Government Policy Support Research Articles

Global Tomato Production: Price Sensitivity and Policy Impact in Mexico, Türkiye, and the United States

Tomato, a vital subtropical vegetable crop, is in demand globally but is produced in limited regions. Recently, its supply has become increasingly influenced by internal and external production factors. This study analyzed the impact of price fluctuations and evolving agricultural support schemes on tomato production in three key producers: Mexico, Türkiye, and the United States, which play significant roles in the global market with specialized production and trade. Using time-series price response data from 1991 to 2022, the research examined market prices, government support policies, and international trade agreements. Long-term price effects were similar in Türkiye and the USA but negligible in Mexico. Short-term price differences were positive across all countries, with the strongest impact in the USA. Financial support programs increased supplies in alignment with time-based effects. Deviations from long-term equilibrium were corrected in all countries, with Türkiye showing the fastest recovery. The results suggest that decoupled supports positively influence supply and merit further promotion.

Shanghai Pension Industry -- A New Engine of Economic Domestic Demand Growth

With the growing aging population in Shanghai, ensuring that the elderly "have something to rely on and enjoy" has become a pressing issue. Concurrently, Shanghai's economic growth has slowed in recent years due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and China's economic transition to a "new normal," leading to a decline in economic vitality. This paper explores whether reform and innovation in the elderly care industry can stimulate domestic demand and drive economic development in Shanghai. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, including a questionnaire survey, the study analyzes awareness of pension financial products, government policy support, and innovation in the elderly care sector. Findings indicate that despite Shanghai's advantages in population quality and standard of living, there is a lack of awareness among the elderly regarding pension financial products and room for improvement in government support and industry innovation. The paper suggests that enhancing understanding of pension products, improving government policies, and fostering innovation in the elderly care industry could effectively stimulate Shanghai's economic potential. These measures could provide a reference for developing the elderly care industry in Shanghai and across China, offering a new approach to addressing aging challenges and promoting sustainable economic growth.

Implementasi Kebijakan Pondok Pesantren Ramah Anak: Tantangan dan Peluang di Era Modern

Islamic boarding schools as religious-based educational institutions have a very strategic role in forming children's character and spiritual values. This research aims to explore the implementation of policies regarding Child-Friendly Islamic Boarding Schools, as well as the challenges and opportunities faced in the modern context. This research method uses literature study by collecting several journals related to the title and focus of the research raised. By analyzing various academic sources and related policies, this research identified that the challenges faced include: lack of understanding of child protection, understanding of gender, and limited access to information in remote areas. On the other hand, there are opportunities that arise from increasing public attention to children's rights, support for government policies, and technological innovation that can support the sustainability of education. The study results show that collaboration between educational institutions, government and society is very important to optimize the implementation of this policy. In this way, it is hoped that Islamic Boarding Schools can be transformed into places that are child-friendly, comfortable and successful in supporting their growth. Keywords: Boarding School, Policy, Child Friendly

Key Factors Shaping Purchase Intentions for New Energy Vehicles in Urumqi, China

Due to the increasing awareness of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in China, there has been a notable shift in consumer behavior, with more individuals choosing to purchase new energy vehicles (NEVs) as their personal transportation. In response, the Chinese government has implemented policies to encourage NEV adoption. This study uses Urumqi as a sample area to examine the impact of personal preferences, social influences, and government policies on consumer behavior, specifically the intention to purchase NEVs in China. The research is based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The findings reveal that consumer behavior in adopting NEVs is significantly influenced by social factors, including peer attitudes and behaviors, along with government support policies.

STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PEMERINTAH DAERAH LOMBOK UTARA DALAM MEMBANGUN HUBUNGAN MASYARAKAT YANG KUAT (ANALISIS TEORI BUDAYA KUAT TERENCE DEAL DAN ALLAN)

Governments that have good relations with society tend to gain higher trust from their citizens. This trust is important for government legitimacy, which in turn increases compliance and support for government policies and programs. It is hoped that this research can help the North Lombok Regency Regional Government in developing an effective communication strategy that can be implemented in building strong community relations. Using the strong cultural theoretical framework of Terence Deal and Allan Kennedy. This research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method. The data used comes from previous research, literature studies, and is relevant. By implementing strong cultural elements in its communications strategy, the North Lombok Regency Regional Government can build stronger relationships with the community, thereby increasing trust, participation and support for government programs. By instilling core values, elevating local heroes, holding rituals and ceremonies, utilizing informal networks, and building a strong narrative, the North Lombok Regency Regional Government can increase community trust and support. By integrating these elements, the North Lombok Regency Regional Government can create an environment that supports effective communication and builds stronger trust with the community. This will contribute to increased public participation and support for government programs, thereby bringing greater benefits to local communities

Microalgae for Sustainable Biofuel Generation: Innovations, Bottlenecks, and Future Directions

ABSTRACTMicroalgae, with their rapid growth rates, high intracellular lipid accumulation, and ability to utilize wastewater, emerge as a promising feedstock for high‐quality biodiesel production. Recent contributions in algal fuel research include breakthroughs in genetic engineering to boost lipid yields, such as CRISPR‐modified strains optimized for biofuel production. Innovative bioreactor designs are enhancing scalability and energy efficiency, while integration with waste‐to‐energy systems enables resource recovery and cost savings. Additionally, advancements in techno‐economic models are making large‐scale algal biofuel production more feasible, aided by supportive government policies and subsidies. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent advancements in microalgal growth techniques and biofuel production methodologies. This study aims to identify key research gaps and contribute to the optimization of biofuel production processes and the development of sustainable bioenergy solutions.

Research on the Development Path of Traditional Ethnic Minority Villages' Governance: A Case Study of the Miao Village of Basha in Guizhou

This paper takes the governance and development of the Miao Village of Basha in Congjiang County, Guizhou Province as the research subject. Based on relevant domestic and international studies, it employs a combination of literature research, field investigation, and comprehensive analysis methods, applying governance theory to analyze the development of Basha Village. Through field surveys and empirical analysis, it was found that there are still many problems that need to be addressed in the actual governance and development of Basha Village, such as insufficient government policy support, inadequate infrastructure, inadequate construction of grassroots self-governance organizations, and insufficient publicity efforts. After identifying these issues, corresponding paths were proposed to address the problems that have arisen.

Current status, performance characteristics and future perspective of electric tractor

<p align="justify">Electric tractors with its cutting-edge technological improvements represent a transformative shift in agricultural technology for achieving the broad objectives of sustainable and environment friendly farming practices. This review examines the current status, performance characteristics, and future perspectives of electric tractors, focusing on their potential to replace traditional diesel models. The analysis highlights the advantages of electric tractors, including lower operational costs, reduced maintenance, and zero emissions, which contribute to quieter and cleaner agricultural operations. This transformation is witnessing several challenges in terms of high initial costs, limited battery life and the need for extensive charging infrastructure. The performance of electric tractors, particularly in extreme climates, is also a significant concern, with battery efficiency and power output varying under different environmental conditions. Despite these challenges, advancements in battery technology and propulsion systems, along with supportive government policies, are paving the way for greater adoption of electric tractors. The review also discusses the variability in regional adoption rates, with Europe leading due to strong regulatory support, while other regions like North America and Asia-Pacific are witnessing sluggish growth. The integration of electric tractors into precision agriculture and smart farming systems presents exciting opportunities for the future, boosting both productivity and sustainability. The investment in innovations and infrastructure related to electric tractor and renewed supportive policies from the governmental sector can usher a revolution in agricultural production system with lower environmental impact.</p>

Competitiveness of Pepper Commodity as a Flagship Product to Compete In The Global Market

Pepper is one of the spices that has an important function in the global food industry. Although Indonesia is one of the major pepper producers, it faces considerable challenges from competing countries such as Vietnam and Brazil. This study aims to evaluate the competitiveness of Indonesian pepper in the global market, identify factors that affect export performance, and provide strategic recommendations to improve Indonesia's position in the international market. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach to evaluate the competitiveness of Indonesian pepper. Secondary data used are export statistics and global commodity market reports. The Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Export Product Dynamic (EPD) methods were used to analyze pepper export performance. The results showed that Indonesia experienced a decline in participation in the global value chain of pepper, with a decrease in exports from 29,692 tons in 2019 to 12,945 tons in 2022. Although Indonesia has an advantage in natural resources, it faces challenges from competing countries that have lower production costs and more efficient farming systems. Indonesia's pepper competitiveness is influenced by several factors such as product quality, innovation, and government policy support. Cooperation between the government and farmers is essential to improve the competitiveness of pepper in the international market. This study confirms that although Indonesia has great potential in pepper production, the existing challenges require serious attention. Improving Indonesia's pepper competitiveness requires the application of modern agricultural technology, product diversification, as well as stronger collaboration among all stakeholders.

TANTANGAN DAN PELUANG DALAM IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM DESA MEMBANGUN DESA SUGI WARAS

This study aims to analyze the challenges, opportunities, and impacts of the implementation of the Village Development Program in Sugi Waras Village. This program is part of the government's initiative to improve the quality of life of rural communities through better social, economic, and infrastructure development. However, its implementation faces significant challenges, such as limited resources, low community participation, and a lack of support and coordination between central, regional and village governments. Nevertheless, there are great opportunities that can be utilized to support the success of this program, including community empowerment by managing natural resources sustainably, as well as the use of information technology that can accelerate communication and transparency between the community and the government The research approach applied in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach. This approach was chosen because it can provide an in-depth description of the challenges and opportunities faced in the implementation of the Village Development Program in Sugi Waras Village, as well as the role of the community and government in achieving more inclusive and sustainable development goals. By using this approach, the research is expected to identify factors that influence the success of the program, in terms of available resources, community participation, and relevant government policy support. The results of this study are expected to provide useful suggestions for improving policies and strategies in the implementation of the Village Development Program in the future.

Dynamics of society, food availability and consumption: Underlying evidence from selected smallholders in South Africa

The study examined the dynamics of society, food availability and consumption, a call for the promotion of health of community dwellers in South Africa. Food availability and dietary intake were discussed in terms of food groups available in society. The study group was selected through random sampling and before data collection, a pre-test of the questionnaire was carried out with the help of 15 enumerators who were trained for the purpose of this study. Structured questionnaires employed were divided into sections as follows: i) the socio-economic, demographic information and farm-level characteristics of respondents, ii) various food items and sources, iii) dietary and food consumption patterns. The food consumption frequency was captured through 7-day recall pattern suggested by World Food Programme (WFP) of the United Nations, commonly referred to as Food Consumption Score (FCS). Findings indicate that there was a high intake of cereals and tubers amongst men in the two villages (Mzinti and Kabokweni). Fulfilling the WFP principles, FCS was re-grouped into two clusters: poor, borderline as ‘Acceptable’ (1) and ‘Unacceptable’ (0). The outcome variable, FCS, was grouped as a dichotomous variable, categorized as ‘Acceptable’ with assigned value of 1 and ‘Unacceptable’ assigned 0. The determinants of food consumption were specified, using logistic regression. Overall, males (24%) had more energy intake (cereals and tuber) in Mzinti as compared to females (21%). However, results reveal that fruits and pulses were the least commonly consumed food groups over a 7-day recall period for Kabokweni and Mzinti. The findings also reveal that 60.97% of respondents in Kabokweni and 64.96% in Mzinti were within the acceptable food consumption score. The following variables: age (p < 0.022), level of education (p < 0.006 and p < 0.039), household size, (p < 0.007), extension services (p < 0.001 and p < 0.028), and farm experience (p <.018**) were positively and significantly associated with FCS. Food insecurity impacts directly on physical, economic and mental health of people and understanding the food security status of communities is vital for planning. Additionally, the study underscores the relevance of obtaining necessary statistics for dietary diversity of households to support government policy making. An evolving and innovative policy direction is proposed for exploring the dynamics of integrating food security into government health programmes. Key words: Smallholders, food insecurity, food consumption score, South Africa

Strategies for Realizing Independent Villages in Wajo Regency: Identification of Supporting and Obstacle Factors through SWOT Approach

Village development is an important part of Indonesia's national development policy, with the aim of improving community welfare through village empowerment and self-reliance. Wajo Regency, which has abundant natural resource potential but still faces a number of challenges, is the focus of this research. This research aims to identify the factors that support and hinder the implementation of independent village development in Wajo Regency, as well as formulate appropriate strategies to improve village independence. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study, where data was collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive qualitative techniques and SWOT analysis, which examines the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in the implementation of independent village development. The results showed that supporting factors such as natural resource potential, government policy support, and active community participation, while inhibiting factors include the limited quality of human resources, dependence on village funds, and limited infrastructure. Based on these findings, the proposed strategies include strengthening the quality of human resources, diversifying village income sources, and improving infrastructure and technology to support the sustainability of independent village development in Wajo Regency.

Impact of government support policies on firm performance of Vietnam’s small and medium tourism enterprises: The mediating role of competitive advantage

The government plays a decisive role in the general stability and sustainable development of the business community and tourism enterprises in particular. The recent Covid-19 pandemic has served as clear evidence of the government’s crucial support for tourism businesses. This study was conducted to explore and measure the impact of government support on the firm performance of small and medium tourism enterprises in Vietnam from the perspective of business leaders. Data were collected based on a survey of 798 leaders working in small and medium tourism enterprises. The results showed that government support before, during, and after the Covid-19 pandemic, through tax policies, credit policies, legal procedure support policies, and labor and social welfare policies, positively influenced firm performance through the mediating role of enhancing competitive advantage. However, this study found that digital transformation in small and medium-sized tourism enterprises had an insignificant impact on improving competitive advantage and firm performance. The results contribute to enriching the overall theory and provide policy and managerial implications for stakeholders in the future. AcknowledgmentThis research is funded by the Ministry of Education and Training of Vietnam with code B2023-DHH-02 under decision No. 2036/QD-BGDDT dated July 22, 2022. Furthermore, this study is the result of collaboration between a group of scientists from the Faculty of Law, Hue University, and School of Business and Economics, Duy Tan University. The authors would like to acknowledge the support and facilitation provided by both institutions for the publication of this article.

A study on the promotion of biofertilizer: an application of the plackett-luce model

The research focuses on understanding the elements that drive Agro-input dealers to promote biofertilizers and highlights the challenges encountered in their adoption. With increasing environmental concerns over chemical fertilizers, biofertilizers are promoted as a sustainable alternative that improves soil fertility through beneficial microorganisms. The research was conducted in Hassan district, Karnataka, where 40 dealers were surveyed using structured questionnaires. The Plackett-Luce model was employed to analyze ranked data and understand the relative importance of variables. Results show that high promotional activities (worthiness=0.80, P=<0.001), profitability (worthiness=0.42, P=<0.001) and Service by Company Staff (worthiness=0.23, P=<0.001) significantly impact dealers' promotion efforts, whereas brand image (worthiness=-0.56, P=0.349) has minimal influence. Constraints such as farmers' negative attitudes (worthiness=2.65, P=<0.001), insufficient market facilities (worthiness=1.41, P=<0.005) and limited dealer knowledge (worthiness=-2.02, P=<0.001) were identified as significant barriers. Promotional strategies like field trials (worthiness=0.93, P=<0.001), farmers' meetings (worthiness=0.83, P=<0.001) and jeep campaigns (worthiness=0.61, P=<0.001) emerged as the most effective methods for engaging farmers. The study highlights the need for improved dealer training, better market infrastructure and supportive government policies to enhance biofertilizer promotion, fostering sustainable agricultural practices.

The Contribution of Biomass Energy on Urban Sustainable Development: Opportunities and Challenges

This paper examines the biomass energy issue, particularly its potential and problems in urban sustainability development. With the increase in demand for energy worldwide and sources of traditional fossil fuels gradually dwindling, biomass and other new and sustainable sources become more critical. A qualitative approach is taken to develop the framework, considering literature reviews and content analysis as the techniques employed. The results highlight the potential of biomass in meeting energy demands at the global scale but simultaneously stress the need for would-be expertise management to leverage the potential. The advantages of biomass energy include but are not limited to the enhancement of economic development, environmental upgrading, and boosting energy security by decreasing the dependence on fossil fuels. Land allocation disputes and negative energy balance issues complicate the situation, but recent technologies have eliminated such helpless considerations. The policy and planning implications show that such biomass energy potential cannot be fully exploited without government policy support, infrastructure investment, and international cooperation. This research tries to show above all that, despite the limitations, biomass energy provides significant benefits for city sustainability through the diversification of energy supply, intending to achieve goals compatible with global sustainable development. Areas for future research are provided, leaning toward more quantitative and empirical research to solve problems and verify theories. In fact, cities need to use biomass energy with ecological and equitable perspectives in mind.

Utilization of Sustainable Aquaculture Technologies to Increase Fisheries Production in Coastal Areas: Review and Recommendations

This study aims to analyze the application of sustainable aquaculture technology in increasing fishery production in coastal areas, with a qualitative approach through literature study and literature research. Sustainable aquaculture technology offers innovative solutions to address fisheries production challenges, such as declining marine catches, environmental degradation, and climate change. This research focuses on the development of environmentally friendly technology, efficient use of resources, and adaptation to local ecosystems. The results of the study show that the use of technologies such as biofloc, aquaponics systems, and Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) is able to increase the productivity and sustainability of the coastal fisheries sector. In addition, government policy support and active participation of coastal communities are key factors in the successful implementation of this technology. The main obstacles identified include lack of access to information technology, limited funding, and low environmental awareness. This study recommends the preparation of a continuous training program, strengthening collaboration between academics, the government, and industry players, as well as providing incentives for the adoption of sustainable technology. This finding is expected to be a reference for the development of an environmentally friendly aquaculture-based fishery production improvement strategy in Indonesia's coastal areas.

Endangered Languages: A Systematic Qualitative Study of Socio-Cultural Impacts and Revitalisation

Abstract This study investigates endangered language preservation through three research questions: risk factors for endangerment, socio-cultural effects of language loss, and complexities in preservation and revitalisation. A qualitative systematic review underscores the cultural, historical and intellectual importance of endangered languages. It identifies globalisation, urbanisation, and dominant languages as key accelerators of linguistic endangerment. The findings indicate significant sociocultural consequences of language loss, notably the decline of cultural identity and heritage. The study concludes that community involvement, technological advancements, and supportive government policies are crucial to successful preservation, ensuring that at-risk languages are maintained and revitalised for future generations.

Розвиток екосистеми стартапів України в час війни: проблеми та виклики

This article explores the dynamic and multifaceted challenges facing startup ecosystems in Ukraine during wartime, examining how political instability and economic turmoil have impacted the innovation landscape. The study highlights the critical need for supportive legislation and effective government policies that foster an environment conducive to the growth and sustainability of startups. By dissecting the structure of Ukraine's startup ecosystem, the paper identifies the key elements that contribute to its functionality and pinpoints the current barriers that stymie progress. The research underscores the significance of state support in establishing a legal framework that not only protects but also incentivizes new enterprises. The lack of a nurturing legislative environment is shown to be a major impediment, preventing startups from scaling their operations and achieving long-term sustainability. The article argues that comprehensive policy reforms are necessary to mitigate the risks associated with doing business in a conflict zone, which includes ensuring adequate protection against market volatility and enhancing access to both domestic and international funding. Through a systematic analysis of the ecosystem's components, the study provides a detailed assessment of the roles played by various stakeholders, including government bodies, venture capitalists, educational institutions, and innovation hubs. The interaction between these entities forms a complex network that either supports or hinders the entrepreneurial initiatives depending on the prevailing economic policies and the overall stability of the country. Furthermore, the paper proposes strategic recommendations aimed at strengthening the resilience of startups during and after the crisis. It calls for a targeted approach in policy-making that considers the unique challenges posed by the geopolitical situation in Ukraine. Special attention is given to the adaptation of international best practices in startup development and the strategic importance of creating partnerships that extend beyond national borders to secure both technological and financial resources. The culmination of this research outlines the necessity for an integrated strategy that aligns governmental action with private sector goals and international cooperation. By fostering a robust startup ecosystem, Ukraine can drive innovation, economic diversification, and sustained growth, thus overcoming the current challenges and paving the way for future stability and prosperity in the region. This study not only contributes to the scholarly discussion on economic resilience in conflict zones but also serves as a guide for policymakers, business leaders, and academics interested in the development of entrepreneurial ecosystems under adverse conditions.

PENGEMBANGAN MODEL MANAJEMEN KONFLIK DALAM PENANGANAN BULLYING DI SEKOLAH DASAR

Conflict reflects differences, conflicts, or inconsistencies between interrelated elements, which can have positive (functional) or negative (dysfunctional) impacts. In the context of bullying, conflict management includes steps to overcome bullying behavior that often occurs in elementary schools. This study aims to develop a conflict management model based on a therapeutic approach and character values in handling bullying in elementary schools. The study used a literature study method with data collection techniques through borrowing books from the library, reviewing journal articles, and recording and processing data from relevant literature. The main findings of this study are the development of a model consisting of four stages: (1) Conflict Identification, which involves early detection of bullying through surveys and observations; (2) Mediation by Teachers, with the application of a dialogic approach and restorative-based resolution; (3) Character Education, through the integration of anti-bullying values in the curriculum; and (4) Collaboration between Parents and Schools, to strengthen emotional support and consistency of rules at home and school. This model is implemented through case simulations, teacher training, and workshops involving students and parents. The analysis results show that this approach can create a more inclusive environment, encourage positive behavioral changes, and minimize dysfunctional conflicts in elementary schools. The study recommends the wider application of this model with the support of government policies and the development of the capacity of educators.

Assessing the Impact of Performance Management Systems on Reward Management and Staff Motivation in Malawi: A Case Study of Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR)

The study assessed the impact of performance management systems (PMS) on reward management and staff motivation at the Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR) in Malawi. Its objectives were: to assess the implementation of the PMS at LUANAR, focusing on its alignment with reward management practices and its effect on staff motivation; to examine the efficacy of the current PMS at LUANAR in enhancing reward management practices and staff motivation; and to identify challenges affecting the optimal functioning of the PMS along with devised interventions at LUANAR. The study utilized Performance Management and Equity Theories to assess PMS alignment with reward practices. A mixed-method design was employed, incorporating qualitative and quantitative approaches. The sample included 106 respondents, comprising: academic staff, administrative personnel, and management officials involved with PMS using purposive sampling for specific groups and simple random sampling for statistical representativeness. Data collection involved semi-structured interviews and structured questionnaires. A 100% questionnaire return rate was achieved. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically to identify patterns, while quantitative data were processed using descriptive statistics with SPSS version 20. The analysis showed that 67% of respondents viewed the alignment between PMS and reward management positively, although 27% noted inconsistencies in reward reflection. Motivation levels varied, with 49% experiencing an increase and 33% reporting a decrease, indicating issues with the clarity of performance-reward links. While 80% of respondents reported a high adoption rate, 10% faced barriers such as insufficient training. Performance metrics were positively rated by 60%, but 15% found them unclear. Additionally, concerns included inconsistent professional development opportunities and perceived inequities in rewards and feedback. Besides, the study noted that the ineffectiveness of the current PMS is due to a lack of coherent government policy and insufficient leadership support, leading to non-adherence to performance practices and a decline in service delivery, which negatively affects staff motivation and rewards. In response, the study recommends that LUANAR refine its PMS by ensuring transparent and consistent reward criteria, improving clarity in performance-reward links, and investing in comprehensive training programs. The university should also clarify performance metrics, standardize feedback protocols, and develop equitable professional development opportunities. Enhancing leadership support for the PMS and addressing perceived inequities in reward distribution are crucial for boosting staff engagement and effectiveness. These recommendations aim at addressing identified deficiencies and improve the implementation and impact of the PMS at LUANAR.