group with no landscape. The other three are landscapes with different spatial patterns. The spatial patterns were treatments combing the different graphic shapes and different enclosure degrees. Twenty-six subjects were required to drive in the centre of the right lane with a speed limit of 80 km/h as an alertness task. To assess the impact of different landscapes on driving behaviour, speed, steering wheel angle, and lane position were analysed. The results indicated a significant advantage of alertness maintaining of semi-open chevron landscape. Speeding and lane crossing has been significantly improved (p < 0.05). Also, the adequate length of the semi-open chevron landscape based on the alertness threshold of steering wheel angle SampEn is longer than the other spatial patterns. This work can help to develop more efficient monotony countermeasures with landscape intervention. It also provides valuable information for methods of adequate duration determination in alertness maintaining ‘tool’ based on driving behaviour.

Influence of packaging design parameters on customers’ decision-making process

Many recent research has focused on graphic design and shape of the packaging, and their effects on the customer's decision-making process as two separate categories. Since the shape of the packaging along with the graphic design plays an important role in the visual appearance of the packaging and attracts the customer's attention, the main objective of this research was to find out which packaging shapes and graphic elements customers find most attractive, as well as to understand the general opinion of customers about the influence of packaging aesthetics on their decision-making process when purchasing a product. Methodology of this research was conducted in two stages, from which the first one included creating three different graphic design solutions combined with three shape categories, and three variations of added value, for the same food packaging. The second part of the research covered an online questionnaire, in which a group of 50 people participated. This questionnaire focused on three variables: graphic design of the packaging, packaging shape and it’s added value. These variables were evaluated using the Likert scale. Through the questionnaire, participants were asked to answer general questions about the impact of the packaging visual appearance and added value, on their decision-making process when buying a product, as well as to choose the most appealing packaging between the given options. The research results showed that customers preferred non-standard packaging shapes and simple graphic design, as well as packaging with added value. The results of this research prove that the aesthetics of packaging has an impact on the customer's perception of a product, which means that packaging plays an important role in product marketing.

Basic Graphic Shape Decoding for EEG-based Brain-Computer Interfaces.

Image decoding using electroencephalogram (EEG) has became a new topic for brain-computer interface (BCI) studies in recent years. Previous studies often tried to decode EEG signals modulated by a picture of complex object. However, it's still unclear how a simple image with different positions and orientations influence the EEG signals. To this end, this study used a same white bar with eight different spatial patterns as visual stimuli. Convolutional neural network (CNN) combined with long short-term memory (LSTM) was employed to decode the corresponding EEG signals. Four subjects were recruited in this study. As a result, the highest binary classification accuracy could reach 97.2%, 95.7%, 90.2%, and 88.3% for the four subjects, respectively. Almost all subjects could achieve more than 70% for 4-class classification. The results demonstrate basic graphic shapes are decodable from EEG signals, which hold promise for image decoding of EEG-based BCIs.

Profiling figure legends in scientific research articles: A corpus-driven approach

Figure legends, a descriptive statement accompanying a graph, is an essential component of science writing, and novice writers often find it difficult to write an adequate and plausible one. However, almost no discourse analysis has been done of this short yet important part of research articles. Taking a corpus-driven approach, this study explores the use of keywords and lexical bundles in figure legends in order to understand how the discourse is constructed by the salient recurrent single and multiple lexical items. Results show that in figure legends writers are most concerned with the textual descriptions of blue and red as markers of contrasting scientific items and bars and images as representative of graphic shapes. Additionally, writers also frequently use shown and indicated to introduce the demonstrative relationship between graphic elements and scientific information. Further, noun/prepositional bundles account for the overwhelming proportion, followed by verb-related and then clause-related forms, while research-oriented functions of bundles are more frequently used than text and participant-oriented functions. The results offer useful pedagogical input and help novice and L2 writers come to grips with this part-genre.

Real-Time Implementation of Robust Loop-Shaping Controller for a VSC HVDC System

Voltage source converter (VSC) based HVDC systems are one of the most promising technologies for high voltage bulk power transmission. The reliability and stability of a VSC-based HVDC system greatly depends on the design of a proper controller for the inner decoupled d-q current loop. One of the major causes of instability in a properly tuned controller is due to system parameter variation. This paper presents the design of a fixed parameter robust controller for the inner decoupled d-q current loop for a VSC-based HVDC system to deal with the uncertainties due to system parameter variations. The method of multiplicative uncertainty is employed in the robust design to model the variations in the system parameters. The robust control design was realized through a graphical procedure known as the loop-shaping technique. The graphical loop shaping technique is a much simpler and more straightforward method compared to the traditional H∞-based algorithms for robust controller design. The designed robust controller was experimentally verified using a real-time hardware in loop (HIL) system and was tested on a VSC HVDC system. The performance of the designed robust controller is compared to that of a traditional PI controller. It has been observed that a classical PI controller is effective for a given operating point, and its performance deteriorates when the operating point changes or when the system parameters change. The studies conducted using real-time hardware in the loop (HIL) system prove that the designed loop-shaping-based robust controller provides very good performance and stability for a wide range of system parameter variations, such as changes in resistance and the inductance of the VSC HVDC system compared to the PI controller tuned using conventional methods.

Visual identity of cities: designers’ tools and meanings

PurposeThis paper aims to identify and compare the graphical shapes and meanings attributed to place/city by the designer/creative/author of a city visual identity (VI) and by the client and designer’s peers.Design/methodology/approachTo identify and compare the graphical shapes and meanings attributed to place/city by the designer/creative/author of a city VI and by the client and designer’s peers.FindingsThis paper analysed the way the visual culture of different stakeholders influenced the process and the construction of the iconographic meanings. Secondly, this paper assessed how the design tools impacted the creative process in that specific context.Practical implicationsA demanding involvement of more participants in the design process can be worthy for a VI outcome. Visual identity of a city is both designer’s creative as a political process. The several aesthetical options decisions implied adaptation, trade-offs and negotiations.Originality/valueThis research explains how the design tools and forms were used in the creative process of designers when conceiving the VI of a place. This research also reveals how a design work can have an effective impact on the sensory qualities emanating from city brands which are recognized by tourists and citizens. The consideration of the designer’s tools makes a relevant contribution to understand some underlying procedural issues.

Two Graphical Shapes Based on DGA for Power Transformer Fault Types Discrimination

Different graphical diagnostic methods, which are based on dissolved gas analysis (DGA) are widely used for fault diagnosis and monitoring of dielectric liquid filled transformers. The aforementioned graphical diagnostic methods mainly focus on three, four, five or seven gases. In this work, an alternative approach is proposed by means of a two-shapes graphical method in order to discriminate between different fault types guided from the acetylene percentage derived from the DGA analysis. Low thermal faults are studied through the first shape (square), while electrical discharge faults are depicted in the second shape (pentagon). The accuracy of the proposed method is calculated based on 375 DGA data; the overall obtained accuracy is 78.93%.