Governmental Administrations Research Articles

Analysis of factors influencing banks' profitability using panel data models

The banking sector, as one of the fundamental pillars of the financial industry, being in a healthy condition is of paramount importance not only from an individual perspective but also for firms and governmental administrations. Banks support sustainable economic conditions in all economies by facilitating investments and channeling idle funds into the economy. In this study, the analysis of micro and macro-level variables affecting the return on assets and return on equity of 24 banks operating in the Turkish banking sector from 2016 to 2023 has been investigated using panel data models. According to the results obtained from the analysis, it was found that there is a positive and significant relationship between return on assets and capital adequacy ratio, a negative and significant relationship with non-performing loans, a positive and significant relationship with BIST100 (Borsa Istanbul 100 Index), and a negative and significant relationship with bond yields. Additionally, a negative and significant relationship was found between return on equity and non-performing loans, and a positive and significant relationship with the BIST100 index.

STATE TREASuRy AS A SuBjECT OF COLLATERAL LEGALRELATIONS IN THE XIXth — EARLy XXth CENTuRIES

The article deals with the legal norms for real estate pledge under the contracts with the State Treasury in the XIXth — early XXth centuries. The Treasury, as one of the parties to the contracts for work and labour or supplies, made rather high demands on the pledged property. The key interest was economic (business), because the contracts were designed to serve the interests of various governmental administrations, including Military, Engineering, etc. State institutions, both then and now, serve the needs of the state and society at a particular historical moment. In parallel, the develop-ment of contract law is taking place. This leads to an expansion of the range of collateral for real estate. Simultaneously the subject of pledge became broader gradually, primarily due to the need to provide landlords and property owners with new incentives for eco-nomic activity. This leads to an expansion of the range of collateral for real estate. One of the main reasons for expanding the list of real estate objects was the need to provide land-lords and property owners with new incentives for economic activity. At the same time, the location and market value of real estate was put at the forefront, because in case of a party’s failure to fulfill obligations to the Treasury, the subject of pledge was to be sold at the auction, which was supposed to help compensate for the damage caused to the trea-sury. The development of legal norms for real estate pledge under the contracts with the Treasury in the Russian Empire is closely related both to state institutions’ functioning within the bureaucratized management system and to huge geographical diversity with multinational specifics. In a certain sense, the system of contracts for work and labour or supplies in the Russian Empire demonstrates the groundwork for modern government contracts.

Public discourse and sentiment during Mpox outbreak: an analysis using natural language processing

ObjectivesMpox has been declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization on July 23, 2022. Since early May 2022, Mpox has been continuously reported in several endemic countries with alarming death rates. This led to several discussions and deliberations on the Mpox virus among the general public through social media and platforms such as health forums. This study proposes natural language processing techniques such as topic modeling to unearth the general public's perspectives and sentiments on growing Mpox cases worldwide. Study designThis was a detailed qualitative study using natural language processing on the user-generated comments from social media. MethodsA detailed analysis using topic modeling and sentiment analysis on Reddit comments (n = 289,073) that were posted between June 1 and August 5, 2022, was conducted. While the topic modeling was used to infer major themes related to the health emergency and user concerns, the sentiment analysis was conducted to see how the general public responded to different aspects of the outbreak. ResultsThe results revealed several interesting and useful themes, such as Mpox symptoms, Mpox transmission, international travel, government interventions, and homophobia from the user-generated contents. The results further confirm that there are many stigmas and fear of the unknown nature of the Mpox virus, which is prevalent in almost all topics and themes unearthed. ConclusionsAnalyzing public discourse and sentiments toward health emergencies and disease outbreaks is highly important. The insights that could be leveraged from the user-generated comments from public forums such as social media may be important for community health intervention programs and infodemiology researchers. The findings from this study effectively analyzed the public perceptions that may enable quantifying the effectiveness of measures imposed by governmental administrations. The themes unearthed may also benefit health policy researchers and decision-makers to make informed and data-driven decisions.

Ecosystem Services: A Social and Semantic Network Analysis of Public Opinion on Twitter.

Social media data reveal patterns of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours of users on a range of topics. This study analysed 4398 tweets gathered between 17 January 2022 and 3 February 2022 related to ecosystem services, using the keyword and hashtag "ecosystem services". The Microsoft Excel plugin, NodeXL was used for social and semantic network analysis. The results reveal a loosely dense network in which information is conveyed slowly, with homogeneous, medium-sized subgroups typical of the community cluster structure. Citizens, NGOs, and governmental administrations emerged as the main gatekeepers of information in the network. Various semantic themes emerged such as the protection of natural capital for the sustainable production of ecosystem services; nature-based solutions to protect human structures and wellbeing against natural hazards; socio-ecological systems as the interaction between human beings and the environment; focus on specific services such as the storage of atmospheric CO2 and the provision of food. In conclusion, the perception of social users of the role of ecosystem services can help policymakers and forest managers to outline and implement efficient forest management strategies and plans.

Enhanced landfill process based on leachate recirculation and micro-aeration: A comprehensive technical, environmental, and economic assessment

The landfill is still the primary waste treatment method in developing countries. Due to the long stability time and long-term occupation of a large amount of land, the landfill poses a significant threat to the ecological environment and affects the process of urbanization. This study conducted a landfill simulation reactor (LSR) experiment to achieve rapid landfill stabilization through micro-aeration and leachate recirculation. More than 60 % of the degradable organic carbon in the enhanced process (LSR-IV contains 24 % of the retained carbon) can be relatively quickly converted to a gaseous state, which is nearly half higher than the degradation efficiency of the traditional process (LSR-I contains 59.3 % of the retained carbon). A comprehensive environmental assessment is developed for the enhanced process, and better environmental benefits are obtained from the whole landfill process. Compared with conventional treatment process, the enhanced process is applied to the actual landfill to analyze the economic cost. In terms of the total cost, the enhanced process cost (60.1 CNY) is about 44 % lower than the conventional landfill process cost (107.6 CNY). The enhanced process saves nearly half of the time cost and reduces the cost of land acquisition. This study can provide a reference for governmental and municipal administrations to carry out the technological transformation of traditional landfills from the aspects of technology, economy and environment.

The relationship between a numbers of administrative instructions in implementation the process of reducing employees

Since 1992, KRG-IRAQ has been established to governing the northern region of Iraq (Kurdistan), with small number of employees and moderate governmental administrations. However, with passing of time this statues changed, especially after 2004, as new central Iraqi government great budget effluent for KRG-IRAQ, that drags with itself recruitment of hundreds thousands of officials. Then, in 2014, political conflicts occurred between central government of Iraq and KRG-Iraq and together with terrorist organization of ISIS war and crude oil price depression makes KRG-IRAQ not be able to pay full monthly employee's salary. This research tries to introduce a guideline for government rightsizing through using of three administrative regulations of; (Reduced work week), Job sharing and Early retirement. A quantitative research methodology has been chose to analyze a specimen of governmental high officers' opinion through questionnaire approach to know how these 3 independent variables effects rightsizing as dependent variable. A questionnaire form created after making case study interview and checking both validity and reliability, three hypotheses were been estimated (H1, H2 and H3). Data analyzed after checking the reliability through frequency and correlation (Bivariate analyses method), the results show high significant correlation of all three administration regulation with the possibility of rightsizing implementation for KRG-Iraq's employees. Reference: Andy field. (2005) Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics, fourth edition. 4th edn. London: SAGE Publications. Alchemer (2021) Collecting Personal Information with Surveys Should Be Handled Delicately. [Online]. 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Two of a kind? On the influence of parliamentary and governmental administrations

ABSTRACT Whether and how bureaucrats are influential actors in policy-making are core questions of Public Administration (PA) research; however, most studies have focused on executive bureaucracies, while their legislative counterparts have received only limited attention. Now that a new research agenda on parliamentary administrations has emerged, this article seeks to bridge the gap between PA and legislative studies to compare and contrast bureaucratic influence in both branches. For this purpose, the article introduces established determinants of influence in the study of governmental administrations and applies them to the legislature. It shows that, based on the dominant configuration of individual, organisational and institutional factors, the likelihood of specific modes of bureaucratic influence is different from governmental administrations. Generally, however, these modes of influence are not exclusive to governments or parliaments but rather contingent on the specific politico-administrative setting, revealing several avenues for future research.

A Social Vulnerability Analysis of Risk Due to Cyber–Physical Threats to Pennsylvania Dams

As technology advances, critical infrastructure systems that shape our daily lives are becoming increasingly complex and connected. Multiple governmental administrations in the U.S. have recognized this connectedness and the potential threats that interdependencies and complexity present, but an emerging cyber-physical threat landscape persists and continues to evolve. In this work, we sought to explore the ways in which various cyber-physical risks to a subset of dams in Pennsylvania could affect communities which use these dams as a water supply.

Múltiplas faces da pandemia

A pandemia do novo coronavírus (COVID-19) rapidamente impactou os sistemas de saúde e a economia mundial, tornando-se a maior crise sanitária da idade moderna. Começou com um surto em Wuham, na China, e vem assumindo proporções inimagináveis, gerando discussões políticas e acadêmicas na forma de enfrentamento, além do pânico gerado na população pela gravidade de seus efeitos. Este estudo baseia-se em artigo teórico realizado por meio de revisão não sistemática de literatura e tem por objetivo identificar as principais características do vírus e seus reflexos, principalmente no Brasil. Como nos demais países, o sistema de saúde brasileiro foi fortemente atingido, exigindo intensa mobilização das gestões governamentais em todas as esferas. Nesse sentido, enfatiza-se a necessidade do fortalecimento e financiamento adequado do Sistema Único de Saúde no combate à s crises sanitárias, visto o sucateamento progressivo que vem sofrendo nos últimos anos. Igualmente importante é a contextualização das intervenções por parte dos gestores, onde o conhecimento científico apresenta-se como um forte aliado no enfrentamento da pandemia, fortalecimento do SUS e orientação para a gestão pública brasileira.

Actes de protection dans les documents de Bactriane

This paper addresses the concept and mechanism of protection represented in Bactrian documents. Based on the analysis of these documents, it discusses two main procedures for obtaining protection practiced in late antique Bactria. The first was the presentation of petitions by an individual or a group of people to the local authorities with the aim of asking for protection for their lives, properties and honour. In this mechanism oral petitions, letters, and intermediaries played the main role. The second procedure for obtaining protection was to ask for “a contract of undertaking” which was issued by the court of law and witnessed and sealed by court officials. The contract of undertaking had specific legal clauses which guaranteed protection for the petitioners and their dependants. In both cases the petitions were issued by the authorities through a set of standard administrative procedures. The systems suggested in these documents show that a sophisticated system for redressing wrongs and providing protection was provided by governmental administrations that reached even the smallest villages in Bactria.

Suggested Administrative Management on Green Purchasing Behavior in Vietnam

This research aims at examining factors affecting green purchasing behaviour in Vietnam, by interviewing 297 consumers who are over 18 at the beginning of 2018. Cronbach’s Alpha, exploratory factor analysing and linear multiple regressioning were used. The results show that there are three main factors affecting green purchasing behaviour in Vietnam, arranged by reducing the importance: (1) green promotion activities, (2) information sources, and (3) price of green products. This is one of the first researches in Vietnam about this topic, and the research reveals some suggestions for businesses and governmental administrations to enhance green purchasing behaviour.

Estado y políticas culturales en Argentina. Un análisis comparativo entre el Kirchnerismo y la Alianza Cambiemos (2007-2017)

El presente trabajo propone una aproximación analítica respecto del modo en que las gestiones gubernamentales nacionales de los últimos 10 años han promovido, planificado y desarrollado sus políticas culturales. Con ese objetivo, en un primer apartado se trabaja teóricamente la idea de Estado y de políticas culturales. Luego, se avanza en una reconstrucción de las políticas culturales que se llevaron a cabo durante los dos gobiernos de Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (2007-2015) y los primeros dos años de la gestión de la Alianza Cambiemos (2015-2017). A partir de un análisis comparativo de las gestiones, se dará cuenta de los paradigmas culturales que subyacen a las mismas, y las modalidades de acción desarrolladas por el Estado en cada coyuntura particular. Concluiremos con la identificación de rupturas y continuidades entre dichas gestiones, recuperando la pregunta por el sentido de cultura que proponen y las tensiones que estos sentidos generan en el campo cultural nacional.

Suggested administrative management on green purchasing behaviour in Vietnam

This research aims at examining factors affecting green purchasing behaviour in Vietnam, by interviewing 297 consumers who are over 18 at the beginning of 2018. Cronbach's Alpha, exploratory factor analysing and linear multiple regressioning were used. The results show that there are three main factors affecting green purchasing behaviour in Vietnam, arranged by reducing the importance: (1) green promotion activities, (2) information sources, and (3) price of green products. This is one of the first researches in Vietnam about this topic, and the research reveals some suggestions for businesses and governmental administrations to enhance green purchasing behaviour.

Cyberloafing among the Civil Servants: Evidence from Malaysia

Workplace cyberloafing among government servants has become one of the most challenging issues facing by Malaysian governmental organisations and administrations. The phenomenon of cyberloafing among government servants in the governmental service context calls for an effort to determine the factors that influence the related cyberloafing. This research has identified four factors which predict cyberloafing behaviour namely job satisfaction, internet usage policy, job stress and work procrastination. A total 150 government servants in Putrajaya were targeted as respondents and the self-administered questionnaires were employed as the main method of primary data collection. Smart PLS 3.0 was employed to access the constructs’ structural model and measurement model. The findings reveal that only internet usage policy and work procrastinations are predicting cyberloafing behaviour predominantly. This study also emphasizes the need to perceive cyberloafing positively while imposing the correct amount of control on it.

Implementación errática del Marco Curricular Común de la RIEMS en Aguascalientes

La Reforma Integral de la Educación Media Superior en México (RIEMS) se elaboró en 2008. Su instrumentación e impacto han sido muy limitados, no obstante cierta fortaleza y arraigo institucional que ha trascendido las diferencias partidistas en las administraciones gubernamentales. En particular la implementación del Marco Curricular Común (MCC) ha sido desigual entre los subsistemas de este nivel y con resultados insatisfactorios. Este estudio explora, mediante entrevistas a profundidad realizadas a funcionarios clave de Aguascalientes, la instrumentación del MCC desde la perspectiva de las instancias intermedias de gestión del sistema, la política pública y el cambio educativo. Los resultados muestran seis problemáticas: subsistemas con desiguales condiciones de actualización docente, dependencia de la voluntad de los actores en ausencia de condiciones de gestión, perfiles y atribuciones limitadas de los funcionarios, dificultad para comprender la RIEMS, rigidez en instancias de gestión y ausencia de un organismo eficaz para gestionar la implementación.

Reliability assessment of ageing infrastructures: an interdisciplinary methodology

This article presents an interdisciplinary methodology that provides decision makers with key figures on the reliability of ageing structures in transport infrastructures. The methodology is closely connected to ongoing discussions about proactive and sustainable maintenance strategies under increasing economic and ecological pressures. Since the infrastructures of the main modes of transport in Germany, that is, roads, railways and waterways, pose similar challenges to the responsible governmental authorities and administrations, the development of the methodology presented in this article is embedded in the research programme ‘BMVI Network of Experts’. Under the premises of the research programme, the methodology provides a step-by-step approach to creating a profound knowledge base which is required for the reliability assessment of ageing infrastructures. The methodology aims at generating meaningful key figures about the structural condition of an assessed asset for a risk-informed maintenance strategy. The examples of a condition assessment procedure based on a fuzzy criticality recommendation and a screening tool for ranking a large number of structures using operative reliability indices illustrate how the interdisciplinary methodology allows the development of user-friendly tools to support and facilitate the management of infrastructure maintenance in the responsible governmental entities.

Steps forward and open issues on the reduction of the risks related to hydrocarbon production and gas storage: the Italian experience from the viewpoint of two governmental administrations

This paper shows how mature and consolidated scientific outcomes and the increased awareness on the risks related to the hydrocarbon production and gas storage have brought European and national governments to develop new regulations, decrees, and guidelines informed by high-level scientific contents. To do this, the Italian experience from 2012 to present is described from the viewpoint of two governmental administrations, i.e., the Ministry of the Economic Development and the National Civil Protection Department. A fruitful interaction among research institutes, universities, and public administrations has accompanied this long activity phase. It includes, among other things, the constitution of working groups, the development of regulatory guidelines, their testing in pilot case studies, the constitution of a technical–scientific network for the offshore safety (CLYPEA). Within this collaboration, common goals are pursued with a coordinated approach by the ministry and the department, optimizing therefore the achievement of common goals.

Một số yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến hành vi tiêu dùng xanh tại TPHCM (The Factors Affecting Green Purchasing Behavior at Ho Chi Minh City)

Vietnamese Abstract: Nghien cứu nay nhằm nhận dạng cac yếu tố quan trọng ảnh hưởng đến hanh vi tieu dung xanh tại thanh phố Hồ Chi Minh, thong qua phỏng vấn 297 khach hang. Phương phap kiểm định độ tin cậy của thang đo thong qua hệ số Cronbach’s alpha, phân tich yếu tố kham pha EFA, va xây dựng mo hinh hồi quy tuyến tinh bội. Kết quả cho thấy co 3 yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến hanh vi tieu dung xanh tại thanh phố Hồ Chi Minh, sắp xếp theo thứ tự tầm quan trọng giảm dần: (1) hoạt động chieu thị xanh, (2) nguồn thong tin va (3) gia sản phẩm xanh. Đây la nghien cứu lần đầu tại Việt Nam, tuy vậy, nghien cứu nay cũng đề xuất một số ham ý quản trị cho cac doanh nghiệp va cơ quan quản lý nha nước nhằm tang cường hanh vi tieu dung xanh. English Abstract: This research attempted to examine factors affecting green purchasing behavior at Ho Chi Minh City, by interviewing 297 consumers. Cronbach’s Alpha, exploratory factor analyzing and linear multiple regressioning were used. The results show that there are three main factors affecting green purchasing behavior at Ho Chi Minh City, arranged by reducing the importance: (1) green promotion activities, (2) information sources, and (3) price of green products. This is the first research in Vietnam about this topic, however, the research reveals some suggestions for businesses and governmental administrations to enhance green purchasing behavior.

The Weimar Century: German Émigrés and the Ideological Foundations of the Cold War by Udi Greenberg (review)

[MWS 16.2 (2016) 254-283] ISSN 1470-8078 http://dx.doi.org/10.15543/MWS/2016/2/9© Max Weber Studies 2016, Clifton House, 17 Malvern Road, London, E8 3LP. Book Reviews Udi Greenberg, The Weimar Century: German Émigrés and the Ideological Foundations of the Cold War (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2014), ix + 276pp. (hbk). ISBN 978-0-691-15933-1. $35.00. There has been so much research and so many publications about German academic émigrés to the United States in the fields of law, politics, and the social sciences on both sides of the Atlantic over the last three decades that all relevant issues seem to have been covered already. So what should one expect from another book on this topic? Such initial skepticism is forgotten after just a few minutes of reading Udi Greenberg’s remarkable book. Greenberg makes clear that he aims at more than just retelling the story of a few German émigrés who came to the United States after 1933. He wants to convince the reader that the influence of some of these German émigrés on American politics from the late 1940s until the early 1960s—the era in which the United States became the number one world superpower —had been underestimated for far too long. The book breaks new ground in the research on the role of German émigrés in the United States. Much ink has been spelled about the tremendous influence of authors like Hannah Arendt, Leo Strauss, or Herbert Marcuse in American academia. Other historians have already written about the role that politicians with a German émigré background, such as Henry Kissinger, played in the U.S. administration . But Greenberg intends to do far more. He wants to give evidence to support two theses which obviously inspired the ambitious title of the book, The Weimar Century: first, that the ideas, policies, and institutional connections of German émigrés travelled basically unchanged with them from Weimar Germany to the other side of the Atlantic; and second, that the ideas and activities of these five German émigr és, in particular, became crucial for both democratization and antiCommunist mobilization in the United States after World War II. The German émigrés whom Greenberg identifies as most influential , in this sense, were Karl Loewenstein (1891–1973), Ernst Fraenkel Book Reviews 255© Max Weber Studies 2016. (1898–1975), Carl Joachim Friedrich (1902–1984), Waldemar Gurian (1902–1954), and Hans Morgenthau (1904–1980), the youngest among them. All five made impressive careers in the United States, soon after escaping from Nazi Germany, as academics, writers, and—last but not least—consultants to various governmental administrations and philanthropic organizations. These five émigrés came from very different political, philosophical, religious, and intellectual backgrounds . Readers of Max Weber Studies may be interested to know that two of them—Loewenstein and Friedrich—were strongly influenced by Weber and his reception in Germany. Though some of the five émigrés loosely knew each other from their Weimar years, they never formed a group, even in exile. Each of them preferred to act on his own terrain. However, they did share one distinctive ideological mission: they wanted to save the United States from the disastrous fate of the short-lived Weimar Republic, as its collapse in 1933 had opened the path to the National Socialism and thus dictatorship, war, and the Holocaust. The book is organized into five main chapters. Each chapter is devoted to one of the German émigrés. There have already been biographies, books, and articles about every one of them, but Greenberg has nonetheless been able to dig up a great deal of material that had so far remained unnoticed, distributed in more than fifteen archives in Germany, the U.S., and England. It is surprising how many new facets about the German émigrés in America Greenberg has been able to contribute to our knowledge. This is the case, in particular , for the archival material he has found about Karl Loewenstein ’s deep involvement in the United States’ diplomatic and brutal military interventions in Latin America, already beginning in 1941 (187-98); about Ernst Fraenkel’s role as a key...

Introducing Effective and Efficient Economics Tools in Urban Waste Management

<p class="zhengwen"><span lang="EN-GB">Recycling industry as key cycle in waste management chain has significant role in keeping national capitals to prevent from wasting resources and environmental pollution that its efficiency and effectiveness depends on participations of all society levels and responsible governmental administrations. Studies have shown that in waste management of Tehran city, necessary infrastructures and context should be provided besides training and culturing local people and guilds. Economics tools can have important role in improving waste management condition and proper implementation. Among known sufficient tools, taxes, charges, fine systems, and making market are the most important common methods in waste management.</span></p>