Grand Mean Research Articles

Evaluasi kualitas layanan aplikasi Pustabiblia menggunakan metode digiQUAL

Introduction. This research focuses on evaluation of digital library quality services using DigiQUAL method. This research provide evaluation results and knowledge regarding the quality of Pustabiblia application services to support further development. Data Collection Methods. This is quantitative research with descriptive analysis. Data was taken from a sample of 80 respondents. Data Analysis. Data analysis techniques used mean and grand mean with Microsoft Excel application to calculate the average service quality variable. The categorization criteria was conducted. Results and Discussion. The results showed that it was in the high or good category with a service quality index of 3.64. The lowest index in the research was the Resource Use with a value of 3.39. Conclusion. In general, the quality of the library application service is already in the “good” category but it can still be improved to be in the “very good” category. Further, there needs to be promotion and recommendations regarding the use of the library application so that students can access the library application more often, particularly to meet student information needs.

Validation of OpenCap: A low-cost markerless motion capture system for lower-extremity kinematics during return-to-sport tasks

Low-cost markerless motion capture systems offer the potential for 3D measurement of joint angles during human movement. This study aimed to validate a smartphone-based markerless motion capture system’s (OpenCap) derived lower extremity kinematics during common return-to-sport tasks, comparing it to an established optoelectronic motion capture system. Athletes with prior anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (12–18 months post-surgery) performed three movements: a jump-landing-rebound, single-leg hop, and lateral-vertical hop. Kinematics were recorded concurrently with two smartphones running OpenCap’s software and with a 10-camera, marker-based motion capture system. Validity of lower extremity joint kinematics was assessed across 437 recorded trials using measures of agreement (coefficient of multiple correlation: CMC) and error (mean absolute error: MAE, root mean squared error: RMSE) across the time series of movement. Agreement was best in the sagittal plane for the knee and hip in all movements (CMC > 0.94), followed by the ankle (CMC = 0.84–0.93). Lower agreement was observed for frontal (CMC = 0.47–0.78) and transverse (CMC = 0.51–0.6) plane motion. OpenCap presented a grand mean error of 3.85° (MAE) and 4.34° (RMSE) across all joint angles and movements. These results were comparable to other available markerless systems. Most notably, OpenCap’s user-friendly interface, free software, and small physical footprint have the potential to extend motion analysis applications beyond conventional biomechanics labs, thus enhancing the accessibility for a diverse range of users.

Rescuelink: SOS Alert System for Disaster Response and Management

This study highlights the importance of such a system, given the absence of an effective platform that enables citizens to send SOS signals to emergency responders, leaving individuals without any response. This system provides web and mobile applications for residents, enables registered residents to send incident or emergency reports and communicate with the rescue team through a mobile app, and reduces response delays of the rescue team by getting an accurate location of the incident or emergency. The study used descriptive developmental research since it involves designing and developing the RESCUELINK: SOS System for Disaster Response and Management. Furthermore, it aims also to determine the acceptability of the system as evaluated by five (5) IT experts through the use of ISO/IEC 25010 based on the following characteristics: functional suitability, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability, portability, compatibility, and security. The RESCUELINK SOS System for Disaster Response and Management exhibits excellent performance across all evaluated ISO/IEC 25010 software quality characteristics, with an overall grand mean score of 4.66. Implementing this system in Silay City is expected to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the DRRM operations significantly.

Perceptions of Undergraduate Students towards Utilization of Clinical Simulation in Teaching and Learning in Rural Universities in Uganda: A Mixed method study.

Simulation is a new pedagogical method in Africa that underscores the need to operationalize it and generate context-specific scholarship regarding clinical simulation in Africa. Despite the superior learning outcomes of using simulation in medical education, its use in developing countries is often limited, compounded by limited scholarship on simulation especially relevant to an African context. The research aimed to explore perceptions surrounding the use of simulation among undergraduate students. A mixed method convergent parallel design was used in which both the quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed currently to explore the perception of the undergraduate students towards the use of clinical simulation in teaching and learning. The quantitative approach assessed the perception of the students on a five-point Likert from strongly disagree to strongly agree scale while the qualitative approach employed a focused group discussion to explore the perception of the students in regards to clinical simulation. Quantitative data was analyzed using Stata Version 17. Qualitative results were analyzed through thematic analysis by Brauna and Clark. 298 participants were recruited into the study. The mean age of the participants was 27 years with a standard deviation of 5.81 years. The majority 152(51.01%) of the participants were males. Most 111(37.25%) of the participants were pursuing Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery. The grand mean of the perception scores of the students towards the use of simulation in clinical teaching was 3.875269 ±0.5281626. The participants strongly agreed that it is incredibly helpful to have someone who works in the field debrief with them after completing a scenario and their overall perception towards this was high (Mean =4.65241±0.6617337). This exploratory study revealed that medical, nursing, and midwifery students from the rural Universities of Busitema and Lira demonstrated a positive perception of the use of clinical simulation in teaching and learning. The results conclude that simulations help students better understand concepts in clinical settings, provide them with valuable learning experiences, and help them stimulate critical thinking abilities. Further, the participants perceive simulation to be realistic, and knowledge gained could be transferred to the clinical areas.

Simplified Workbook in Algebra for Grade 7 Learners

The study aimed to create a Simplified Workbook to improve the performance and retention of Grade 7 learners in Algebra at Solotsolot National High School. It addressed research questions about learner profiles, Algebra performance levels, relationships between profiles and performance, and competencies that were mastered or not. Using descriptive-correlational and descriptive-developmental designs, data was collected through the Test Result and Item Analysis Package (TRIAP) for the second quarter, with analysis using frequency count, percentage, mean, and correlational techniques. The findings showed varied learner profiles in terms of sex, parental education, socio-economic status, and study habits. The performance in Algebra was generally satisfactory, with a grand mean of 27.49, and only the occupation of the mother had a significant relationship with performance. Most Algebra competencies were not mastered, indicating the need for a simplified workbook. The study's conclusions highlighted the need for parental involvement, resource centers, and teacher training to enhance learning outcomes. Recommendations included cooperation between parents and schools to improve discipline and interest in school activities, the use of the Simplified Workbook in Algebra 7, and encouraging active participation in Mathematics-related activities. Additionally, it was suggested that Mathematics teachers attend training sessions to enhance their teaching strategies and consider setting up Mathematics Clubs. Future research could examine other factors affecting mastery of Algebra competencies, such as teaching methodologies, social media exposure, and teacher-related factors.

Validation of a modified QuEChERS method for the quantification of residues of currently used pesticides in Cuban agricultural soils, using gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry

We present an analytical method to detect and quantify residues of currently used pesticides (CUPs), which include 31 active ingredients (ai) and seven transformation products (TPs) in tropical and agricultural soils of Cuba. Ten isotopically labeled analogous compounds served as internal standards (IL-IS). The novelty of this research is the inclusion of different tropical soils type scarcely studied for CUPs and TPs, based on the QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method, followed by chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. All figures of merit proved to be satisfactory according to SANTE guidelines 2020 and 2021. Matrix effects (ME) calculated by the external standard method were significant (|ME| > 20% for almost all compounds; grand mean ± standard deviation (STD) 104 ± 108%) in all soils. The internal standard method compensated ME to non-significant levels (8 ± 50%), even for analytes with a non-structure identical IL-IS (STD, 13 ± 57%). Repeatability (relative standard deviation, RSDr) and reproducibility (RSDR) for skeletic regosol (SR) were 7.5 ± 2.8% and 11.7 ± 4.7%, respectively. Absolute (quantified for 11 analytes with structure identical IL-IS) and relative recovery from SR was 92 ± 13% (mean ± STD) and 90 ± 12%, respectively. Limits of quantification for SR ranged from 0.1 to 10 ng/g, except metalaxyl and oxyfluorfen (25 ng/g each). Linearity of matrix-matched (MM) calibration curves (5 to 100 ng/g) had an R2 of ≥ 0.99 for all soils and almost all analytes. The method was successfully applied to 30 real soil samples.

From Fear to Understanding: Millennials’ Perceptions of Islam in Contemporary Society as a Basis for Interfaith Dialogue and Cooperation

This study aimed to describe the millennials' perception of Islam in contemporary society as a basis for interfaith dialogue and cooperation. A descriptive research method was utilized. Respondents were selected using stratified probability sampling. A total of 255 were used primarily as the respondents of this study. The data gathered were analyzed using the SPSS software V21x64. The statistical methods used were frequency and percentage counts, standard deviation, mean, and the grand mean. The respondents’ demographic profile relative to age, the 25-28 age group had more respondents than other age groups. As to sex, females dominated the number of respondents. In terms of tribe, most respondents are Cebuano. Regarding religious affiliation, Roman Catholics have a significant number of respondents and in educational attainment, most of the respondents are high school graduates. Millennials with a moderately high perception of Islam view the religious practices of Islam in a positive light. They may appreciate the emphasis on prayer, fasting, and charity as acts of devotion. Regarding cultural aspects of Islam, millennials with moderately high perceptions may appreciate the rich history and traditions associated with Islamic culture. Relative to governance, millennials with moderately high perceptions may acknowledge the influence of Islamic principles in shaping societies governed by law. They may recognize the importance of justice, fairness, and social welfare in Islamic governance systems and appreciate the emphasis on community and public welfare. Millennials with a moderately high perception of Islam will likely have a positive view of it, appreciating its religious practices, cultural contributions, and governance principles. They may also be open to learning more about Islam and engaging in interfaith dialogue and cooperation with practitioners of different religions.

Mind Mapping on Junior High School Performance in Chemistry

The study assessed the status of mind mapping as a strategy in teaching Grade 7 Chemistry at Zapatera National High School, Sikatuna St., Brgy. Zapatera, Cebu City, Cebu, Philippines. Each group were given two different treatments – the Control group having the chalk talk method and the Experimental group having the mind mapping for five (5) weeks. The pre-test revealed that both groups were described as “Poor”. Among all the competencies tested, the distinguishing of mixtures from substances based on set properties got the lowest mean. After five (5) weeks, the post-test showed that the respondent's group performed differently. The Control group got a grand mean of 7.23, which is “Good” while the experimental group got 9.65, which is also “Good” but slightly higher than that of the control group. As to the significant difference in the post-test of the respondent groups, the Control group’s performance revealed that there is a significant difference. Meanwhile, the Experimental group’s post-test performance result is “Highly Significant”. “Mind Mapping” as a strategy evidently showed a vital connection on the improvement of the Junior High School performance in Chemistry. It is more effective in both teaching and learning process as compared to the chalk talk method. Thus, the proposed learning activities is highly recommended.

Evaluation of Efficiency of Weighted Average of Stability and Mean Performance Estimated by Linear Mixed Models for Identifying High‐Yielding Lentil Genotypes Adapted to Rainfed Regions

ABSTRACTA combination of the two methods of stability analysis, the additive main effect and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and the best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP), based on weighted average of stability (WAASB) estimated by the linear mixed models (LMM) index identified the improved genotypes. In this study, 17 advanced genotypes of lentil were studied at two locations, Zanjan and Maragheh, during the two seasons. To examine the genotype × environment interaction, the AMMI and BLUP methods using the WAASB and weighted average of mean performance (WAASBY) index were combined to evaluate the performance stability of genotypes according to different experimental plots. Considering the significant genotype × environment interaction based on likelihood ratio test (LRT), data were analyzed by the BLUP method. The highest grain yield was detected for genotype 13, followed by genotypes 7, 11, 20, 5, 12, and 19 with higher productivity than the grand mean. To select genotypes according to yield and stability, the WAASBY index was defined by combining mean grain yield and stability. Considering 50:50 contributions for the two components, the grain yield and stability of the 13 genotypes were higher than the grand mean. The highest WAASBY was observed for genotypes 7, 20, and 12, which were determined as the best genotypes of lentil under agroecological conditions encountered in the current study regions.

Understanding and Addressing the Impact of Parental Stress and Stigma in Raising Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Low-Resource Settings

The burden on parents raising children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is escalating globally, particularly in middle and low-income countries, where access to resources and support is limited. This study aimed to investigate the levels of stress, stigma, and coping strategies among parents of children with ASD in Kawempe Division, Kampala, Uganda. Through a sample of 28 parents drawn from Katalemwa Cheshire Home, data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results revealed very high levels of stress and stigma among parents, as evidenced by a grand mean of 3.71 (SD = 0.79) for stress and 3.57 (SD = 0.55) for stigma. These stressors encompassed various domains, including financial difficulties, marital conflicts, and psychological strain resulting from societal discrimination. Parents reported experiencing feelings of shame, embarrassment, and hopelessness, exacerbated by societal misconceptions and the lack of support systems. Notably, the prevalence of anxiety symptoms among parents (45.9%) surpassed previous estimates, indicating a significant mental health burden within this population. Furthermore, the coping mechanisms employed by parents were found to be inadequate, with a grand mean of 1.78 (SD = 0.77) for coping strategies. Positive coping strategies, such as seeking new job opportunities for their children, were limited, while negative coping mechanisms, including substance abuse and rudeness, were more prevalent. These findings underscore the urgent need for tailored interventions to equip parents with effective coping strategies and stress management techniques. The study highlights the challenges faced by parents raising children with ASD in low resource settings, shedding light on the psychological, social, and economic burdens they endure. Addressing these challenges requires comprehensive support systems, including training programs, workshops, and access to resources aimed at empowering parents and enhancing their well-being. By understanding and addressing the specific stressors and coping mechanisms within this population, interventions can be developed to alleviate the burdens faced by parents, ultimately improving their quality of life and promoting the holistic development of children with ASD. Keywords: Stress, Stigma, Coping Strategies, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Raising children

Trypanosocidal activity of methanolic extract of lemon grass (<i>Cymbopogon citratus</i>)

This study determined the in vitro trypanocidal activity of lemon grass(Cymbopogon citratus) methanolic extract against Trypanosoma brucei brucei and its bio infectivity in an in vivo study using male albino rat as the experimental animal. Five treatment levels were applied (0.002mg/ml, 0.02mg/ml, 0.2mg/ml, 2.0mg/ml and 0.0mg/ml). Trypanosome was inactive at all treatment levels of lemongrass. PCV was statistically the same at all exposure times whereas the control mice had significantly lower PCV than all treated mice apart from the control, all other treatments gave similar PCV results, but the highest grand mean value (51.87%) was obtained at 0.02mg/ml while week 4 recorded the highest value (51.53%). All treatment levels had equal effects on the mice’s rectal temperature, but exposure time had significant effects on the temperature parameter where the grand mean temperature readings significantly varied from 35.55oC in week 2 to 37.47oC in week 5. The weight of mice varied significantly with both treatment (F=16.01, p<0.05) and time (F=5.10, p<0.05) factors. The highest mean weight recorded was 38.37±2.46g at 2.0mg/ml treatment in week 5 thus, the weight of mice increased as lemon grass treatment concentration and exposure time increased. Treatment concentrations significantly affected mice PCV and weight where the control level had the lowest values for these physical parameters. Also, exposure time significantly affected both the temperature and weight of mice. A general fluctuation but decline in feed intake was observed in mice at different treatment levels of methanolic extracts of lemon grass from weeks 1-7. A strong positive significant correlation exists between PCV and feed intake (r= -0.930, p<0.05) as well as between rectal temperature and weight of mice (r= -0.948, p<0.05). PCV and weight had a strong positive correlation though insignificant (r= 0.728, p>0.05). Therefore, lemon grass extract showed trypanocidal efficacy in the control of trypanosomiasis in Africa.

Employing Cooperative Learning to Enhance the University Students’ Reading Comprehension

Cooperative learning is considered one of the most effective learning methods to improve students’ language skills. Reading is an essential language skill for students in language learning. Therefore, this study was aimed at improving reading comprehension through cooperative learning. The result data showed that the score in each cycle improved significantly. The grand mean of the first cycle was 78.26, and 85.22 in the second. The grand mean score of the first and second cycles is much higher than the mean score of the initial reflection. Moreover, the questionnaire result showed comparative percentages of 41.62%, 41.62%, 16.76%, and 0% for items A, B, C, and D, respectively. The questionnaire results indicated that most of the students were actively engaged in learning reading comprehension. Therefore, this study implies that lecturers should utilize the cooperative learning method more intensively in teaching English.

Evaluation of elite spring wheat genotypes for grain yield and other agronomic attributes in hills of Sudurpaschim Province, Nepal

Selection and release of high yielding and disease resistant varieties is the cost effective and ecologically sound approach for increasing the production and productivity of agricultural crop in Nepal. Twenty-two advanced bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes including commercial check variety "Sorgadwari", newly released check variety "Khumal Shakti" and Local Check variety " Jhadde" were evaluated under irrigated conditions at Gokuleshwor Agriculture and Animal Science College (GAASC), Baitadi, Nepal during 2022/2023. This study was carried out for the identification of high yielding genotypes under irrigated condition in western hills. The experiment was conducted in Alpha lattice design with two replications. The highly significant difference (p<0.01) among the genotypes was found for most of the traits viz., days to heading, days to anthesis, days to maturity, plant height, spikes per square meter, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike, flag leaf area, thousand kernel weight, biomass yield and grain yield and non-significant difference for spike length. The mean grain yield ranged from 1908 to 4146 kg/ha with grand mean of 2766 kg/ha. The highest grain yield was produced by genotype NL 1474 (4146 kg/ha) which was followed by NL 1475 (3994 kg/ha), NL1597 (3536 kg/ha) and NL 1590 (3070 kg/ha). The check variety Sorgadwari and Khumal Shakti produced 3480 and 3070 kg/ha respectively while the local check variety Jhadde produced 2655 kg/ha. Similarly, highest TKW was produced by NL 1487 (68.5 g) followed by BL 5148 (67.2 g) and WK 3730 (66.3 g). The correlation analysis revealed that grain yield showed highly significant positive correlation with biomass yield (0.90**) and number of grains per spike (0.6**), spikes per square meter (0.7**), plant height (0.5**) and non-significant positive correlation with spike length (0.21) and grain weight per spike (0.1) and non-significant negative correlation with days to heading (-0.2) and days to maturity (-0.2). Cluster analysis revealed that Cluster III consists of 4 genotypes namely NL 1474, NL 1475, NL 1597 and Sorgadwari. This cluster represent with highest grain yield, number of spikes per meter square, number of grains per spike and grain weight per spike. Among the tested genotypes, NL 1474, NL 1475, NL 1597 and NL 1590 were found superior for grain yield and yield-related traits in comparison to three checks and could be recommended for hills of Sudurpaschim province after further testing in multi-environment and in farmer's field.

Evaluation of the evolutionary process within Populus caspica species from Hyrcanian forests by karyotype analysis

Caspian poplar (Populus caspica Bornm.) is distributed exclusively in the Hyrcanian forests. Hyrcanian forests are the final remnants of Tertiary temperate deciduous forests in Western Eurasia and worldwide. This species plays a significant ecological role in the protection of the natural environment in Hyrcanian forests. In this research, chromosome number and karyotype details of 11 populations of the species were investigated for the first time, using fresh root cuttings collected from mature trees in different parts of the forest, located in the northern parts of Iran. Pre-treatment, fixation, hydrolyzing, and staining were conducted by α-bromonaphthalene, carnoy’s solution, 1N HCl, and hematoxylin agent, respectively. Chromosomal data were analyzed according to a nested model based on a completely randomized design. Chromosome numbers of all of the populations were the same as 2n = 38, which mostly were medium region and sub-metacentric types. Significant differences were observed between the provinces and populations, based on chromosome length grand means, arm ratios and centromere indices. The results demonstrated that structural rearrangement has occurred within the studied populations and indicated an active evolutionary process within and between populations of the species due to natural hybridization. Also, these results showed that artificial inter-specific hybridization between the P. caspica and its relative species can be employed to broaden the ecological zone of the species.

Prognostic value of near-infrared spectroscopy regional oxygen saturation and cerebrovascular reactivity index in acute traumatic neural injury: a CAnadian High-Resolution Traumatic Brain Injury (CAHR-TBI) Cohort Study

BackgroundNear-infrared spectroscopy regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) has gained interest as a raw parameter and as a basis for measuring cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) due to its noninvasive nature and high spatial resolution. However, the prognostic utility of these parameters has not yet been determined. This study aimed to identify threshold values of rSO2 and rSO2-based CVR at which outcomes worsened following traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsA retrospective multi-institutional cohort study was performed. The cohort included TBI patients treated in four adult intensive care units (ICU). The cerebral oxygen indices, COx (using rSO2 and cerebral perfusion pressure) as well as COx_a (using rSO2 and arterial blood pressure) were calculated for each patient. Grand mean thresholds along with exposure-based thresholds were determined utilizing sequential chi-squared analysis and univariate logistic regression, respectively.ResultsIn the cohort of 129 patients, there was no identifiable threshold for raw rSO2 at which outcomes were found to worsen. For both COx and COx_a, an optimal grand mean threshold value of 0.2 was identified for both survival and favorable outcomes, while percent time above − 0.05 was uniformly found to have the best discriminative value.ConclusionsIn this multi-institutional cohort study, raw rSO2was found to contain no significant prognostic information. However, rSO2-based indices of CVR, COx and COx_a, were found to have a uniform grand mean threshold of 0.2 and exposure-based threshold of − 0.05, above which clinical outcomes markedly worsened. This study lays the groundwork to transition to less invasive means of continuously measuring CVR.

A Flipped Classroom Applied: Undergraduate Students' Perception in Mathematics

This study was designed to determine undergraduate students’ perception in a flipped Applied Mathematics classroom. A survey research design was employed to measure students’ responses after a successful seven-week deployment of the flipped model of instruction delivery at a University in North Central Nigeria. An intact class of 32 students was used for the study, out of which 21 students returned the adopted Feedback Questionnaire on Flipped Classroom Activity. Analysis of the results of the study shows a positive level of students’ perception (grand mean = 2.765) and an enriched learning experience in terms of curiosity, engagement and enlightenment. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that teachers at all levels of mathematics education should always seek instructional approaches that are student-driven like the flipped classroom to sustain interest and improve academic performance.

Profitability and Socioeconomic Characteristics of Fish Production in Anambra State, Nigeria

In recent decades the impact of agriculture towards achieving a sustainable economy in Nigeria cannot be under emphasized, though, in time past it has been a subject of several debates amongst development economists, food security and stability is key to the developmental economy of any nation thus, the need to investigate fish production and management in Abia state. Three (3) zone comprising of Awka zone, Onitsha zone and Aguata zone were investigated with a pooled sample inclusive as standard and the analysis was based on the following parameters: Socio-economic Characteristics of Fish farmers, Systems of Fish Production, Management and the Level of Fish Production Associated with the Fish Management Systems, Price of Fish and Net Return from Fish Production. The result obtained showed that fish farming is practiced by both male and female with 96.67% and 3.33% respectively; majority (24.17%) of the fish farmers are within the age bracket of 51-55 years, while 23.33%, 22.50%, 17.50%, 11.67% and 0.83% of the farmers are within the age brackets of 41-45, 51-60, 46-50, 36-40 and 31-35 years respectively; 100.00% of the farmers had basic formal education with an average of 6 years farming experience; 67.50% purchased the fingerlings stock, while 32.50% of them hatched their fingerlings; 60.00% of the farmers produce heterobranchus, 27.50% of them produced heterobranchus and clarias, while 12.50% of the farmers produced heterobranchus and tilapia; 12.50% of the farmers were below 40 years of age, signifying the need to empower and encourage the youth to go into fish farming. the mean output of a fish farmer per year in Awka, Onitsha and Aguata Zones are 3.88 tonnes, 3.81 tonnes and 3.35 tonnes of fish respectively with grand mean output of 3.71 tonnes in Anambra state. Since there is need to increase protein intake level of people of the state and nation in general, fish production has to be developed and all the constraints militating against its effective production be checked so as to meet up with the protein need of the people.

PRICE BEHAVIOUR ACROSS PLACE AND TIME: A CASE OF COCOYAM WHOLESALE MARKETING IN THE SOUTHEAST, NIGERIA

Market prices across time and region are one of the key determinants of efficient food marketing system.Against this background, the study seeks to investigate the behaviour of market price in a period and as cocoyam moves from one place to the other. Multistage, purposive and random sampling techniques were used to select 216 respondents for the study. A well structured questionnaire was used to collect primary data for six months (time series data). Data obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Co-integration analysis. The study revealed that inter market and seasonal prices of cocoyam showed a highest marketing margin (7,500) in Anambra State followed by Enugu State (6,100) and least in Imo State (4300) during the peak period. During the lean period, the highest marketing margin of6,200 was recorded in Anambra State, followed by Imo State (5,150) and least (4200) in Enugu State. The Southeast recorded grand mean marketing margins of 21,499.67 and 19,667 during peak and lean respectively. The result of co-integration analysis revealed that wholesale prices of cocoyam in rural and urban markets of Anambra and Enugu State showed evidence of integration while poor price transmission was observed in the rural and urban markets of Imo State.A breakthrough in this study will gear towards improving price transmission which forms thebedrock for marketing efficiency of cocoyam in the area.

Morphological Characterization and Assessment of Genetic Variability, Character Association using MOORA Method

Morphological Characterization. Electron microscopy, optical Microscopy, scanning probe microscopic like microscopy (SPM). Morphology using techniques characterizations were carried out. Morphology of nonmaterial’s various used for study A comprehensive of microscopic techniques The explanation is given here.The shape of animals and plants and of biology dealing with structure A division the form of an organism and organization or its parts. Amphibian morphology. The internal structure of words and Segmentation into different types of morphemes Two basic objectives or Essential to Morphology: New Words Creating and. Already Change of words in. Therefore, morphology is body Physically recognizable letterforms Read, they are morphological characters are referred to as of an organism Specific elements are shape, size, color And so on. Morphology is structure A word that describes a characteristic. activity, Taxonomy, heredity, ecology, development and other branches of biology A basis for understanding Morphology gives us, therefore other A for us to read the branches Provides the site. Very simply Said morphological classification, Physiology to establish species boundaries Attributes (or roles) Uses similarity, same As well as interracial relationships uses. Characteristics may be characteristic. The multi-objective optimization by ratio analysis (MOORA) method is one of the MADM techniques. It is a group of qualities (prospective students). It is possible to calculate the worth of criteria, making this the ideal choice for decision-makers like prospective students. Days to flowering, Days to maturity, Plant height, Branches per plant, Pods per plant, Seeds per pod. Genotypic variance, Phenotypic variance, Grand mean, Heritability. From the result it is seen that Plant height is got the first rank where as is the Days to flowering is having the lowest rank. As a result, the plant height received the first rank, as well as the days to flowering received the lowest rank.

A PERCEPTION OF HOMEMAKERS’ ONLINE MENU ORDERS ON CONSUMERS’ SATISFACTION IN TANKE, ILORIN SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KWARA STATE

The study investigated perception of homemakers’ online menu orders on consumers’ satisfaction in Tanke, Ilorin South Local Government Area. Five research questions were stated and four research hypotheses tested. Structured questionnaire was used to solicit information from the respondents. The instrument was validated and found reliable at 0.75. Five-point Likert scales of Strongly Agree, Agree, Strongly Disagree, Disagree and Undecided were used to interpret the data. Frequency count, mean, standard deviation and Pearson Product-Moment Correlation (PPMC) were used to analyse the data. The findings show that majority of the respondents agreed on the types of menus available for online order with grand mean score of 3.51 and the prices of menus ordered online were within the ranges of #2,000.00 to #2,750.00 per plate. Majority of the respondents also agreed with the methods of online menu orders with mean score of 3.43 were 3.00 was the decision rule which is lesser than 3.51 and 3.43 respectively. There is no significant relationship between the types and prices of online menu orders on customers’ satisfaction. Online menu orders have proliferated and rapidly improved the traditional line-up for menu orders and the use of digital resource brings relief to individual. It was therefore recommended that more researches be conducted on technological benefits to consumers in rural areas.