Government Administration Research Articles

Political Dichotomy and Disciplinary Processes of Employees in Local Government Administration, A Case of Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, in Mopani District of Limpopo Province in South Africa

Political dichotomy in the disciplinary processes of local government employees has significant implications for governance and service delivery. This study focuses on the Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality in the Mopani District of Limpopo Province, South Africa, to explore how political affiliations and influences shape disciplinary outcomes. Using qualitative research methods, including interviews and document analysis, the study uncovers the extent to which political considerations override procedural fairness, leading to inconsistent disciplinary measures. The findings emphasize the need for depoliticized disciplinary frameworks to enhance administrative efficiency and integrity in local governance. Political patronage and interference have been shown to affect employee morale and organizational culture negatively. In the Ba-Phalaborwa Local Municipality, specific cases of political favouritism and bias have resulted in either undue leniency or harsh disciplinary actions. This study contributes to the understanding of the intricate relationship between politics and administration, highlighting the detrimental effects of political influence on the principles of accountability and transparency in local government. This research is unique in its detailed case study approach, providing a micro-level analysis that offers insights into broader national and regional trends in local government administration. It also proposes practical recommendations to mitigate political interference in disciplinary processes. By ensuring fair and consistent application of disciplinary procedures, local municipalities can improve service delivery and foster a more positive work environment.

Ombudsman in Malaysia: An Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) in promoting good governance principles

This research focuses on the ombudsman in Malaysia and its importance in strengthening good governance in civil state service. Public complaints towards maladministration and abuse of power of the government administrators or authorities have always been an issue that must be resolved in order to ensure that the government authorities are performing their functions within their jurisdictions. Ombudsman has been introduced in European countries to settle maladministration issues. In Malaysia, the current ombudsman system is adopted by the OFS which is situated in Kuala Lumpur and Integrity and Ombudsman Unit Sarawak (UNIONS) under the Premier Department of Sarawak. The implementation and effectiveness of ombudsman system will be analysed and comparison will be made to Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Norway and United Kingdom; which have adopted and practised ombudsman in their systems; particularly with regards to administrative law issues. This study shall improve the society’s awareness on the importance of ombudsman as one of the alternatives to resolve public complaints towards government administrators.

ANALISIS KINERJA BADAN PERMUSYAWARATAN DESA SENDAWAR DALAM PENYUSUNAN PERATURAN DESA KECAMATAN SEMIDANG ALAS MARAS KABUPATEN SELUMA

The Village Consultative Body (BPD) has an important role in drafting village regulations. The Village Consultative Body discusses and approves draft village regulations proposed by the village head, and supervises their implementation. They also collect input from residents and ensure village regulations meet community needs. The preparation of village regulations is the process of forming rules that apply at the village level, aimed at regulating the lives of village communities and the administration of village government. The aim of this research is to determine the performance of the Sendawar Village Consultative Body in drafting village regulations in Semidang Alas Maras District, Seluma Regency. The type of research used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The unit of analysis in this study consisted of 8 (eight) informants chosen deliberately who were considered to know best what the researcher expected. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research state that the performance of the Sendawar Village Consultative Body, Semidang Alas Maras District, Seluma Regency has not gone well. This is because in this village there are no village regulations prepared by the Village Consultative Body and Village Government. The absence of village regulations results in a lack of guidelines for regulating village social, economic and environmental life, which can trigger conflicts between residents and slow down village development. Apart from that, legal uncertainty can also reduce public trust in village government. This also indicates that the function of the Sendawar Village Consultative Body in discussing and approving village regulations is not running well or is not optimal. Keywords: Village Consultative Body, Performance, Village Regulations

A game theoretic approach for tradable white certificates regarding energy rebound and government intervention

In recent decades, many government administrations have tracked energy efficiency programs (EEPs) against environmental concerns. This was done so that it could potentially be useful as a supportive mechanism for smart technologies applied under the smart city concept. To facilitate this, tradable white certificates (TWCs) have been implemented as popular financial instruments used by energy-intensive sectors to boost cleaner production. In this study, we address an industrial EEP development with a TWC instrument as a multi-agent problem. We study this problem for the first time in the context of a supply chain that includes a manufacturer, an energy producer, and household energy consumers. Furthermore, we explore a new monopolistic pricing model for energy services and energy-efficient products, regarding the rebound effect, energy consumption, and social welfare. Additionally, we discuss two revenue-cost-sharing contracts and compare them as contracts using a comprehensive parametric and experimental analysis. The results show that the second proposed contract has some advantages over the first one. However, the second contract leads to less production than the first one does, while at the same time leading to less social welfare. Also, the findings suggest that the second investigated contract is a more appropriate instrument for the obligated parties than the first one when the aim is to improve the performance of TWC schemes. These findings can provide better circumstances for governance to optimize the critical parameters’ level on TWC schemes with the lowest analytical cost.Graphical abstract

Peran Kepemimpinan dalam Pengembangan Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik (SPBE) di Kota Medan

This research explores the role of leadership in the development of Electronic Government Systems (EGS) in Medan City. Using a qualitative approach with a literature review research design, the study analyzes how leadership influences the implementation of information technology in government administration. Findings indicate that strong and technology-oriented leadership can inspire innovation and transformation in EGS, facilitate community involvement, and enhance public service efficiency. Managerial and policy implications are outlined to support the sustainable development of EGS in Medan City.

Artificial Intelligence Function Management in Supporting the Process of Government Implementation and Public Services in Indonesia

This research investigates the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on government administration and public service delivery in Indonesia. The study employed qualitative research methods, including semi-structured interviews and detailed case studies of selected AI projects. The research results indicate that AI has significantly improved administrative efficiency and public service delivery. The “Smart Administration System” has automated routine tasks, resulting in a 60% reduction in manual processing times and enhancing overall productivity. The “Policy Insight Tool” has supported better policy formulation through advanced predictive analytics and scenario modeling. Despite these successes, the study identified challenges such as resistance to change, technical difficulties, and data integration issues. Feedback from users also highlighted limitations in AI language processing and accessibility concerns.

Historical Performance Gap, Readiness of Government, and Open Data Quality: Transnational Empirical Analysis Based on Performance Feedback Theory

Open government data has become an important movement for government administrations in numerous countries. Previous studies have paid less attention to the complex relationship among the historical performance gap, the readiness of government (including policy and action dimensions), and open data quality. Therefore, on the basis of performance feedback theory, a theoretical model has been developed and tested to analyze the impact of the historical performance gap on the readiness of government and open data quality. The model is empirically tested by the partial least squares method using sample data from 115 countries. The results show that the historical performance gap could indirectly contribute to a country's open data quality by promoting the readiness of government. In addition, the impact of this gap on the readiness of government and open data quality shows a U-shaped curve. In other words, a greater change in the effect of open data utilization in a country in the previous year entails a more significant promotion of readiness of government and open data quality in the next year. These findings drive governments to pay more attention to performance evaluation in open data and improve the readiness of government to improve their respective country's open data quality.

The Effect of Local Government Characteristics on GRDP in Indonesia during the Pandemic Period

This research aims to analyze the influence of local government characteristics, specifically Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), on Indonesia during the pandemic. Economic growth is a key component of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as outlined in point eight of the 17 SDG goals. The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly impacted local government administration, leading to a decrease in regional income in some regions of Indonesia. This research employs a quantitative approach, utilizing multiple linear regression analysis for the analysis. The results reveal that the variables of area size and the number of Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) do not have a significant impact on economic growth in Indonesia. In contrast, the variable of Regional Original Income (PAD) demonstrates a significant influence on Indonesia’s economic growth. Moreover, when considered simultaneously, the area size, the number of OPD, and PAD collectively exert a significant impact on the economic growth in Indonesia during the pandemic. These findings suggest that local governments should allocate greater efforts and resources to foster economic growth, recognizing it as a crucial element for achieving the SDGs in Indonesia. Keywords: economic growth, local government characteristics, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Analysis of Potential Regional Economic Development in Bengkulu Province in 2022

Bengkulu Province is one of the developing provinces in Indonesia. The distribution of development and economic growth is still one of the main objectives of development in Indonesia, as well as Bengkulu Province. Development and growth are still centralised in Bengkulu City, causing inequality between regions in Bengkulu Province. This research aims to identify the typology of regions in Bengkulu Province, as an evaluation material for the government in determining priority development areas based on business fields in Bengkulu Province. The research method used is quantitative with sharpened through descriptive analysis. This research uses secondary data sources obtained from BPS Bengkulu Province. Based on the existing business sectors in Bengkulu Province, the primary sector or sectors that still depend on or take advantage of natural conditions, such as; agriculture, forestry and fisheries have the largest contribution to the Bengkulu Province GRDP, which is 27.57%, then the next sector is the Wholesale and Retail Trade sector; Car and Motorcycle Repair, with an average contribution of 15.82%, and the Government Administration sector with a contribution of 8.88%. Data were analysed using Klassen's typology, by dividing or grouping into 4 (four) quadrants based on business field indicators. The results of the Klassen typology analysis in Bengkulu Province based on business fields show that there is close to equity in each sector, typology in quadrants 1, 3, and 4 consists of 5 business fields, while the typology results in quadrant 2, only consists of 2 business fields (Manufacturing, Public Administration & Defence; Compulsory Social Security).Keywords: Regional Typology; Klassen Typology; Economy; Development.

Smart Practice of Integrating Administrative Management and Human Resources of Chinese Local Governments under the Background of Digital Transformation

Local Chinese governments face a challenge in improving the efficiency and quality of services provided during administrative management in the digital transformation era. The present study identifies three prime drivers for integration—technical, organisational efficiency, and policy support. Finally, it runs the hypotheses through the structural equation model for 133 data points from the questionnaire prepared for the local government administration. Superior integration is primarily contributed to by as discussed, technical support, organisational efficiency, and policy suit will improve effective management and organisational efficiency while reducing the cost and time required for integration; policy support will ensure legal compliance and standardisation. The study also finds that by adopting these factors, local governments can foster efficient and speedy integration of administrative management and human resources. These findings provide practical guidelines for the effective application of digital technology, organisational design, and public policies that promote innovation and sustainable development in public administration. It is necessary to investigate the particular technological approaches and multi-faceted methods for improving organisational performance in various digital contexts.

Penerapan Algoritma C4.5 Untuk Menentukan Kepuasan Pengguna Aplikasi E-Open Study Kasus : Kelurahan Jati Makmur

To support government administration activities in an area, an application called E-Open is needed. The application was created to support the Bekasi City government, one of which is Jatimakmur Village, which is a government agency in Pondok Gede, Bekasi City. The application has been implemented, evaluation of the administration process using the E Open application is required. The aim is to measure, help, test and analyze the level of satisfaction using the E-Open application for Jatimakmur Village residents. Using data mining in data processing to determine the accuracy of each process, accurately converting information so that information is quickly understood and includes collecting, using historical data, patterns or relationships in large data sets. The research population was taken as 150 samples. Quantitative research using the C4.5 algorithm method is used, because it can make predictions by providing an ideal level of accuracy for prediction. Test this research with RapidMiner version 10.1. The results of the processing have a significant effect in determining the classification of the level of citizen satisfaction with the E-Open application. With an accuracy level of 91.33%, while in manual calculations the accuracy was 90.67% for the Satisfied percentage, or also known as the Very Good category. Keywords : Accuracy, C4.5 Algorithm,E-Open

Implementation of the Sipraja Program in Public Administrative Services

General background: Efficient public administration in village governance is key to improving community services. Specific background: The Siwalanpanji Village Government has implemented the Sipraja program, aiming to enhance population administration services. Knowledge gap: Despite the use of Sipraja, challenges remain in budget allocation, communication, and operator motivation, suggesting the need for evaluation to determine its effectiveness. Aims: This study analyzes the implementation of the Sipraja program in Siwalanpanji Village using Edward III’s policy theory framework, focusing on communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. Results: The findings reveal that communication has been effectively facilitated by village officials who guide residents in using the application. Resources are adequate in terms of facilities, and officials can operate Sipraja, though budget sources remain unfulfilled as a motivator for operators. The disposition aspect is positive, with policymakers’ commitment aligning with existing regulations. The bureaucratic structure is relatively efficient, supported by clear standard operating procedures. However, the need for community socialization and consistent financial support is evident. Novelty: This study provides a detailed evaluation of Sipraja's implementation in administrative services, highlighting communication and resource gaps that affect the program's effectiveness. Implications: The study emphasizes the importance of financial support and community socialization for successful digital administration services in village governance. Highlights: Effective communication is crucial for successful digital service implementation in village governance. Resource gaps, including budget constraints, impact the program's operator motivation. Clear standard operating procedures support a more efficient bureaucratic structure. Keywords: Implementation, Sipraja Application, Population Administration, Village Governance, Digital Systems

Comparison of State Administration Management between Egypt and Indonesia

Comparison of state administration is carried out as tips for improving a country towards an effective and efficient form and management of government in bringing the country towards prosperity and progress. The comparative science of state administration has a function as a benchmark in management and problem-solving. Egypt and Indonesia have a variety of unique things to compare and study. This research studies the state administration of Egypt and Indonesia which includes the form of the state, government system, political system, political infrastructure as well as the factors that underlie the creation of state administration such as social factors, moral factors, cultural factors and territorial factors. Differences and similarities were found in the comparisons prepared using this literature study method, such as similarities in the government system which is divided into regions that have their own authority and autonomous powers. There are also similarities in the political system which adheres to the freedom of many parties to participate in becoming candidates for government institutions such as the legislative body and heads of state or regions such as the President. The differences can be seen in the government system, Indonesia uses a presidential government system while Egypt uses a semi-presidential government system.

Community Assistance In Recording Village Road Infrastructure Assets

Golo Tolang Village in NTT Province is a PkM partner because it has problems in administering village road infrastructure, namely limited knowledge and ability of village government administrators to collect data on village road infrastructure assets. This problem resulted in the findings of the 2022 East Manggarai Regency Inspectorate's inspection, where village funds were allocated to assets that did not yet have legal status. This PkM is implemented with the aim of increasing the knowledge and capabilities of village government administrators in terms of data collection on village road infrastructure assets and the availability of data on village road infrastructure assets in Golo Tolang Village as material for proposals to the regent to determine their status as village roads. The method applied in this PkM is socialization and assistance in filling out the format based on Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 1 of 2016, attended by 16 participants. Stage 1 evaluation obtained a score of 75, stage 2 evaluation obtained a score of 93.75, and stage 3 evaluation obtained a score of 100. Finally, a draft of the proposed village road infrastructure assets in Golo Tolang Village was obtained, totaling 41 sections with a total length of 125.03 kilometers to determine its status as a village road in accordance with the provisions of the applicable regulations

Can legislative majorities shape budgets? A comparative analysis of presidential systems in Latin America

AbstractIn separation of powers systems, in theory, legislative and executive branches must concur for policies to be enacted. However, empirical research, especially on Latin American cases, suggests that rather than reaching a compromise, it is common for the executive to make unilateral decisions, leaving the legislature marginalized in the policymaking process. Contrary to this trend, I argue that understanding important policy choices, including the national budget, requires considering the formal powers assigned to the president and the assembly, in interaction with their ideological divergence. Examining 12 presidential democracies for the past 20 years, I investigate the legislative majority's success in determining government expenditures under various policymaking institutions. I identify a number of institutional scenarios where legislative majorities are highly likely to succeed, while in other configurations, their success depends on their ideological divergence from the president.

How to Conserve the Biodiversity on Collective Land in National Park: Conservation Easements in China

Conservation easements (CEs) are used as a conservation mechanism to conserve the biodiversity and ecosystem on private land, and are receiving increasing attention around the world. Most of the literature mainly focused on the contribution of CE to private land conservation in the U.S. and other countries, while its role in collective land conservation remains underreported. China planned to build the world’s largest national parks (NPs) and faced the conflict between nature conservation and social development. As a private and voluntary conservation tool, CEs have the potential to fill the conservation gap, reduce conservation costs, promote adaptive management, and incentivize sustainable national park construction. We reviewed the recent CE practices in Qianjiangyuan, Wuyishan and Nanshan National Parks. The local government and NP administration drove its practices in China’s NPs, whereas non-profit organizations have few opportunities to participate. Furthermore, due to the current legislation’s lack of explicit specifications regarding CEs, the provisions outlined in the CE agreement were insufficiently constructed and did not align with the unique circumstances of the park. Thus, the implementation of the National Park Act serves as a fitting means to introduce the CE in China.

Abuse of Authority Against Judicial Power in Constitutional Court Decision No.90/PUU-XXI/2023

Each law enforcer has its own authority according to what has been regulated in Indonesian laws and regulations. These provisions are stated in the Judicial Power Law No. 48 of 2009 which states that power judiciary according to The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is independent power . However, what has happened in Indonesia recently seems to be diminishing justice and putting aside codes of ethics in the world of law. The facts that occurred in the Constitutional Court decision No. 90 of 2023 regarding the age limit for presidential and vice presidential candidates were considered a decision that violated the code of ethics because there was a conflict of interest. In fact, the decision was built based on less than rational legal reasoning, resulting in a decision that was considered problematic. Based on the background description above, problems arise in the form of how a judge's authority should be in deciding cases in accordance with what is contained in the legislation. Then what are the legal remedies given in the form of sanctions to judges who are proven to be abusing their authority? This research uses a normative juridical approach, namely by looking at the rules and principles applied in the judiciary in Indonesia. The administration of government must be based on the principles of legality, protection, human rights and AUPB, especially in terms of the principle of not abusing power. Article 10 paragraph (1) letter e and the explanation of Law Number 30 of 2014 stipulate the principle of not abusing one's own authority. This basis requires every government agency and official not to exceed, abuse or confuse their authority for personal or other interests.

Participation of City Communities in Paying Land and Building Taxes in the Rural and Urban Sectors (PBB-P2)

Land and Building Tax (PBB) has an important role in supporting the development and administration of local government. However, low community participation can hinder the achievement of the maximum potential of this revenue source. This study aims to analyze the factors that cause the unoptimal participation of urban communities in the payment of Land and Building Tax (PBB) in Kuningan District. This research method uses a qualitative approach with descriptive research type. Data collection techniques were conducted through field studies with interviews, which were supported by data analysis. The research location is in Kuningan Sub-district, Kuningan Regency. The results of this study identified socio-economic, administrative, and psychological factors and found regulatory factors to be the cause of low community participation in PBB payments. This research also provides recommendations regarding efforts that need to be made to optimize the level of urban community participation in PBB payments in Kuningan Sub-district.

Geo-authentic Tibetan medicine: a traditional pharmacological resource for promoting human health and wellness.

Traditional Tibetan medicine (TTM) is an ancient healing system that has been practiced for more than 2,000 years and involves the use of various medicinal plants for preventing and treating acute mountain sickness, depression, asthma, etc. Geo-authentic medicinal materials, also known as "Daodi herbs" in Chinese, have heightened efficacy and quality relative to their counterparts sourced from alternative geographic locales. In 2024, eight medicinal materials, typified by Cordyceps sinensis Sacc., were listed as geo-authentic Tibetan medicine under the administration of the local government. However, there is no comprehensive review on these geo-authentic TTMs, especially with respect to their pharmacological benefits to human health. This review aims to document the pharmacological properties, phytochemical components, safety, toxicity, and future developments of the geo-authentic TTMs that play essential roles in promoting health and wellness. Plant-derived molecules (i.e., polysaccharides, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, and alkaloids) in the TTMs show therapeutic potentials for the management of both mental and physical health. Finally, the applications and prospects of TTM plants are discussed to support the use of these species in folk medicine for human wellness and to promote public health in modern societies.

Urban conflict management, human‐wild animal interactions, local environmental governance and political participation

AbstractLocal authorities today cope with environmental changes. As urbanization advances, the overlap between nature and the world of human beings increases. The resulting new interactions between humans and wild animals have many consequences. The perspectives of public administration and politics regarding this issue remain unexplored. There is limited research on local environmental crises and local environmental governance regarding the interactions between people and animals in the management of urban spaces. Therefore, we conducted a study using the presence of wild boars in Haifa, Israel. It tests the impact of support for the incumbent mayor through the mediated relationship of the harm caused by wild animals and the moderating effect of local governance on local political participation. Our findings may advance current theory to local administration and local environmental governance. On a practical level, policymakers can design effective local environmental governance, and promote behaviors on the part of politicians and residents.