Graphic Properties Research Articles

Two-layer visual analytics of truckers’ risk-coping social network

Within organizations, managers’ specific responsibilities and domain expertise shape their interests in the output of social network analysis. Our proposed visualization approach is tailored to meet the operation-directed needs and preferences for visual analysis of specific tasks. This method prioritizes an overall geographical map with focal-contextual dynamics within the network. To enable a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of pinpointed focal areas, we customize an analytical framework for analyzing inter-community networks. We extract focal sub-networks from specific nodes to create graph visualization for detailed analysis, represent rich types of domain-specific graphic properties, and provide direct zoom+filtering interactions to allow easy pattern recognition and knowledge discovery. We applied our approach to visualizing the data from interactions among 300 city-based truck communities on the largest occupational platform for truckers in China. We also conduct a case study to demonstrate that our approach is effective in supporting managers’ network analysis and knowledge discovery.

Convergence of Communicative Components in Infographics

The purpose of the research is to establish the presence or absence of the phenomenon of convergence between visual components formed based on different ways of encoding information in infographic messages. Particular attention is focused on those cases when the above-mentioned differently coded elements can provide a synergistic effect or supplement and enrich the content through the interaction of different meanings, each of which is presented in the most optimal way that does not imitate the other. Research methods are analytical, logical-evaluative, systematic approach and method of structural-compositional analysis. The scientific novelty consists in proving the presence of the effect of convergence of meanings in infographics formed based on different codes and different communicative elements. It was revealed that infographic messages can use up to seven different ways of visual presentation of information differing in stylistic and technical-graphic properties. At the same time, it has been proved that minimising the number of different style components leads to the formation of the most effective visual messages. Such messages are better remembered and remain in the minds of recipients longer. Conclusions. The use of communicative elements with different technical, graphic and stylistic properties outside infographic messages, in most cases, leads to the destruction of meaningful unity and loss of consumer interest in the content of the message. On the contrary, in infographics, the structural organisation of information, compositional zoning, and the logical links’ presence between different groups of visual-symbolic forms ensure the integrity of information impact. However, it has been proved that such integrity requires either the preservation of a single optical centre of content or well-defined levels of content with accentuated visual transitions between them.

A Strong-flare Prediction Model Developed Using a Machine-learning Algorithm Based on the Video Data Sets of the Solar Magnetic Field of Active Regions

It is well accepted that the physical properties obtained from the solar magnetic field observations of active regions (ARs) are related to solar eruptions. These properties consist of temporal features that might reflect the evolution process of ARs, and spatial features that might reflect the graphic properties of ARs. In this study, we generated video data sets with timescales of 1 day and image data sets of the SHARP radial magnetic field of the ARs from 2010 May to 2020 December. For the ARs that evolved from “quiet” to “active” and erupted the first strong flares in 4 days, we extract and investigate both the temporal and spatial features of ARs from videos, aiming to capture the evolution properties of their magnetic field structures during their transition process from “quiet” (non–strong flaring) to “active” (strong flaring). We then conduct a comparative analysis of the model performance by video input and single-image input, as well as of the effect of the model performance variation with the prediction window up to 3 days. We find that for those ARs that erupted the first strong flares in 4 days, the temporal features that reflect their evolution from “quiet” to “active” before the first strong flares can be recognized and extracted from the video data sets by our network. These features turn out to be important predictors that can effectively improve strong-flare prediction, especially by reducing the false alarms in a nearly 2 day prediction window.

Rational polymer design for organic solar cells through similarity index-based data mining

In present work, machine learning models are trained for the prediction of energy levels. Two large databases are explored in the search of efficient building blocks. Three polymers are selected as standard. New building blocks are selected on the basis of similarity index. New polymers are designed by keep the synthetic aspects in mind. Their energy levels are predicted using machine learning. Few best polymers are selected for density functional theory-based analysis. Detailed electronic and graphic properties are calculated. This study is an attempt to highlight how data-driven strategies can help to find unique building blocks and designing new-polymers.

Three Propositions of the Milner-Welsh Theorem

Combinatorial method is a very effective method to study Karp conjecture. The combinatorial method was first used to prove that many graph properties are elusive. An important combinatorial technique developed during this period was summarized by Milner and Welsh as the Milner-Welsh Theorem, which has an important application in determining the complexity of decision trees of graphic properties. In this paper, we give two important propositions about the Milner-Welsh theorem, and use these propositions to judge the elusive of the connectivity of graphs.

Концепції етнодизайну при підготовці майбутніх дизайнерів у мистецьких закладах вищої освіти

The article highlights the essence of the concept «ethnodesign». Features of using ethnodesign tools in creative socio-cultural projects of artistic institutions by future and leading designers are considered. The following etnotematics are rethinking: national motives of folk culture, fine and decorative arts, architecture, interest in traditional decoration and colors. The author analyzes the concepts of ethnodesign and the specifics of its use in different time periods. Cosmopolitanism of design solutions and internationality of figurative language make design products understandable for the masses, regardless of religious, national, ideological, etc. Therefore, there is a need for national identity in society, the need to promote the product on the international market as a national brand, there is a rethinking of the reference to cultural heritage. In modern artistic institutions, ethnodesign encourages future designers to engage in creative, research, analytical, and cognitive activities.Modern ethnodesign should successfully combine elements of traditional decorative and applied art solutions, as well as a combination of aesthetically related colorful and graphic properties. Understanding the complexity of national traditions and bold experiments of design students shows the polystylistic variety of author's interpretations in the General line of postmodern ethnic romanticism. The ethnodesign inspires by folk art and ethnic motives. It is applied the stylistic and decorative techniques for folk art and crafts development in interior design, graphic works, landscape design, industrial design, and clothing design. Despite the freedom in global design, the national design space remains an insufficiently formed model of national design, so further development is a priority for Ukrainian design theorists and practitioners

Graph Theoretic Analysis Reveals Intranasal Oxytocin Induced Network Changes Over Frontal Regions

In this study, we aim to elucidate how intranasal oxytocin modulates brain network characteristics, especially over the frontal network. As an essential brain hub of social cognition and emotion regulation, we also explore the association between graphic properties of the frontal network and individual personality traits under oxytocin (OT) administration. Fifty-nine male participants administered intranasal OT or placebo were followed by resting-state fMRI scanning. The correlation-based network model was applied to study OT modulation effects. We performed community detection algorithms and conducted further network analyses, including clustering coefficient, average shortest path and eigenvector centrality. In addition, we conducted a correlation analysis between clustering coefficients and the self-assessed psychological scales. Modular organizations in the OT group reveal integrations of the frontoparietal network (FPN) and the default mode network (DMN) over frontal regions. Results show that frontal nodes within the FPN are characterized by lower clustering coefficients and higher average shortest path values compared to the placebo group. Notably, these modulation effects on frontal network property are associated with Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) fantasy value. Our results suggest that OT elevates integrations between FPN, DMN and limbic system as well as reduces small-worldness within the FPN. Our results support graph theoretic analysis as a potential tool to assess OT induced effects on the information integration in the frontal network.

Le lyrisme du détail dans The Cave de Steve Reich et Beryl Korot

In The Cave, the first of their two stage works, composer Steve Reich and video artist Beryl Korot attempt to shed new light, via an innovative multimedia installation, on the relationship between words and music, a central concern in opera. While Reich appropriates speech melodies for musical purposes, Korot focuses on the graphic properties of alphabetic writing; both pay close attention to details of typography or intonation, which leads them to explore new modes of lyricism arising not from the characters’ subjective responses to the plot, but from the experience of language as such.

Michel Chasles’ foundational programme for geometry until the publication of his Aperçu historique

In this paper, I propose the idea that the French mathematician Michel Chasles developed a foundational programme for geometry in the period 1827–1837. The basic concept behind the programme was to show that projective geometry is the foundation of the whole of geometry. In particular, the metric properties can be reduced to specific graphic properties. In the attempt to prove the validity of his conception, Chasles made fundamental contributions to the theory of polarity and also understood that a satisfactory development of projective geometry has to overcome the specificity of that theory itself. In this perspective, he developed his ideas on duality and homography, showing their dependence on the concept that he was going to pose at the basis of geometry: the anharmonic ratio, today called cross-ratio. The conceptual itinerary that starts from Chasles’ studies on polarity and ends with his results based on the cross-ratio represents the itinerary of his foundational programme. I will follow this complex and interesting line of thought, place it in the context of what was then called descriptive geometry, and outline a connection with the later great results of Von Staudt, Cayley, and Klein.

Alterations of Graphic Properties and Related Cognitive Functioning Changes in Mild Alzheimer's Disease Revealed by Individual Morphological Brain Network.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia that has slowly negative impacts on memory and cognition. With the assistance of multimodal brain networks and graph-based analysis approaches, AD-related network disruptions support the hypothesis that AD can be identified as a dysconnectivity syndrome. However, as the recent emerging of individual-based morphological network research of AD, the utilization of multiple morphometric features may provide a broader horizon for locating the lesions. Therefore, the present study applied the newly proposed individual morphological brain network with five commonly used morphometric features (cortical thickness, regional volume, surface area, mean curvature, and fold index) to explore the topological aberrations and their relationship with cognitive functioning alterations in the early stage of AD. A total of 40 right-handed participants were selected from Open Access Series of Imaging Studies Database with 20 AD patients (age ranged from 70 to 79, CDR = 0.5) and 20 age/gender-matched healthy controls. The significantly affected connections (p < 0.05 with FDR correction) were observed across multiple regions, both enhanced and attenuated correlations, primarily related to the left entorhinal cortex (ENT). In addition, profoundly changed Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score and global efficiency (p < 0.05) were noted in the AD patients, as well as the pronounced inter-group distinctions of betweenness centrality, global and local efficiency (p < 0.05) in the higher MMSE score zone (28–30), which indicating the potential role of graphic properties in determination of early-stage AD patients. Moreover, the reservations (regions in the occipital and frontal lobes) and alterations (regions in the right temporal lobe and cingulate cortex) of hubs were also detected in the AD patients. Overall, the findings further confirm the selective AD-related disruptions in morphological brain networks and also suggest the feasibility of applying the morphological graphic properties in the discrimination of early-stage AD patients.

Brand elongation effect

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test the brand elongation effect which is defined as the impacts of the aspect ratio of logo on consumers’ temporal property assessment and brand evaluation.Design/methodology/approachThis paper provides a theory with experiments.FindingsThe brand elongation effect that strip-shaped logos can make consumers perceive temporal property longer than square-shaped logos has been testified with three pairs fictional logos and one pair real-life one. The valence of temporal property moderates the effect on evaluation of temporal property. The perceived temporal length mediated the shape effect on brand evaluation only when the temporal property is important (vs unimportant) for the product.Research limitations/implicationsThis study only deals with the elongation effect of logos’ aspect ratio, without discussing the impact of color, angle/roundness or other graphic properties of logos on consumer attitudes.Practical implicationsThis study not only provides empirical supports to update brand logos but also further illustrates that some subtle properties of logos can result in influences that are both significant and substantial.Originality/valueThis research enriches the literature of branding and metaphorical cognition. The findings of this study provide direct implications for brand managers to design logos and manage multi-shape brand logos.

Construction of Individual Morphological Brain Networks with Multiple Morphometric Features.

In recent years, researchers have increased attentions to the morphological brain network, which is generally constructed by measuring the mathematical correlation across regions using a certain morphometric feature, such as regional cortical thickness and voxel intensity. However, cerebral structure can be characterized by various factors, such as regional volume, surface area, and curvature. Moreover, most of the morphological brain networks are population-based, which has limitations in the investigations of individual difference and clinical applications. Hence, we have extended previous studies by proposing a novel method for realizing the construction of an individual-based morphological brain network through a combination of multiple morphometric features. In particular, interregional connections are estimated using our newly introduced feature vectors, namely, the Pearson correlation coefficient of the concatenation of seven morphometric features. Experiments were performed on a healthy cohort of 55 subjects (24 males aged from 20 to 29 and 31 females aged from 20 to 28) each scanned twice, and reproducibility was evaluated through test–retest reliability. The robustness of morphometric features was measured firstly to select the more reproducible features to form the connectomes. Then the topological properties were analyzed and compared with previous reports of different modalities. Small-worldness was observed in all the subjects at the range of the entire network sparsity (20–40%), and configurations were comparable with previous findings at the sparsity of 23%. The spatial distributions of the hub were found to be significantly influenced by the individual variances, and the hubs obtained by averaging across subjects and sparsities showed correspondence with previous reports. The intraclass coefficient of graphic properties (clustering coefficient = 0.83, characteristic path length = 0.81, betweenness centrality = 0.78) indicates the robustness of the present method. Results demonstrate that the multiple morphometric features can be applied to form a rational reproducible individual-based morphological brain network.

Mohr Circle-based Graphical Vibration Analysis and Earthquake Response of Asymmetric Systems

The maximum seismic response of torsionally coupled plan asymmetric structures can be rationally visualized and computed through a Mohr Circle Response Spectrum Analysis (MCRSA). This is done combining the graphic modal properties of the torsional dynamic equations of motion with the structural earthquake demand in terms of a displacement spectrum as a function of the modal eigenvalues SD(ω2). A compact representation of the modal properties and of the response envelope is built and visualized in the Mohr plane. The maximum modal responses are then combined using a graphic adaptation of the SRSS and CCQ combination rules based on the elastic response spectrum. This Graphic Dynamic rule proves to be an effective response prediction tool, and is particularly suited to estimate the response of seismic base isolation systems.

Some properties of graphs constructed from 2-designs

Let D=(P,B) be any nontrivial nonsymmetric 2-(v, k, λ) design. In this paper we construct a connected, regular and bipartite graph, say IGv,b(D), from D. Some graphic properties of IGv,b(D) are investigated. In particular, the results in the paper bridges the equivalency between edge-transitivity of IGv,b(D) and flag-transitivity of D. With the equivalency, it is obtained that IGv,b(D) is a semisymmetric graph as long as D is a nonsymmetric flag-transitive 2-(v, k, λ) design.

Finitary and cofinitary gammoids

A gammoid is a matroid defined using linkability of vertex sets in a (possibly infinite) digraph. Related types of matroids are strict gammoids and transversal matroids, three aspects of which will be considered as follows.First, we investigate the interaction between matroid properties of strict gammoids and transversal matroids and graphic properties of the defining graphs. In particular, we characterize cofinitary strict gammoids and cofinitary transversal matroids among, respectively, strict gammoids and transversal matroids in terms of the defining graphs.The set of finite circuits of a matroid defines the finitarization matroid on the same ground set. A matroid is nearly finitary if every base can be extended to a base of the finitarization matroid by adding finitely many elements. Aigner-Horev et al. (2011) [6] raised the question whether the number of such additions is bounded for a fixed nearly finitary matroid. We answer this question positively in the classes of strict gammoids and transversal matroids.Piff and Welsh (1970) proved the classical result that a finite strict gammoid/transversal matroid is representable over any large enough field. In this direction, we prove that finitary strict gammoids and transversal matroids are representable over some field, and hence the cofinitary counterparts are thin sums representable, a new notion of representability introduced by Bruhn and Diestel (2011).

‘Vertical Montage’ and Synaesthesia

This article analyses Sergei Eisenstein’s audiovisual theory through an examination of music–image relations in Alexander Nevsky (1938). In the process, it charts the relationship between Eisenstein’s earlier montage theory, which was based on conflict, and his later ideas on synaesthesia and synthesis, whereby the relationship between image and music is theorised on the level of movement , or the generalised outline and structure that binds musical phrasing to the graphic properties in the image. The article also demonstrates how Sergei Prokofiev’s orchestral score complicates and enhances our understanding of Eisenstein’s theory and practice of vertical montage, revealing aspects of Nevsky ’s sophisticated audiovisual structure that are unaccounted for in Eisenstein’s own writings.

Graphic Objects and their Contribution to the Image of the City

This paper explores the relationship between graphic objects and urban environments by adopting a critical stance towards the notion of image in the image of the city. It challenges the emphasis on image as a multi-sensory mental construct by revealing it to have different meanings in diverse disciplinary contexts. In exposing how a miscellaneous range of objects cited in the literature lacks cohesion and sense of function, the urban graphic object is introduced and illustrated as a pervasive epistemic phenomenon. Understanding urban graphic objects expands established ideas about legibility and how urban objects have intended and unintended graphic properties. Through considering the function of graphic communication within the function of cities and urban places, the paper introduces a framework for considering graphic design as urban design and graphic objects as urban objects.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Historical Architectures in Huizhou with GIS Technology

This paper presents that while evaluating historical architectures in Huizhou, researchers should have a full consideration of their layout character of relatively concentrated, place these point-form historical architectures into line-form and surface-form architecture groups, then build a more perfect and scientific three-dimensional evaluation method. It also shows that firstly researchers could use GIS technology to associate graphic data, properties and image data of selected historical architectures in Huizhou; secondly researchers can finish information integration and realize the scientific grading and classification of the architectures by weighting, quantizing and analyzing the evaluation information of these architectures; and finally finish the database under the help of GIS.

A Hybrid CPU-GPU Accelerated Framework for Fast Mapping of High-Resolution Human Brain Connectome

Recently, a combination of non-invasive neuroimaging techniques and graph theoretical approaches has provided a unique opportunity for understanding the patterns of the structural and functional connectivity of the human brain (referred to as the human brain connectome). Currently, there is a very large amount of brain imaging data that have been collected, and there are very high requirements for the computational capabilities that are used in high-resolution connectome research. In this paper, we propose a hybrid CPU-GPU framework to accelerate the computation of the human brain connectome. We applied this framework to a publicly available resting-state functional MRI dataset from 197 participants. For each subject, we first computed Pearson’s Correlation coefficient between any pairs of the time series of gray-matter voxels, and then we constructed unweighted undirected brain networks with 58 k nodes and a sparsity range from 0.02% to 0.17%. Next, graphic properties of the functional brain networks were quantified, analyzed and compared with those of 15 corresponding random networks. With our proposed accelerating framework, the above process for each network cost 80∼150 minutes, depending on the network sparsity. Further analyses revealed that high-resolution functional brain networks have efficient small-world properties, significant modular structure, a power law degree distribution and highly connected nodes in the medial frontal and parietal cortical regions. These results are largely compatible with previous human brain network studies. Taken together, our proposed framework can substantially enhance the applicability and efficacy of high-resolution (voxel-based) brain network analysis, and have the potential to accelerate the mapping of the human brain connectome in normal and disease states.

Effective Graphic Features for Multivariate Symbol Mapping

Various patterns of cartographic multivariate symbols (MSs) have been developed to work efficiently with objective symbol mapping. One such MS pattern is composed of a graph that uses spatial data to represent statistical data. A preliminary study revealed major problems with users’ perceptions and understanding of the symbol. These problems present obstacles to the presentation objectives. We are therefore interested in studying the human factors that contribute to the visual perception of graph symbols. We predict that the graph symbols currently in use are too complex for viewers to fully understand what they are intended to represent. This research aims to study the mechanisms and behaviours of human visual perception that are necessary to understand cartography MSs and to determine a more effective prototype symbol that presents and conveys information to viewers more efficiently. The prototype design is based on a basic cartographic symbol and includes the characteristics and properties of the original patterns of graph symbols via a study of their pros and cons. Graphic structures and properties were modified to create a more effective symbol.