Graphical Map Research Articles

Surface excess free energies and equilibrium Wulff shapes in variable chemical environments at finite temperatures

Burgeoning interest in nanoparticles across a number of distinct fields has spurred broad investigation into the optimization of particle shape and surface chemistry. Here we demonstrate the application of DFT and DFPT calculations to compute bulk reference free energies and surface excess free energies accounting for vibrational and, where appropriate, configurational entropies of solid particles and particle surfaces. Using these results we construct “particle configuration maps”—graphical maps of the equilibrium shape and surface chemistry of particles over a range of temperatures and environmental conditions. Applied to W particles in O- or Ba/O-containing environments (a model system relevant to thermionic dispenser cathodes with critical applications in vacuum electronic devices) these maps highlight the critical role that Ba plays in controlling both the shape and surface chemistry of W particles in application-relevant conditions. These system-specific findings demonstrate the broad power of DFT+DFPT computed particle configuration maps: revealing connections between and insight into particle behavior and properties as a function of experimentally-relevant conditions.

Developing a Common Library of Prefabricated Structure Components through Graphic Media Mapping to Improve Design Efficiency

In recent years, prefabricated structures have attracted a lot of attention because of their advantages of multifunctional design, fast construction speed, and high degree of standardization. However, they also entail increased design information complexity. To achieve a simplified and efficient design process, this study proposes to develop a common library of prefabricated structural components using graphic media mapping. The study integrates digital graphic information of building information modeling (BIM) with engineering and production data. Based on the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) data standard, semantic data related to the geometry, processes, resources, production costs, construction sites, and other design information relevant for prefabricated components are assigned to a component’s graphic representation. Thus, the visible geometric representation and the background engineering information are integrated into a unified database. A collection of common structural components forms a library that can be reused in prefabricated design projects. The development of a component library and its application to a more efficient design process is demonstrated through a case study of an urban viaduct project.

Exchange rate and volatility: A bibliometric review

AbstractThe exchange rate is one of the most important prices in open economies. Exchange rate volatility (ERV) has been studied in terms of its measurement, forecast and impact and relationship with other variables. This article proposes a bibliometric analysis of ERV compared with two databases Web of Science and Scopus. The number of data obtained reflects the importance of the topic in scientific research. In addition, we identify authors, institutions and countries of great influence studying currency volatility. The evolution of the study through time shows the increase in attention on the topic. VOS viewer software has been used to create graphic maps and visualize the connections existing in the study.

Process Management in Food Supply Chains: A Case Study

Purpose: The aim of this article is to identify processes in the horses feed supply chains implemented for the needs of sporting stables, together with an indication of the factors determining their efficient management and to propose methods to improve the process. Design/Approach: The research was conducted using qualitative methods. As part of the research procedure, process analysis was carried out using the method of mapping processes in the horse feed supply chain. To analyse and evaluate the examined processes were presented in the form of graphical maps developed using the iGrafx software. Findings: The results of the study indicate that the coordination and integration of logistics processes has a significant impact on the efficiency of the feed supply chain. It is necessary to focus process management on building partnerships in the supply chain to ensure high quality horse nutrition. Practical Implications: The results can be used to improve the supply chain, which is important for owners, breeders, trainers, and animal caregivers - as well as sports, insurance, or veterinary institutions. Nutritional issues are subject to detailed analysis in the event of success and at the time of occurrence of health problems ending with surgical intervention or death of the horse. Originality/Value: Due to the growing importance of these issues for the efficient operation of the feed chain for horses, it is necessary to understand and promote the aspect of coherent, integrated process management in the scientific and practical dimension. An important element of breeding and training activities is the proper recognition of individual elements and relationships in feed supply chains, as well as the factors determining them.

Graphic map load comparison of two Czech school atlases using edge detection

Abstract. Map complexity has been studied by cartographers for decades. Unfortunately, it is not being systematically measured as an essential map property and used to optimize cartographic products during the map-making process. Therefore, the appropriate load of map content in a map usually remains dependent only on the subjective assessment of the cartographer designing the map.The paper aims to describe and examine newly developed easy-to-use metric for graphic map load evaluation. A plugin for an open-source software Gimp was developed to provide an accessible tool to measure graphic map load of various geospatial visualizations in an image file format. This tool was then used to compare two Czech school atlases produced by Kartografie PRAHA, a.s. publisher in terms of their graphic map load. The examined atlases include: the latest World School Atlas (in Czech Školní atlas světa) and the new equivalent called Pupil’s Atlas (originally Školní atlas světa) intended to fit especially to younger pupils. Both the atlases are captured in Figure 1.The equivalent maps (the same or very similar map extents, scales, captured regions and map types) in both atlases were compared to investigate differences in graphic map load. For this, a developed metric implemented in the form of an extension to well-known image processing software Gimp was used. The extension advances an edge detection filter to identify both sharp and smooth edges in order to estimate the graphic map load of map samples. Also, a distribution of map load across the map layout is shown. Subsequently, measured values were compared and used to estimate the differences in the potential readability of those products.

What can we learn from the JATM literature for the future of aviation post Covid-19? - A bibliometric and visualization analysis

This paper aims to draw lessons from retrospectively evaluating the evolution of the air transport discipline right up to the COVID-19 outbreak through the Journal of Air Transport Management (JATM), the main scholarly air transportation journal globally. As such, this study deploys a comprehensive bibliometric analysis and graphical mapping of the JATM knowledge body through CiteSpace visualization of 1483 JATM papers from 2001 to 2019. Our results suggest that while the industry has experienced pandemics and economic crises in the past, both were not dominant in influencing JATM literature neither in frequency nor in impact. That said, recovery, crisis and disruption are important key words in JATM papers not just in regard to safety and economic crisis management but increasingly also related to health concerns with recent key papers published in the pandemic and recovery management context which may have helped the industry dealing with the current crisis as well as current JATM papers on this topic assisting with preparing for a transitioning out of COVID-19 world.

Bibliometric Analysis of Current Drug Metabolism: The Twentieth Anniversary from 2000-2019.

Scopus is regularly covering Current Drug Metabolism from 2000 onwards. The major objective is to perform the 1st bibliometric analysis of Current Drug Metabolism (CDM). The data was retrieved from Scopus in April-May 2020 for detail analysis. The total number of publications was found to be 1551, with 955 reviews (61.57%) and 466 articles (30.05%). From 2000 onwards, we calculated the relative growth rate and doubling time. Based on the number of publications, total 4418 authors, 3235 institutions and 83 countries were directly involved in all publications. M.A. Kamal is the highly productive scientist with fifty-three (53 or 3.73%) publications, King Abdulaziz University is the top university with the highest number of publications (58 or 4.13%) and the USA is the top-ranked country with 365 publications (25.96%). We also provided the h-index, total citations (TC), h-index without self-citations (WSC) and total WSC of the top ten authors, universities and countries. In citations analysis, Prof. Zhou S.F. was the top scientist with the highest (1594) number of citations. In institutional category Department of Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, United States, is the top ranked institutes with 654 total citations. While, United States is the top-ranked country with 18409 total citations. In co-words analysis, 3387, 30564 and 17333 terms in titles of the manuscripts, abstracts and keywords were recorded, respectively. This indicated that CDM principally focused on understanding drug development ranging from its efficacy to delivery, metabolism, distribution, safety and mechanism of actions. Similarly, various specific drugs were thoroughly discussed in publications. Various enzymatic, genetics, proteins and cancer-related aspects were also described. For data presentations, we used VOSviewer graphical maps. The data confirm that CDM showed continuous growth in the number of publications and citations. However significant measures are needed to make overall progress and improve the rankings in relevant categories.

An approximate wavelets solution to the class of variational problems with fractional order

In the present work, a generalized fractional integral operational matrix is derived by using classical Legendre wavelets. Then, a numerical scheme based on this operational matrix and Lagrange multipliers is proposed for solving variational problems with fractional order. This approach has been applied on some illustrative examples. The results obtained for these examples demonstrate that the suggested technique is efficient for solving variational problems with fractional order and gives a very perfect agreement with the exact solution. The results are depicted in graphical maps and data tables. The integral square error, maximum absolute error, and order of convergence have been evaluated to analyze the precision of the suggested method. The present scheme provides better and comparable results with some other existing approaches available in the literature.

Emotions and Sport Management: A Bibliometric Overview.

Emotions are considered a fundamental aspect of sport scenarios, and within sports, consumer behavior is a very popular area of research in the sport management field. Thus, in recent years, there has been a growing interest for sport managers regarding the role that emotions play in sport consumer behavior. Thus, the aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the academic research on emotions in the sport management field using two techniques: a bibliometric performance analysis and a graphic mapping of the references in this field. This analysis focuses on authors, journals, papers, institutions and countries. Bibliometric indicators including the h-index measure, productivity and the number of citations were used to perform the performance analysis. Then, VOSviewer software was used to perform co-citation, bibliographic coupling and co-occurrence of keyword analysis (mapping analysis). The results of both types of analysis are consistent, with the United States being the most influential country in emotions in sport management research because the main authors and institutions in this research field belong to this country. The overall results indicate that the literature on this research topic has grown significantly in recent years in all scientific disciplines; however, the research topic is incipient, and therefore, the number of articles is still limited. Thus, this research presents the key aspects in the topic of emotions in sport management that could be helpful for researchers and policy makers in the field of sport management to make future decisions.

Stratigraphic flux—A method for determining preferential pathways for complex sites

AbstractExperience with groundwater remediation over several decades has demonstrated that successful outcomes depend on quantitative conceptual site models (CSMs). Over the last 30 years, we have progressed from groundwater pump‐and‐treat remedies, which were largely designed based on a water supply perspective, to in situ and combined remedy strategies, which are only beginning to benefit from understanding the aquifer architecture and distribution of contaminant mass to assess plume maturity, mass flux, and more reliable means of fate and transport assessment. The U.S. Air Force funded the development of the Stratigraphic Flux approach to provide a framework for understanding contaminant transport pathways at its complex sites and enable more reliable and cost‐effective remediation. Stratigraphic Flux enables the development of quantitative, flux‐based CSMs that are founded in sequence stratigraphy, and high‐resolution hydraulic conductivity and contaminant distribution measurements. The result is a three‐dimensional graphical mapping of relative contaminant flux and classification of transport potential that is easy for all stakeholders to understand. The Stratigraphic Flux graphical model is based on a hydrofacies classification system that describes transport potential in three segments of the aquifer: transport zones—where the majority of groundwater flow occurs and transport rates are measured in feet per day; slow advection zones—where transport rates are measured in feet per year; and storage zones—where typically less than 1% of flow occurs, and diffusion dominates contaminant transport. The hydrofacies architectures are based on stratigraphy and transport potential is defined by grouping facies by orders of magnitude classes in hydraulic conductivity. By combining the hydrofacies architecture with contaminant concentration distributions, one can map relative contaminant flux to define and target the complex pathways that control contaminant transport and cleanup behavior. In this article, we describe the Stratigraphic Flux framework, focusing on the key information needed and the methods of analysis. We illustrate the results of its application to evaluate migration pathways for trichlorethylene and chromium at a former chrome pit at Air Force Plant 4 in Fort Worth, Texas. A comprehensive guidance document that describes the approach with a broad spectrum of tools and several site examples can be requested from the authors.

Improving the Food Supply Chain in Military Units

Purpose: The aim of the research was to analyse and evaluate logistic processes implemented in the food supply chain in the military system in peace conditions and to propose possibilities for improving these processes. Design/Approach: The research was conducted using qualitative methods. As part of the research procedure, process analysis was carried out using the method of modelling logistics processes in the food supply chain implemented in a selected object of study (a military university from Poland). To analyse and evaluate the examined processes they have been presented in the form of graphical maps developed using the iGrafx software. Findings: The results of the study indicate that innovative solutions (technological and organisational) have a significant impact on the efficiency of the food supply chain. It is necessary to support logistic processes with traceability and RFID technology as well as adaptation to EU requirements in the field of short supply chains and building partnerships under civil-military cooperation. Practical Implications: The results can be used to improve the operation of the food supply chain for military units in peacetime by improving logistics processes using innovative methods of traceability to identify and track the flows of goods (food). Conducted analyses have significant practical implications for the design of new or modernising agility supply chains in military units in peacetime. Originality/Value: Due to the importance of these issues for the effective implementation of logistics processes in the military system, it is necessary to understand and promote the aspect of improving the food supply chain in a scientific and practical dimension. The specificity of the system of military supply chains, high level of rigidity and multi-faceted risk analysis limits the possibility of using common solutions on the civil market.

The unknown city: Visual arts-based educational research on the living city experiences of university students

Through an Arts-Based Educational Research (ABER) methodology, we explore the urban perceptions of fourth-year university students from the School of Education at the University of Granada (Spain). ABER methodologies provide a subtle, representative and sensitive approach to the urban experience. In this study, we surveyed 130 students, asking them to draw and cut out a city map of Granada. This was done in order to reveal the known boundaries of the city and to identify the parts yet to be discovered by the students. With these answers as collected data, an ABER analysis was carried out through the production of visual media. Assessing findings quantitatively and visually allowed for the further investigation of students’ knowledge of the city. This inquiry questions the role of the graphic map in research and the boundaries between its technical and artistic values. These findings validate the use of ABER instruments to investigate the city and enhance understanding of the way students live the urban life.

Agritourism: structured literature review and bibliometric analysis

ABSTRACT This paper performs a systematic review of the research literature in the field of agritourism. In the study, using a structured literature review methodology, established as well as emerging research clusters have been identified for epistemological analysis. Such analysis helps in the identification of key research topics, interrelations, and collaboration patterns in the field of agritourism and other research areas involving similar concepts. Graphical mapping of the agritourism research field is done using visualization of similarities (VOS). VOS software analyzed bibliographic data of 459 research publications obtained from Web of Science and Scopus databases from a period of 1980–2019. This graphical mapping illustrated the authors’ and countries’ contributions, their collaboration, and publication pattern over the period. This paper gives insights about majorly studied research themes and also identified common areas of current research interest and potential directions for future research.

A unified methodology for computing the stresses around an arbitrarily-shaped hole in isotropic or anisotropic materials

A unified semi-analytical solution based on graphical conformal mapping and complex variable methods is proposed to calculate the in-plane stress around an arbitrarily-shaped hole in isotropic or anisotropic materials. The method requires only the outline coordinates of the hole, the elastic moduli of the material, and the magnitude and direction of the far-field stresses. Comparison with many published results for a wide range of shapes, such as triangles, squares, ovaloids, and ellipses, has been carried out to validate the method. The method has also been applied to a highly irregular geometry that has been observed in a breakout of a subsurface borehole. The solution is essentially closed-form, in the sense that it can be explicitly expressed in terms of the mapping coefficients, and parameters that depend only on the elastic moduli of the materials. With such a degree of flexibility, the method will be useful to study the effect of hole geometry on the stress distribution around holes in isotropic or anisotropic materials.

A bibliometric analysis of revenue management in airline industry

Air travel industry is among the most and the oldest beneficiaries of the Operations Research tools. The literature in the field of airline revenue management has been steadily growing over four decades. This paper presents a structured literature review of the peer-reviewed publications in the area of Revenue Management in the airline industry. The structured literature review utilizes contemporary tools from the bibliometric analysis of over 350 articles that are extracted. Using the comprehensive tools from bibliometric analysis, we identify emerging research clusters, topological analysis, key research topics, interrelation and collaboration networks and their patterns. A systematic graphical mapping helps marking research publications evaluation over the period explored along with the direction for future research. A multivariate analysis is also carried out on the co-citation matrix for identification of the factors and clusters in the highly cited publications. The findings of this paper also guide to layout a robust strategic plan for future research studies in the field.

Local and Remote Sources of Airborne Suspended Particulate Matter in the Antarctic Region

Quantification of suspended particulate matter (SPM) measurements—together with statistical tools, polar contour maps and backward air mass trajectory analyses—were implemented to better understand the main local and remote sources of contamination in this pristine region. Field campaigns were carried out during the austral summer of 2016–2017 at the “Gabriel de Castilla” Spanish Antarctic Research Station, located on Deception Island (South Shetland Islands, Antarctic). Aerosols were deposited in an air filter through a low-volume sampler and chemically analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Elements such as Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, S, Cu, Pb, Sr, Ti, Zn, Hf, Zr, V, As, Ti, Mn, Sn and Cr were identified. The statistical tools together with their correlations (Sr/Na, Al/Ti, Al/Mn, Al/Sr, Al/Pb, K/P) suggest a potentially significant role of terrestrial inputs for Al, Ti, Mn, Sr and Pb; marine environments for Sr and Na; and biological inputs for K and P. Polar contour graphical maps allowed reproducing wind maps, revealing the biological local distribution of K and P (penguin colony). Additionally, backward trajectory analysis confirmed previous affirmations and atmospheric air masses following the Antarctic circumpolar pattern.

Formalism of Euler’s Graph Theory is Suitable for Natural Etiopathogenetic Pathways and Clusters Mapping ‐ Integrative Study of Pathophysiology

Leonard Euler (1707–1783) introduced the graph theory, a special part of geometry, as a tool to “… deal with relation dependent on position alone, and investigates properties of the position; it does not take magnitude into consideration, nor it does involve calculation …”. Graph theory is useful concept for nonlinear complex systems. As non‐numerical and non‐metric mathematical reasoning, it describes a complex system as a net of multiple events, seen as a whole. Similarly, graphic representation of physiological networks has an advantage in comparison with traditional narrative descriptions.We invented matrix guided analysis and re‐synthesis method to outline and visualize etiopathogenetic pathways and their natural interconnectivity. It is four steps method (consisting of a patient problem exposition, repetition of relevant knowledge, a design of algorithm and systematization) that enforces the horizontal, vertical and longitudinal integration of knowledge. The algorithmic pathways and networking of processes are crystallized out of plethora of clinical data (signs, symptoms, dysfunctions, outcomes, etc) and knowledge of sub‐systems (nano‐molecular, thermal, macromolecular, cellular phenomena, etc.), which are largely acquired via reductionistic methodologies.Algorithmic pathophysiology elaboration has revealed a natural tendency to form common crossing points of reactivity of heterogeneous pathways. The pathways spontaneously converge and form etiopathogenetic clusters (EPCs). EPCs integrate multiple inputs and multiple exits. They look like natural integrators, the common “hubs” of human body response in various diseases. 91 EPCs have been identified at multiple levels of hierarchy of human body disease reactivity. EPCs are shared in natural development of heterogeneous conditions and they show tendency to form a network. Among the EPCs connecting pathways serve as “the EPC‐driving force”. Thus, the EPCs may be seen as “a new emerging feature” of pathophysiology foundation of disease.Following Euler’s strategy directed links in‐between elements of algorithm indicate a “physiological flux”, mutual oriented influence, and/or cause‐consequence. Physiological relations among acting elements have directionality of action, feedback and feed‐forward regulatory loops. Graphic maps outline the parallel pathways and easily put together relevant events of nano‐scale analyses with the clinical macro‐scale level. The (EPCs) are crossing and integrating points of complexity networks. The network visualization of physiology of disease and health underlying processes places individual mechanisms within the complex interconnectivity and may contribute to explanation of nonlinearity phenomena.

Comparison of SNP Calling Pipelines and NGS Platforms to Predict the Genomic Regions Harboring Candidate Genes for Nodulation in Cultivated Peanut.

Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) forms root nodules to enable a symbiotic relationship with rhizobia for biological nitrogen fixation. To understand the genetic factors of peanut nodulation, it is fundamental to genetically map and clone the genes involved in nodulation. For genetic mapping, high throughput genotyping with a large number of polymorphic markers is critical. In this study, two sets of sister recombinant inbred lines (RILs), each containing a nodulating (Nod+) and non-nodulating (Nod-) line, and their Nod+ parental lines were extensively genotyped. Several next generation sequencing (NGS) methods including target enrichment sequencing (TES), RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), genotyping by sequencing (GBS), and the 48K Axiom Arachis2 SNP array, and various analysis pipelines were applied to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) among the two sets of RILs and their parents. TES revealed the largest number of homozygous SNPs (15,947) between the original parental lines, followed by the Axiom Arachis2 SNP array (1,887), RNA-seq (1,633), and GBS (312). Among the five SNP analysis pipelines applied, the alignment to A/B genome followed by HAPLOSWEEP revealed the largest number of homozygous SNPs and highest concordance rate (79%) with the array. A total of 222 and 1,200 homozygous SNPs were polymorphic between the Nod+ and Nod− sister RILs and between their parents, respectively. A graphical genotype map of the sister RILs was constructed with these SNPs, which demonstrated the candidate genomic regions harboring genes controlling nodulation across the whole genome. Results of this study mainly provide the pros and cons of NGS and SNP genotyping platforms for genetic mapping in peanut, and also provide potential genetic resources to narrow down the genomic regions controlling peanut nodulation, which would lay the foundation for gene cloning and improvement of nitrogen fixation in peanut.

Detection of ESD-Induced Soft Failures by Analyzing Linux Kernel Function Calls

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) into a functioning system can cause temporary upsets - soft failures. Subtle soft failures can reduce the reliability of system and cannot be detected by conventional methods based on external equipment or operation system (OS) log. This paper presents a proof of concept for a novel methodology for detection of ESD-induced soft failures through analyzing kernel function trace recordings of the operation system. The method is based on recording Linux kernel function calls during normal operation and after ESD stress injection. The recorded information is visualized in forms of graphical maps of function execution and system call distribution for each process to highlight ESD induced changes. The experimental data shows that soft failures manifest themselves as changes in the function maps and the call distribution within the observed processes. This novel method is capable of detecting subtle system upsets which are not observable for the user through standard I/O or attached equipment.

Street homelessness – on the other side of the mirror

The article is devoted to the problems of street homelessness and a different perception of this phenomenon in the environment of "non-homeless people" and homeless people. The author presents a peculiar ritual of transition from "normal" life into a crisis of homelessness. The study involved 22 homeless people and was conducted in the form of free interview and graphic mapping of the "world map" modeled on the Maslow's pyramid of needs with particular emphasis on basic needs. The implementation of these needs as well as higher-order needs is carried out in an alternative way, different from the ones adopted in social norms.