Granite Aggregate Research Articles

Effect of Thermal Properties of Aggregates on the Mechanical Properties of High Strength Concrete under Loading and High Temperature Conditions.

The effect of the thermal properties of aggregates on the mechanical properties of high-strength concrete was evaluated under loading and high-temperature conditions. For the concrete, granite was selected as a natural aggregate, and ash-clay and clay as lightweight aggregates. The mechanical properties of the concrete (stress–strain, compressive strength, elastic modulus, thermal strain, and transient creep) were evaluated experimentally under uniform heating from 20 to 700 °C while maintaining the load at 0, 20, and 40% of the compressive strength at room temperature. Experimental results showed that the concrete containing lightweight aggregates had better mechanical properties, such as compressive strength and elastic modulus, than that of the concrete with a granite aggregate at high temperature. In particular, the concrete containing lightweight aggregates exhibited high compressive strength (60–80% of that at room temperature) even at 700 °C. Moreover, the concrete containing granite exhibited a higher thermal strain than that containing lightweight aggregates. The influence of the binding force under loaded conditions, however, was found to be larger for the latter type. The transient creep caused by the loading was constant regardless of the aggregate type below 500 °C but increased more rapidly when the coefficient of the thermal expansion of the aggregate was above 500 °C.

Strength and durability studies on air cured alkali activated pavement quality concrete mixes incorporating recycled aggregates

There is a huge demand for managing the disposable desecrates generated as Construction and Demolition (C&D) wastes due to the increased growth of the construction sector in developing countries. The recycled aggregates utilized in this study were procured from one of such demolished building sites. The present investigation endeavours a detailed assessment of the performance of pavement quality Activated Concrete (PQAAC) mixes utilizing the recycled aggregates as a replacement to the conventional granite stone aggregates. The PQAAC specimens developed were subjected to air-curing and the strength-durability performances were studied and presented in this paper. Initially, PQAAC mixes are designed (adopting standard methods of mix design) to a strength grade of M-40 using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) and fly ash (FA) as cementing materials by maintaining weight ratios of 75:25. At regular intervals, the conventional granite coarse aggregates (CAG) were replaced with recycled concrete coarse aggregates (CAR) till 100%, and the mechanical strengths in terms of compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths were investigated. Based on the results, the selected mixes were subjected to durability studies (i.e., Prolonged strength, VPV and SWA, acid and sulphate attack tests) and the microstructure studies. Compressive strength of 50 MPa and flexural strength of 4.72 MPa was achieved for C-50 at 28 days. However, the use of CAR after some limits may prove detrimental to the quality of concrete in the long run, as the durability results have shown a comparatively lesser performance while compared with the controlled mix (C-0). Hence, the test results clearly indicate that the inclusion of CAR may be proven to be helpful in producing a desirable quality of pavement quality concretes up to a limited extent of 50%. Thus, the use of PQAAC mixes in the association of CAG and CAR is considered to be one of the eco-friendly solutions to the associated disposal problems of construction and demolition wastes.

On the mechanical characteristics of fiber reinforced polymer concrete

Polymer Concrete (PC) is a composite material made by fully replacing the cement hydrate binders of conventional cement concrete with polymer binders or liquid resins. As expected, the physico-mechanical properties of PC concrete are governed by the composition of the PC mixture. The present study aims to examine the effect of the aggregate type and of the addition of steel fibers on the mechanical properties of PC. In particular, two PC concrete mixtures, using granite or silica aggregates, have been developed and the effect of the addition of steel fibers has been investigated. The PC mixtures are characterized by mechanical tests such as the compression test, the flexural test, the splitting tensile test and the estimation of the energy absorption. The results of this study demonstrate a relative superiority, in terms of mechanical properties, of the PC made with granite aggregates as compared to that of the silica aggregate mixture. Moreover, the addition of steel fibers on PC mixtures showed a significant increase of the compressive toughness, of the splitting tensile and of the flexural strength, whereas the Young

Comparative study on permanent deformation in asphalt mixtures from indirect tensile strength testing and laboratory wheel tracking

For an asphalt mixture to present rutting resistance, it must have a high shear strength. In an abbreviated protocol, the shear strength of an asphalt mixture can be estimated in the laboratory through the indirect tensile (IDT) strength test and the unconfined compression test, using the Mohr-Coulomb failure theory. So, taking advantage of the simplicity of the IDT test, this research investigated whether the other relationships between stress and strain, derived from the indirect tensile strength test, also demonstrated the potential to explain the shear strength of an asphalt mixture. The correlation between the mechanical properties observed in the stress–strain curve of the asphalt concrete under the indirect tensile strength test and parameters of accumulated permanent deformation with the French wheel tracker was analyzed. The research was conducted with two types of binders and three gradations of granitic aggregates (small, medium, and intermediate) within the same maximum nominal size range adopted by airport agencies, totaling six types of asphalt mixtures. After the Marshall mix design, the mixtures were mechanically tested with a wheel track device. A SUPERPAVE mix design was conducted with two of these mixtures to obtain the Flow Number parameters. Finally, a good relationship was established between the indirect tensile strength test and permanent deformation, using tensile yield modulus and the ratio between total dissipated tensile and compressive energies. The interaction between the two situations predicted by the biaxial stress test (tensile and compression), mainly by the relations between dissipated and recoverable energies and by the tensile parameters, allowed an inference about the shear strength of the material.

Enhancing the Flexural Strength of Concrete using Recycled Iron and Steel Slag Aggregate

Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension hence, considerable effort is required to improve concrete’s tensile strength by the use of pre-stressed concrete and addition of admixtures or additives. In this study, the use of recycled iron and steel slag (RISS) aggregate to improve the tensile strength of concrete was considered. The paper assessed the mineralogical composition of RISS and granite aggregates, and gradation. It also determines the effects of RISS aggregate on the flexural strength of concrete beams of 150 × 150 × 600 mm containing 0, 10, 20, 40 and 60% RISS aggregate replacement in mix ratios 1:1½:3, 1:2:4 and 1:3:6 with water cement ratios 0.65,0.60 and 0.55 respectively. Diffractograph of RISS and granite aggregate showed that RISS contains Magnetite, Ilmenite and Quartz, while granite contains Quartz, Annite, Microcline and Albite as the predominant minerals. The coefficient of uniformity and concavity of RISS and granite aggregate for maximum aggregate size of 37.5 mm are 4.35 and 1.33; and 4.64 and 1.76 respectively. Both aggregates contain quartz as the predominant mineral and are well graded. The result of the Flexural strength at 28 days curing is within 0.135 – 0.250 MPa specified byBS8500 – 2:2015. Flexural strength of concrete beams cast with RISS aggregate is relatively higher than concrete cast with granite aggregate. Flexural strength, a measure of tensile strength of concrete is improved as percentage RISS aggregate increased.

Quick-traffic slurry surfacing mix with orthophosphoric acid

Abstract Bitumen emulsions for slurry surfacing mix technology using oxidized bitumen and hydrochloric and orthophosphoric acids on laboratory DenimoTech bitumen-emulsion plant are made in the work. Methylene blue adsorption index of granite aggregate for use in slurry surfacing mix was investigated. Comparatively mix time and cohesion strength build-up of selected compositions slurry surfacing mix with hydrochloric and orthophosphoric acids depending on the variable content of bitumen emulsion. The advantage of using orthophosphoric acid in slurry surfacing mix according to the cohesion strength build-up criterion has been proved. The importance of correct distribution of bitumen drops in the emulsion was confirmed using a sedimentograph Mastersizer 2000. Two emulsions of the same component composition were compared, which differed in particle size. It has been established that it is not possible to design a slurry surfacing mix using the mix time criterion with the help of coarse bitumen emulsion.

Influence of nano-silica on the microstructural and mechanical properties of high-performance concrete of containing EAF aggregate and processed quarry dust

The present study investigates nano-silica (NS) in ternary binder composite and the influence of the same on Electrical Arc Furnace (EAF) slag coarse aggregate-based various high-performance concrete (HPC) mixes. Processed Quarry Dust (PQD) was used as fine aggregate throughout the investigation to limit the consumption of natural river sand and make HPC more sustainable. Control HPC was designed using the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)- Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) binary binder and various replacement levels of natural crushed granite rock aggregate by EAF coarse aggregate. Additionally, the binary binder composite was added with colloidal nano-silica to achieve high strength HPC. A microstructure study was carried out on paste samples of OPC, OPC with GGBS, and OPC, GGBS with the inclusion of nano-silica. FESEM, EDX, XRD, FTIR, and TGA results showed that the addition of nano-silica has significantly enriched the microstructure characteristics of the binder system. The slump flow of HPC mixes decreased drastically with the inclusion of nano-silica and EAF aggregate. Mechanical properties viz., compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity of HPC mixes containing EAF and nano-silica have exhibited superior results due to the synergetic effect of nano-silica as well as the more robust physical characteristics of EAF aggregate compared to natural crushed granite rock aggregate. The UPV values and water absorption tests have shown that nano-silica positively affects the binder composite system.

The influences of granite industry waste on concrete properties with different strength grades

The use of granite industry waste as a mixing material of concrete reduces not only the natural aggregate consumption, but also the solid waste disposal problems. This paper addresses the influences of recycled granite aggregate on the concrete properties. Both the low- (20 MPa) and high- (50 MPa) strength concretes were investigated for various sand replacing proportions with granite particles (namely up to 50 % by weight). The tests showed the concrete compressive strength was not affected by the inclusion of granite wastes as compared to conventional concrete. The results on the other hand revealed the reduction of concrete tensile strength with the 50 % proportion of granite wastes, where the effects were more pronounced in the low-strength concrete. The presence of granite particles also dropped the fresh concrete workability. The microstructure images of the granite waste concrete revealed the weakened interfacial transition zone between cement paste matrix and aggregate.

Evaluation of a biofuel residue-derived recycling agent with a low carbon footprint

Protecting environment, conserving natural resources by recycling and replacing non-renewable materials with renewable ones, reducing material cost, and utilizing sustainable processes are actively pursued by asphalt industry. Consistent with those efforts, Recycling Agents (RAg) with different technologies have been introduced which allow using high amounts of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in construction of new pavements. RAgs, depending on their type and chemical composition, affect the mechanical properties of the asphalt binders differently. This study was undertaken to characterize effectiveness of using a relatively new plant-based RAg produced from biofuel residue in a low-carbon footprint process when used in asphalt binder blends containing a high amount of RAP. Effects of using different amounts of RAg, namely 0, 4, 6, and 8% (by binder weight) incorporated in a blend of a PG 58-28 containing 30% laboratory-simulated RAP binder (RAPsb) on binder blends’ rheological properties were studied by testing them in a dynamic shear rheometer and a bending beam rheometer and by conducting Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) tests. In addition, effect of using RAg by its optimum dosage in a blend of PG 58-28 binder containing 30% RAPsb on its adhesion with granite and quartzite aggregates and moisture-induced damage was characterized. As a result, a Superpave grade of PG 58-34 was found to be achievable by incorporating 4% RAg in a blend of PG 58-28 and 30% RAPsb. Also, incorporating 4% RAg in a blend of PG 58-28 and 30% RAPsb improved the fatigue resistance of the RAPsb-laden binder to an extent which exceeded that of the neat PG 58-28. Furthermore, an elastic recovery response significantly higher than and a non-recoverable creep response equivalent to those observed in neat PG 58-28 were achieved by incorporating 4% RAg in a blend of PG 58-28 and 30% RAPsb, both having an MSCR grade of PG 58S. Finally, an overall improvement in resistance to moisture damage in PG 58-28 binder containing 30% RAPsb with granite and quartzite was observed as a result of incorporating 4% RAg in the blend.

Retraction Note: Compressive strength and durability properties of ceramic wastes based concrete

This paper presents an experimental study on the properties and on the durability of concrete containing ceramic wastes. Several concrete mixes possessing a target mean compressive strength of 30 MPa were prepared with 20% cement replacement by ceramic powder (W/B = 0.6). A concrete mix with ceramic sand and granite aggregates were also prepared as well as a concrete mix with natural sand and coarse ceramic aggregates (W/B = 0.5). The mechanical and durability performance of ceramic waste based concrete are assessed by means of mechanical tests, water performance, permeability, chloride diffusion and also accelerated aging tests. Results show that concrete with partial cement replacement by ceramic powder although it has minor strength loss possess increase durability performance. Results also shows that concrete mixtures with ceramic aggregates perform better than the control concrete mixtures concerning compressive strength, capillarity water absorption, oxygen permeability and chloride diffusion. The replacement of cement and aggregates in concrete by ceramic wastes will have major environmental benefits.

Enhanced Dry Process Method for Modified Asphalt Containing Plastic Waste

In recent years, the proliferation of plastic waste has become a global problem. A potential solution to this problem is the dry process, which incorporates plastic waste into asphalt mixtures. However, the dry process often has inconsistent performance due to poor interaction with binder and improper distribution of plastic waste particles in the mixture skeleton. This inconsistency may be caused by inaccurate mixing method, shredding size, mixing temperature and ingredient priorities. Thus, this study aims to improve the consistency of the dry process by comparing the control asphalt mixture and two plastic waste-modified asphalt mixtures prepared using the dry process. This study used crushed granite aggregate with the nominal maximum aggregate size of 14 mm whereas the shredded plastic bag is in the range of 5–10 mm. Quantitative sieving analysis and performance tests were carried out to examine the effects of plastic waste added into the asphalt mixture. The volumetric and performance properties combined with image analysis of the modified mixtures were obtained and compared with the control mixture. In addition, the moisture damage, resilient modulus, creep deformation and rutting were evaluated. This study also highlighted in detail the distribution of plastic particles in the final skeleton of the asphalt mixture. Based on the analysis, an enhanced dry process of mixing procedure was proposed and evaluated. Results showed that the addition of plastic particles using the conventional dry process leads to the deviation in the aggregate structure as high plastic content is added. Furthermore, the enhanced dry process developed in this study presents substantial enhancement in the asphalt performance, particularly with plastic waste that accounts for 20% of the weight of the asphalt binder.

Dynamic properties of granite rock employed as coarse aggregate in high-strength concrete

The dynamic properties of a granite rock employed in crushed form as coarse aggregate in high-strength concrete, were experimentally characterised, and the average values obtained were assumed to be representative of the properties of the coarse aggregate. Cylindrical specimens were core-drilled from the granite rock, then cut into various lengths for different tests, i.e. static and dynamic uniaxial compression, as well as static and dynamic splitting tension (Brazilian tests). From the data obtained, the effects of strain rate on the mechanical properties (e.g. stress-strain relationship, tensile and compressive strengths) were analysed. Significant rate dependence was observed for both tensile and compressive responses, and this was quantified via a dynamic increase factor (DIF, the ratio between the dynamic and static strength). For compression, the DIF follows the CEB-FIP 2010 equation frequently used to describe the rate sensitivity of normal-strength concrete. The tensile response shows a stronger rate dependence than the compressive response, and its DIF deviates from predictions based on the CEB-FIP equation, which underestimates the tensile DIF, and defines a much higher strain rate at which transition from a gradual to a rapid increase in the DIF occurs. An empirical DIF formula, derived from fitting of experimental data, is proposed to describe the tensile rate sensitivity. Apart from experimental characterisation, efforts were also directed at identifying a constitutive model to describe the dynamic behaviour of the granite coarse aggregate, and the Johnson-Holmquist 2 (JH-2) model, commonly used to capture the impact response of brittle materials (e.g. rock, ceramic) was chosen. The dynamic tensile and compressive properties obtained from experiments, were employed to determine the material parameters in the JH-2 model. Finite element modelling of the dynamic compression and splitting tension tests was performed, using the JH-2 model and the material constants derived, to describe the behaviour of the granite specimen. The simulation results correlate well with experimental measurements.

Simple Design Solution for Harsh Operating Conditions: Redesign of Conveyor Transfer Station with Reverse Engineering and DEM Simulations

This paper addresses the problem of conveyor transfer station design in harsh operating conditions, aiming to identify and eliminate a failure phenomenon which interrupts aggregate supply. The analyzed transfer station is located in a Polish granite quarry. The study employs laser scanning and reverse engineering methods to map the existing transfer station and its geometry. Next, a discrete element method (DEM) model of granite aggregate has been created and used for simulating current operating conditions. The arch formation has been identified as the main reason for breakdowns. Alternative design solutions for transfer stations were tested in DEM simulations. The most uncomplicated design for manufacturing incorporated an impact plate, and a straight chute has been selected as the best solution. The study also involved identifying areas of the new station most exposed to wear phenomena. A new transfer point was implemented in the quarry and resolved the problem of blockages.

Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete under Elevated Temperature

Apart from many advantages, High Strength Concrete (HSC) has disadvantages in terms of brittleness and poor resistance to fire. Various studies suggest that when polypropylene (PP) fibers are uniformly distributed within concrete, they play an active role in improving spalling resistance of concrete when exposed to elevated temperature while having no adverse effect on its mechanical properties. Therefore, there is a necessity to quantify the effect of the addition of polypropylene fibers in terms of the fiber dosage, the strength of the concrete, and the residual mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced concrete under exposure to high temperature from fire. The study was carried out on three water/cement (w/c) ratios (0.47, 0.36 & 0.20) using granite aggregate for determining short term mechanical properties of Polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete in comparison to control mix. The experimental program includes 100 × 200 mm & 150 x 300 mm cylinders with fiber volume of 0.5%, that were subjected to temperatures exposures of 400 °C and 600 °C for durations of 1 hour. From the results, it was observed that no significant enhancement in mechanical properties such as modulus of elasticity, Poisson’s ratio, split tensile strength, flexural strength, and compressive

Effect of particle size and composition of granitic sands on the radiological behaviour of mortars

Although primarily deemed to be an ornamental stone, granite may also be ground into fines for use in cement mortars, where it exhibits high strength and durability. Both the 40K present in the stone and the natural decay series of its uranium, thorium and actinium components exhibit high activity concentrations. An understanding is therefore needed of the correlation among the different particle sizes in granite aggregate to assess their contribution to a mortar's activity concentration index (ACI). This study analyses the variation in ACI with particle size in three types of granite based on the chemical, mineralogical and radiological characterisation of five size fractions. The activity concentrations of the thorium and uranium natural decay series were highest in the finest fractions. A correlation was observed between thorium and the MgO and Fe2O3 normally present in mica group phyllosilicates. In two of the three granites, the mortars prepared with the smallest size particles had ACI values >1.

Effect of coarse aggregate mineralogy on micro-texture deterioration and polished stone value

The objective of the study presented in the paper is to identify the mineralogical parameters that influence both micro-texture deterioration and Polished Stone Value (PSV), which are the two most important properties of the aggregates that control the pavement skid resistance. The study was carried out on fourteen sources of aggregates which belong to either igneous or metamorphic rock category, the two most commonly used aggregate categories for surface course mixtures in India. PSV of aggregates was determined as per BS EN 1097-8: 2009. To investigate the progressive extent of polishing, the British Pendulum Number (BPN) of the aggregate was determined after every hour of polishing. Simultaneously, the mineralogical parameters were also obtained based on the microscopic observations of the thin sections of the aggregates. From accelerated polishing tests, it was observed that igneous aggregates, especially granites, were found to have relatively high PSV and good polishing resistance. Nevertheless, granite aggregates with altered minerals witnessed poor polishing resistance. Correlation analysis on the combined data for igneous and metamorphic aggregates suggested that the mineralogical parameters such as Relative Hardness (RHD) of aggregates, Differential Hardness (DH) between major minerals within the aggregate, and degree of alteration (DA) influence micro-texture deterioration rate (BPN3-BPN6). PSV showed a good correlation with RHD and DH. It was also noted that altered granite aggregates of igneous type significantly influenced the correlation. In general, it was observed that fundamental mineralogical parameters can better predict BPN3-BPN6 than PSV.

Optimization of Process Parameters of Epoxy Granite for Strength and Damping Characteristics Using TOPSIS Method

Abstract The main requirements for machine tool structures are higher damping, stiffness, and dimensional stability and low thermal expansion coefficient. Compared with cast iron (CI), stone-based polymer composite provides improved damping characteristics, because of which it is being considered as an alternate material for machine tool structures in recent research. In this work, process parameters of epoxy granite (EG) composite were optimized using the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method to obtain optimum strength characteristics. The effect of process parameters, namely curing time (A), aggregate mass fraction (B), aggregate size mix (C), curing temperature (D), and stirring speed (E) on static and dynamic characteristics of EG composite were investigated. An analysis of variance test was performed to identify the significant process parameters with a confidence level of 95 %. The predicted process parameters are verified through confirmatory tests, which showed an improved preference value of 0.0948. To obtain optimum strength properties, the recommended optimum process parameters are found to be A = 12 h, B = 0.8, C = aggregate size mix 1, D = 40°C, and E = 90 r/min. Experimental modal analysis also revealed that the damping factor of EG composite with aggregate mass fraction B = 0.8 is 10 times higher than that of CI. Morphological analysis of EG composite using a field emission scanning electron microscope showed that granite aggregates are uniformly distributed with better epoxy bonding characteristics.

Mechanical properties stability of Jinan black granite particulate-filled polymer composite at different temperatures

Particulate-filled polymer composite (PFPC) consists of Jinan black granite aggregate, fly ash (FA) and epoxy resin matrix. For its outstanding properties, PFPC captured enormous research interests in the structural engineering. Nevertheless, applications of PFPC in structural engineering are constrained due to its mechanical properties instability when it subjected to temperature variation. In this investigation, the effects of temperature on the mechanical properties and damage mechanism of PFPC were investigated systematically by a single factor test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and element analysis. The mechanical properties of PFPC were measured after the PFPC was treated in different temperatures for 1 h. Compared with PFPC at 0 ℃, the compressive strength and flexural strength of the PFPC which the temperature is 80 ℃ decreased by 46.29 % and 52.12 %, respectively. The experimental result also showed that the failure mode of PFPC changed from aggregate fracture into interface failure with the increasing temperature. Accordingly, the aggregate was treated by sodium hydroxide to increase its surface roughness, and further to increase the interface bonding strength between aggregate and resin matrix. Furthermore, the effects of surface treatment of aggregate on the mechanical properties stability of PFPC exposed to the elevated temperatures was also explored. This research is of great significance to reveal the failure mechanism of PFPC at elevated temperature, enhance the mechanical properties stability of PFPC, or further broaden the applied range of PFPC.

Influence of Polypropylene, Glass and Steel Fiber on the Thermal Properties of Concrete.

The variety of approaches to tackle climate change reflects the size of this global problem. No technology will act as a panacea to cure the greenhouse gas emissions problem, but new building materials with byproducts or even wastes have the potential to play a major role in reducing the environmental impacts of the building sector. In this study, three potential solutions of concrete with dispersed reinforcement in the form of recycled fibers (polypropylene, glass and steel) were examined. The aim is to present a detailed analysis of the thermal properties of new building materials in an experimental approach. Concrete mixtures were prepared according to a new, laboratory-calculated recipe containing granite aggregate, a polycarboxylate-based deflocculant, Portland cement (52.5 MPa) and fibers. This experimental work involved three different contents of each fiber (0.5%, 0.75% and 1.0 wt.%), and all tests were carried after the complete curing cycle of concrete (28 days).

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AND FLEXURAL RIGIDITY OF EPOXY GRANITE COMPOSITE MATERIAL

In Egypt, large quantities of coarse granite wastes are produced annually during the quarrying operations of granite rocks. This waste represents a potentially useful source of material for a variety of applications such as a filler material in epoxy granite composite material. In this work a new eco-friendly composite material studied as a substitute for machine tools traditional materials, like cast iron, to produce better efficiency with lower cost. This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of granite epoxy composite by using the local epoxy (kemapoxy 150) and the granite residues in the Egyptian quarries. The investigated processing variable was epoxy content, and the mechanical characterization ware carried out by compressive and flexural tests according to the ASTM standard method B. Commercially available, Aswan red granite was procured, crushed, and sieved to three size ranges from 0.150 to 8 mm, respectively. Epoxy ratios of 80:20, 85:15 have been used with granite aggregate size mix with small, medium, and coarse size proportions of 50:25:25 respectively for preparing the specimens with granite granular size range (0.150-8) mm. The results show that Epoxy granite composite with granite to epoxy ratio of 80:20% wt. induced the highest compressive strength (72.15 MPa) while the composite with the ratio of 85:15% wt. induced the highest flexural strength (20.1 MPa). Epoxy granite composite show superior results with respect to cement concrete, polyester concrete, and natural granite.