Grade Elementary School Research Articles

Initial Preparation in Teaching Indonesian Language at Islamic Elementary School Grade 3

This study investigates the pivotal role of early learning activities in Indonesian language instruction by examining teacher perception strategies. Employing a descriptive qualitative research methodology, data were collected through student interviews, observation, and documentation at Permata Sunnah Islamic School. Findings revealed three primary perception activities utilized by teachers: questioning, practical materials utilization, and video presentation. These activities facilitate mental preparedness and foster students' receptivity to new information, thereby enhancing the efficacy of early learning in Indonesian instruction. This study underscores the importance of varied perceptual approaches in pedagogical practices and provides valuable insights for educators seeking to optimize early learning experiences in language instruction. Highlights : Varied perceptual approaches enhance early learning outcomes. Teacher questioning, practical materials, and video presentation are pivotal in Indonesian instruction. Qualitative research provides insights into effective pedagogical strategies for language learning. Keywords: Early learning, Teacher perception, Indonesian instruction, Qualitative research, Pedagogical practices

Pengembangan Aplikasi Android Guizzer sebagai Media Pembelajaran Matematika untuk Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar

Purpose – This research aims to determine the feasibility of the Android-based "guizzer" application in mathematics learning for fifth grade elementary school. The lack of teacher innovation in the use of learning media, especially mathematics, makes students less enthusiastic. Therefore, researchers developed an Android-based Guizzer application to improve the quality of fifth grade elementary school mathematics learning.Method – This research uses Research and Development (R&D) research with the ADDIE development model including the Analyze, Design, Development, Implement and Evaluate stages. This research was carried out at Waturoyo State Elementary School with the research subject being class V. Data collection techniques used included observation, interviews and questionnaires. The data analysis used is in the form of validity.Findings – The research results show that the results of media validation by validator 1 were 78.3% and validator 2 were 85%, resulting in an average of 81.65% (very feasible). The results of material validation by validator 1 obtained a percentage of 83.3% and validator 2 of 81.7%, so an average of 82.5% was obtained (very feasible). The results of the trial, namely student responses, obtained a percentage of 97.1% (very feasible). It can be concluded that the "guizzer" application is very suitable for use in the learning process. Research Implications – Based on the research results, the Android application "Guizzer" is suitable for use in the fifth grade elementary school mathematics learning process. The implication is that students are interested and enthusiastic in the learning process, thereby making a positive contribution to achieving learning goals.

초등 읽기부진 아동의 음운인식과 인지기능 요인 간의 관계 분석

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for acquiring phonological awareness of children with poor reading by grasping the relationship between phonological perception and cognitive function factors of children with poor reading skills in elementary school. The subjects of this study were analyzed with 95 students enrolled in the 1st to 6th grades of elementary school commissioned by four regional education support offices in Jeollanam-do for poor reading. The analysis results are as follows. First, as a result of conducting an independent sample t-test to verify the difference between the measurement variables through intelligence tests, attention tests, and phonological awareness tests of children with poor reading in elementary school, there was a significant difference between grades(low grades, upper grades) in attention and phonological awareness. Second, as a result of conducting correlation analysis to find out the relationship between phonological awareness and measurement factors of children with poor reading in elementary school, attention, language understanding, and working memory had a significant positive correlation. Third, as a result of conducting hierarchical multiple regression analysis to find out the relative influence of the measurement variables on the phonological awareness of children with poor reading in elementary school, it was found that selective attention and working memory abilities had the greatest influence on phonological awareness.

COMMUNICATION APPREHENSION AMONG SENIOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN SERBIA

The primary aim of this research is to examine to what degree communication apprehension is present among senior elementary school students and to investigate whether levels of communication apprehension as reported by participants differ along various external and internal factors. A total of 267 participants attending the fifth, sixth and seventh grades of elementary school took part in the research. Communication apprehension was investigated with an 8-item foreign language communication apprehension scale and additional background questions concerning one internal and six external factors. The findings suggest that communication apprehension exists among elementary school students to a moderate degree and that there are statistically significant differences in terms of gender, final grade in English, final average grade, attending private lessons and a perceived importance of learning English.

초등학교 ‘즐거운 생활’ 통합교과서에 나타난 한 줄 형태 그림 악보의 비판적 고찰

The score of music must have the ease and accuracy in conveying musical expression. The picture scores shown in the integrated curriculum of ‘Pleasure Life’ of the elementary school curriculum consider the ease of musical expression relatively well, but there are somewhat lacking in the accuracy of expression. That is because the presentation of musical elements is not sufficient. Music elements appear in the length, height, harmony, speed, form, and color of sound based on the physical phenomenon of sound. As such, the picture score must contain the characteristics of these musical elements well. Although it is certainly difficult for the ‘Pleasure Life' textbook for the lower grades of elementary school to fully consider these musical elements, the length and height of sound, which are the most basic musical elements, must be accurately marked. If these are ignored, it is greatly hesitated about how to express the music. No matter how much the picture score is for the lower grades, especially the sense of length and height of sound must be sufficiently developed in the lower grades of elementary school, so only this criterion must be clearly presented. This is because the acquisition of musical senses and concepts during this period has a great influence on the subsequent expansion of musical expression ability and musical growth. Therefore, the picture score for the lower grades of elementary school should be presented with sufficient consideration for sensory feelings along with basic musical elements such as the length of the note, the height of the note, the color of the note.

Implementation of Inquiry Method in Science Subject to Improve Learning Outcomes of Second Grade Elementary School Students

Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) should be a vehicle for students to study the natural surroundings and then apply it in everyday life so that students' learning experiences are meaningful. However, in reality, IPAS learning at UPT SD Negeri 144 Gresik is still teacher-centered and does not involve students in the teaching and learning process so that students do not understand the material, so that student learning outcomes are low. Based on the background of the problem, the researcher uses the inquiry learning method to improve student learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is an effort to improve the learning outcomes of grade II elementary school students in the subject of IPAS on energy sources. The subjects of this study were students in grade II of UPT SD Negeri 144 Gresik. The research method uses Classroom Action Research (CAR), with a CAR cycle model consisting of planning, implementing actions, observing, and reflecting. From the test results that have been conducted, the following data were obtained: The learning completion of class II students of UPT SD Negeri 144 Gresik increased by 47.56% from 40.9% (pre-cycle) to 88.46% (cycle II), and the average student learning outcomes increased by 24.23% from 58.84 (pre-cycle) to 83.07 (cycle II) after using the inquiry method. Based on the test results obtained during the study, it can be concluded that the inquiry method can improve the learning outcomes of class II students at UPT SD Negeri 144 Gresik.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL TEACHING MATERIALS TO IMPROVE LITERARY LITERACY SKILLS IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS

This research is motivated by the challenge of improving the literary literacy skills of elementary school students, which are often considered boring using conventional learning methods. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of digital teaching materials in improving literary literacy skills, as well as the interests and motivations of 5th grade elementary school students in Majalengka Regency, West Java.. The research method used was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design in two groups: the Experimental Group which used digital teaching materials and the Control Group which used conventional methods. The research sample consisted of 60 grade 5 students, with each group consisting of 30 students. Data collection techniques include literary literacy tests, interest and motivation questionnaires, and classroom observations. Data analysis was done using statistical tests to compare changes in pre-test and post-test scores between the two groups. The research results showed that the use of digital teaching materials significantly improved the literary literacy skills of students in the Experimental Group compared to the Control Group. The average literary literacy score in the Experimental Group increased from 45 to 72, while in the Control Group, it only increased from 43 to 55. Students' interest and motivation also increased more significantly in the Experimental Group. In conclusion, digital teaching materials effectively improve students' literary literacy skills, interest, and motivation. The implication is that teachers and schools are advised to integrate technology into literature learning, and policymakers need to support using digital teaching materials in the national curriculum to improve the quality of education.

Testing the Construct Validity and Reliability of the Student Learning Motivation Scale Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)

Constructivist learning environments are created by utilizing constructivist theory to raise teaching standards and motivate students to learn more. The low level of student motivation in the learning process is caused by several problems that occur. Thus, learning motivation is very important in the progress of learning, namely to encourage enthusiasm during the learning process. This research aims to measure students' learning motivation. The sample for this research was fourth grade elementary school students. This research uses a quantitative approach designed using measuring instruments in the form of questionnaires. The results of the research show that these four aspects are: the desire and desire to succeed, the appreciation for learning, the desire to be interested in learning, and optimism. There is one indicator that does not meet the criteria, namely the reward aspect of learning. Therefore, the three aspects that have been described are proven to meet the criteria of goodness of fit, validity and construct reliability. Therefore, the scale developed is suitable for use in collecting data to measure student learning motivation.

Initiation Of Pancasila Student Profile In Upper Class Cultural Diversity Of Elementary School Students

The purpose of this study was to find out and describe the profile initiation of Pancasila students in the cultural diversity of the upper grades of elementary schools at SD N Demakan 01 Sukoharjo. This research is a qualitative research. This research was conducted at SD N Demakan 01. The determination of informants in this study used a purposive sampling technique. Informants in this study were class IV teachers at SD N Demakan 01 Mojolaban. Data collection techniques in this study are through interviews and documentation. Test its validity using source triangulation technique. Researchers present data using narrative text in the form of interactive data analysis. The results of the study show that the value of diversity or diversity is taught to participants at SD N Demakan 01 Sukoharjo, namely to get used to living in Indonesian society which has a diversity of ethnicities and cultures. Learning activities that can foster a global diversity character at SD N Demakan 01 Sukoharjo include not being picky with friends at school, associating with anyone regardless of religion, ethnicity and race, implementing tolerance, namely teachers and students during group discussions do not blame each other and justifying but respecting differences of opinion when discussing in class, respecting friends at school who are practicing prayer and fasting, studying and preserving cultures from other regions, and efforts to strengthen the climate of diversity in schools through storytelling.

The Role of Word Decoding Speed and Accuracy on Reading Comprehension in a Highly Transparent and Morphologically Complex Orthography

This research aimed to investigate the impact of word decoding speed and accuracy on reading comprehension in Turkish, which is characterized by a highly transparent and morphologically complex orthographic system. The study involved 160 students, half of whom were identified as poor readers, while the other half were classified as good readers. These participants were selected from the second and fourth grades of public elementary schools. The assessment process involved evaluating participants' isolated word decoding skills using a task that measured their ability to decode both real words and pseudowords. Additionally, reading fluency and comprehension were measured using grade-level appropriate reading texts. The analysis included a series of MANOVAs as well as a mediation model (Model 7) employing Haye's PROCESS macro for SPSS. The findings indicated that the poor readers' limited reading comprehension abilities were primarily attributed to their overall deficiency in word decoding fluency, with a particular emphasis on their inadequate phonological decoding skills. These results are significant as they shed light on the challenges that children with reading comprehension difficulties may face in transparent orthographic systems. The attainment of proficient reading comprehension in such languages appears to be influenced by the specific aspects of word decoding fluency.

Development of Character-Infused Mathematical Comic Media for Pancasila Student Profile in Improving Problem-Solving Abilities in Fourth Grade Elementary School

Mathematical problem solving skills are important for students to have, but in reality, mathematics learning in schools has not been able to develop students' problem solving skills, besides that the integration of Pancasila student profile character education in mathematics learning needs to be maximized. One of the efforts that can be made is the use of innovative learning media and containing character education for Pancasila student profiles. This study aims to (1) develop a mathematics comic media design with character education of Pancasila Student Profile; (2) assess the feasibility of mathematics comic media media with character education of Pancasila Student Profile; (3) test the effectiveness of mathematics comic media with character education of Pancasila Student Profile on problem solving skills in Class IV SD.This research is a development research with the Borg and Gall model. The R&D model in this study consists of 8 stages, namely: (1) potential and problems; (2) data collection; (3) product design; (4) design validation; (5) design revision; (6) product trial; (7) product revision; (8) trial use. The test subjects in this study were fourth grade students of SDN 01 Kalipancur. Data collection techniques using tests, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used product feasibility analysis, to determine the effectiveness of using the average test, classical completeness test, two-sample t test, proportion difference test, paired t test, gain test.The results showed that (1) the development process includes the stages of potential and problems, data collection, product design, design vailidaition, design revision, product triails, product revision, triail use so thait maithemaiticail comic mediai with chairaicter educaition Profil Pelaijair Paincaisilai is produced (2) the product in the form of maithemaitics comic mediai with chairaicter educaition Profil Pelaijair Paincaisilai is declaired feaisible by maiteriail experts, lainguaige aind mediai experts (3) the use of maithemaitics comic mediai with chairaicter educaition Profil Pelaijair Paincaisilai is effective in improving students' maithemaiticail problem solving skills. The conclusion of this study is thait the teaiching maiteriails for maithemaitics comics contaiining chairaicter educaition for the Paincaisilai Student Profile aire feaisible aind effective for students' problem solving skills. Keywords: maith comics, problem solving, chairaicter, Paincaisilai student profile

Teaching Materials Containing Papuan Cultural Wisdom to Develop Children's Story Writing Skills in Class V Elementary Schools

Developing teaching materials containing Papuan cultural wisdom is an important step in improving writing skills and overcoming the challenge of low literacy levels of students in Papua. This research aims to develop teaching materials containing Papuan cultural wisdom to improve students' writing skills. This R&D research focuses on developing teaching materials using the 4D model, namely Define, Design, Development and Dissemination. The subjects in this research were fifth grade elementary school students with a sample of 70 students in the control class and experimental class. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. Data analysis was carried out using interactive analysis techniques, validation and product testing. Apart from that, the data was also analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis. The results of the study showed an increase in the average pretest score in the control class to 67.3, while the experimental class reached 69.5. After the treatment was carried out and ended with the post-test, there was an increase in the average score in the control class to 75.73, and the experimental class 90.28. The higher average increase in post-test scores in the experimental class indicates the potential for increasing students' understanding by using Papuan cultural wisdom teaching materials. Innovation in teaching materials with Papuan cultural wisdom theoretically has implications for complementing and strengthening previous theories regarding teaching materials and story writing skills. Practically, the results of this research can contribute to Papuan cultural wisdom and effectively improve elementary school students' short story writing skills.

The Digital Learning Guidebook as a New Breakthrough in Improving Students' Reading and Writing Skills

The close relationship between reading and writing literacy allows students to obtain information, increase knowledge, and express ideas in writing. However, the reality in the field shows that literacy literacy in reading and writing is still lacking, mainly due to the lack of specific learning guides, limited use of literacy materials, and students' low interest in reading. Therefore, there needs to be a literacy guide that is clearer and more appropriate to student needs. This development research uses a 4-D model with the aim of developing a digital-based learning guidebook to improve the reading and writing skills of second grade elementary school students. The subjects involved in this research were three experts, namely content experts, language experts and design experts. The method used in data collection is a questionnaire. Meanwhile, data analysis was carried out using qualitative descriptive analysis techniques and quantitative descriptive analysis. The research results show that the book developed meets the criteria for feasibility, practicality and effectiveness. Innovative digital-based learning guidebooks have been proven to be used as a potential solution to reading and writing literacy challenges. Therefore, this research has implications for increasing reading and writing literacy learning that is fun for students and can prevent boredom during learning.

Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Pada Materi Penjumlahan Dan Pengurangan di Kelas II SDN 1 Selojari

Lower elementary school students usually have difficulty solving arithmetic puzzles. This is caused by variables inhibiting students, including lack of focus and low motivation to learn. This research was conducted to determine the proficiency of class II students at SD 1 Selojari in answering addition and subtraction questions through the use of narrative questions. The aim of the qualitative method of this research which uses a qualitative descriptive approach is to characterize mathematical problem solving abilities. The technique for selecting subjects in this research is using a purposive sampling technique, which is a technique for determining samples with various specific considerations using 11 class II students at SD 1 Selojari. The data collection techniques used were interview, observation and documentation methods. The data analysis technique uses data collection, data reduction, and drawing conclusions. The mathematical problem solving ability of second grade elementary school students in addition and subtraction material is quite high, namely 90%, as seen in the students' ability to work on the questions given and get high scores. The results of this research show that one in three students are still unable to solve problem questions and still need help.

초등학교 학생역량의 잠재계층 전이 유형 분류와 영향 요인 탐색

Objectives The study, in order to understand how elementary school student competencies appear and strengthen competency-based education, we confirmed the classification of latent classes in the 4th and 5th grades of elementary school, identified the patterns of student competency transition, and examined the impact of individual, family, and school-related factors on each latent class. Methods For this purpose, Latent Profile Analysis and Latent Transition Analysis were conducted, utilizing data from the first year (2021) and the second year (2022) of panel data for 4th graders (total sample size of 3,671) from the Gyeongnam Education Longitudinal Study Information collected by the Gyeongsangnam-do Office of Education. Results In the 4th grade of elementary school, the latent class of student competency was classified into three groups: ‘low competency,’ ‘medium competency,’ and ‘high competency.’ In the 5th grade of elementary school, the latent class of student competency was classified into two groups: ‘low competency’ and ‘high competency.’ It was confirmed that some of the low competency group and the medium competency group in the 4th grade of elementary school were integrated into the low-competency group in the 5th grade, and that some of the medium competency group and the high-competency group in the 4th grade of elementary school were integrated into the high competency group in the 5th grade. Conclusions Factors significantly influencing the transition from the 4th-grade student competency latent class to that of the 5th grade were found to be self-directed learning, communication with parents, parental academic support, attitude towards assessment, and satisfaction with remote learning. Based on the key research results influencing student competency, educational policy implications for enhancing student competency were derived and discussed.

성장혼합모형을 적용한 교사-아동 갈등관계 변화 유형화, 영향요인 및 학교적응 차이 검증

Objectives This study aimed to typify the longitudinal changes in teacher-child conflict relationships among elementary school students and to verify the impact of children's personal and parental factors on the classification of latent profiles in the trajectories of changes in teacher-child conflict relationships. Additionally, the study examined differences in school adaptation across types of teacher-child conflict relationships. Methods Utilizing data from the 9th to 13th waves (2nd to 6th grade in elementary school) of the Panel Study on Korean Children(PSKC), the study estimated a change function suitable for the changes in teacher-child conflict relationships and applied it to classify latent classes. A growth mixture model was used to identify the significance of related child, parental factors, and school adaptation. Results First, it was found that a first-order function model was suitable for the longitudinal changes in teacher-child conflict relationships, and three latent profiles (‘Decreasing’, ‘Maintaining’, ‘Increasing’) were identified based on this model. Upon verifying the influencing factors, compared to the ‘Maintaining’ group set as the reference group, externalized difficulties were significant in the ‘Increasing’ group, while parental interest in school life and externalized difficulties had a significant impact in the ‘Decreasing’ group. Furthermore, when the ‘Decreasing’ group was set as the reference group, externalized difficulties emerged as a significant influencing factor in comparison with the ‘Increasing’ group. In addition, there were overall differences in school adaptation among the three classified groups, with the ‘Maintaining’ group showing a higher level of school adaptation than the ‘Decreasing’ group. Conclusions Based on these results, the study discussed possible measures for improving the conflict relationships between teachers and children.

Penyuluham Hukum Dampak Penggunaan Gadget Secara Berlebihan Bagi Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar di SDN Sidodadi 2 Sidoarjo

In this era of digitalization, almost all Indonesian people use gadgets. This also seems to have become an inseparable phenomenon in this era of digitalization, especially among young people in Indonesia, including elementary school children. The impact of using the gadget itself also varies, ranging from the positive impact that can be taken and the negative impact that must be avoided. Lack of knowledge about the impact of gadget use for elementary school children, students of the Faculty of Law UPN Veteran East Java conducted socialization at SDN Sidodadi 2. The target of this socialization activity is 5th grade elementary school children with a total of 55 students. This socialization activity aims to provide understanding and legal knowledge about the impact of excessive use of gadgets, especially since 5th grade elementary school children are the age when the transition from children to the adolescent phase is born. This socialization activity uses a special approach method so that in the delivery process it can be well received and on target. The results of socialization activities are summarized into reports and journals so that benefits and learning can reach the wider community.

Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Pada Soal Cerita Matematika Kelas V Melalui Media “Puzzle Cermat”

This research aims to improve mathematical problem solving abilities in mathematics story problem using the Smart Puzzle media. In this research, the material used in learning word problems was multiplication and divison of fractions for fifth grade elementary school students. Data collection was carried out at SD Negeri Pat Lor 05 with 22 students in class V elementary school. The type of research used is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which consists of II cycles, each cycle is held in 2x meetings. This research data was obtained through interviews, observations and tests. The test data resulting from mathematical problem solving abilities were analyzed based on the percentage of individual mathematical problem solving completeness. The analysis techniques used in this study are qualitative data analysis and quantitative data analysis. The results of the research showed that research showed that there was an increase in the percentage in cycles I and II obtained by class V students. This was shown by the students mathematical problem solving abilities referring to predetermined success criteria. The average score for cycle I was 70,3%, increasing in cycle II to 83,9%, an increase also occurred in the scores of students who had reached the KKM (80), namely increasing from 59% to 90,9%. Based on the results obtained, it can be conclude that learning using the Careful Puzzle media can improve the mathematical problem olving abilities of class V students at Pati Lor 05 Elementary School.

Pengembangan Buku Portofolio Literasi Berbasis Ajaran Tri-N untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Siswa Sekolah Dasar

This study aims to improve the writing skills of fable stories in grade V students. The type of research used is R&D (Research and Development) or development research. This development research uses the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Impementation, and Evaluation). The researcher has developed a literacy portfolio book based on Tri-N teaching for students' writing skills. Data collection was conducted by observing the learning process, interviewing educators, tests in the form of pre and post tests, and questionnaires to determine student and teacher responses. Data collection is supported by documentation of the implementation of learning by applying the product. The results of research using this development product can be said to be feasible based on the assessment of media experts and linguists. Based on the results of the pre test, post test, teacher response, and student response, the use of Tri-N teaching-based literacy portfolio books can improve the writing skills of fifth grade elementary school students so that it can be said that this product is effective.,

Pengembangan Flipbook Bahan Ajar IPA Kelas V Terintegrasi Tri- N Untuk Meningkatkan Dimensi Kreatif Peserta Didik

Currently, teachers are required to design and implement active, creative and innovative learning so that they can encourage students to learn better. One of the subjects in the Merdeka Curriculum is science lessons. With interesting media, students will feel happy and interested in participating in learning. An alternative solution that can be applied to increase the creativity of elementary school students is to develop flipbook learning media by implementing project-based learning that is integrated with the teachings of Ki Hadjar Dewantara, namely the Tri-N teachings which include niteni, niroake and nambahake. The flipbook learning media is designed to be as efficient as possible so that it can foster the creativity dimension of students. With the development of flipbook media, it is hoped that students will be more enthusiastic in learning. Based on the results of the implementation of flipbook-based digital science learning module products in science learning, response data was obtained from fifth grade elementary school students as product users, that the flipbook-based digital science learning module products that have been developed are liked by students and can help increase students' learning motivation in learning, can help them learn the materials studied, and can increase their creative dimensions.