Grangea Maderaspatana Research Articles

Evaluation of antinociceptive and antirheumatic activity of Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir. using experimental models.

Introduction:Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir. (Asteraceae), a popular Indian medicinal plant is traditionally used for rheumatism in the knee joint and pain in the muscles.Aim:To investigate antinociceptive and antirheumatic activity of G. maderaspatana (L.) Poir. using experimental models.Materials and Methods:Antinociceptive activity of methanolic extract of G. maderaspatana (L.) Poir. (GMME) (500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated in rats using tail flick test. Anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity of GMME (1000 mg/kg, p.o.) was evaluated using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)- induced arthritis models. The degree of arthritis was evaluated by hind paw swelling, body weight changes, arthritic index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF), and C-reactive protein (CRP) supported by histopathology of ankle joints.Results:GMME treatment showed a significant increase in the latency for tail flick and provided significant protection against carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. 21 days treatment of GMME significantly inhibited paw edema found to be induced by arthritis by CFA in rats. Further, GMME treatment also reversed arthritic index and loss of body weight and reduced CFA-induced rise of ESR, RF, and CRP significantly in rats. Histopathological study of ankle joint revealed that GMME inhibited edema formation and cellular infiltration induced by CFA.Conclusions:GMME possesses antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antirheumatic activities.

Pre-harvest Weeds of a Wheat Field at Biratnagar, Nepal

Sixty eight species of weeds belonging to 22 families and 59 genera were recorded from a wheat field at Biratnagar during the pre-harvest condition. Based on species prevalence the dominant weed families were Asteraceae (17 species), Poaceae (13 species) and Fabaceae (6 species). Anagallis arvensis, Crepis japonica, Grangea maderaspatana, Polygonum plebeium were abundant and Fumaria indica, Leucas lavandulifilia, Rumex dentatus, Vicia angustifolia, V. hirsuta and V. tetrasperma were common species of weeds. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/on.v11i2.9597 Our Nature 2013, 11(2): 187-191

The impact, uses, and ecological role of agrestals in two selected agroecosystems of Eastern India

Agricultural fields contain some small plants (weeds) which are known as agrestals. Generally, weeds are perceived as unwanted intruders in agro-ecosystems that compete for resources, reduce yields, and force the use of human labor and technology to prevent crop losses; but not all weeds are undesirable. Some weeds act as valuable agro-ecosystem components. They serve as nutritious foods, and important sources of fodder and medicine. Certain weeds may limit insect damage to crops. These beneficial effects indicate that weeds are not just agricultural pests, but can also play beneficial roles in the human society. So, the main objective of the study is to know about the beneficial agrestals of the district and their roles. Detailed field surveys were made in different blocks of the district to collect data about agrestals and their usefulness. These fields contain various medicinal plants such as Solanum nigrum L., Eclipta prostrata L. Oxalis corniculata L., Rungia pectinata L. etc., edible plant Amaranthus viridis L., ornamental plant Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir, and aromatic plant Trachyspermum copticum L. It is clear from the study that these two fields of the district contain some valuable agrestals which are used by the locals. Key words: Agrestals, agro-ecosystems, weeds, food, fodder, medicine, insects, society.

A topoisomerase II poison screen of ethnomedicinal Thai plants using a yeast cell-based assay

Ethnopharmacological relevanceThe plants used in this study had previously been identified and used by Thai folk practitioners, who had knowledge of Thai traditional medicine, as alternative treatments for cancer. Investigation into the mechanism of the Topoisomerase II (Top2) poison of these plants may give rise to new drug leads for cancer treatment. Aim of the studyThis study aimed to screen ethnomedicinal plants used in Thai traditional medicine for Top2 poison activity using a yeast cell-based assay and also to validate the traditional uses of these plants by examining the Top2 poison activity. Materials and methodsThirty Thai medicinal plants were harvested and identified. Plant methanol extracts were prepared and screened in vitro using a yeast cell-based assay. Mutant yeast strains carrying the top2-1 allele, which encodes a temperature-sensitive topoisomerase, were used to establish the yeast spot test. Strains carrying this mutation grow normally at 25°C and generally have a wild-type drug sensitivity. These yeast strains are able to grow at 30°C, but the Top2 activity is greatly reduced at this temperature, which causes the strains to be highly drug resistant to anti-Top2 agents. Cell growth was measured by colony survival after exposure to various concentrations of extracts at different temperatures. ResultsThe extracts of six out of thirty ethnomedicinal plants, Curcuma longa, C. zedoaria, Derris scandens, Grangea maderaspatana, Stephania pierrei and S. suberosa, were found to have Top2 poison activity against the yeast cells. ConclusionsThe yeast screening system confirmed the proposed anti-cancer mechanisms of plants used in Thai traditional medicine by traditional doctors.

Free Radical Scavenging Activity ofGrangea maderaspatanaPoir.

The present study was aimed to investigate the antioxidant activities of the methanolic extract of Grangea maderaspatana Poir (Compositae). The antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated using fi ve in vitro assays and was compared to standard antioxidant (Ascorbic acid). Further, Total phenolic contents of the extract were determined by using Folin-Ciocalteu method in order to evaluate a relationship between the antioxidant activity and the phytochemical constituents. The total phenolic content was found to be 121.45 ± 2.56 μg Gallic acid equivalent of phenol. The extract and ascorbic acid were found to have different levels of antioxidant activity in the systems tested. Methanolic extract of Grangea maderaspatana (GMME) exhibited significant (p<0.05) reducing power ability, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, nitric oxide radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) scavenging activity and inhibition of β-carotene bleaching. In DPPH radical scavenging activity NO scavenging activity,H 2 O 2 scavenging activity, and β-carotene bleaching assay the IC 50 values obtained for GMME were found to be 46.55 ± 1.67 μg/mL,120.73 ± 0.694 μg/mL, 30.54 ± 1.11 μg/mL and 209.73 ± 4.63 μg/mL respectively and for Ascorbic acid the IC 50 values were found to be 24.96 ± 1.95 μg/mL, 236.37± 1.394 μg/mL, 57.34± 1.29 μg/mL and 339.16 ± 5.30 μg/mL respectively. The antioxidant property depends upon concentration and increased with increasing amount of the extract. The free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities may be attributed to the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds present in the extract. The results obtained in the present study indicate that Grangea maderaspatana is a potential source of natural antioxidants.

A preliminary study on the analgesic activity of Grangea maderaspatana

The methanol extract of the whole plant of Grangea maderaspatana showed a dose-dependent analgesic activity. At doses of 1 and 3 g/kg, the extract significantly ( P<0.001) inhibited acetic acid-induced writhing in mice by 50 and 80%, respectively.

A clerodane derivative from Grangea maderaspatana

A new clerodane, 15-hydroxy-16- oxo-15,16H-hardwickiic acid (15-hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide-18-oic acid) has been isolated from the aerial parts of Grangea maderaspatana, besides the known clerodane diterpenes.

A diterpene from Cipadessa fruticosa and Grangea maderaspatana

A new diterpenoid has been isolated from the acetone extract of both Cipadessa fruticosa (BI Bijdr) and Grangea maderaspatana (Poir). Its structure has been established by spectral studies and its conversion to the known 8-hydroxy- 13 E-labdane-15yl-acetate.

Oestrogenic and pregnancy interceptory efficacy of a flavonoid mixture from Grangea maderaspatana poir (Artemisia maderaspatana) in the mouse

AbstractA mixture of flavonoids extracted from the plant Grangea maderaspatana possessed oestrogenicity and antiimplantational activities in the mouse. In the 3 day uterotrophic bioassay, administration of the drug at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight per day, intramuscularly to ovariectomized females, resulted in a highly significant (p&lt;0.001) increase in the wet uterine and vaginal weights. However, in comparison with conjugated oestrogen, the extract proved to be mildly oestrogenic. Flavonoids, if administered orally at the same dose level effectively interfere with all stages of pregnancy. Maximum interceptory efficacy was recorded when the drug was administered from days 4–6 post coitum. However, there was a reduction in antinidational activity only if the drug was administered from days 1–3 and 7–9 post coitum.

Clerodane derivatives from Grangea maderaspatana

The aerial parts of Grangea maderaspatana afforded in addition to compounds isolated previously eight new ones, five clerodane derivatives, a nor-clerodane, a seco-clerodane and nor-seco-clerodane. The structures were elucidated by high field NMR spectroscopic methods.