Grade Students Research Articles

Efficacy of a hybrid take home and in class summative assessment for the postsecondary physics classroom

Abstract Assigning course grades to students requires obtaining accurate measures of the students’ understanding and knowledge of the topic. The induced stress from a traditional summative assessment is known to negatively impact student grades, confounding the connection between knowledge and test grades. Documented approaches to reduce stress during examinations can lead to a distracting testing environment (two-stage tests) or are subject to cheating (take-home tests). We have developed a hybrid take-home/in-class exam that avoids such difficulties. We present herein the responses from student surveys conducted after each exam. The results of the surveys indicate that the hybrid exam method reduces test anxiety while improving students’ self-reported mastery of physics, as compared to traditional in-class summative assessments. These findings are significant at the p < 0.05 level. Lastly, we discuss the difficulties encountered in applying this test approach.

Design of Heyzine Flipbook Based Arabic E-Module as an Alternative Teaching Material for Basic’s Level

One innovation in learning Arabic is using digital platforms such as Heyzine Flipbook (HF), which has been proven to increase student motivation. This research aims to develop and analyze the product design of the Arabic Learning E-module via HF. The method used is “Research & Development” (R&D) with the ADDIE model. The focus of this article is at MIN 2 East Lampung. Several applications (Canva, Quizizz, and Wordwall) are supported to create product designs for Arabic learning materials. Then, the product feasibility test involved six validators, namely material and language experts, who got 83.9%, learning media experts got 84.7%, and learning design experts got 83.5%. In the small group test, the score was 87.5%, while in the significant group test, the score was 67.3%. In terms of effectiveness, the application of this product shows very good results, with an average increase in student grades of 57.0%. In this way, all students achieve completeness after the Arabic e-module development product via HF can be implemented optimally.

A Method for Predicting the Impact of Labor Education at Institutions of Higher Education Based on a Two-Stage Clustering Algorithm

In order to develop more accurate teaching plans and methods based on students’ characteristics and needs, and improve the effectiveness of labor education, a two-stage clustering algorithm based method for predicting the effectiveness of labor education in universities is studied. A two-stage clustering algorithm-based method for predicting the effectiveness of labor education in universities has been proposed. Through in-depth analysis of labor education data in universities, principal component analysis (PCA) was used to select 16 most representative variables from the original features. Subsequently, self-organizing map (SOM) neural network was used for preliminary clustering, and the optimal number of clusters was determined to be 8. Furthermore, the K-means clustering algorithm performs fine clustering based on the initial centers provided by SOM, significantly improving the stability and accuracy of clustering. At the same time, processing the outliers in the clustering results has reduced their impact on the clustering effect. Finally, the processed data was input into an improved XGBoost prediction model, which achieved a true positive rate (TPR) of over 85% on the ROC curve when predicting the effectiveness of labor education in universities. While maintaining a low false positive rate (FPR), the model outperformed other comparison methods significantly. This achievement not only validates the effectiveness of the proposed method in feature selection, clustering optimization, and prediction model construction, but also confirms its ability to accurately predict the labor education effectiveness of students in different grades, providing strong support for higher education institutions to optimize teaching plans and improve educational outcomes.

The Associations between Depressive Symptoms and Self-Rated Health in Relation to Sense of Coherence among Adolescents: Cross-Sectional Study.

We investigated the predictors of poor SRH in a representative sample of Lithuanian mainstream school students in grades 7-8. We also checked for gender differences in the associations between SRH and depressive symptoms and other predictors. A total of 2104 7th-8th-grade students participated (response rate 73.95%) and were asked about depressive symptoms, psychosomatic health complaints, negative acts at school, feeling at school, family stress and violence, sense of coherence, self-esteem, and lifestyle. We used a hierarchical regression analysis including a variety of self-rated health predictors. Boys scored significantly higher on physical activity and smoking, whereas girls scored significantly higher on SRH, depressive symptoms, psychosomatic health complaints, and family stress and violence, though the significance was lost in the hierarchical regression. Depressive symptoms were the strongest predictor of poor SRH (standardized β = 0.309, p < 0.001), though other investigated predictors were also significant but had lower effect sizes. Strong evidence was found supporting the buffering role of sense of coherence in the relationship between depressive symptoms and SRH (standardized β = -0.266, p < 0.001). We can conclude that the magnitude of the relationship between depressive symptoms and self-rated health is dependent on the levels of sense of coherence. We did not find gender differences in those associations. As poor SRH is easy to determine, especially with a one-item question, the cases of poorly rated health should be detected early and corrected by interventions in order to prevent poor health outcomes in the future.

The impact of bullying cognition on school bullying among Chinese primary school students: a moderated mediation model of resilience and sex

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown the positive effects of bullying cognition on school bullying behavior among young people, but the mechanism underlying this association remains unclear.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study with 5,903 primary school students in grades 3–5 in Luzhou city. Hayes’ PROCESS macro was used to test the mediating effect of psychological resilience and the moderating effect of sex on the relationship between bullying cognition and school bullying after controlling for grade.ResultsPsychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between school bullying cognition and victimization (β = −0.0174, 95% CI: −0.0219 to −0.0132) and between perpetration (β = −0.0079, 95% CI: −0.0104 to −0.0055). This study revealed that sex moderated the relationship between school bullying cognition and perpetration (β = 0.0383, p &amp;lt; 0.001) and victimization behavior (β = 0.0400, p &amp;lt; 0.001).ConclusionThese findings suggest that it is crucial for education regulators, schools, and families to cultivate students’ school bullying cognitions and psychological resilience, which may help to decrease the prevalence of school bullying. Especially for boys, improving their bullying cognition may largely decrease its perpetration.

A comparative study on the physical fitness of college students from different grades and majors in Jiangxi province.

Research to date has not provided a clear understanding of how different grades and majors affect the physical fitness of college students. It is postulated that there are significant disparities in physical health among college students of different grades and majors. The purpose of this study was to evidence these health disparities and to engage in an extensive analysis and discussion thereof. A sample of 8,772 (2,404 boys and 6,368 girls) Chinese college students from freshman to junior years, aged 17-22, including 12 different majors in four colleges, were recruited in Jiangxi Province. All seven physical fitness indicators (body mass index (BMI), forced vital capacity, 50-m dash, standing long jump, sit and reach, upper body muscle strength, and endurance runs) were conducted for all participants. One-way ANOVA and LSD tests were conducted to compare the physical fitness scores of different grades in the same major. Independent sample t-tests were utilized to compare the differences in every physical fitness indicator for different majors. Pearson's correlations among 12 majors for every grade were conducted to study the significant corrections between the two physical fitness indicators. The body mass index (BMI) and physical fitness indicator (PFI) for college students of different grade were investigated using a nonlinear regression model. The current state of physical fitness among college students is concerning, as the majority of students were barely passing (with a passing rate of 75.3%). Specifically, junior students exhibited lower scores than freshman and sophomore students across all 12 majors. From freshman to junior year, majors of music (78.01±4.58), English (79.29±5.03), and education (76.26±4.81) had the highest scores, respectively, but major art consistently scored the lowest, which were 73.85±6.02, 74.97±5.53, and 72.59±4.84, respectively. Pairwise comparisons revealed more significant differences in individual physical fitness indicators among the three grades in humanities than in sciences. Pearson's correlations showed significant correlations among seven physical fitness indicators in all three grades. PFI had a parabolic trend with BMI both for boy and girl college students in Jiangxi province. The physical fitness indicators of college students in Jiangxi province significantly differed in grades and majors, showing undesirable phenomena. The physical fitness of senior and humanities major college students was much weaker and needs sufficient attention. The relationship between BMI and PFI presented an inverted "U"-shaped change characteristic. Continued nationwide interventions are needed to promote physical activity and other healthy lifestyle behaviors in China.

An Investigation of Content-Specific Unit Emotions in Secondary Physical Education

The intent of quality high school physical education (PE) is to develop a connection with students to help enhance their desire to continue engagement beyond K–12 education. While traditional instructional approaches may produce benefits, it is important to recognize continued data suggesting reasons for decreased student motivation and participation. The purpose of this study was to investigate student responses in their perceived control, value, emotions, and intentions for future activity as it pertained to differing content areas throughout their PE curriculum. The participants included 72 9th grade students. The students participated in five instructional units: modified volleyball, spikeball, outdoor adventure, yoga, and drumfit. At the conclusion of each unit, students responded to a virtual survey utilizing previously validated instruments measuring a variety of emotional contexts. The results were analyzed using a variety of measurements. The in-depth data revealed that student intention may be more anchored in value and emotion than previously identified. Students’ emotional connection to the content appears to be vital to their motivation, engagement, and intention to engage in the activity outside of PE. Based on these findings, teachers should make a concerted effort to select content based on student interests and value, instead of choosing content they find interesting and meaningful.

Субъективное отношение к школе родителей младших школьников

The article analyzes the attitude of parents of younger students to school, taking into account the main structural elements of the school (teachers, students, educational process, premises and equipment). 38 parents of 4th grade students of a secondary school in Nizhny Novgorod took part in the experiment. Of these, 20 are mothers and 18 are fathers. The age of the respondents is in the range of 29-45 years. The following methods were used in the study: theoretical analysis of scientific sources on the research topic, a questionnaire for V.Ya. Yasvin's parents, methods of quantitative and qualitative processing and presentation of results, generalization, the Mann-Whitney method. This study is a pilot study. Qualitative characteristics of parents' attitude to school were revealed. The attitude of parents towards school is more emotional in nature. Parents demonstrate a high emotional charge towards teachers and the educational process. Also, the attitude of parents towards school is heterogeneous and contradictory. Different structural components of the school have different significance for parents. The same component can be evaluated in different ways. Parents express their high willingness to help teachers. At the same time, information about the teacher is not important to them, help to the teacher is often expressed formally. It is important for parents to be informed about the education and upbringing of children. Parents show a good willingness to participate in the creation of comfortable, well-equipped school premises. The maximum interest is associated with the students. It is important for them to have complete and quick information on the success and difficulties of children in learning.

Incorporating different modes in courseware for conceptual learning

ABSTRACT This quasi-experimental study aims to compare the effects of using combinations of written text, animation and narration in multimedia courseware. 114 sixth grade students assigned in three conditions were participated in the study. Three versions of the courseware with combinations of animation, text and narration were developed taking modality into account. The three groups were taught by using three different versions of the courseware. As a result, there was no significant difference between the test results for conceptual learning were found. However, students’ evaluations showed that learning from different forms of knowledge caused some slight differences in their cognitive processes. Suggestions for designers to use appropriate forms of knowledge in courseware are also included.

The Contribution of Sustained Attention and Response Inhibition to Reading Comprehension Among Japanese Adolescents.

Previous studies demonstrated the influential role of sustained attention in the reading comprehension of alphabetic writing systems. However, there is limited understanding of how these cognitive functions contribute to reading comprehension in non-alphabetic systems, such as Japanese. This study seeks to explore this gap, focusing on how sustained attention and response inhibition function in a writing system where some of the characters represent meanings rather than sounds, introducing another layer of difficulty in the complex process of reading; Methods: Seventy-five Japanese 9th grade students performed a task to assess sustained attention and response inhibition. The cognitive test was carried out using tablets to enable feasible parallel group administration while maintaining high comparability with ecological classroom settings. Reading comprehension was measured using an exam that the participants took as part of their educational routine; Results: Our results indicate that both sustained attention and response inhibition significantly contributed to the reading comprehension of Japanese 9th grade students; Conclusions: These results replicate and expand previous studies documenting the contribution of sustained attention on the reading comprehension of alphabetic writing systems to a non-alphabetic system. Moreover, our findings unravel another important cognitive factor, namely response inhibition in reading comprehension. We suggest that response inhibition may play a crucial role in reading non-alphabetic writing systems that pose high cognitive demands, such as Japanese.

Complicating our image of the “good student:” Mexican students’ use of navigational capital in a newcomer school

Newcomer schools inherently frame students in terms of what they lack—namely, fluency in the English language. The purpose of this study, drawing on a six-month ethnography of 14 tenth grade students from Mexico, is to counter this deficit framing by exploring, using the additive framework of community cultural wealth, what supports newcomer students from Mexico have and use in the context of a newcomer school in Central Texas. I argue that participating students were assisted in their coursework by their previously developed navigational capital, which enabled them to position themselves as “good students.” However, these students’ efforts to embody the behaviors of “good students” occasionally led them to not ask clarifying questions, as they did not want to appear to have not paid attention. I end exploring the complications inherent in students using their community cultural wealth to navigate inequitable educational structures that reward docility over learning.

The cognitive structure of gross anatomy knowledge in physiotherapy students.

Cognitive structures are the mental representation of domain knowledge and its organization. A preliminary investigation of the cognitive structure of gross anatomy knowledge was conducted on physiotherapy students. The criterion-related validation study examined two data modeling strategies (multidimensional scaling and Pathfinder networks) as potential visual and quantitative representations of cognitive structure. Two criterion standards were used: expert cognitive structure (concurrent) and the student's unit grade (predictive). The raw data for both data modeling strategies were generated from an online survey of paired comparisons of 20 anatomical structures and concepts relevant to musculoskeletal clinical practice. Convenience sampling was used to recruit first-semester physiotherapy students (n = 31), gross anatomy course instructors (n = 4), and domain experts (n = 3) who completed the online survey. The results indicated moderate-to-high effect sizes, regarding the level of agreement (reliability, accuracy, and association) between student and expert cognitive structures. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the potential relationships with unit grades. Six predictor variables accounted for 68.9% of the variance in unit grade, indicating a large effect size. The results provide preliminary evidence of concurrent and predictive criterion-related validity for using data modeling strategies to represent cognitive structure in this knowledge domain and population. Further research is indicated to assess the potential impact of this innovative use of data modeling strategies for cognitive structure mapping on gross anatomy education, adaptive learning, and competency-based education, leading to the long-term development of expertise.

Continuing Safety Education and Workplace Efficacy of Student Workers

This study aims to evaluate students' awareness of safety education and its impact on work effectiveness. By analyzing background variables such as students' gender, age, grade, work experience, student status, and college affiliation, this study explored the relationship between safety education and work effectiveness. The results showed that students' awareness of safety education directly affects their task execution and situational performance on campus and in the workplace. In addition, the study showed that strengthening the popularization and effective cooperation of safety education on campus can help improve students' work effectiveness and campus safety management. This study recommends further improving the quality of safety education by strengthening training, promoting safety knowledge, and improving safety facilities, and strengthening the cultivation of safety awareness during students' internships and employment.

PENDEKATAN BERDIFERENSIASI DALAM MODEL INQUIRY LEARNING TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR PAI MATERI ANAK SALEH SISWA KELAS IV SD NEGERI 2 DONOTIRTO BANTUL

The purpose of this class action research is to determine the improvement of PAI learning outcomes for pious children through a differentiated approach in the inquiry learning model for grade IV students of SD Negeri 2 Donotirto Bantul. Through a differentiated approach, it seeks to find out the learning needs of students to the maximum, combined with an inquiry learning model that involves students to the maximum so that students are more actively involved. This class action research was carried out in two cycles. The subject of this study is a fourth grade student of SD Negeri 2 Donotirto Kretek totaling 20 children. Data collection techniques are carried out through tests, observations, and documentation. The data analysis technique uses quantitative descriptive analysis. The results of this study show that a differentiated approach in the inquiry learning model to improve the learning outcomes of PAI material for pious children in grade IV students of SD Negeri 2 Donotirto Bantul can improve the learning outcomes of grade IV students of SD Negeri 2 Donotirto. The improvement of learning outcomes can be seen based on the value of student learning outcomes from pre-cycle, cycle I, and cycle II. This can be seen from the completeness of the first cycle which shows 65% while in the second cycle it shows a completeness of 100%, from this there is an increase in completeness of 35%.

Tingkat Keterampilan Sosial Siswa Kelas 7 SMP Negeri 15 Yogyakarta Tahun Ajaran 2023/2024

This study aims to determine the level of social skills of 7th grade students of SMP Negeri 15 Yogyakarta in the 2023/2024 school year and to find out the low items to be proposed as guidance topics. This type of research is descriptive quantitative with the subjects in this study are 7th grade students in the 2023/2024 school year. Determination of the sample from the population was carried out using calculations made by Issac and Michel with an error of 10%. Data collection was carried out using a social skills scale with 46 valid items with a Cronbach alpha reliability index of 0.945 which is in the very strong category. The scale is arranged based on 5 (five) aspects, namely cooperation, assertiveness, responsibility, empathy, and self-control. The data analysis technique used descriptive statistics, using the SPSS Ver. 25. With the results, most of the 7th grade students of SMP Negeri 15 Yogyakarta in the 2023/2024 school year have high social skills. The results showed that in 166 students, 35% of students had a very high level of social skills, 55% of students had a high level of social skills, and 10% of students had a moderate level of social skills. There are no low items on the social skills scale that will be proposed as guidance topics.

Vocabulary Mastery of Students Who Play Mobile Legends Game at Eleventh Grade of MAN 2 Lombok Timur Academic Year 2022/2023

The aim of the study is to determine the level of students’ specific vocabulary mastery on mobile legends. This study analyzed specific vocabulary mastery of students who play mobile legends of the 11 grade students of MAN 2 Lombok Timur. Descriptive quantitative method was used in this study and the population was 19 students and all of the population was taken as the sample. The data were collected by conducting a test. The test consisted of 30 questions and there are tree aspects of vocabulary in the test, i.e., word form, meaning and use aspect. The result of this study shows that student’s mean score is 72.26, median is 71, mode is 87 and standard deviation is 12.60. Based on the test result, student’s achievement score is classified as good. Among 19 students, 5 were classified as very good, 10 as good, 3 as fair, 1 as poor, and none as very poor in vocabulary mastery. The test covered three aspects: word form, meaning, and use. In word form, 9 students were very good, 6 good, and 4 poor, with a mean score of 6.78 and standard deviation of 2.41. For meaning, 9 were very good, 7 good, and 3 fair, with a mean of 16.57 and standard deviation of 3.92. In usage, 1 student was very good, 14 good, 3 fair, and 1 poor, with a mean of 48.89 and standard deviation of 8.29. Overall, the students' vocabulary mastery was classified as good. It can be concluded that students who play mobile legends have good specific vocabulary mastery on mobile legends based on the test results that have been obtained as can be seen that the average student score is good with an average score of 72.26, which is a good score.

Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) Systems for Comprehensive Fire Safety Education in Primary School

In the evolving landscape of educational technology, immersive virtual reality (IVR) has emerged as a promising tool to enhance safety education for primary school students. Traditional fire safety methods, while foundational, face challenges in engaging young learners actively. This study aims to comprehensively investigate the intricate dynamics of integrating IVR technology into fire safety education for primary school students. By examining students' perceptions, assessing engagement levels, and evaluating learning outcomes, the research seeks to offer nuanced insights into the potential benefits and challenges associated with VR-based safety education. Conducted as a qualitative study, 25 semi-structured interviews were performed with primary school students (Grades 4-6 in China), employing a three-step thematic analysis. The research explores students' experiences with IVR fire safety simulations, comparing them with traditional methods, and addressing practical considerations for integration. Preliminary findings suggest positive perceptions, heightened engagement, and improved learning outcomes among students exposed to VR simulations. Practical challenges, including logistical considerations, were identified. The comparison with traditional methods illuminated strengths and weaknesses, guiding educators and policymakers. This research contributes to the intersection of education and technology by offering novel insights into the potential of IVR simulations in fire safety education. The study's significance lies in informing pedagogical practices, addressing practical challenges, and promoting safety awareness among primary school students, guiding future educational technology initiatives.

A look at the treatment of the contents of Agroecology as a component of agricultural education in Biology 1

&lt;p&gt;Currently, the study of Agroecology as a component of agricultural education in the subject of Biology 1 and the treatment of its contents at the basic secondary educational level is of great importance. Agricultural education is of vital importance to achieve sustainable development, adopting environmental, economic and social policies based on agroecological principles related to food production and local development from the Cuban educational system. In this sense, it is necessary for teachers to promote and encourage students towards the use of agroecological practices to contribute to the education of current and future generations in love and respect for rurality and for the school to become an extensionist of the agrarian culture. The objective of this article is: to systematize the theoretical foundations of Agroecology as a component of agricultural education and the treatment of its contents, promoting agroecological practices on the basis of food sovereignty and security. To achieve this objective, theoretical (analytical-synthetic; inductive-deductive) and empirical (observation; documentary analysis and interview) methods were used. The importance of this work lies in seventh grade students being able to develop agroecological practices in school, family and community with a view to finding possible solutions to the problems associated with production processes to support family food security.&lt;strong&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

High vs. Low Intensity Behavior Therapy Delivered to Adolescents with ADHD: Potential Adverse Long-Term Effects on Substance Use Outcomes.

Individuals with ADHD are at risk for substance use initiation in adolescence and escalation to problematic use in adulthood. Little is known about the impact of psychosocial ADHD treatment on substance use. Based on existing theory, both therapeutic (i.e., through reducing symptoms and impairments) and iatrogenic effects (i.e., through improved social functioning) of psychosocial treatment for ADHD on adolescent substance use initiation are plausible. A primarily ethnic/racial minority sample (~ 95% Latinx or Black) of rising ninth grade students with ADHD (n = 106) were randomly assigned to receive high intensity (i.e., Summer Treatment Program-Adolescent, parent training, and school consultation) or lower intensity (parent training, organization skills training, and school consultation) intervention the summer before entering high school. Participants were followed four-years post-baseline and substance use was documented. Analyses tested treatment effects on substance use initiation (alcohol and/or marijuana) and mediators of main effects. After controlling for covariates, participants assigned to HI (37.5%) were significantly more likely than LI (18.6%) to initiate substance use by end of high school, indicating an iatrogenic effect of HI treatment. No significant mediators were detected. Post-hoc exploration of moderators suggested that youth with elevated Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms may have experienced a benefit of HI treatment on substance use whereas youth without elevated PTSD symptoms experienced iatrogenic effects. Large, well-powered, samples should examine moderated mediational models to better understand who is most risk for iatrogenic effects of ADHD psychosocial treatment and why. Clinicians delivering psychosocial treatment to adolescents with ADHD should monitor for potential iatrogenic effects.

UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI NUMERASI PESERTA DIDIK KELAS V DENGAN PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DI SD NEGERI TUNJUNGSEKAR 1

The development of the current digital era makes literacy and numeracy of human resources a competency that needs to be mastered. However, the level of literacy in Indonesia is still below average. This is shown by the evidence that most students from class V SD Tunjungsekar 1 did not succeed in achieving the minimum score that has been set, especially in learning mathematics. Therefore, researchers applied PBL (Problem Based Learning) to improve numeracy literacy skills, especially for fifth grade students of SD Tunjungsekar 1. This study used qualitative and quantitative methods. The process of obtaining data is done through observation and interviews that produce numerical data which is analysed to conclude the results of the study. The implementation of this study showed success as evidenced by the increase in the scores of grade V students after the PBL learning method so that it can be concluded that Problem Based Learning applied by researchers succeeded in improving the literacy skills of grade V students of SD Tunjungsekar 1