Graphic Sources Research Articles

Virtual Reconstruction of Molodi Manor near Moscow: Research Sources, Methods and Technologies

This article describes virtual reconstruction of Molodi Manor near Moscow which has the status of a monument of federal significance. As research methods, the author uses 3D modeling technologies and restores the virtual appearance of the main building, the outbuilding of the barn and the surrounding park complex of the first half of the 19th century. The author uses such modern software as Autodesk 3ds Max, AutoCAD, CorelDRAW, AdobePhotoshop and some others. In addition to a detailed description of the process and modeling methods, the work also studies the history of the manor itself. The article is divided into three parts each reflecting separate stages of the research. The first one speaks about the history of Molodi Manor. The second part gives a brief description of the sources used to create a three-dimensional model of the manor complex understudy. Some particularly important graphic sources, in particular photographs, maps and drawings, are included in the article for illustrative purposes. The basis of the reconstruction is dimensional plans, sections and other drawings provided by the Central State Archive of Moscow Oblast. The third part deals with the practical stage of the research. It reveals methods and technologies for constructing the 3D model, tells the reader about the difficulties that the author inevitably faced in the process of virtual reconstruction. The research is carried out within the project of the Historical Information Science Department of Moscow State University aimed at reconstructing virtual appearance of Moscow Oblast manors.    

The Image of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in Czech History Textbooks

Abstract The analysis of the content of Czech history textbooks regarding Poland-Lithuania focuses on the origins of the freedoms enjoyed by the aristocracy under the Commonwealth, then moves to identifying references to the Polish kings and other major figures from the mid-fifteenth century to the end of the eighteenth century, key events during this period and specifically to the sections of the textbooks describing the demise of the Commonwealth. The use and function of written, iconographic, and graphic sources in presenting these topics was also taken into account. The textbooks do not devote as much attention to the Commonwealth of Poland as they do to the early beginnings of Polish statehood (which were closely associated with the Czech nation). Nor does this period in Polish history attract as much attention as the country’s twentieth-century history. Nevertheless, the textbooks do contain some key information—and in some cases more information than might be expected—on Polish history.

Репрезентация царских регалий в праздничном убранстве города в России. Эпоха Екатерины II

This article forms a part of an extended work dedicated to the representation of the symbols of power in the decoration for state celebratory and funereal ceremonies in 18th-century Russia. Reflecting the existing academic interest in the role of the Tsar’s regalia in the Russian art of the Imperial period as well as in the Russian festive and ceremonial culture, this line of research remains practically undeveloped in modern studies. The decoration of a city constitutes a unique phenomenon which amalgamates multiple spheres of creativity — from architectural to pyrotechnical — and allows us to explore the selected issues in a broad context, applying a multilevel approach. In 18th-century Russia it was influenced by the realities of Catherine’sreign, which passed under the aegis of the enlightened absolutism. Through the complex analysis of written and graphic sources, the article describes various forms of artistic embodiment of the power regalia in the second half of the 18th century revealing their semantic meaning as part of the written projects for triumphal constructions, fireworks, and illuminations. The comparisons have been drawn with the preceding period aswell as with other forms and genres of art marked by the panegyric style consequently raising some terminological issues. In general, relying on the existing tradition of the city’s ceremonial decoration, the reign of Catherine II expands the representational boundaries of the Tsar’s regalia, showcasing their new functions and meanings adopted in accordance with the development of the state myth of that time. The study of these innovations enriches our perception of the role played by the symbols of power in the national culture of Imperial Russia.

Remarks on the Proportions and Dimensions Used in the Design of the Medieval Church of Zsámbék

Since the 19th century, the church of Zsámbék was continuously a focus of scholars' interest. The present paper intends to research the church ruins with a new aspect. Using an accurate terrestrial laser scan survey, the geometry of the plan is analysed in order to find proportions among the dimensions. The main goal of the study is to gather information about the design logic of the first masters of the 13th-century Premonstratensian abbey. In addition, our goal was to detect contributions to the 13th-century construction history of the church, that cannot be found in archives of graphic sources. The latest archaeological excavation achieved excellent results concerning several crucial historical points; however, the periodization of the church is still not entirely clarified. From the 19th century, different scholars have proposed various hypotheses about this topic, without consensus.

Категория времени и концепция идеальной резиденции монарха в архитектуре Большого Ливадийского дворца

The paper describes the findings of some new historical and architectural surveys of the great Livadia Palace in H2 of the 19th — early 20th centuries. Belonging to the Russian monarchs — from Alexander II to Nicholas II — the building is a monument of architecture and the landmark of the palace and park ensemble in the Crimea. For the first time, the equal focus was given to the original and the new palace that replaced it and was built according to the designs of architects I.A. Monighetti (1866) and M.P. Krasnov (1911), a graphical comparative analysis of layouts was carried out. The author has used the newly discovered archival materials and graphic sources, which indicate the replacement of one palace by another and allow raising the question of similarity lines and fundamental differences between the architecture of the old and the new buildings, due to the content of the order and the unbiased historical course of time. The author dwells upon the interaction of the new art of symbolism in the early 20th century with the architectural texts of the past. She hypothesizes about the search for the artistic equivalent of existential perception of time in the architecture.

Petroglyphs of Mount Kremennaya and Problems of Their Chronology

The paper features rock art images of Kremennaya mountain, which is situated in the North-West part of Tepsey archeological microdistrict. The images were discovered by Kemerovo archeologists in 2015. The opening of the petroglyph site replenished the collection of graphic sources of one of the largest rock art sites of the Minusinsk Basin. It also revealed a completely new graphic tradition of the late Bronze Age. In total, four surfaces covered with rock carvings were found, i.e. 52 distinct figures. They are presumably related to the Karasuk and Tagar cultures. According to the stylistic characteristics of Bronze Age, at least two art traditions were distinguished in the context of Karasuk culture: "Wire" figures and "full-weight" silhouette characters). Similar images were found in other site of the Tepsey mountains. Excavations performed in the 1960s revealed that Tepsey archaeological microdistrict has both burial and settlement sites of two chronological stages of the Karasuk culture (XIII to XI centuries, BC). The images of Kremennaya mount provide a more detailed understanding of Tepsey, which is one of the largest rock art sites of Minusinsk basin.

Museum Exhibition as an Information Text of Intercultural Communication

The article deals with the analysis of museum exhibition as an information text of intercultural communication. We concentrated on the uniqueness of the museum’s language, which is based on graphic sources that do not have the ability to reproduce. We considered the museum exhibition as an informational text of culture, as “a semantic whole, which is an organized unity of its constituent elements. The museum can be called a kind of chronicle of the time, an intercultural communication system. Thus, we made the conclusion that the museum exhibition, representing a text of culture, involves several types of perception, interpretation, attitude towards oneself. The presence of these three “positions” is both a consequence and a guarantee of its existence. It is this fact that also defines a museum thing as a myth.

Color Description in Language and Culture (based on Russian-Hungarian dictionaries)

Introduction. Color description comparative analysis might be identified as an important research path of the contemporary language science. The article introduces the methods of Russian-Hungarian vocabulary color description including metaphorical semantics of the color. Due to the vastness of their use in intercultural communication, the relevance of the research is indisputable. It is also due to the interest of linguistics to the problem of the reflection of national culture in the semantics of color terms as a means of lexicographical fixation. The new areas in the work is the identification of the corpus of secondary color terms recorded in dictionaries, the selection of national-specific elements of color terms in the connotative aspects of semantics. Materials and Methods. The material for comparing categories of colors was the color names with the secondary meaning of color from the Russian-Hungarian dictionaries that were not studied in the linguistics. Comparative analysis helped to find the number of the color items, to investigate the correlation and to re-build the system of color to compare the color description in Russian and Hungarian languages. The work has been compiled from Russian-Hungarian dictionaries by Khadrovich & Galdi, Russian-Hungarian dictionaryby Galdi & Uzoni, which contain authoritative lexis and graphical sources as well as grammatical and stylistic commentary on each article. Results and Discussion. The research results in the common corpora of the color items found in Russian-Hungarian dictionaries (single-base words, complex-base words, collocations and idioms). Conclusion. The definition of the color items of color-marking vocabulary in Russian-Hungarian dictionaries showed the primary effect of general language mechanisms, which reflects the adequacy of the lexical color designation systems of the Russian and Hungarian languages. The general properties of color terms in these languages ​​are manifested in their systemic organization, ability to develop polysemy, while national specificity is manifested in the features of color-marking vocabulary. In case of discrepancy or absence of color terms in one of the languages, the compilers of dictionaries resorted to various methods of compensating for the expression of color. The development of compensatory means in the absence of color names in the target language also constitutes the national specificity of the color designation system.

Consideraciones acerca de las fuentes primarias que informan sobre la travesía de la Armada de Molucas por el estrecho de Magallanes

The vicissitudes of Ferdinand Magellan’s famous exploration and navigation enterprise enabled the circumnavigation of the globe between 1519 and 1522, were the reason why information about what occurred was initially insufficient though later it proved more satisfactory, although never as much as could be desired at the time and by posterity. The primary sources recount what happened at the time, both in documents originating during the voyage and immediately upon the return of the sole survivor of the five ships comprising the expedition’s fleet, along with the circumstances in which such information was obtained or was available. Similarly, the news collected and transmitted later by third parties was always based on reports or news provided by former crew members in a process of accumulation that has taken centuries. Both documentary, written and graphic sources including maps, as well as oral memory are considered as pertaining to the understanding of the formation of the archive collected around this transcendent historical activity.

Pentagons in Medieval Sources and Architecture

A range of entirely different pentagon approximations are known from textual and graphic sources related to the architecture of the Middle Ages. Analysis of the mathematical logic behind them highlights the scientific knowledge of master masons who directly calculated constructional methods according to their practical needs. From the examination of these pentagon approximations, their mathematical features, such as the initial data of the construction or precision of side lengths and angles, the range of architectural design problems they would have been able to solve can be determined. This paper provides an accurate comparison of mathematical and geometrical features of pentagon constructions from medieval sources, studying their applicability from an architectural aspect.

Tethering of Tamed and Domesticated Carnivores in Mosaics from the Roman and Byzantine Periods in the Southern Levant

Tamed and domesticated carnivores such as dogs, cheetahs and mongooses participated as search and chase aids to human hunting in different societies, during most of history, as attested by anthropological, literary or graphic sources. In order to impose human will on the animals, different tethering devices were developed, such as leashes, collars and harnesses. These devices significantly differ from others related to labour e.g. for hauling, riding or carry palanquins.During the Roman and Byzantine periods in the southern Levant, these animals and their restraining gear were depicted in hunting scenes on mosaic floors of churches, synagogues and private dwellings. These mosaics are discussed as evidence of everyday life. Therefore, this research analyzes the mechanism involved in translation of reality to images, the choice of hunting animals and their respective equipment as motifs represented on the mosaics, the differences between prestige and utilitarian hunts and the motivation behind the animal owner’s choices and preferences.

Frontiers and Fortlets in the Pampa Region, Argentina

Research on fortified military sites has been significant in Argentinean historical archaeology since its beginnings in the 1990s. This study of five mid-19th-century, contemporaneous outpost fortlets from the Southern Frontier area of the Pampa region exemplifies a new perspective on the traditional historical view focused on chronology and the definition of the military line of the frontier. It also improves the understanding of the fortlets by providing original interpretations regarding their materiality (settlement pattern, architecture, provision of goods and circulation, and social interaction, among others). Furthermore, archaeological perspectives have proven meaningful, not only in terms of material culture, but also in documentary research, by providing an anthropological interpretation of written and graphic sources, setting a new agenda for the study of fortlets and frontiers in the Pampa region.

Графічні джерела з історії північного Причорномор’я в архівних зібраннях.

The purpose of the publication is to study the structure of the complex of visual sources, preserved in archival institutions, illuminate the history of funding, defining their author’s and quantitative representation. On the basis of entire heuristics, iconographic and attribution methods, a complex of graphic sources on the history of the Northern Black Sea region of the last third of the XVIIIth – the middle of the nineteenth century was discovered.It was found out that the most complete collection of works on the history of the Northern Black Sea region of the last third of the 18th - the middle of the nineteenth century are funded in such archives as the National Library of France and the St. Petersburg Branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The collections in archival units of the Harvard and Warsaw University libraries, the State Hermitage and the State Archives of the Russian Federation contain less collection. In archival institutions the works of authorship of H. Munts, F. Dubois de Montpeure, Z. Volkonsky, S. Belichev are most preserved. The works of K. Bosso, A. Afanasyev, O. Di Paldo, military engineers, etc. are presented separately.It is noted that graphic sources have a low level of expression and aesthetic settings. Instead, they are overwhelmingly characterized by the desire to schematize compared to similar graphic sources stored in museums. The general iconographic analysis gives an opportunity to talk about the availability of informative potential of these graphic sources for the study the key elements of the everyday life of the population of Nadporozhzhia, the mountainous Crimea and Odessa.

Symbolica vitae Christi meditatio by Tomasz Treter as a 17th-Century Example of Emblematic Meditations. Graphic Sources and the Purpose of the Collection

Terminus » 2018 » Tom 20, zeszyt 4 (49) » Symbolica vitae Christi meditatio Tomasza Tretera jako siedemnastowieczna realizacja emblematycznych medytacji: źródła graficzne i zamysł zbioru A A A

554. Pueblos indígenas en la frontera bonaerense. Los asentamientos de “indios amigos” durante el siglo XIX

Durante los últimos años, las investigaciones de historia territorial han introducido un nuevo abordaje metodológico que articuló aspectos históricos clásicos con el uso crítico de fuentes documentales gráficas para el estudio del territorio de la provincia de Buenos Aires. De este modo, la organización del territorio -su poblamiento, la conformación física de pueblos, asentamientos o colonias, su subdivisión o sus representaciones cartográficas- puede examinarse a partir del análisis del plano o el mapa. Este trabajo aborda los procesos de construcción territorial en la pampa bonaerense durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, particularmente en torno a las modalidades de ocupación y reconocimiento de tierras –por parte del estado- a las tribus indígenas que habitaban en distintos sectores de la frontera sur y oeste.

“Zur Neuen Welt” — Towards the New World. Ludwig Mies and his Architectural Youth in Aachen

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe's personal and professional connections to his hometown Aachen in Germany are mostly unknown today. Through the analysis of both old and new written and graphic sources, the authors give an insight into Mies van der Rohe's lifelong bond to his hometown. In the personal friendships, his friends Ferdinand Goebbels and Franz Dominick play a key role. Furthermore, the paper presents previously unknown buildings that young Mies was working on in the office of Albert Schneiders around 1905. One of the buildings, the house “Zur Neuen Welt” for client Joseph Oeben, is still standing and represents a lively example of the stylistic search in architecture after the turn of the millennium, and an early step towards Mies van der Rohe's architectural maturity.

Cartografía y cartografía simbólica Las "Theses de Mathematicas, de Cosmographia e Hidrographia" de Vicente De Memije

Resumen Frente a la ruta que desde el siglo XVI enlazaba la Península Ibérica con las islas Filipinas, Vicente de Memije propuso en la Tesis presentada en Manila en 1761, una nueva ruta directa que bordeaba el Cabo de Hornos. Su texto se dedica al rey Carlos III a quien anima a continuar la tarea de evangelización de Asia de sus antecesores, partiendo para ello del archipiélago filipino, que ya desde el siglo XVI había servido de plataforma a las órdenes religiosas para llevar a cabo la conquista espiritual de las tierras asiáticas. También trata de demostrar la necesidad de establecer una cartografía hispánica basada en la medición de los grados de longitud hacia poniente, rechazando las medidas que distintos cosmógrafos habían otorgado a los dominios españoles y al Pacífico. La Tesis presenta como aparato gráfico dos estampas de gran valor científico y artístico. Para confeccionar la primera, firmada por Nicolás de la Cruz Bagay, acudió a diversas fuentes gráficas francesas, inglesas y holandesas, siendo limitadas las informaciones obtenidas en obras españolas. La segunda estampa aparece firmada por Laureano de Atlas y constituye una de las mejores creaciones de la cartografía simbólica.

Las causas y las consecuencias del incendio de 1951 en el monasterio de San Julián de Samos. Nuevos datos para su estudio

During the morning of 24th September 1951, a fire began in the monastery of San Julian de Samos (Lugo-Spain) and soon it was spread across its rooms. In the present article we propose, on the one hand, to analyze what were the causes of the beginning of the fire and, on the other hand, what were its consequences on the monastic architecture. In other words, we aim to know what was the state of the religious house at the end of the fi re, which took place on 26th September, and just before the beginning of the first works made to accomplish its restoration, two months later. In order to achieve these goals, we carry out the revision of the existing bibliography as well as the search of new documental written and graphic sources. The reading and detailed study of all of them allow us to contribute new data about the image of the monastery after this disaster and to accurately determine not only the remains but also the losses that this accidental event caused in this ancient monastic complex.

The opposition to the Brazilian dictatorship abroad through cartoons and caricatures (1964-1979)

Graphic humor can make a strong contribution to understanding the struggles between the state and other political forces whose words were limited by state repression in times of “emergency”. This struggle was also waged from exile, as cartoons published in international newspapers and magazines became strong weapons to expose crimes perpetrated by the military. Through a selection of satirical cartoons published by Marcha and Front Bresilien d’Information (FBI), this article examines the contributions of the iconographic analysis of graphic sources to understanding the image of the Brazilian dictatorship that the opposition – specially through the actions of the exiles – struggled to disseminate abroad. Keywords: graphic humor, repression, exile.

SUPPORTING PATIENT ACCESS TO CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION, INTERVENTIONS AND SURGERY: DEVELOPMENT OF A CLINICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROVINCIAL WAIT LIST MANAGEMENT TOOL

The monitoring of patient access and quality of cardiac care in British Columbia is supported by a web-based electronic cardiac information system which captures patients’ journey from referral for cardiac catheterization and surgery in a single clinical information structure. In the past year, this application has enabled significant improvement in patient access to cardiac procedures by providing accurate, real time and site-specific wait list data. Nurses play a pivotal role in health services and system management, utilize administrative and clinical data to monitor and coordinate patients’ access to procedures, promote patient safety, and optimize health resource utilization. We will present the software tool established to enhance provincial waitlist management and reporting for Cardiac Services BC (CSBC). We will describe the initial multidisciplinary project development and implementation. We will demonstrate the application’s use as a common numerical and graphic source of information for provincial waitlist management and planning that allows just-in-time decision-making. We will highlight the availability of transparent cardiac site activity, triage processes, queuing, provincial market share, procedure-specific pressures, and urgency reports. We will discuss the significant progress made in BC to improve triage coordination and optimize access to cardiac procedures enabled by nurses’ use of the wait list application. The implementation of real-time and retrospective accurate representations of wait times, volumes, and the availability of tailored reports has been a powerful tool for nurses to monitor access and waitlist process issues, and facilitate patients’ timely access to cardiac procedures in BC.