Graduate Level Research Articles

Flight PK8303 crash: a disastrous failure of human factors

Research methodology The case study was developed based on secondary data from the publicly available initial accident report of PIA flight PK8303. The facts presented in the report were then analyzed in the light of the Human Factor Analysis and Classification System (HFACS). Case overview/synopsis The case revolves around the terrible aviation mishap that occurred on May 22, 2020, when Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) Flight 8303 crashed in a Karachi residential area. A total of 97 people lost their lives in this tragedy, and it was Pakistan’s 18th major aviation disaster. The case study explores the human errors and failures of ground handling agencies, air traffic controllers, regulatory agencies, airline employees and cockpit crew by using the HFACS. The focus remains on mistakes made by people, which revolve around inefficient and ineffective communication, and contempt of safety regulations at various stages of flight PK8303. Complexity academic level The case study is designed for the students of aviation management at undergraduate and graduate levels.

Need Analysis of Pakistani English Teachers Teaching at University Level: A Study of Skills and Digital Collaboration

This article analyses the English language Teachers’ skills and the use of digital tools from two perspectives: Importance and their application in both academic and professional circumstances. Additionally, the researchers review teachers' usage of emails, instant messaging, social networks, and various educational platforms to ascertain key differences in tool usage and preferences across the two groups. The sample of the study is 40 teachers teaching at graduate and postgraduate levels in Pakistan, selected as a convenient sampling process. Mean and standard deviation values are found through modified questionnaires of digital collaboration and skills used in the study of Mena-Guacas et al. (2024) having 24 questions. The study concludes that while graduates are focused on the verbal tools needed for contact with the professional world, postgraduates concentrate on contact with tools of a higher level, intended for research and teaching. Moreover, the study assesses the importance of educational platforms, wikis, and collaborative tools and reports that such tools were popular with teachers interested in improving the quality of learning. These findings also lead to the conclusion that there is a need to recommend applications and appropriate training programs to promote teachers’ digital literacy and oral communication competence and recommend the integration of advanced digital tools into class settings. Lastly, the article mentions certain areas that could be researched in the future including the role of modern technologies in teaching and learning outcomes, the effectiveness of professional development programs for teachers, and various cultural aspects regarding the use of the tools commonly.

Storm Peak Laboratory: A Research and Training Facility for the Atmospheric Sciences

Abstract Storm Peak Laboratory, located on the Steamboat Springs Ski Resort in Colorado on the west summit of Mount Werner at 10,532 ft (3220 m) ASL, is an internationally recognized high-elevation atmospheric research station that has been in use for over 40 years. This article provides a brief history of the Storm Peak Laboratory and the major research themes it has supported and discusses opportunities to leverage mountain observatory measurements to advance our understanding of the atmospheric processes. This facility provides long-term measurements of meteorology, clouds, aerosols, snow hydrology and atmospheric gases, and serves as a “proving ground” for instrument development and testing. Storm Peak Laboratory is part of multiple national and international observational networks. Due to the unique capabilities of Storm Peak Laboratory, there is a long history of targeted field campaigns primarily within the following research areas: mixed phase cloud microphysics, atmospheric chemistry pertaining to the formation, characterization, and hygroscopicity of aerosols; and transport and transformation of atmospheric mercury. Research training has been central to the mission of SPL over the last 40 years. Currently, SPL hosts both undergraduate and graduate level courses in atmospheric science and snow hydrology organized by numerous institutions. Examples of these unique research training opportunities are provided.

Research Methods for Dissertations on the Architecture Doctoral Program

The output produced by a student at the high program level is a dissertation. This phenomenon is present in almost all universities at the undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate program level, which requires students to master the philosophy of science as a compulsory course. The foundation is to search for science using logic, epistemology, and methodology. Many research methods can be used in a dissertation, depending on the research topic and the concept of the research paradigm. With the literature study method, this paper aims to provide an overview of the research methods commonly used in dissertation, especially for architectural doctoral programs. The point of view includes understanding, the outline of philosophical thinking and concepts, writing goals and steps, and examples of architectural methods.

Special Education Teacher Preparation in PBIS for Students With Extensive Support Needs

ABSTRACTSchool‐wide positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBIS) is a multi‐tiered system of supports that promotes a safe and equitable school environment by supporting the social, emotional, and behavioral needs of all students, including those with extensive support needs (ESN). Research suggests not all students with ESN access and meaningfully participate in all aspects of PBIS, in part due to teachers' misconceptions and negative beliefs concerning the involvement of students with ESN in PBIS. In response to calls for research focused on teacher preparation in this area, we conducted an exploratory survey study of 34 course instructors in undergraduate and graduate teacher preparation programs that prepare special education teachers of students with ESN with a specific focus on universal, Tier 1 PBIS. Instructors at the undergraduate and graduate levels reported addressing a wide range of content focused largely on knowledge acquisition, with fewer reports of course activities involving skill development and practice‐based applications. Overall, instructors viewed the inclusion of content focused on PBIS for students with ESN as important. We present detailed findings, implications for special education teacher preparation programs, and directions for future research extending this line of inquiry.

Exames periciais nas investigações de crimes que envolvem animais: uma revisão

ABSTRACT: In the investigation of crimes involving animals and animal-origin products or by-products, forensic veterinary medicine plays a crucial role through examinations and analyses of evidence related to the cases. In addition to veterinary forensics, other forensic sciences frequently contribute to solving these types of crimes. Drawing on the extensive experience of the Federal Police’s criminal investigations in Brazil and the specialized forensic veterinary and scientific expertise developed at the stricto sensu Graduate level at the University of Brasília, this review provides an updated and comprehensive analysis of the most relevant expert examinations supporting investigations into animal-related crimes, with a focus on the Brazilian context. The review covers key aspects of forensic examinations conducted by criminal experts, including forensic entomology, forensic toxicology, imaging techniques, taxonomic identifications, bird rings, investigations of mistreatment, forensic veterinary pathology, forensic genetics, and isotope ratio analysis. The field of veterinary forensics, with its diverse resources, established techniques, highly trained and continually updated experts, and the latest advancements in criminalistics, is essential for properly addressing judicial demands.

Problem based neuroanatomy of cranial nerves: case of nerve intermedius

IntroductionNeuroanatomy taught at Medical School needs to be clinically meaningful and guide future acquisition of knowledge helpful in diagnosing and treating patients. Problem-based anatomy has been used to help bridge the gap between knowledge acquired in the lab and the requirements needed for daily medical practice. ObjectiveThis study evaluates the inception of data from Anatomage© Table combined with microsurgical dissection of cadaveric human injected specimens, as auxiliary to acquisition of anatomical milestones required for the cranial nerves, for medical students.MethodsThe study was conducted at Medical School of Pernambuco, Brazil. The Anatomage Table 10.0 was browsed for clinical cases, whose images would illustrate potential or overt pathological involvement of at least one segment of a cranial nerve. Each case was combined with microsurgical anatomy of the region to build an independent, question-lead, educational content, clarifying the anatomical milestones required to interpret, evaluate and treat similar patients. ResultsSeventeen illustrative clinical cases were selected for this purpose among 52 in-built cases at this version of the anatomical table. The inclusion of clinical cases brought a new appeal for the cranial nerve content, since it could be included both at graduation or post-graduate levels. Beyond signaling the continuous, individual process of learning anatomy, it also offers support beyond the lab walls, for the student on his/her individual learning journey. Conclusion This study displays the potential of technological tools, when combined with other resources, namely microsurgical dissections, to allow for creation of new and clinically significant learning resources.

The Syndrome of Academic Burnout Experienced by Graduate Psychology Students. The Stress Factor

The aim of the study was to investigate the burnout syndrome experienced by postgraduate psychology students and the role of stress. 101 graduate level psychology students participated in the study. This was a sample survey using a self-report questionnaire. Regarding the level of burn out experienced by graduate psychology students, the results of the survey indicate that the students experience low levels of academic burn out. Regarding the level of stress experienced by psychology graduate students, the results show that participants experience moderate levels of idiosyncratic stress and moderate to high levels of situational stress. The analysis showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the means between males and females. Regarding the relationship between academic burnout and anxiety, Pearson r analysis showed that there is no correlation between the two concepts.

KNOWLEDGE, CONCEPTION AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS HBV AND HCV AMONG DENTISTS IN DUHOK PROVINCE; KURDISTAN REGION OF IRAQ

ABSTRACT Background: Healthcare workers including physicians, dentists, nurses and laboratory workers are considered to be among the groups at the risk of blood-borne pathogen transmission. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and conception of Duhok province dentists toward bloodborne viruses HBV and HCV regarding transmission, treatment, and prevention; furthermore, to know their attitude in dealing with HCV or HBV positive patients Method: It’s a cross sectional that had performed by asking dentists from Duhok province to fulfill a standardized online based questionnaire. There were four main parts in the questionnaire; demographic data collection, general HBV and HCV information, attitude questions and prevention questions. Result: One hundred eighty-seven dentists had participated in the study, 54% were males. The mean age of the participants was 28.48 ± SD 7.53. The mean experience years of study population was 5.87 ± SD 6.39. Eighty-one (43.3%), 122 (65.2%), and 101 (54%) dentists out of 187 had good knowledge, favorable attitude, and good preventive practices toward HBV & HCV, respectively. Good knowledge frequency was more common among dentists whose ages were above 40 years, and among those with MSc or PhD degree, p=0.016 and 0.03, respectively. Whilst good preventive practices against HBV & HCV was more common among more experience dentists p= 0.001, 0.008 respectively. HBV vaccine coverage is 98.8% Conclusion: Duhok dentists at under and post- graduate levels necessitates improving educational programs and regular dental auditing. The HBV vaccine coverage is highly satisfactory.

The Interplay of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations with Challenges and Learning Preferences among Iraqi EFL University Students Enrolling in English Departments

The aim of this study is to investigate the motivation of the Iraqi EFL students, the factors that discourage their pursuing of the language studies and the available options that the Iraqi students consider in learning the language. A questionnaire was conducted to 124 EFL students enrolled in the Department of English at the College of Education/University of Kufa. The results revealed students are strongly dependent on extrinsic motivation that comes from the pre-university level educational experience. The most important extrinsic motivation that propels the students to study English is improving the job opportunities in the market along with improving the academic options in the post graduate level. The result also shows that intrinsic motivation such as the student' interest in the English culture and literature have less effect on their learning motivation. Additionally, the study designates some challenges that impede the learning process, including limited exposure to English outside the classroom, issues within the educational system and socioeconomic factors that hinder students' learning. Furthermore, the research highlights the importance of teacher-student dynamics. In terms of learning preferences, the students are interested in interactive and multimedia resources in addition to traditional classroom experience. The paper offers some recommendations for enhancing student's motivation and engagement through targeted interventions, such as incorporating practical applications, extracurricular activities, and access to digital resources. These findings contribute to the understanding of EFL education in Iraq and offer insights for teachers and policymakers aiming to improve English language learning outcomes in the region.

Anti-racist and inclusive mentoring in social work doctoral education

ABSTRACT Doctoral social work education is challenged to revisit how we mentor the next generation of social work scholars to decolonize and de-center whiteness in social work research, education, and practice. Building on the existing literature and adopting the Delphi technique with four Delphi rounds that were based on a dialogue with 100 participants at a webinar on anti-racist and inclusive mentoring, an expert panel including members representing doctoral program directors, deans and directors, the Social Work Grand Challenges board on Eliminating Racism, BIPOC scholars, and a doctoral student collaboratively developed this model. This mentoring model included three interconnected components. An explicit definition of Anti-racist & Inclusive Mentoring provides a useful frame to clearly articulate the second component that focuses on action, steps, and strategies of this mentoring process. Effective anti-racist & inclusive mentoring is understood as a parallel process operating at multi-levels including the individual, interpersonal, institutional, and society level. Coordinated anti-racist and inclusive mentoring process efforts will lead to outcomes that include long-term and sustainable system changes and institutional changes. The Anti-Racist & Inclusive Mentoring Model highlights the importance of an interconnected and coordinated effort at multi-levels to create sustainable and impactful mentorship embedded in individual, interpersonal and system changes at school and institutional levels. In addition to doctoral education, the mentoring model will have useful implications for mentoring social work students at undergraduate and graduate levels.

Business resilience in digital future: a short case study on Etisalat, UAE

Research methodology The idea for this case study evolved from the latest technological developments in the UAE and Etisalat’s role in digital facilities in particular. Being one of the Etisalat’s customer, an author wanted to develop a short case study on its resilience approach and strategic focus on digital future. The data for this short case study was collected through published sources, company website, personal visits to some branches of the company and author’s experience and priori knowledge on the topic. The one-on-one interviews with some employees helped to collect the authentic information on the history, nature of company’s business, company’s projects, IT setup and customer happiness centers. Case overview/synopsis Etisalat has set directions following the development of UAE. Etisalat did not have many challenges, as there are not many competitors in the telecom sector. The significant problems are on customer preferences, employees’ capability and governmental initiatives in technological reforms. Customer preferences refer to the demands in quick service, employees’ capability refers to the company’s response to technical issues, and governmental initiatives refer to connect all entities and different emirates at the federal level. UAE’s new initiatives in innovation, research, artificial intelligence and technological reforms in business are particularly focused on career welfare, organizational welfare and country welfare. The relevant literature on digital future and Etisalat’s approach as cited in the main case would benefit instructors and students. They can relate the major trends of business resilience and digital future with the modern technology management. The literature also connects the business resilience and digital future with the technological aspects as mentioned in the case study. Complexity academic level This case study is best suited for use in business management and technology management courses at undergraduate and graduate levels. The case study is also suitable for use in international business management focusing on business resilience, business intelligence and technology management aspects. The topics related to business resilience and digital transformation would be suitable for discussion. Following are the couple of resources than can be a good idea for some concepts on digital world.

Strategic leader or impulsive billionaire: Elon Musk’s early moves to turnaround Twitter

Research methodology This case was developed using secondary sources, including newspapers, periodicals and academic references. Case overview/synopsis This case examines tech billionaire Elon Musk’s early moves after taking over Twitter and whether those moves demonstrated strategic leadership. During the acquisition, many people were torn between whether Musk’s leadership would lead to this company’s turnaround or demise. Musk’s early moves after his acquisition provided evidence for both arguments. He conducted mass firings, insisted on long and intense hours from those who remained, and pursued a subscription model that provided user authentication and allowed most banned accounts back on the platform. Many felt these early moves were chaotic, whereas others thought it was necessary. Did Musk’s early moves demonstrate strategic leadership or impulsive behavior? Complexity academic level This case, designed for strategic management or strategic leadership courses at the graduate and undergraduate levels, has been rigorously tested in a classroom setting. It was successfully used with undergraduate business students in a strategic management course, supporting the chapter on strategic leadership.

Motivation to Become a Teacher: Emerging Trends From a Study of Preservice Teacher Education

This article explores the question, ‘what motivates the choice of teaching as a profession?’ Availability of adequate teachers, professionally qualified in institutions of higher education to meet the curricular and structural challenges of school education, is a critical policy concern. This article is based on a study of 54 student-teachers enrolled in a teacher education programme at a multi-disciplinary university. Student–teacher responses to a survey reveal that teaching was the first choice for almost three-fourths of the participants. Based on a three-fold categorisation of motivation as intrinsic, altruistic and extrinsic, participants are found to be strongly motivated in intrinsic and altruistic terms, further influenced by four demographic factors namely, gender, social category, type of school attended and discipline at the level of graduation. Extrinsic motivation is found to be related to social category and medium of instruction at the graduation level. Participants from marginalised backgrounds demonstrate stronger intrinsic and altruistic motivation compared to those belonging to general categories. They exhibit high levels of extrinsic motivation as well. These results are examined in the broader structural context of teacher education; implications for research, policy and practice are discussed.

Influence of Perceived Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy on Entrepreneurial Intentions: A Case Study of College Students in Guangxi, China

In Guangxi, China, the proportion of college students who start their own businesses is very low, so this study investigated the relationships between their perceived entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions. Four dimensions of entrepreneurial self-efficacy were examined, namely, opportunity identification, innovation and change, risk tolerance, and relationship coordination. A survey was distributed to students at 15 universities in Guangxi from the sophomore year to the graduate level, and 2,131 valid responses were received. The results showed positive and significant (p < .01) relationships involving students’ entrepreneurial intentions linked to self-efficacy, namely, opportunity identification efficacy, risk tolerance efficacy, and relationship coordination efficacy, with adjusted R2 of .299, .404, and .318 respectively. Studying the factors that influence students’ entrepreneurial intentions may provide theoretical support for optimizing entrepreneurial policies, creating entrepreneurial environments, and reforming entrepreneurial education.

Investigation on Reasons for Normal University Students' Willingness to Enter Teaching Employment in the Post-Pandemic Era

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the global economy and society, both during the pandemic and in the post-pandemic era. Against this background, normal university students, as the main force in cultivating educational talents, have attracted attention regarding their employment intentions. This study focuses on normal university students from a university in Zhejiang province. By investigating and collecting relevant data through interviews and questionnaires, the study explores the reasons for the employment intentions of students under the influence of the pandemic, aiming to discuss methods to enhance the employment management level of normal graduates. The survey results indicate that due to the pandemic, the employment opportunities for normal university students are limited. However, their enthusiasm for the education sector remains undiminished, and a sense of social responsibility persists. They also demonstrate a strong interest in education reform and innovation. Therefore, various measures should be taken to increase the employment opportunities and satisfaction of normal university students, thereby promoting the development of the education sector.

رؤى أكاديمية لاحتياجات ومتطلبات سوق العمل اقتصادياً للمدة 2012-2022

Despite the efforts made to develop and adapt the outputs of higher education to the requirements of the labor market and the needs of the society and improve it to achieve the desired goals. Despite the large increase in the number of universities, the low levels of graduates and the lack of adaptation to the requirements of the market and the needs of the community for many reasons, the productive and general economic situation of the country is unable to absorb the large numbers of graduates and the lack of planning from the concerned authorities to accommodate the large numbers of graduates. The problem of unemployment and the employment of the national workforce is one of the most important issues with social, economic and political implications in Iraq. An important explanation for the unemployment problem is the inadequacy of higher education outputs for labor market needs, In addition to identify some indicators of higher education in Iraq for future planning on realistic grounds.

STUDENT WELL-BEING AS AN IMPORTANT INDICATOR OF QUALITY ASSURANCE

Caring for the well-being of students represents one of the many challenges for maintaining the continuity of the quality assurance system within higher education institutions whose students are important stakeholders. In addition, learning and teaching focused on students, as well as their well-being, are part of the ESG standards, indispensable in the process of evaluating the quality of study programs in national and international frameworks. This motivated us to research the perception of the dimensions of student well-being. The aim of the work was to identify the perceptions of the dimension of student well-being in the student population and to investigate the role of innovative approaches and the application of new technological solutions in collecting student feedback and improving the quality assurance system. The above-mentioned goals were incorporated into the framework of an online survey conducted in 2024 on Zagreb School of Business students as part of the StudentPulse platform. The results showed differences in the perception of certain dimensions of well-being between students with regard to the undergraduate and graduate level of study. Furthermore, the use of digital technologies in the approach to students proved to be motivating for their engagement and interaction, as well as that the introduction of innovations can improve the internal quality assurance system.

ANÁLISE DAS LESÕES TRAUMATO-ORTOPÉDICAS EM PRATICANTES DE JIU- JÍTSU NA CATEGORIA ADULTA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Jiu-jitsu, an ancient Japanese martial art, was refined as a self-defense system. Mitsuyo Maeda’s arrival in Brazil was a milestone in the dissemination of jiu-jitsu, introducing techniques, culture, and philosophy associated with the martial art. Carlos Gracie, his most notable student, distributed in 1925 by the first jiu-jitsu school in Brazil, adapting it and emphasizing grappling. Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu gained global prominence after Royce Gracie’s victory in the UFC in 1993. A study seeks to investigate the most common orthopedic injuries among jiu-jitsu practitioners in the adult category, seeking to understand their relationship with age group and level of graduation. Using an integrative review approach, with the search for data on frequency, location, age, and graduation of the athletes, in addition to the techniques involved. In conclusion, we can highlight the importance of physiotherapy in prevention and treatment, proposing preventive measures based on the identified patterns. The study aims to contribute to more efficient clinical practices, promoting the health and safety of practitioners.

Evaluation of Nursing Program Values in Nursing Course Assignments.

Using Burris and Owens' (2024) values-based framework, nursing faculty at a Christian university evaluated curriculum and organizational core values (I-CARE values) to identify how the values were incorporated in nursing program course assignments. The university's I-CARE values are considered a means to develop professionalism in nursing students. The evaluation identified gaps in implementation of the organizational core I-CARE values in assignments at the baccalaureate and graduate levels. Resulting implications for nurse educators provide insights that can be applied to other nursing courses and programs. Applicable Scripture and ethical considerations are discussed.