Gradient Manner Research Articles

Maneuvering Strategically with Corkscrewing in Satirical News Programs

The study aims to build the infrastructure of corkscrewing on an extended pragma-dialectical[i] ground, represented the theory of strategic maneuvering launched in (2002) by Eemern and Houtlosser. The methodology followed involves defining corkscrewing as a strategic concept subsuming goal and audience int its structure, and showing how this concept appeals to each of the three aspects of strategic maneuvering in order to be considered as one of its modes. It has been discovered that the three aspects are not equally instantiated, rather they are represented in a gradient manner. So, those aspects cannot be strictly considered 'inseparable', as called by their advocators, because they have been proved to be separable in corkscrewing yet working successfully. The study recommends investigating this phenomenon in other cultures and compare the results because culture-specificity may lead to vary strategies in a scalar way, thus it could be useful to study it within another culture to investigate whether it undergoes the same path of ‘thisness’ or not. The genre intended to be investigated is satirical news programs as they are specifically representative of what such a phenomenon requires.

Diatom frustule-inspired elastic metamaterials

Although a universally accepted definition of elastic metamaterials does not exist yet, the latter are often associated to man-made or artificially engineered media possessing properties typically not available in Nature. Pioneering studies have recently demonstrated that complex structural organizations, often arranged in a periodic and/or gradient manner and spanning multiple length scales, typically found in many biological systems, exhibit extraordinary absorption/reflection functionalities enhanced by local resonances or Bragg scattering mechanisms. This has opened the road to new designs of bio-inspired metamaterial. In this context, here we investigate the elastic dynamic response of diatom frustules, i.e., the exoskeleton structures of photosynthetic algae ubiquitously present throughout the planet in water environments. Firstly, we analyse and record their structural arrangement in nano- and micro- scales by using the Scanning Electro Microscopy (SEM) and the optical profilometer. The results of the analysis are transferred to the metamaterial design. Secondly, through numerical models, we show the possibility of certain frustule-inspired geometries to behave as frequency selective elastic filters thanks to the presence of elastic bandgaps. The work herein contributes to the perspective of elastic metamaterials inspired by Nature.

Effects of triaxial rolling on the microstructure and installation characteristics of reactor pressure vessel studs

Reactor pressure vessel (RPV) studs are key components of nuclear reactors, and their connection with flange ensures the sealing of the RPV under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. In the present work, the external threads of the RPV stud were prepared by triaxial rolling, and the texture evolution of the external thread root material of an RPV stud was predicted by finite element analysis coupled with viscoplastic self-consistent simulations. The microstructure of the external thread root material of RPV stud was characterized by scanning electron microscope and electron back-scattered diffraction. The installation characteristics of the turned and rolled parts of the RPV stud were tested by installation and pretightening tests. It was found that the dynamic recrystallization at the external thread root formed ultrafine tempered sorbite grains, high-angle grain boundaries (47%), and strong {111} <110> and {111} <112> textures. In the installation and pretightening test, the residual elongation of rolled parts was reduced by 6% under the same loading pressure. The triaxial rolling process distributed the microstructure of the external thread root of the RPV stud in a gradient manner, resulting in improved stud installation characteristics.

Anti-lipase Activity of Kemuning (Murraya paniculata) Leaves Extract and Its Fractions

Kemuning (Murraya paniculata) belongs to the Rutaceae family, it grows a lot in tropical areas such as Indonesia. Traditionally, Kemuning leaves are used for weight loss preparations and are believed to contain compounds that can inhibit pancreatic lipase, including flavonoids. This study aimed to reveal the antilipase activity of Kemuning leaves extract and its fractions. The extraction of Kemuning leaves was carried out by maceration with 70% ethanol as solvent. The vacuum liquid chromatography method was used to separate the secondary metabolites in the extract with the stationary phase of silica gel and the eluent mixture of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol in a gradient manner. Meanwhile, the antilipase activity was tested by colorimetric method, with p-nitrophenyl butyrate as a substrate and orlistat as a positive control. The extract obtained was 19.94% of the weight of the simplicia. The separated extract was collected in 20 flasks and then combined based on the Rf value of the spots observed on thin layer chromatography (TLC) producing 8 fractions (fractions A-H). The percentage yields of fractions A-H were 1.20, 1.33, 1.80, 3.92, 3.57, 4.20, 16.85, and 14.47%, respectively. Antilipase activity was indicated by IC50 values, which were 17.603 ± 1.660 and 108.554 ± 1.660 µg/mL for orlistat and extract, respectively. The antilipase activities of fractions A-H were 130.19 ± 2.90, 119.52 ± 1.95, 96.95 ± 1.81, 91.65 ± 0.78, 95.30 ± 1.46, 114.76 ± 2.87, 127.07 ± 3.56, and 134,04 ± 3.16 µg/mL, respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the extract and its fractions exhibit very strong antilipase activity. Keywords: Murraya paniculata; extract; fraction; antilipase

Thermal and Near-Infrared Light-Responsive Hydrogel Actuators with Spatiotemporally Developed Polypyrrole Patterns.

Conjugated polymers are commonly adopted to develop electro- and photoresponsive materials due to their superior electronic conductivity and phototothermal convertibility. However, they are usually homogeneously polymerized within the network, which makes their functionalities challenging to spatiotemporally modulate. In this work, we report a convenient and extensible method to develop polypyrrole patterns in a thermally responsive sodium alginate/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel. The polypyrrole pattern is developed by spatial photoreduction of Fe3+ ions into Fe2+ ions and subsequently initiating oxidation polymerization of pyrrole by the residual Fe3+ ions. During this process, carboxylate groups coordinated with Fe3+ ions are also sacrificed in a gradient manner along the thickness direction, and the resulting concentration gradients of the carboxylate group endow the hydrogel with thermal-responsive actuation. The polymerized polypyrrole also renders the hydrogels' prominent temperature-rising behaviors upon NIR light irradiation. By designing the PPy pattern, hydrogels can exhibit versatile actuating behaviors and execute mechanical works such as lifting objects. This method is convenient and can be extended to develop other conjugated polymers in hydrogel systems for versatile applications.

Design and Simulation of Enhancement-Mode Vertical Superjunction GaN HEMT with Improved Ron and Cut-Off Frequency

GaN-based vertical superjunction high electron mobility transistors (HEMT) are recent avenues for power transistors. In this work, an enhancement mode vertical superjunction GaN-HEMT with gradient doping (GDP-SJ HEMT) is proposed and analyzed. In the GDP-SJ HEMT, the n-pillar doping concentration increases in a gradient manner from top to bottom. Whereas the concentration of the p-pillar is uniform and equivalent to the doping of the middle of the n-pillar. By optimizing the device design and doping profile, the specific-on resistance (Ron,sp) of the device has been reduced from 5.0 mΩ-cm2 to 3.79 mΩ-cm2. To the best of our knowledge, the frequency performance of vertical SJ HEMT has not been documented in the literature. As a result, we also performed a frequency study. The cut-off frequency (f T) of the proposed device is 78 MHz and the maximum frequency (f MAX) is 71 MHz. The device optimization increases the f T by 89% i.e. 148 MHz and f MAX by 67% i.e. 119 MHz.

Thermoelectric performance enhancement in Sr0.9La0.1TiO3-based ceramics by high-pressure, high-temperature treatment

As an oxide thermoelectric material, the adjustment of oxygen vacancy plays an important role in strontium titanate (SrTiO3). Traditional synthesis methods typically necessitate post-synthesis reduction annealing to optimize its electrical properties. However, the oxygen vacancy concentration of samples synthesized by this approach may be distributed in a gradient manner. In this study, a high-temperature and high-pressure (HPHT) synthesis treatment was adopted, incorporating titanium powder into the raw material. This novel approach leverages the closed environment created by high pressure and the robust oxygen-trapping capabilities of titanium powder at elevated temperatures. It resulted in enhanced electrical properties in synthesized samples without the need for reduction annealing. Building upon this achievement, we successfully synthesized SrTiO3 samples doped with lanthanum (La) at different pressures. The sample synthesized at 5GPa demonstrated an optimal zT value of 0.22 at 973 K. This work provides a novel approach to the effective synthesis and improved electrical properties of strontium-based thermoelectric materials.

Fabricating 3D Moisture- and NIR Light-Responsive Actuators by a One-Step Gradient Stress-Relaxation Process.

Polymeric materials that can actuate under the stimulation of environmental signals have attracted considerable attention in fields including artificial muscles, soft robotics, implantable devices, etc. To date, the improvement of shape-changing flexibility is mainly limited by their unchangeable shapes and structural and compositional distributions. In this work, we report a one-step treatment process to convert 2D poly(ethylene oxide)/sodium alginate/tannic acid thin films into 3D-shaped moisture- and NIR light-responsive actuators. Spatial surface wetting of the film leads to the release of residual stress generated in film formation in a gradient manner, which drives the wetted regions to bidirectionally bend. By controlling the position and bending amplitude of the wetted regions, designated 3D shapes can be obtained. Moreover, Fe3+ ions in the aqueous solution used for surface wetting can coordinate with carboxylate groups in sodium alginate chains to form a gradient cross-linking network. This gradient network can not only stabilize the resulting 3D shape but also render the film with moisture-responsive morphing behaviors. Fe3+ ions can also self-assemble with tannic acid molecules to form photothermal aggregates, making the film responsive to NIR light. We further show that films with versatile 3D shapes and different modes of deformation can be fabricated by a one-step treatment process. This strategy is convenient and extendable to develop 3D-shaped polymer actuators with flexible shape-changing behaviors.

Development and validation of an eco-friendly HPLC–UV method for determination of atorvastatin and vitamin D3 in pure form and pharmaceutical formulation

Statin-associated muscle symptoms are considered as obvious adverse effects of prolonged statin therapy such as myopathy, myalgia, and rhabdomyolysis. These side effects are associated with vitamin D3 deficiency and can be adjusted by amendment of serum vitamin D3 level. Green chemistry aims to decrease the harmful effects of analytical procedures. Here we have developed a green and eco-friendly HPLC method for the determination of atorvastatin calcium and vitamin D3. The two drugs were separated in less than 10 min on Symmetry column C18 (100 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 µm) using a mixture consisting of 0.1% ortho-phosphoric acid (OPA) (pH = 2.16) and ethanol as the mobile phase in gradient manner. We have used Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) tools and the Analytical GREEnness Metric Approach (AGREE) for assessment of the greenness of our proposed method. The method proved linearity over concentration ranges of (5–40) and (1–8) µg/ml with low limit of detection of 0.475 and 0.041 µg/ml for atorvastatin calcium and vitamin D3 respectively. The method was successfully validated in accordance with ICH instructions and utilized for determination of the drugs of interest either in pure form or in their pharmaceuticals.

Probing plastic mechanisms in gradient dual-phase high-entropy alloys under nanoindentation

The plastic deformation mechanisms of gradient nanostructured high entropy alloys (HEAs) subjected to nanoindentation tests have been examined. First, we have constructed gradient glass/crystal (GGC) dual-phase HEAs by embedding crystalline CoCrFeNi HEA grains into CoCrFeNiAlx (x = 0.5, 1, and 2) metallic glass (MG) matrix in a gradient manner, leading to a gradient change in both the grain size and MG matrix shell thickness. Then, nanoindentation tests on the specimens under proper boundary and loading conditions are simulated by molecular dynamics software. It is found that the gradient-distributed MG shell effectively reduces the degree of strain localization within the region around the indenter, which results in a considerable hardening effect, thanks to the coexistence of both dislocation motion in the grain phase and plastic flow activated simultaneously in the MG phase. The results also show that the damage tolerance of GGC specimens is higher than that of the polycrystalline specimen because gradient-distributed MG phases can effectively prevent FCC to HCP transformation. Besides, the Al addition in the gradient-distributed MG shell can reduce its deformation propagation capability, weakening the hardening effect. The proposed method of constructing GGC can be promisingly helpful, for example, in the surface engineering of high-entropy alloys.

Thermoset polymer composites with gradient natural and synthetic fiber reinforcement: Self-healing, shape-memory, and fiber recyclability

Natural fibers have high potential as renewable reinforcement for polymers; however, their lower load-carrying capacity compared to synthetic fibers significantly limits the wide application in fiber-reinforced polymer composites. In laminated composite beams under bending load, the normal stress is the highest on the top and bottom layers but is zero at the mid-plane, with almost a linear normal strain distribution. Although the shear stress is the highest at the mid-plane, it may not be a major concern as most polymers can survive the high shear stress. Using this concept, we have designed a hybrid fiber reinforcement in a gradient manner: from the surface to the mid-plane were carbon fiber, glass fiber, and natural jute fiber, respectively. A newly synthesized self-healable shape memory polymer was used for laminating the fibers. Performance characterizations demonstrated that even using a significant amount of natural fibers in the composites, the samples with gradient fiber reinforcement showed competitive mechanical properties to fully carbon or glass fiber reinforced composites and much higher mechanical properties than the composite prepared with entirely natural fibers or glass fibers. For example, the gradient composites show up to 550 % flexural strength of the composites made of fully natural fibers, and around 14 % and 34 % higher flexural strength than that of the composites made of pure glass and pure carbon fibers, respectively. In addition, the composites retain excellent self-healing, shape-recovery, and fiber-recycling properties.

Interpenetrating phase composite graded lattice structure integrated with load-bearing and sensing capabilities

Lattice structure, especially by integrating gradient design and composite/structural design, have already become functional structures. However, they are still not “smart” enough to interact with the environment. Currently, some studies about smart structures are usually complex and do not have load-bearing capacities. Inspired by the human skeletal–muscle–skin system, we propose to interpenetrate low-stiffness and high-stiffness material structures in a gradient manner and design media transfer channels in a soft-phase material for touch perception. The proposed intelligent structure can achieve accurate and large-coverage collision detection and features excellent load-bearing capacity. The gradient design improves the damage pattern and enhances the mechanical properties, and the compression modulus increased by 59.9%. The soft- and hard-composite design further increases the energy absorption capacity by more than 100% and effectively limits catastrophic damage. It shows great potential in applications such as intelligent interactive robots that require both load-bearing and collision-detection capabilities.

Experimental investigations of heat generation and microstructure evolution during friction stir processing of SnSbCu alloy

The paper presents the results of experimental investigations of the heat generation and microstructure evolution during the friction stir processing (FSP) of the SnSb11Cu6 alloy. The Triflute tool was used for modification; the process was carried out using two rotational speeds of the tool: 280 and 560 RPM and a constant linear speed of 355 mm/min. Microstructure studies were performed employing the techniques of light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy along with analysis of the chemical composition of micro-areas. Additionally, the phase composition was investigated by means of the X-ray diffraction method, and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis and hardness testing were performed before and after FSP modification. Furthermore, measurements of the temperature directly on the modified surface by means of a thermal imaging camera and the temperature in the modified zone with a thermocouple system were performed. It was proved that using FSP to modify the SnSbCu alloy promotes refinement and homogenization of the microstructure, as well as improvement of the hardness. The hardness of the starting material was 24 HB, and after FSP, the hardness increased and amounted to, respectively, 25 and 27 HB after processing at 280 and 560 RPM. The microstructure in the stir zone is formed by the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) process and consists of almost equiaxed tin-rich matrix grains with a size of approx. 5–30 µm and fine particles of Cu6Sn5 and SnSb phases. The temperature distribution in the FSP zone is not uniform and changes in a gradient manner.

Adaptation process of engineered cell line FCHO/IL-24 stably secreted rhIL-24 in serum-free suspension culture

Interleukin-24 (IL-24) displays tumor cell-specific proliferation inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Recombinant human IL-24 (rhIL-24) has significantly higher activity, yet significantly lower expression level in mammalian cells than in bacteria. To further realize therapeutic potential of IL-24, we enhanced rhIL-24 expression in mammalian cell systems by adapting engineered Flp-InTMCHO/IL-24 (FCHO/IL-24) cells (adherent cultured in Ham's F12 medium with 10% serum) to serum-free suspension culture. First, MTT assay showed that among four different media (F12, DMEM/F12, 1640 and DMEM), DMEM/F12 medium was the most suitable media for lower-serum adherent culture. Then, cells were adherently cultured in DMEM/F12 with serum concentration reduced from 10% to 0.5% in a gradient manner. Compared to cells in 10% serum, cells in 0.5% serum displayed significantly lower relative cell viability by 40%, increased G0/G1 phase arrest (8.5 ± 2.4%, p < 0.05), decreased supernatant rhIL-24 concentration by 73%, and altered metabolite profiles, such as glucose, lactate and ammonia concentration. Next, the cells were directly adapted to 0.5% serum suspension culture in 125 mL shake flask at 119 rpm with the optimal cell seeding density of 5 × 105 cells/mL (3.3 times higher than that of adherent culture), under which the concentration of rhIL-24 in culture medium was stable at 3.5 ng/mL. Finally, cells adapted to 0.5% serum proliferated better in serum-free medium Eden™-B300S with higher rhIL-24 expression level compared to CDM4CHO. The successful adaptation of engineered cells FCHO/IL-24 laid foundation for adapting cells from adherent culture to suspension serum-free culture to mass produce rhIL-24 protein for therapeutic purposes.

An Acoustic Study of Emphasis Spread in Najdi Arabic

As with other varieties of Arabic, Najdi Arabic (NA), spoken in central Saudi Arabia, contains a set of emphatic consonants, /? – ? – ð?/, which have an uncontrollable phonological effect on neighboring segments whereby the presence of an emphatic in a word entails “emphasis spread” to the adjacent non-emphatic segments. Acoustically, emphasis is manifested by lowering the frequency of the second formant (F2) of vowels in the vicinity of an emphatic. The purpose of this study is investigate the domain and directionality of emphasis spread in NA and whether it is blocked by any opaque phonemes by measuring and comparing the F2 frequencies of vowels in minimal pairs contrasting on the basis of the presence/absence of emphatics. The results show that the domain of emphasis spread in NA is the entire phonological word consisting of the stem plus any inflectional/derivational affixes. In addition, emphasis spreads rightward and leftward throughout the phonological word in a gradient manner in an inverse relationship, where emphasis peaks in the syllable containing the emphatic and gradually decreases as it moves into the following/preceding syllables. Finally, the high front phonemes /y – ? – ?/ act as opaque segments as they block rightward spread but not leftward spread.

Cost-effective, green HPLC determination of losartan, valsartan and their nitrosodiethylamine impurity: application to pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are one of the most widely used anti-hypertensive drugs which are used to reduce hypertension. In 2018, the United States Food and Drug Administration together with the European Medicine Agency declared the presence of carcinogenic nitrosamine impurities such as nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) in some of the products, including valsartan (VLS) and losartan (LOS), and drugs' recall procedures were started. Thus, they should be controlled to be below the acceptable cancer risk level to ensure safety of the pharmaceutical products. Therefore, sensitive and reliable analytical methods were required for detection and quantitation of NDEA in bulk and finished drug products. Green analytical chemistry has received great interest to minimize the amount of organic solvents consumed without loss in chromatographic performance. A green and sensitive HPLC method was developed for the determination of NDEA in LOS and VLS using mobile phase of 0.02 M ammonium acetate adjusted to pH 7.2 and ethanol in gradient manner. Limits of detection and limits of quantification for NDEA were estimated to be 0.2 and 0.5 µg ml−1, respectively. The standardized limits of NDEA impurity in drug substances were set as 0.56 ppm, which indicates the feasibility of its determination by the proposed conventional method without need for expensive instrumentations (e.g. MS/MS detectors) that are not found in most pharmaceutical quality control laboratories.

Prospective associations of multimodal serum biomarkers with 12-week and 12-month remission in patients with depressive disorders receiving stepwise psychopharmacotherapy

Prognostic biomarkers for depression treatment outcomes have yet to be elucidated. This study sought to evaluate whether a multi-modal serum biomarker panel was prospectively associated with 12-week and 12-month remission in outpatients with depressive disorders receiving stepwise psychopharmacotherapy. At baseline, 14 serum biomarkers and socio-demographic/clinical characteristics were evaluated in 1094 patients. They received initial antidepressant monotherapy followed, as required by a protocol of successive alternative pharmacological strategies administered in 3-week steps during the acute (3–12 week) phase (N = 1086), and in 3-month steps during the continuation (6–12 month) phase (N = 884). Remission was defined as a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score of ≤ 7. Remission was achieved in 490 (45.1%) over the 12-week, and in 625 (70.7%) over the 12-month, treatment periods. Combination scores of four serum biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and leptin) were prospectively associated with 12-week remission; and four (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor) were prospectively associated with 12-month remission in a clear gradient manner (P-values < 0.001) and after adjustment for relevant covariates. These associations were evident after the Step 1 treatment monotherapy but weakened with increasing treatment steps, falling below statistical significance after 4 + treatment steps. Application of combined multiple serum biomarkers, particularly on inflammatory markers, could improve predictability of remission at acute and continuation treatment phases for depressive disorders. Patients with unfavourable biomarkers might require alternative treatment regimes for better outcomes.

Adaptive/innate immunity balance in a complex social world

Prognostic biomarkers for depression treatment outcomes have yet to be elucidated. This study sought to evaluate whether a multi-modal serum biomarker panel was prospectively associated with 12-week and 12-month remission in outpatients with depressive disorders receiving stepwise psychopharmacotherapy. At baseline, 14 serum biomarkers and socio-demographic/clinical characteristics were evaluated in 1094 patients. They received initial antidepressant monotherapy followed, as required by a protocol of successive alternative pharmacological strategies administered in 3-week steps during the acute (3–12 week) phase (N = 1086), and in 3-month steps during the continuation (6–12 month) phase (N = 884). Remission was defined as a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score of ≤ 7. Remission was achieved in 490 (45.1%) over the 12-week, and in 625 (70.7%) over the 12-month, treatment periods. Combination scores of four serum biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and leptin) were prospectively associated with 12-week remission; and four (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor) were prospectively associated with 12-month remission in a clear gradient manner (P-values < 0.001) and after adjustment for relevant covariates. These associations were evident after the Step 1 treatment monotherapy but weakened with increasing treatment steps, falling below statistical significance after 4 + treatment steps. Application of combined multiple serum biomarkers, particularly on inflammatory markers, could improve predictability of remission at acute and continuation treatment phases for depressive disorders. Patients with unfavourable biomarkers might require alternative treatment regimes for better outcomes.

Sex differences in the immune system: Implications for cocaine relapse

Prognostic biomarkers for depression treatment outcomes have yet to be elucidated. This study sought to evaluate whether a multi-modal serum biomarker panel was prospectively associated with 12-week and 12-month remission in outpatients with depressive disorders receiving stepwise psychopharmacotherapy. At baseline, 14 serum biomarkers and socio-demographic/clinical characteristics were evaluated in 1094 patients. They received initial antidepressant monotherapy followed, as required by a protocol of successive alternative pharmacological strategies administered in 3-week steps during the acute (3–12 week) phase (N = 1086), and in 3-month steps during the continuation (6–12 month) phase (N = 884). Remission was defined as a Hamilton Depression Rating Scale score of ≤ 7. Remission was achieved in 490 (45.1%) over the 12-week, and in 625 (70.7%) over the 12-month, treatment periods. Combination scores of four serum biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6, and leptin) were prospectively associated with 12-week remission; and four (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor) were prospectively associated with 12-month remission in a clear gradient manner (P-values < 0.001) and after adjustment for relevant covariates. These associations were evident after the Step 1 treatment monotherapy but weakened with increasing treatment steps, falling below statistical significance after 4 + treatment steps. Application of combined multiple serum biomarkers, particularly on inflammatory markers, could improve predictability of remission at acute and continuation treatment phases for depressive disorders. Patients with unfavourable biomarkers might require alternative treatment regimes for better outcomes.

Preparation and investigation of a novel iodine-based visible polyvinyl alcohol embolization material

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) embolization particles, currently used in clinical practice, have good expansibility and are capable of permanent embolization. However, the lack of adhesion of embolization particles contributes to facilitated recanalization after embolization, while the lack of visualization facilitates misembolization. At present, embolization materials with good expansion, adhesion, and visualization potential are urgently required in clinical practice. Here, we report the development of PVA/gelatin/iohexol (I) fiber blocks as a novel embolization material for liver embolization in rats. In our work, electrospun PVA/gelatin/I nanofibrous mats were first prepared, homogenized, centrifuged in a gradient manner, and freeze-dried to obtain fiber blocks (fiber diameter ​= ​296.2 ​± ​74.23 ​nm, length 99.6 ​± ​17.0 ​μm ​× ​width 46.9 ​± ​13.3 ​μm). The fiber blocks exhibited excellent cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility. Fiber blocks with a PVA/gelatin/I mass ratio of 8:2:10 were selected due to their excellent expansibility and adhesive properties. The PVA/gelatin/I fiber blocks display excellent liver embolic effects and computed tomography (CT) imaging potential due to a combination of the following characteristics: expansibility of PVA and gelatin, adhesive property of gelatin, and CT imaging potential of I. The developed fiber block material is an embolic material that may potentially be used in interventional medicine.