Government Team Research Articles

Enhancing Performance in Construction Project Management Teams

The seminar paper provides a pragmatic perspective of the topic of enhancing performance in construction project management teams. The paper provides a detailed collated review of several key areas pertaining to construction project management teams and their performance based on the findings of previous research. The study has focused on a range of aspects namely, leadership, competence and capabilities, effective communication, decision-making, interpersonal relationships and emotional intelligence, project management and governance approaches, trust, psychological safety, and team culture. Each sub-topic (aspect) has been structured in a manner that includes a brief introduction to the aspect, its importance for construction projects, the current state in construction projects, strategies, and approaches to eliminate the issues and contribute to increase in the team’s overall performance and finally, the novel strategies and tools pertaining to the focus area. The author anticipates that the content provided in this seminar paper shall be beneficial for effective decision making by organizational leadership and for the project leadership and the team to pay more consideration towards the strategies and approaches to enhance the elaborated aspects that are often overlooked in construction projects.

Influence of External Stakeholder Involvement and Risk Perception on Affordable Housing: A Survey on the Implementation of Affordable Housing Project in Anderson-Ofafa Estate, Kisumu City (Kenya)

The significance of stakeholder involvement and risk forecasting in project management has been documented in literature and in studies all over the World. One such study was carried out in Anderson-Ofafa estate, Kisumu City. The main goal of the study was to assess the influence of external stakeholder involvement and risk perception on the implementation of the project. The stakeholders showed resistance to the housing project.The study aimed to establish the risks the project is exposed to based on stakeholder attitude and their influence on project performance, and whether the stakeholders were involved so as to provide solutions to problems bedeviling the project and to generate new knowledge. A survey of general respondents/ intelligent laypersons of age 18 years and above totaling 384 and key informants numbering 16 proportionately sampled from a population of 174,145 people found out that there was a significant correlation between stakeholder involvement, risk perception and project performance. In addition, the study established the occurrence of socio-political,regulatory and financial risk factors which had a perceived high influence of 50% and above, moderate influence of 39% and a very high influence of above 50% respectively.Updated risk register had a perceived high influence of 50% and above. Socio-political risk factors significantly influenced the project performance as was hypothesized by the alternative hypothesis of this study.Financial risk factors had the greatest impact.The stakeholders were involved in the project but were still not satisfied with its implementation.The results are expected to assist the project stakeholders align their goals with that of the project to foster sustainability.The practical or managerial implications is explained as follows- there are documented potential consequences and outcomes of stakeholder actions that have contributed to risk factors that will have extended effect on all stakeholders; including project beneficiaries, project providers, project influencers, and the project governance team. Interventions recommended include; Project sponsors to focus on strategies that manages risk perception and returns expectations, Project manager to reduce project scope, public sector to put measures that guarantee stability in laws and regulations and, the project should be infused into the new affordable housing program by the Kenya Kwanza government to benefit from the new government initiated housing levy fund.

Attitude of Higher Institution Students towards the Use of Family Planning Methods and Cohabitation in Ondo State, Nigeria

This study investigated higher institution students' attitudes toward family planning methods and cohabitation in Ondo State, Nigeria. This study used a descriptive survey research design and a sample of 560 higher institution students selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure from the seven higher institutions in Ondo State, Nigeria. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire with two sub-scales titled ‘Students’ attitudes towards contraceptive use inventory’ and ‘Attitudes towards cohabitation questionnaire’ The data collected were analyzed using frequency count, percentage and correlation analysis. The study results showed a high prevalence of cohabitation among higher institution students in Ondo State with 408 (72.86%) of the 560 respondents engaging in cohabitation. Also, significant relationships existed between attitudes towards the use of family planning methods and cohabitation among higher institution students (r= 0.479, P< 0.05). Based on the findings, it was concluded that a highly prevalent level of cohabitation exists among students of higher institutions and a positive relationship existed between the use of family planning methods and cohabitation among the students. Therefore, it was recommended that the government and management team of each of the higher institutions should provide, within the campus, enough affordable accommodation and rules guiding visitation to opposite-sex hostels.

Improving transparency and quality assurance: Operationalising semi-automated data provenance tracking in a Trusted Research Environment

We present a prototype solution for improving transparency and quality assurance of the data linkage process through a data provenance dashboard designed to assist data analysts, researchers and information governance teams in authenticating and auditing data workflows within a trusted research environment (TRE). Building on prior research (Scheliga, et al., 2022), this work describes our first operationalised prototype tested in a real-world setting. The prototype development involved four stages: (1) Co-design of interfaces with end users for provenance data collection and visualisation, producing a low-fidelity design; (2) Extension and refinement of the Safe Haven Provenance (SHP) ontology (https://tre-provenance.github.io/SHP-ontology/releases/v0.2/index-en.html); (3) Design and implementation of mechanisms for semi-automated collection of data linkage provenance using the SHP ontology; (4) Implementation and user evaluation of the dashboard. A participatory design process with data analysts, researchers and information governance teams resulted in a low-fidelity prototype and was validated via public consultations to ensure it met public trust. The resulting prototype dashboard (https://tre-provenance.github.io/) was built as an offline desktop app to match the deployment TRE requirements. The interactive dashboard displays the data linkage information extracted from a knowledge graph described using the SHP ontology (e.g., modifications of datasets, data release) and results of rule-based validation checks (e.g., checking extracted data against researchers' specification). User evaluations confirmed the dashboard would contribute to better quality of data linkage. This project demonstrates the next stage in advancing transparency and quality assurance within TREs by semi-automating and systematising data tracking from ingress to egress in a single tool.

The Influence of Governance on Cyber Supply Chain Performance with Mediating Effect from Cyber Supply Chain Visibility

This research aims to analyze the influence of governance on Cyber Supply Chain (CSC) Performance, which is mediated by Cyber Supply Chain (CSC) Visibility to achieve effective and efficient cyber supply chain risk management (CSCRM) practices for the supply chain management (SCM) process. The population of this research is all manufacturing companies on the island of Java, Indonesia, that have used computerized systems in their supply chain processes with qualifications or certifications ISO 27001, ISO 28000, ISO 28001, or other certifications that are management information system standards. This research will reveal the strengths or weaknesses of the mediating role of CSC Visibility on CSC Performance in manufacturing companies. This study also found empirical evidence that having a dedicated governance team consisting of technical and non-technical personnel is important in CSCRM in the manufacturing industry, especially Java Island in Indonesia.

Protocol for a randomised controlled unblinded feasibility trial of HD-DRUM: a rhythmic movement training application for cognitive and motor symptoms in people with Huntington’s disease

IntroductionHuntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease causing progressive cognitive and motor decline, largely due to basal ganglia (BG) atrophy. Rhythmic training offers promise as therapy to counteract BG-regulated...

Optimalisasi Peran Kader Pos UKK Demang Jaya Sehat melalui Pemanfaatan Media Penyuluhan Kesehatan Sederhana

A program that has not been implemented at the Demang Jaya Sehat Post of Occupational Health Effort is village-level meetings as an effort to provide solutions to problems obtained when conducting introspective surveys. Currently, cadres are not able to carry out socialization because they have never received training related to socialization media. This service aims to provide simple health socialization media training to UKK Demang Jaya Sehat Post Cadres as a motor in the farmer health program. This service begins with a pretest, then simple socialization media training consisting of concepts, sources, and practices, and ends with a posttest. All 7 cadres were active and enthusiastic in participating in the training held at the Demangan Village Hall as seen from several questions asked. Cadres carry out the practice of searching for information and data using Google with keyword accuracy indicators, as well as accessing the website promkes.kemkes.go.id to download socialization media in the form of videos, short films, posters, brochures, flyers, and leaflets. Cadres are considered proficient in using gadgets. The posttest results showed an increase in cadre understanding scores of 20.75% compared to before. This shows that training activities are effective in increasing the knowledge of Pos UKK cadres so that they are expected to be able to maintain the sustainability of the village safety farming program. The lowest score is in the aspect of validity and accuracy of information, so farmers still need assistance from the community health center and village government team in preparing and conducting counseling.

The Green Paradox in NEV Manufacturing: Regulatory Impacts on Innovation from a Stakeholder Perspective

This paper explores the paradoxical impact of environmental regulations on green innovation in the manufacturing of new energy vehicles (NEVs) from a stakeholder perspective. We address the dual challenge of accelerating green innovation across various diffusion stages and refining environmental regulations for effective stakeholder engagement, including the central government, upstream suppliers, and internal operations teams. First, we utilize Stackelberg game theory to analyze the strategic interaction and behavioral rationale between local governments and NEV manufacturers at different stages of innovation diffusion, represented by specific parameter sets. Second, we examine the roles of four key stakeholders, exploring their unique impact mechanisms and potential to influence the game’s Nash equilibrium. Finally, the game models’ validity and primary conclusions are corroborated with real-world case studies, prominently including the ongoing shift of Chinese automakers towards NEVs. Results demonstrate that: (1) environmental regulations should be calibrated according to the diffusion stages of green innovation, and (2) misaligned stakeholder interests can lead to environmental regulations that inadvertently hinder, rather than promote, NEV manufacturers’ green innovation efforts.

Does the balance matter? The gender within government and municipal indebtedness

PurposeIt was to investigate whether gender diversity – gender balance – within political municipal government teams affected the municipal indebtedness. Government ideology, the gender of the mayor and the wealth of the municipal environment were considered as moderators.Design/methodology/approachWe used GMM estimators on two dynamic models and a sample of 144 Spanish municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants for the period 2013–2022.FindingsGender diversity within government teams reduces the municipal debt. Furthermore, the government right-wing ideology and the female gender of the mayor are robust moderators of the effects of the gender diversity within government teams on institutional indebtedness.Research limitations/implicationsThe differences in financial autonomy and powers to apply public policies by municipalities in the different countries, as well as some differential aspects within the right-wing ideological spectrum, may condition our findings. Within relational demography, gender diversity impacts municipal performance, opening the way to explore other relations in future research.Practical implicationsThe tendency to implement legislation to try to achieve high gender balances within political decision-making bodies generates higher gender diversity, and our research shows that it leads to a better financial performance, a matter of transcendental importance for EU, credit rating agencies, and lenders.Originality/valueThis study provides new knowledge about the effect of gender within political decision-making bodies on municipal budgetary management. It is the first research analysing the impact of gender balance in the strict sense within decision-making bodies on municipal indebtedness.

Does the gender dissimilarity of female mayors with their political government team affect municipalities’ budgets? Evidence from Spain

ABSTRACT Recent research has considered whether the growing presence of women in political institutions has affected public budgets. This study takes a different gender perspective. The aim is to assess how gender dissimilarity between female mayors and their government teams can affect municipal budgetary policies. We use data from Spanish municipalities with more than 20,000 inhabitants in the period from 2004 to 2018, a dynamic regression model and take into account the possible moderating effect of ideology. Our main findings are that gender dissimilarity of female mayors increased current social spending and reduced nonsocial spending in line with female gender preferences, while it decreased tax revenues. However, when we analyze only the years of economic growth, we observe that the gender dissimilarity of female mayors increased tax revenue in accordance with their gender preferences. We also see that the interaction between right-wing ideology and the dissimilarity of female mayors substantially and significantly accentuated the decrease in nonsocial spending. We confirm our findings in different population segments.

Enhancing Clinical Decision Support in Nephrology: Addressing Algorithmic Bias Through Artificial Intelligence Governance

There has been a steady rise in the use of clinical decision support (CDS) tools to guide Nephrology, as well as general clinical care. Through guidance set by federal agencies and concerns raised by clinical investigators, there has been an equal rise in understanding whether such tools exhibit algorithmic bias leading to unfairness. This has spurred the more fundamental question of whether sensitive variables such as race should be included in CDS tools. In order to properly answer this question, it is necessary to understand how algorithmic bias arises. We break down three sources of bias encountered when using electronic health record data to develop CDS tools: (1) use of proxy variables, (2) observability concerns and (3) underlying heterogeneity. We discuss how answering the question of whether to include sensitive variables like race often hinges more on qualitative considerations than on quantitative analysis, dependent on the function that the sensitive variable serves. Based on our experience with our own institution’s CDS governance group, we show how health system-based governance committees play a central role in guiding these difficult and important considerations. Ultimately, our goal is to foster a community practice of model development and governance teams that emphasizes consciousness about sensitive variables and prioritizes equity.

Study on the Problems and Countermeasures in the Process of Party Building Leading Community Governance

Strengthening party building to lead community governance has become a focus of grassroots social governance. Bishan District, Chongqing Municipality, focuses on the micro-unit of residential districts, pilots the work of "Party building leading district governance", and analyzes the problems of Party building leading district governance based on the theory of Party building, the theory of governance, and the theory of civic service.It is found that its governance work still exists that the efficacy of party building leadership has not been brought into full play, the enthusiasm of main body participation is insufficient, there are cognitive differences between owners and property committees, and the participation of community residents is not high, etc. From the aspects of the party building-led governance mode, the governance team's subjective initiative, the misalignment of the community property service enterprises, and the disordered participation of the residents in the community, the party building leadership governance model is examined, and optimization countermeasures are put forward.

Protocol for process evaluation of ARTEMIS cluster randomised controlled trial: an intervention for management of depression and suicide among adolescents living in slums in India

IntroductionThere are around 250 million adolescents (10–19 years) in India. The prevalence of mental health-related morbidity among adolescents in India is approximately 7.3%. Vulnerable subpopulations among adolescents such as those...

Challenges in the maintenance of an open hospital-based cancer registry system in a low-to-middle-income country (LMIC): 2017-2022 experience.

Hospital-based cancer registries (HBCRs) record data on all patients diagnosed and/or treated for cancer at healthcare facilities and evaluate the burden of the disease and the quality of healthcare services at that hospital, helping improve patient care, and providing an assessment of healthcare quality. The CARE PH app was created as a tool to facilitate a system of hospital-based cancer registries in the Philippines, a lower middle-income country. From 2017 to 2022, a total of 60,021 cancer registrants from 44 CARE PH hospitals were entered into the database. Breast cancer was the most common primary site, accounting for 17,660 cases (29.4%). This was followed by colorectal cancer at 11.1%, cervical cancer at 6.2%, head and neck cancer at 5.9%, and prostate and other male genital cancer at 5.1%.Among the 30 data fields collected, 17 exhibited 0-20% missing data, eight displayed 21%-90% missing data, while five depicted 91%-100% missing data. Most of the data fields with missing data are in the treatment and follow-up modules, which are stored in separate forms in a patient's record. Digital transformation of hospitals from paper-based charts to electronic medical records, and the integration of the HBCR to the EMR and hospital information system, will likely be the best solution for these limitations. It is recommended that the creation and maintenance of HBCRs nationwide must be harmonized, and embedded in all relevant national programs and legislations. The development of an information technology process that is based on a cancer patient's journey, should be built on an open system embedded in a well designed enterprise architecture, functioning under the guidance of a strong leadership and governance team. All these must be present in order to create and maintain a robust HBCR that is useful for furthering cancer registry and research in the country.

Educational Implications of Diverse One-Stop Student Community Design

Abstract With the continuous development of higher education, campus management needs to make changes with the times. The one-stop student community is of great significance in enhancing students’ comprehensive ability and meeting their diversified needs. The study designs a one-stop student community that includes a one-stop student service hall, a student dormitory management center, a student mental health education center, and a network information platform. A student community evaluation model was constructed to evaluate and analyze the effectiveness of the student community. Students rated the community culture and environment of the one-stop student community with the highest mean value (3.75) and the quality and scope of community building with the lowest mean value (3.55). The mean value of students’ ratings on the five dimensions was greater than 3.5, and they made positive evaluations on all five dimensions and the one-stop student community has a positive effect on students’ overall competence. The significant p-values of the five dimensions of the one-stop student community, namely, governance goal and orientation, governance personnel and team, governance content and method, governance system and mechanism, and governance significance and effect, are all less than 0.05 in terms of gender, grade, and specialization, which indicates that there is a significant difference in the evaluations of the five dimensions by students with different genders, grades, and specializations.

Developing a Patient-Focused Integrated Data Dictionary and Repository

Ontario Health Teams (OHTs) are a newer model of intersectoral health care in Ontario, Canada designed to provide integrated care across a variety of sectors and organizations to a large attributed population. With the first cohort of OHTs being approved in 2019 and 4 cohorts being approved thereafter, each existing OHT is in a varying degree of maturity. Under the OHT model, community organizations coordinate with OHTs as a unified team to provide integrated and cohesive care with a focus on population health. This type of coordination invites the challenge of organizing and sharing data across organizational partners in a stream-lined way to deliver timely and evidence-based care. Two OHTs addressed this challenge by developing a data dictionary and repository to better integrate data flow and identify gaps in services to better serve all members of the communities.
 Based on the collective insights drawn from two OHTs, we present the results of a population health-based data development initiative. This process began with extensive engagement with partner organizations within each OHT and the collective governance teams, including patient and family advisory members. We then developed frameworks to begin asset mapping for data dictionary indicators to develop an understanding of what the current state was in the OHTs. After the indicator mapping was completed, key indicators that were relevant for the current priorities of the OHT as determined in a collective stakeholder process were identified to develop a dynamic and timely data repository within the OHTs.
 Significant learning has occurred with the development of the data dictionary and repository with the process encountering unexpected needs for education around data literacy and strategies to engage patients and collective governance structures. Because these projects were being engaged simultaneously in two different OHTs that varied by cohort and attributed population demographics, a comparison to identify common and differing enablers and challenges will be undertaken. Next steps once the data dictionary and repositories have been completed will be to evaluate the process and identify educational modules and frameworks that can be developed to promote data development and capacity within the OHTs in order to help them provide evidence-based integrated care to their communities. These resources will enable future collaboration, inform planning and decision-making, and identify existing and potential data gaps within the OHTs. Beyond the OHTs, understanding this process with the resulting frameworks and modules will be applicable across integrated care models of care that desire to build data literacy and capacity and engage in population health.

Directions for rationalisation of the public finance system in the event of the covid-19 crisis

ObjectivesPublic financial management is of the most global and complex nature. At this level, decisions are made that determine everything related to the collection and spending of public funds. However, we must be aware that at this level there are the greatest political entanglements, which are subject to transformation and are inextricably accompanied by changes in government teams and cooperating party coalitions. This causes general recommendations to be formulated on how to manage public funds. Discussions are held in the government or parliament forum focused on finding ways to reduce expenses. Another direction of political debates leads to a turn towards public revenues. This is expressed, for example, by striving to reduce the tax burden. The attention is therefore focused on two sides of the financial economy, i.e. on the processes of collecting and spending public funds.Material and methodsInduction was used as the main research method. It involves drawing general conclusions or establishing regularities based on the analysis of empirically identified phenomena and processes.ResultsMaintaining the stability of public finances may turn out to be one of the greatest challenges of Polish economic policy in the next few years.ConclusionsThe rate of fiscalism in Poland is lower than the average in the EU. Public revenues in Poland are characterized by a high share of social security contributions. The ratio of tax and contribution income to the potential tax base in Poland is relatively low in the case of consumption and comparable to other EU countries in the case of work. Between 2004 and 2014, the share of spending on social transfers in GDP in Poland decreased by 1.8 points. percent. which was the largest decline among all EU countries.

CORRELATION BETWEEN CULTURAL DIMENSIONS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON CONFLICT STYLE PREFERENCES

This paper offers a multifaceted exploration of the intricate interplay between cultural dimensions and preferences in conflict resolution styles. It delves into the profound influence of cultural values on the choices individuals make when managing conflicts, enhancing our understanding of this complex relationship. Defining culture and conflict as central constructs, the paper investigates several key cultural dimensions within Hofstede's framework. It focuses on individualism and collectivism, high and low power distance, and high and low uncertainty avoidance. Few studies cover the research on power distance and conflict style preference, underscoring the importance of understanding how individuals choose styles that align with their cultural norms, whether maintaining low or high power distance within their own cultures.
 The study uncovers the correlation between different cultural types and conflict management styles. In cases of individualism, there is a preference for an avoidance style of conflict management, while collectivist cultures typically lean towards compromising and obliging conflict styles. In situations marked by high power distance, members of high power cultures are more likely to adopt an avoidance conflict style. The research holds significance for managing intercultural conflicts across various contexts, particularly in the realms of global governance, international relations, and multicultural team management. The findings provide a valuable reference for managers striving to navigate intercultural tensions and promote effective conflict resolution strategies aligned with cultural values. While this study offers valuable insights, it highlights the need for further in-depth research on additional cultural dimensions. This paper contributes to understanding the intricate relationship between culture and conflict resolution. It serves as a guide for analyzing preferences in intercultural conflicts, promoting conflict resolution management in multicultural projects, and advancing cross-cultural cooperation and understanding. Continuous research in this field is essential for more effective conflict management in an increasingly diverse global landscape.

Representational Counterbalancing: The Case of Cabinet Ministers and Parliamentary Secretaries in Canada

ABSTRACT This paper argues that when heads of government appoint politicians to government teams, they focus on a particular range of the appointees’ representational attributes and construct selection pools for other team positions with an eye toward counterbalancing the appointees’ salient representational attributes. Previous research has investigated horizontal counterbalancing, which takes place within teams whose members have roughly equal status (e.g., cabinets). This paper suggests that there is additional value to be gained by examining vertical counterbalancing, which occurs when selectors appoint subordinates whose attributes counterbalance those of their superiors. Empirically, the paper spotlights teams of federal cabinet ministers and parliamentary secretaries in Canada from 1963-2021. It demonstrates that prime ministers have used parliamentary secretary appointments to counterbalance—in order—the provincial/territorial, linguistic, gender, and ethnic attributes of the ministers they serve. It shows that caucus characteristics, partisanship, and (to some extent) prime ministers’ personal identities condition their counterbalancing behaviours.

A30Safe Interdepartmental Learning from clinical incidents using a Quality Improvement Framework

Mistakes are an inherent learning opportunity within healthcare that can be used to prevent future loss of lives and reduce suffering. We aim to create a safe learning space within our organization that can be embedded within our quality improvement (QI) process. We have designed a bespoke framework ( Safe Interdepartmental Learning with a Quality Improvement Framework Our tertiary hospital clinical governance team in collaboration with the multi-professional education, simulation, and patient safety departments has identified 5 topics based on the root cause analysis of serious clinical incidents. This description from our recent cohort involves the recruitment of 5 different specialty teams, each consisting of 1 experienced consultant faculty and 3 other facilitating clinicians with different levels of experience in healthcare simulation. The teams prepared and designed the most suitable clinical scenario progression to address the learning objectives based on their allocated topics. Learner and peer feedback along with reflections on the session, highlighted possible change ideas to modify the subsequent scenario running. Over a period of 6 months, different learner sets were involved in the same simulation exercise with 2 further iterative modifications. The 5 teams have generated a total of 15 hours of simulation sessions using standard pre-briefing, debriefing, and evidence-based simulation techniques. The level of independent facilitation and mentoring by more advanced debriefers has been adjusted to fit the individual pace of experiential learning. To further enhance the embedded faculty development a total of 270 minutes of online discussion, reflections, and 15 topics were presented by the facilitators to create a multi-professional learning experience. The content was structured to reflect the national outcome’s framework for faculty development and the ASPIH standards guidance for simulation-based education. The recorded simulation sessions, debriefing, and topic discussions have generated a useful asynchronous online reference for the current and future cohorts. The feasibility of implementing this simulation programme integrated with a QI framework is a major step for our future prospective evaluation of the impact of translational simulation as theorized in the current literature [2] on patient outcomes and healthcare performance indicators. Authors confirm that all relevant ethical standards for research conduct and dissemination have been met. The submitting author confirms that relevant ethical approval was granted, if applicable.