Graduate Surgical Education Research Articles

Television technics in graduate surgical education

Television technics have tremendous major application in graduate surgical education. We have devised a multimedia display technic which has the advantages of being simple, economical, convenient, and stimulating. By combining the reportorial excellence of 35 mm color slides with the dynamic qualities of television, we have developed a unit which holds the individual's attention and communicates to him forceably. The rapid, inexpensive production of tapes permits building of a multimedia tape library. We are looking for future methods of securing two-way communication between the teacher on the television screen and the student in the television audience. Television technics have tremendous major application in graduate surgical education. We have devised a multimedia display technic which has the advantages of being simple, economical, convenient, and stimulating. By combining the reportorial excellence of 35 mm color slides with the dynamic qualities of television, we have developed a unit which holds the individual's attention and communicates to him forceably. The rapid, inexpensive production of tapes permits building of a multimedia tape library. We are looking for future methods of securing two-way communication between the teacher on the television screen and the student in the television audience.

Announcement of Committee to Consider Innovative Changes in Neurosurgical Residency Training Programs

R ECENTLY the American Board of Neurological Surgery received the following communication from the American Surgical Association relating to training programs: American Surgical Association recognizes the need for a basic and broad graduate education for all surgical specialists which embraces a thorough education in patient care, operative technique, and the medical and clinical science required for a comprehension of the problems common to all fields of surgery. The Association further recognizes the need for the surgical staff of selected teaching hospitals to have the opportunity to experiment with different methods of providing such experiences. It therefore recommends that the surgical boards and their respective residency review committees provide with appropriate surveillance the opportunity for selected teaching hospitals to conduct experiments in graduate surgical education without adhering to the customary requirements of the boards and residency review committees. In accordance with these recommendations, the American Board of Neurological Surgery has indicated an interest in considering innovations in training programs which may fall outside the customary Board requirements. The Board has appointed the following Committee to receive and review proposed innovations in individual training programs and to submit these to the Board for appropriate action: James G. Galbraith, M.D., Chairman William E. Hunt, M.D. Arthur A. Ward, Jr., M.D.

Graduate surgical education in the community hospital.

To have been president of this association for the past year has been a great honor, an honor that I feel I should share with my colleagues in the nonuniversity hospitals. Two years ago my several predecessors warned me that I should start immediately to think about the observations which I now wish to present to you. Walter Bauer in a presidential address spoke of its preparation as an awesome duty and a lonely task. I concur with him. My graduate training in surgery was orthodox. Residencies then were limited mainly to hospitals directly associated with medical schools, and many were of the pyramidal type. The late Elliott C. Cutler and one of our recent presidents, Robert M. Zollinger, were responsible for my formative years. When I left their tutelage to be a surgeon in a midwestern community I tried to follow their precepts. Residents in surgery were nonexistant there,