Types Of Grafting Research Articles

Dry spells trigger durian flowering in aseasonal tropics.

The flowering period of durian is influenced by weather conditions such as prolonged drought and low temperatures. However, the specific criteria and durations of these conditions remain unclear. This study aimed to identify weather conditions that trigger durian flowering by monitoring its phenology and analyzing the relationship between minimum temperature and rainfall using two types of durian- grafting type and seed-grown type. Three flowering events were observed in 2022 and two in 2023. Considering there were no differences in the number or timing of flowering events among the two types, it suggests that genetic background differences do not influence flowering phenology. All flowering events were best explained using the 15-day moving average of rainfall, with the peak of the first flowering occurring approximately 50 days after the 15-day moving average of rainfall fell below 1mm. These results suggest that drought accumulation over approximately 15 days may trigger the induction of durian flower buds. However, no correlation was determined between the minimum temperature and the first flowering date. These findings indicate that durian flowering is induced by milder drought conditions than those previously proposed. Differences in variety and climate may have led to results different from those reported in earlier studies. Long-term monitoring across multiple sites and varieties is required to discuss these differences further.

An Innovative Approach to Classifying and Treating Axillary Scar Contracture.

Axillary cicatricial contracture is a debilitating condition that can greatly impair shoulder joint function. Therefore, timely correction of this condition is imperative. In light of Ogawa's prior classification of axillary cicatricial contracture deformities, we have proposed a novel classification system and reconstruction principles based on a decade of treatment experience. Our proposed system offers a more comprehensive approach to correcting axillary cicatricial contracture deformities and aims to improve patient outcomes. Our study included 196 patients with a total of 223 axillary cicatricial contracture deformities. The range of shoulder abduction varied between 10 and 120 degrees. Our treatment approach included various methods such as the lateral thoracic flap, transverse scapular artery flap, cervical superficial artery flap, medial upper arm flap, latissimus dorsi flap, Z-shape modification, and the use of local flaps combined with skin grafting. After 2 weeks, the sutures were removed, and patients were instructed to start functional exercises. To categorize the deformities, we divided them into 2 types: axillary-adjacent region cicatricial contracture (type I) and extended area contracture (type II). For each subtype, a specific treatment method was chosen based on a designed algorithm decision tree. Out of the total cases, 133 patients underwent treatment with various types of local flaps, including Z-plasty, whereas 63 patients received treatment involving skin grafting and different types of local flaps. At the time of discharge, the abduction angle of the shoulder joint ranged from 80 to 120 degrees. Among the 131 patients who were followed up, 108 of them adhered to a regimen of horizontal bar exercises. After a 1-year follow-up period, the abduction angle of the shoulder joint had significantly improved to a range of 110-180 degrees. We have proposed a novel classification method for the correction of axillary cicatricial contracture deformity. This approach involves utilizing distinct correction strategies, in conjunction with postoperative functional exercise, to ensure the effectiveness of axillary reconstruction.

DIGITAL PROTOCOL OF DENTAL IMPLANTATION WITH THE USE OF AN INDIVIDUAL BONE GRAFT AND THE CREATION OF A SOFT-TISSUE BARRIER

The article presents a method of rehabilitation of a patient with partial secondary adentia in segment 3, complicated by atrophy of the alveolar process. During the treatment, bone augmentation was performed using an individual bone graft with simultaneous installation of dental implants, conditions were created for the formation of a soft-tissue barrier, permanent orthopedic structures were made based on installed implants. Common types of bone grafting according to Kuri and Urban are described. A clinical case is presented: the initial situation, anamnesis, X-ray, CT scan. The logic of decision-making when choosing treatment in a given clinical case is described, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient

Effects of implant placement timingand type of soft-tissue grafting on histological and histomorphometric outcomes in a preclinical canine model.

To determine the effects of implant timing and type of soft-tissue grafting on histological and histomorphometric outcomes in a preclinical model. Four implant placement protocols were randomly applied at the mesial root sites of the third and fourth mandibular premolars in 10 mongrel dogs: immediate placement (group IP), early placement (group EP), delayed placement with/without alveolar ridge preservation (groups ARP and DP, respectively). A connective-tissue graft (CTG) or porcine-derived volume-stable collagen matrix (VCMX) was applied to enhance the ridge profile (simultaneously with implant placement in group IP and staged for others), resulting in five sites for each combination. All dogs were sacrificed 3 months after soft-tissue grafting. Histological and histomorphometric analyses were performed, and the data were analysed descriptively. CTG and VCMX were difficult to differentiate from the augmented area. The median total tissue thickness on the buccal aspect of the implant was largest in group IP/CTG (between 2.78 and 3.87 mm). The soft-tissue thickness was generally favourable with CTG at all implant placement timings. Within the DP groups, CTG yielded statistically significantly larger total and soft-tissue thickness than VCMX (p < .05). Among the groups with VCMX, group EP/VCMX showed the largest soft-tissue thickness at apical levels to the implant shoulder. CTG generally led to greater tissue thickness than VCMX.

The therapeutic effect of concentrated growth factor gel on skin wounds with bone or tendon exposure.

Treatment of soft tissue wounds with bone or tendon exposure remains a tough clinical challenge for surgeons. The current clinical approaches include various types of flap reconstruction and artificial dermis grafting as well as negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), which are time-consuming and often result in graft failure or significant scarring. Concentrated growth factor (CGF) is a novel blood extract that contains many growth factors, platelets and fibrin to promote an orderly healing process. However, few reports have focused on wounds with bone or tendon exposure. We present a limited series and two specific cases of skin wound with bone or tendon exposed that received surgical debridement followed by CGF treatment. CGF appeared to facilitate wound closure effectively and also reduced scar formation. Our findings provide a novel therapeutic option for refractory wounds with bone or tendon exposure.

Evaluation of implant survival in grafted and ungrafted bone: a 5-year follow-up study

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the success rates of dental implants placed in native bone to those placed in grafted bone.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: A retrospective evaluation of patients who underwent dental implant procedures between 2016 and 2018 and who had a 5-year follow-up. These data included the patient's demographic information, the number and regions of implants, failed implants, grafting type, technique and healing time. Two groups were used: Group 1, the study group, consists of implants made in the grafted bone, and Group 2, the control group, consists of implants made in the ungrafted bone.&#x0D; Results: The placement of 3170 implants was in 890 patients. The findings indicate that a majority of the implants, specifically 88% (n=2791), were not subjected to grafting procedures. However, the survival rate of the implants was 98.8%. The rate of implant survival was higher in the ungrafted bone compared to the grafted bone (p=0.039; p

Experience in use of full-layer skin autografts in treatment of post-burn cicatricial deformities

Despite technologically advanced approaches to the treatment of patients with thermal lesions of II–III degree, a high percentage of development of cicatricial deformities and contractures with the formation of functionally significant disorders remains. According to a number of authors, post- burn cicatricial deformities and contractures develop in 45.0 %–76.5 %. In order to eliminate cicatricial deformities and contractures, various types of skin grafting are used in clinical practice, which depends both on the localization of scars, the state of surrounding and underlying tissues, the presence of donor sites, and on the goals and expected result of the planned surgical intervention. Considering these aspects and possibilities, the question of choosing the method of surgical treatment of cicatricial deformities and contractures of functional and aesthetically significant areas remains debatable. An analysis was made of the results of treatment of 603 patients who underwent reconstructive and restorative operations. In order to eliminate cicatricial contractures, accompanied by functional disorders in the area of the joints, as well as in aesthetically significant areas, reconstructive operations were performed, mainly using full-thickness autografts. Analysis of the results of surgical treatment of cicatricial contractures of functional and aesthetically significant areas using free autodermoplasty with full-thickness grafts showed its effectiveness, as it made it possible not only to eliminate functional disorders in the operated area and restore the mechanics of movements, but also to minimize the risk of recurrence of cicatricial contractures – repeated reconstructive operations amounted to no more than 1.5 % of all operated patients. Conclusions. In order to eliminate cicatricial contractures, as well as to improve the aesthetic results of treatment in patients with the consequences of a burn injury, it is most advisable to perform autodermoplasty with full-layer autografts in functional and aesthetically significant areas.

The cumulative survival rate of dental implants with micro-threads: a long-term retrospective study.

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term cumulative survival rate (CSR) of dental implants with micro-threads in the neck over a 10-year follow-up period and to examine the factors influencing the survival rate of dental implants. This retrospective study was based on radiographic and dental records. In total, 151 patients received 490 Oneplant® dental implants with an implant neck micro-thread design during 2006-2010 in the Department of Periodontology of Seoul National University Dental Hospital. Implant survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to identify the factors influencing implant failure. Ten out of 490 implants (2.04%) failed due to fixture fracture. The CSR of the implants was 97.9%, and no significant difference was observed in the CSR between external- and internal-implant types (98.2% and 97.6%, respectively, P=0.670). In Cox regression analysis, 2-stage surgery significantly increased the risk of implant failure (hazard ratio: 4.769, P=0.039). There were no significant differences in influencing factors, including sex, age, implant diameter, length, fixture type, location, surgical procedure, bone grafting, and restoration type. Within the limitations of this retrospective study, the micro-thread design of the implant neck was found to be favorable for implant survival, with stable clinical outcomes.

SKIN GRAFT : TECHNIQUE, INDICATIONS AND OUTCOMES

Background: Skin graft is one of the most indispensable techniques in plastic surgery. They constitute a common method of covering skin defects. The literature comparing methods of graft application and subsequent outcomes is poor, but reports indicate a graft failure rate between 2 and 30%. In the present review, we describe how to perform skin grafting successfully, their main indications, some variation of skin grafting and possible outcomes. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively on all skin grafts performed by the plastic and aesthetic department in tangier,morocco between februry 2022 and october 2023. Data included for each patient basic demographics such as age, gender, graft indication and the site, application method, comorbidities, length of stay, and graft outcomes including graft take post-operatively. Results: There were 68 grafts performed on 63 patients, median age 41 years (4–78 years), men were the predominent recipients in our study (69%) ,split-thickness skin grafts were the most used type of grafting, with 53 (77%) performed for defects after oncologic resection, autologous skin graft was the only option for all patients. Successful grafts (&gt;80% take) were performed in 65 (95%) patients. The overall graft complication rate was 4.4% (3 of 68 grafts). Only one of them underwent re-operation for graft failure. No patient has received prophylactic antibiotics to reduce risk of graft failure. Conclusion: Skin grafts were performed successfully in the majority of patients. Graft complication and failure rates compare well with the world literature. Infection was the only major complication causing the graft failure.

Abstract 18565: Statin Utilization and Outcomes Among Patients With Coronary Artery Disease Undergoing Percutaneous or Surgical Revascularization

Background: Patients undergoing coronary revascularization are at high risk for adverse health outcomes. Accordingly, current guidelines suggest high-intensity use of statin intervention therapy to help mitigate atherosclerotic risk. We analyzed outcomes of patients following coronary revascularization stratified by the level of statin intervention in a large, real-world integrated healthcare system. Methods: Patients were stratified by type of coronary revascularization (percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) vs coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)). Statin use was divided as: (1) no statin, (2) less than guideline-directed statin intensity (&lt;GDSI), and GDSI. HRs and incidence rate per 1000-person years were assessed for secondary ASCVD outcomes (MI, ischemic stroke/TIA and all-cause death) in the population. Results: Over a mean follow up of about 5 years, a total of 33,513 patients underwent PCI and 12,436 underwent CABG. Over 35% of patients in both groups received either &lt;GDSI or no statin therapy. Patients who underwent PCI and were given no statin treatment had higher incidence of MI (69 vs 23 per 1000PY), stroke (21 vs 10) and death (69 vs 30) than those on GDSI. Patients who underwent CABG and were given no statin treatment had higher incidence of MI (31 vs 15 per 1000PY), stroke (30 vs 13) and death (79 vs 20) than those on GDSI. Amongst both groups, adjusted analysis showed that patients receiving GDSI had significantly lower risk for all major adverse cardiovascular outcomes (Table). In particular, GDSI in patients undergoing PCI was associated with the most significant reduction in MI, with an HR of 0.42. Conclusions: Underuse of GDSI was highly prevalent in patients undergoing coronary vascularization, both for PCI and CABG, and this was associated with suboptimal outcomes. Further practical interventions should be studied to assure that patients are treated aggressively with guideline directed therapies to lower risk for adverse outcomes.

ÍNDICE DE PEGAMENTO DE ENXERTOS EM MUDAS DE SERINGUEIRA SOBRE BANCADA SUSPENSA A PLENO SOL EM TRES EPÓCAS

he objective of this study was to evaluate the grafting of rubber tree seedlings produced on a suspended workbench in full sun, at three different times. One of the major problems in the production of seedlings on a suspended workbench is related to grafting (grafting time and type of bud used). In order to evaluate better times for grafting, an experiment was carried out in a seedling nursery in Mendonça, São Paulo State, Brazil, produced on a suspended workbench in full sun. The design used was randomized blocks, with three grafting times, and for each time, 15 plants were grafted, with four replications. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test to compare means using a 5% significance level. Grafting index × grafting time was evaluated. There was a significant difference between the grafting time and the grafting index ranged from 68.3% to 95%, depending on the grafting time. It is concluded that climatic factors influence grafting index. Keywords: Graft. Hevea brasiliensis. Clime.

A Survey on Alveolar Bone Grafting in Indian Cleft Centers.

To assess the factors influencing the type and timing of Alveolar Bone Grafting (ABG) among cleft centers throughout India. To examine the decision-making criteria for orthodontic treatment and the timing of ABG. Cross sectional survey. This survey was based on a convenience-based sample selected from cleft teams across India. The survey was formulated using the SurveyMonkey platform and emailed to 40 cleft teams. The survey included questions on demographics, timing, surgical protocol, orthodontic protocol, radiograph prescription rate, assessment methods for the success of ABG and three scenarios for evaluating the timing of the bone graft. The Chi-squared test was performed to evaluate the difference in opinion between specialists. The inter-examiner reliability was assessed using Kappa statistics. Thirty-five units completed the questionnaire. Most units operate with 1-2 surgeons, with 42.9% of them treating cleft patients for under 5 years. Only 11.4% of centres routinely advised oblique occlusal radiographs for post-surgery evaluation, and 31.4% prescribed CBCT. However, 40% of cleft teams did not perform audits to evaluate the success of ABG, and less than 50% advised radiographs six months post-surgery. Around 26% of centres do not routinely provide orthodontic treatment pre-ABG. The inter-examiner reliability for case scenarios showed poor agreement between the clinicians. The survey showed a serious lack of consensus in the ABG treatment among cleft teams in India and emphasises the need for standardised protocols for the treatment of children with cleft palate. There is an urgent need to develop core outcome set in cleft.

Sex differences in coronary artery bypass graft surgery outcomes: a narrative review.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the most commonly performed cardiac surgery globally and in the United States, however, women have worse outcomes than men. We aim to examine the possible drivers of this sex difference in CABG outcomes. A narrative review using a current search of the most recent literature on this topic. The sex difference in outcomes after CABG has persisted despite advances in the field, with women having well-described worse operative mortality and morbidity than men. Several explanatory mechanisms have been proposed for these differences. These include, but are not limited to, preoperative factors such as the natural history of coronary artery disease in women, older age, and higher prevalence of comorbidities at the time of presentation for CABG surgery. Intraoperative factors have also been proposed to play a role, including the smaller coronary artery size and greater coronary artery reactivity in women, the degree of intraoperative hemodilution anemia, the type of grafting, and the completeness of revascularization. However, no definitive etiology has been identified to date. The sex difference in outcomes after CABG remains present, and despite numerous proposed etiopathologies, the main driver remains unclear. Further research is needed to identify, and address, the root cause of this difference, and greater participation of women in cardiovascular and cardiac surgery trials is crucial.

Bone grafting techniques and materials for implant dentistry.

Bone quality, volume, height and width all play a pivotal role in dental implant stability, success and survival. A lack of adequate bone can be overcome with various bone grafting procedures. Dependent on many factors, including the amount of bone required, the site of implant placement, patient preferences and clinician factors; the type of bone grafting material and procedure undertaken can vary. Supplemental bone can be sourced from a variety of sources, including autogenous, allogenous and xenograft bone. Dependent on the source of the bone, it will have different properties in aiding bone formation, as well as being presented in different formulations, such as bone particles or bone blocks.The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of bone grafting indications, materials and types of bone grafting techniques that can be utilised to aid dental implant provision. It also discusses the properties needed to ensure optimal success of guided bone regeneration techniques.

A Review of Sapodilla Beneficial Use, Production Status, and Propagation Technique

Manilkara zapota, commonly known as sapodilla, is one of tropical fruits, originating from Central and South America that is still less popular in Indonesia, as compared to banana, citrus, mango, etc. To gain its popularity, it is crucial to review beneficial uses, existing production status and propagation techniques of sapodilla. In general, sapodilla is used for either table fresh fruit. Additionally, it contains various bioactivities in its fruit, stem, and leaves, such as antioxidant, antimicrobe, and antitumor activity; thus, become very potential for pharmaceutical purposes. The existing production data of sapodilla determine the West Java Province as the biggest production area in Indonesia, with total contribution of about 21% or 38.250 tons. In more detail, the top production area at the village level with a local sapodilla cultivar, namely Sukatali sapodilla, is found in Sukatali Village in Situraja Subdistrict, Sumedang District, West Java Province. Sapodilla can be propagated by using both reproductive and vegetative methods. Vegetative propagation of grafting is commonly used to produce shorter juvenile and uniform seedlings. However, it is highly dependent upon the grafting type, grafting season, and scion diameter. The modified cleft grafting is the best grafting type rather than cleft and veneer grafting. Several rootstocks that are commonly used for sapodilla seedling are Chrysophyllum lanceolatum and Manilkara hexandra. June-July is the best period to having grafting. The scion with a diameter of 5.02 mm is recommended due to adequate food reserves for recovery growth.

Amido bisphosphonic acid as anchoring agent and photopolymerization initiator onto zirconium oxide surface

The surface modification of metal oxides by grafting an organic molecule allows the development of new specific properties on demand. In this work, we demonstrate the modification of the Yttria Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystal (Y-TZP), which is a ceramic widely used in dental implantology, by polymer grafting of the surface in a three-steps protocol for tuning the wetting properties. The first step involved the preparation of zirconia pellet by sintering followed by their surface activation. In the second step, the organic initiator bearing a tertiary amine such as the N,N-dimethylamino group capable of initiating a radical photopolymerization reaction, was grafted onto the surface through a bisphosphonic acid functionality. In the last step, two monomers, namely methyl methacrylate and styrene, were photopolymerized on the zirconia surface by blue light irradiation.The chemical steps were monitored and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Wetting properties to different polar and nonpolar liquids and surface energies calculated with the Van Oss theory were found to vary systematically depending on the type of functionalization and grafting. This methodology is very promising for surface tuning of the dental ceramic.

Long-term Outcomes in the Smoking Claudicant After Elective Lower Extremity Bypass

Smoking is known to increase complications, including poor wound healing, coagulation abnormalities, and cardiac and pulmonary ramifications. Across specialties, elective surgical procedures are commonly denied to active smokers. Given the base population of active smokers with vascular disease, smoking cessation is encouraged but is not required the way it is in general surgery. We aim to study the outcomes of elective lower extremity bypass (LEB) in actively smoking claudicants. We queried the Vascular Quality Initiative VISION LEB database from 2003 to 2019. In this database we found 609 (10.0%) never smokers (NS), 3388 (55.3%) former smokers (FS), and 2123 (34.7%) current smokers (CS) who underwent LEB for claudication. We performed two separate propensity score matches without replacement on 25 clinical variables (age, gender, race, ethnicity, treatment setting, obesity, insurance, hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, previous coronary artery bypass grafting, carotid endarterectomy, major amputation, inflow treatment, preoperative medications and treatment type), one of FS to NS and a second analysis of CS to FS. Primary outcomes included 5-year overall survival (OS), limb salvage (LS), freedom from target lesion reintervention (FTR) and amputation-free survival (AFS). Propensity score matches resulted in 497 well-matched pairs of NS and FS. In this analysis we found no difference in terms of OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70-1.24; P = .61), LS (HR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.63-1.82; P = .80), FTR (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.73-1.23; P = .69), or AFS (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.71-1.2; P = .62) (Fig 1). In the second analysis, we had 1451 well-matched pairs of CS and FS. There was no difference in LS (HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.94-1.97; P = .10) or FTR (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.87-1.19; P = .85). However, we did find a significant increase in OS (HR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.15-1.64; P < .001) and AFS (HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.18-1.62; P < .001) (Fig 2) in FS compared to CS. Claudicants represent a unique nonemergent vascular patient population who can require LEB. Our study found that former smokers have better overall survival and amputation free survival when compared to current smokers, while former smokers mimic never smokers at 5-year outcomes for OS, LS, FTR, and AFS. Therefore, structured smoking cessation should be a more prominent part of vascular office visits before and after LEB and can even be considered a requirement prior to elective LEB procedures in claudicants.Fig 2Amputation-free survival (AFS) (5 years) for former smokers (FS) and current smokers (CS) after propensity score matching.View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT)

Three Generation β-Blockers for Atrial Fibrillation Treatment.

The efficiency of blood flowing from the heart depends on its electrical properties. Myocardial electrical activity is associated with generating cardiac action potentials in isolated myocardial cells and their coordinated propagation, which are mediated by gap junctions. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia which causes an aggressive disturbance in cardiac electromechanical function. Moreover, AF increases the risk of stroke and mortality and is a major cause of death. The mechanisms underlying AF involve electrophysiological changes in ion channel expression and function. β-blockers may be useful in patients with chronic AF or in preventing postoperative AF in subjects undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or other types of surgery. The reduction in heart rate induced by β1-adrenergic receptor antagonists may be associated with the beneficial effect of this drug class. Second generation beta-blockers may be considered superior to the first generation due to their selectivity to the β1 receptor as well as avoiding pulmonary or metabolic adverse effects. Third generation beta-blockers may be considered a great option for their vasodilation and antioxidant properties. There is also a new β-blocker, named landilol that also results on reduced risk of post operative AF without adverse effects and its use has been increasing in clinical trials.

Incidence and risk factors for surgical site infection after medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy using a locking T-shape plate.

Medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) is a well-established surgical method for treatment of isolated medial compartment osteoarthritis with varus deformity, but the surgical outcomes may be compromised by surgical site infection (SSI). This study aimed to investigate the incidence and the risk factors for SSI after MOWHTO. This retrospective study included consecutive patients who underwent MOWHTO for isolated medial compartment osteoarthritis with varus deformity in two tertiary referral hospitals from January 2019 and June 2021. Patients who developed SSI within 12 months of surgery were identified by inquiring the medical records for index hospitalisation, notes of after-discharge outpatient visits, or records of readmission for treatment of SSI. Univariate comparisons were performed to detect the differences between SSI and non-SSI groups, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors. Six hundred sixteen patients with 708 procedures were included and 30 (4.2%) cases of SSI occurred, with 0.6% rate for deep SSI and 3.6% for superficial. Univariate analyses showed significant difference between groups in terms of morbidity obesity (≥32 kg/m2 ) (20.0% vs 8.9%), comorbid diabetes (26.7% vs 11.1%), active smoking (20.0% vs 6.3%), time from admission to operation (5.2 ± 4.0 vs 4.1 ± 3.0), size of osteotomy ≥12 mm (40.0% vs 20.0%), type of bone grafting and lymphocyte count (2.1 ± 0.5 vs 1.9 ± 0.6). However, in the multivariate analysis, only active smoking (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.4-10.2), size of osteotomy ≥12 mm (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.3-5.9) and allogeneic/artificial vs no bone grafting (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.0-10.8) remained significant. SSI was not uncommon after MOWHTO, but the majority was superficial. The identified three independent factors, including smoking, size of osteotomy ≥12 mm and allogeneic/artificial bone grafting would help risk assessment and stratification, target risk factor modification and clinical surveillance, and inform patient counselling.

Intraspecific grafting and anatomical compatibility of Eugenia stipitata Mc Vaugh

The E. stipitata is a native fruit tree from the Amazon, currently in the domestication phase due to its high nutritional and economic potential. In this process, studies aiming at the technical feasibility of propagating materials with desirable agronomic qualities are necessary but still incipient. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate different grafting methods forE. stipitata propagation and the compatibility between scion and rootstock using anatomical analysis as a tool. For the experiment, a randomized block design was used in a split-plot scheme over time, with three replications. The plots consisted of three grafting types: cleft grafting, side-veneer grafting, and budding. The subplots were four evaluation times: 30, 60, 90, and 120 days after grafting (DAG). The evaluated variables were the grafting success rate, the number of shoots per graft, shoot length, and shoot diameter. There was a significant interaction between the factors under study. During the experimental period, an increasing grafting success rate and the number of shoots emitted were observed for budding, although with a low success rate. Through cleft grafting, there was a complete loss of shoots at 120 DAG, leading to the subsequent death of all tissues. Budding grafting appears as a promising method for E. stipitata propagation, demonstrating vascular tissue connection feasibility, although this effect did not reflect in the grafting success rate.