Governance Reform Research Articles

Resource curse and growth challenges in MENA oil exporter countries: A case for governance reforms in the post Arab Spring uprisings context

AbstractIn the theoretical backdrop of the resource curse problems confronting the resource‐rich countries, this paper, primarily examines the impact of oil rents on economic growth and the related resource curse symptoms in Middle East and North Africa (MENA) oil exporter countries. The existence of and too much dependence on natural resources prevents many oil, gas, and mineral‐rich nations from reaping their full growth potential. They are generally less stable economically, more autocratic, and more vulnerable to conflicts than countries without these resources. The paper then critically discusses the role of governance in averting the resource curse problems by adopting oil rents throughout the pre and post Arab Spring revolution during 1996–2019 as an economic tool for diversification. We apply the fixed‐effects model and the pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) estimations, in addition to the generalized estimating equations (GEE). It is found that oil rents have a positive impact on the growth of MENA countries, posing serious resource curse challenges in the emerging context. While diversification through governance plays an important role, oil rents hamper economic diversification leading to rent‐seeking activities. The results of the paper provide important policy implications for oil exporting counties in the MENA region.

Opportunities for Post−COP26 Governance to Facilitate the Deployment of Low−Carbon Energy Infrastructure: An Open Door Policy

Temperatures worldwide continue to climb, while carbon emissions have exceeded previous records. To achieve environmental sustainability, countries with the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement (COP26) demonstrate sophisticated technical expertise and deploy environmentally driven technologies, such as greenfield investment and renewable energy infrastructure. This proposal presents an intriguing opportunity for policymakers to identify the distinct characteristics of institutional reforms and green energy sources that may be used to mitigate carbon emissions. Governance regulatory factors, foreign direct investment (FDI), renewable energy consumption (REC), research and development expenditures, urbanization, and carbon emissions are examined in Pakistan. The study estimated the short- and long-run association between the variables using the ARDL bounds testing method for 1996Q1 to 2020Q4. In the short run, in terms of carbon emissions and economic output, the country has an upturned cord environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). The race-to-the-bottom concept holds for countries with U-shaped EKCs in the long term. The negative correlation between overseas investment and environmental damage supports the environmental halo hypothesis. Investment in research and technology may reduce emissions, even though urbanization increases them. Future and present REC are often intertwined with carbon footprints. Carbon emissions are also strongly connected with indicators of institutional quality (IQ), such as procedural efficiency, administrative effectiveness, and political unrest. The research findings demonstrated unidirectional Granger causality running from urbanization, government effectiveness, economic growth, and R&D expenditures to carbon emissions to validate urban-led emissions, institutional-led emissions, growth-led emissions, and innovation-led emissions in a country. Furthermore, R&D expenditure Granger causality was linked to inbound FDI, while government effectiveness Granger causality was linked to REC and R&D expenditures. Following the COP26 guidelines for achieving shared prosperity, the study concluded that good governance reforms, R&D expenditures, greenfield investment, and REC promote environmental sustainability and maintain air quality.

University governance reforms in Portugal

AbstractThis paper is to analyze the 2007 reform of the higher education system in Portugal (RJIES), which ambitioned fundamental changes in the governance of universities, the option given to higher education institutions (HEIs) to be transformed into public foundations being only one element of the reform. Based on desk research, the key elements of the reform, the process of designing and introducing it and an assessment of its impact are presented. We may conclude that the governance reform has led to more effective management of universities regardless of their legal status, but the new, foundation form has not fulfilled the expectations regarding the more autonomous and flexible operation of the transformed HEIs, due, to a large extent, to the financial restrictions brought about by the global crisis.

The Conflict in Eastern Ukraine and International Support for the Decentralization Reform (2014–2022): Theory-Guided Observations

This article explores Western donors’ support for the decentralization reform in post-Euromaidan Ukraine prior to Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, with a focus on the relationship between decentralization and conflict management. It demonstrates that, despite the protracted conflict in eastern Ukraine, bilateral donors have preferred to address Ukraine’s decentralization from the governance reform perspective, rather than as a form of territorial self-governance (TSG) arrangement, linked to conflict resolution. They have also tended to “outsource” conflict-related support to multilateral organizations. This article explains the Russian Federation’s use of the so-called Donetsk and Luhansk “People’s Republics” as proxies in an international conflict and the contested nature of the role played by the Minsk Protocol in determining the form of support provided for reform. It concludes with insights into the implications of donor support for the decentralization reform in Ukraine for research on decentralization and other TSG solutions in conflict-affected contexts.

Ensuring Budgetary Resources at the Level of Local Communities in the Current Social-Economic Context: Evidence for Romanian Municipalities

This paper aims to examine whether the status of fiscal decentralization generates efficiency in local spending behavior and leads to local fiscal performance and local economic growth, revealing not only the status of Romania from the point of vertical fiscal imbalance but also the fiscal implication of spending decentralization and local government effectiveness. The methodological background includes qualitative sequential methodology, involving empiric analysis that provides coherence and viability for our study, but also quantitative methods, including Ordinary Least Squares regression (OLS). The empirical results show that fiscal decentralization determines more responsible and efficient local spending, enhancing local performance and contributing to economic growth. Furthermore, the analysis provides evidence on the importance of local fiscal consolidation and gives an overview in terms of spending responsibilities between the central government and local government. The paper contributes to the literature that studies fiscal imbalance, as well as the fiscal implications of decentralized spending and the effectiveness of local governments in driving economic growth. It also contributes to the literature that studies the relationship between fiscal decentralization and local economic growth, as well as the effectiveness of government reforms and strategies.

Higher education policy in practice: digitalization and the governance reform in an Italian university (1988-2021)

ABSTRACT Academic research has extensively inspected the changing modes of governance in higher education systems through systemic and comparative research. This article aims to investigate these processes from a different perspective and vantage point. In particular, the translation of (trans)national instances into local micro-policy and practice is examined by historicising the social construction of digitalisation as a policy field in an Italian university over three decades (1988–2021). The emergence of knowledge and power arrangements across the complex entanglement of broader cultural history and local microhistory is thus examined. A hybrid configuration emerges in the observed university that features aspects from both its legacy bureaucratic mode of governance and the entrepreneurial paradigm. These institutional dynamics are consistent with wider systemic patterns in Italian higher education. The divergence between planned policy change and experienced realities is thus confirmed.

Financial reform and haze pollution: A quasi-natural experiment of the financial reform pilot zones in China

Financial reform becomes a new tool for environmental governance because it can indirectly affect the environment by promoting economic and financial agglomeration and technological innovation. Despite China's aggressive financial reform pilot (FRP) policy since 2012, little is known about whether and how such policy affects haze pollution (HP). We exploit geographic and temporal variations in China's FRP policy and compile a dataset covering 284 cities over the period from 2003 to 2019. Employing a difference-in-differences (DID) approach, we document that China's FRP policy has a negative causal effect on HP in the pilot cities. The estimates obtained from an instrumental variable constructed by religious temples also support the haze-abatement effect of such policy. This effect is largely driven by advances in technological innovation and increases in economic agglomeration, while financial agglomeration is proven to have little effect. Finally, our estimate is particularly pronounced in cities with high levels of economic development, financial development and technological innovation, and that in large-sized and non-mineral resourced cities. Overall, our findings shed light on the importance of financial reform in environmental governance in a developing country.

Gender Mapping in Higher Education Systems: A Case in Indonesia

Gender mainstreaming has a very influential foundation in the education sector and controls the quality of development in various regions in Indonesia and other areas. The development of education in the institutional sector in several regions in Indonesia faced various problems, such as (a) the need for mapping opportunities on a policy scale and expanding access; for all genders, (b) The effect of education and quality improvement, very relevant, with competitiveness there is a development and being able to improve the Indonesian economy; (c) improving the quality of higher education to be able to improve the performance of national education also requires a comprehensive reform that has started with the policy of decentralization and educational autonomy as part of the political reform of government. Research objectives a. identify the mapping of gender mainstreaming-based education policies at Malikusaleh University b. reviewing the quality of Gender mainstreaming-based education at Malikusaleh University, and c. improving the quality of Gender mainstreaming education towards higher education transformation & institutions. This study uses a qualitative method. Qualitative methods produce descriptive data. The study results are Gender mainstreaming is an organized strategy in institutions, both internally and externally, based on institutional transformation and influencing organizational culture. The results of this research have changed and given birth to various policies within Malikusaleh University. Education is responsive to the current globalization cycle, including policy requirements, especially for women—advances in science and technology. Gender mainstreaming has produced a new civilization both as a process and an institution. Study findings/gender equality as a common goal can improve the quality of education gradually and have competitiveness both in the territory of Indonesia and in foreign countries.

The impact of justified corporate governance changes against exchange rate exposure in North Cyprus

AbstractThis study seeks to use the legally required governance reforms of the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act of 2002, the Financial Reporting Council 2012–2018 and the EU COM 2012–2014 to investigate the relationship between corporate governance performance, exchange rate exposure and hedging by using two governance indexes based on a more comprehensive model previously constructed. The paper is one of the first to adopt the measures that state the importance of internal (corporate culture) and external (corporate legality) governance qualities that help prevent exchange rate exposure and improve trade and hedging. The examination is conducted by using the ARCH and ARMA models as well as a two‐factor and a multiple‐factor model to capture the variations that significantly account for variations in the exchange rate exposure, net trade, and stock market returns. Empirical results revealed that an improvement in corporate governance indexes is associated with a greater reduction in exchange rate exposure, an increase in net trade, and more hedging at the firm level. In addition, adoption of the corporate legality measures has a greater impact on exchange rate exposure and hedging than corporate culture measures.

РЕФОРМЫ АДМИНИСТРАТИВНОЙ И ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ СЛУЖБЫ В РОССИИ: ПОСЛЕДНИЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ В ПЕРИОД ТУРБУЛЕНТНОСТИ

The article examines the changes in governance that have taken place in Russia since 2019, with a particular focus on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (which persisted until early 2022) and the ongoing military operation in Ukraine (which began in February 2022). The article discusses the specific characteristics of the reform efforts during these two distinct phases. Among the reforms of governance in Russia in this period, two central interrelated reforms, the reform of the civil service, and administrative reform are analyzed. The agenda of changes and their main directions have been studied for each of the reforms. It is argued that the main focus of the reforms is on the change of planning, the formation of integrated services, the digitalization of public service and services, the change in the regulatory climate, the "top-down" evaluation of the effectiveness of the apparatus, the development of flexible schemes of initiative budgeting. There is a change also in the orientation of education in the field of public administration. The transition from COVID -19 to the sanction period of the reforms is characterized primarily by changes in the motivation of the apparatus, an emphasis on the security of managerial decision-making and the protection of electronic communications, a predominant increase in wages for the military and law enforcement services, a smooth departure from the stages of the Bologna education system ( Master's and Bachelor's degrees).

Uloga države u posebnim okolnostima

The role of state administration and its public institutions in certain circumstances represents one of the most significant issues in the last twenty years following the serious security crisis caused by terrorist attacks in New York on 11 September 2001. The accent of public administration reforms was on efficiency and effectiveness of public institutions. Reforms were divided into deregulation and liberalization of public services, territorial decentralization, and regionalization with the strengthening of local government institutions and reform of central government administration. After the security crisis in 2001, financial crisis in 2008 and health crisis in 2020, the role of state institutions and public authorities in governing the state was redefined. The leading motives of general liberalization of public services, deregulation, and various forms of decentralization of public institutions abounded due to the new doctrinal approach of governmental organization. New strengthening of public authorities and public institutions became the new mainstream in the organization and functioning of the state. This paper analyzes how the role of the state can be modified due to the dynamics of social, political, and economic changes in society. New governmental reforms are contrary to earlier political and administrative measures, which include the strengthening of public institutions and concentration of public authorities. The government takes on a regulatory function in many aspects of social, political, and economic life. This situation leads to a new organization of the state, where public authorities take on a significant part of the responsibility to regulate various aspects of economic and social activities. At the focus of this paper will be how the dynamics of specific circumstances in society can affect the developing processes of the state and their public institutions. Those processes have economic, social, and political dimensions. The economic dimension includes regulatory measures on the market which contributes to development of the framework for economic development. The social dimension includes measures of social policy focused on improving the social position of citizens according to the economic development of society. The political dimension includes various aspects of security policy, with various protective measures in the community, which depends on the type of treatment for security of citizens.

Why Did Ukraine’s Economy Fail after the Collapse of the Soviet Union?

Ukraine, a nation in Eastern Europe, has recently become world-famous. Being the second largest Soviet-bloc country, Ukraine has inherited huge amounts of Soviet legacy, including industries and militaries. Adding to its natural geographical advantages, most scholars at that time projected that Ukraine’s economic take-off would be inevitable. However, the truth unexpectedly disobeyed the predictions: Ukraine became the slowest developing state among not only the former Soviet members but the global nations. To unfold the confusion, the paper is going to research Ukraine’s economy after 1991 to find the basic reasons. It aims to parse the main causes of Ukraine’s economic failure from three perspectives: its industrial structure, governmental reforms, and remaining domestic ethnic problems, and gradually spread out to construct the whole knowledge framework. The interplay between factors is also proposed to build the frame. The combination of quantized data and quantitative reasoning will provide better persuasions, helping readers intuitively understand the logic behind the phenomenon. The possible solutions are plus interspersed with the text, providing a wake-up call for else governments to avoid repeating the same mistakes.

Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Hopes of European Union Accession: A Safeguard against the Country’s Implosion?

The prospect of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s accession to the European Union encapsulates a pivotal chapter in the nation’s trajectory. As the country navigates the intricate path toward EU membership, it faces a myriad of challenges and opportunities that extend beyond mere geopolitical realignment. This journey involves addressing complex issues such as political stability, governance reforms, rule of law and economic development. The significance of this process lies not only in its potential to reshape Bosnia and Herzegovina’s political and economic landscape but also in the broader implications for regional stability and the consolidation of European values in the Western Balkans. In this context, the journey towards EU accession for Bosnia and Herzegovina is a multifaceted endeavour, reflecting both the aspirations and complexities inherent in the pursuit of a European future.

Abstract C031: Impact of pesticide exposure in West African Black men within the United States, Cameroon, and Nigeria

Abstract Background: Prostate cancer (CaP) significantly affects black men causing higher mortality rates especially within African and Caribbean countries. The Prostate Cancer Transatlantic Consortium (CaPTC) is a 10 year longitudinal study aimed at studying environmental, epidemiological and prostate cancer associated risk factors within black men of West African descent living in the United States (US), Cameroon, and Nigeria. Methods: Men ages 35- 70 years old, who identified as a US Black male or West African Black male immigrant in the US, were recruited from community-based organizations. Community- based organizations include local churches, health fairs and social organizations. Anthropometric, environmental, and epidemiological variables measures were collected via survey questions. Saliva samples were collected using Salimetrics. Mean and range from the survey questions were categorized and a logistical regression model was used to determine associations between variables. Results: Logistical analysis output for analysis of pesticide exposure and cancer diagnosis within the three countries, found participants in Nigeria who were exposed to pesticide use, to be a significant predictor of cancer diagnosis (p 0.013). The age of exposure was another variable analyzed to see whether there was a correlation between age of exposure in pesticide use and cancer diagnosis. No significant predictors were determined yet a reasoning to why a significance is not yet found could be due to many participants needing a closer examination into the consequences of early exposure to known carcinogens. Conclusion: Significant data was found between pesticide exposure and cancer diagnosis between the US, Cameroon, and Nigeria in West African Black men. Regarding age of pesticide exposure and the relation between cancer diagnosis, more data needs to be collected regarding these variables. Significance in determining pesticide use as a predictor for cancer diagnosis in black males, can lead to increased efforts in pesticide exposure education in addition to possible government reformation on laws regarding pesticide use. Citation Format: Emelina Asto-Flores, Jennifer Crook, Parisa Fathi, Folakemi Odedina. Impact of pesticide exposure in West African Black men within the United States, Cameroon, and Nigeria [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr C031.

Parallel opioid crises: brakes on sustainable development?

This Review perspective analyzes the parallel 'opioid crises' - one of access, the other of excess - affecting different demographic groups in distinct regions of the world, in terms of a knowledge gap between the founding 20th-century regulatory frameworks around 'drugs', including opioids, and evolving 21st-century clinical developments in public health, palliative care, addiction medicine, and regulatory sciences. Identifying the parallel crises as such is a positive step that can enable governance and science to catch up to one another and realign. As it is now, the opioid crises are acting as brakes on development as defined by the United Nations (UN) 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs). Both crises affect UN member states' ability to reach the Goal 3 'Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages' of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Among the nine targets for Goal 3, the two opioid crises affect progress toward Target 3.5, on strengthening the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse, and Target 3.8, providing Universal Health Coverage (UHC), and adequate access to essential medicines. The parallel opioid crises, which both represent misalignment between anachronistic governance structures and epistemic developments, have several things in common beyond the opioid molecules themselves: regulatory and health system deficits that interact pathologically with baked in cultural stigma around psychoactive substances, stigma evident in the designation of these substances in international law as 'narcotic drugs'. Community regeneration, educational development, and governance reforms can now replace politicized rather than evidence-based and public health-promoting drug policies that block progress toward both SDG 3 targets in different countries for different reasons. Quantification of serious health-related suffering (SHS) pertaining to a range of health conditions and demographic groups now provides the epidemiological evidence to legitimate such a timely paradigm shift.

ПРАВОВЫЕ ОСНОВЫ РЕФОРМЫ МЕСТНОГО САМОУПРАВЛЕНИЯ В МОЛДОВЕ (1994-2023 ГГ.)

The article analyzes the legal foundations of the local government reform in Moldova since 1994 up to the present time. The author states that positive and negative experience of Moldova in the field of municipal governing reform deserves special attention of scientific community, as the reform is implemented amidst the unsolved territorial and political issues and realization of the course for Euro-integration. The article consecutively considers the main landmarks in the process of building the Moldovan statehood, and assesses the activities of superior authorities in the context of the municipal reform. It is pointed out that immediately after gaining independence, the highest power structures proclaimed a pro-Western course of further development, the essence of which was an active striving for membership in the European Union. It is noted that while carrying out reforms, including construction of the new local self-government system, European models and standards of development were used, including at the legislative level, but the process of effective introducing such models and standards was hindered by the specifics of post-Soviet political and economic development of Moldova. The influence of the “ Romanianization” of the country on reforms is studied particularly. The author concludes by stating, that the desire of national political elite to retain power and financial resources in their hands had a eminently negative impact on the formation of post-Soviet local self-government system in Moldova and points out that the development of local self-government system is still considered by Moldovan authorities not as one of the tools of modernization of national governance system, but as a burden, a liability, necessary for accession to the European Union.

INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF DIGITALIZATION IN THE TAX FIELD

The relevance of the research topic is that the modern world is undergoing major changes that have not been seen in centuries, and digital technologies are an important factor in this regard. Technologies such as the Internet, big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and blockchain are accelerating innovation and are increasingly integrated into all areas of economic development. Taxation plays a fundamental, supportive and guaranteeing role in national governance, and tax work is deeply integrated into all aspects of the economy and society. To adapt to the new wave of the technological revolution, promoting digital transformation has become a major trend in international taxation. The purpose of the article is to study the theoretical and practical aspects of the international experience of digitalization in the tax area as an implementation of a new model of digital modernization. The object of the study is digitalization in the tax sphere as a complex social and economic phenomenon and process. The subject of the study is the international experience of digitalization in the tax sphere as the implementation of a new model of digital modernization. Methodology of the study includes methods of systematic analysis and synthesis, institutional, cross-cultural analysis, general philosophical methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization, comparative, historical and logical. Results of the study: 1. Digitalization in the tax sphere as a complex social and economic phenomenon and process is studied. 2. The impact of the digital economy on international taxation rules is determined. 3. The deepening of tax collection and governance reform as the implementation of a new concept of digitalization development are determined. 4. The content of the concept of transformation of the tax system as a driving force of the digital economy is formulated. 5. The conditions for the formation of a model of modern management of tax legislation in highly developed countries as a standard of digital progress are identified. 6. The analysis of trends in corporate taxation is carried out. 7. The essence of the digital tax as a factor in the effectiveness of tax system reform in the digital economy is revealed. The scientific novelty and practical significance of the study is that for the first time a large amount of information on international experience of digitalization in the tax sphere as the implementation of a new model of digital modernization is summarized.

Public health equity in information asymmetry – phenomenological studies upon SARS-CoV-2 supervirus mutation

In the context of SARS-CoV-2 crises, the phenomenological studies analyze the market phenomenon of People’s Republic of China (PRC) in public health. With PRC’s diplomatic behaviors around the national, international, and global public health crises, the phenomenological occurrence was further questioned into on accounts of genetic engineering, PRC’s top-down behaviors, and financial and non-financial incentives in public health inequality with its declared universal healthcare coverage. The phenomenological studies further the evidence chains on the PRC governmental bodies’ purposeful and intentional crimes against humanity, with the public health system they designed to hide criminal evidences in the clinical evidence chains. Albeit it is paramount for the medical professionals to prepare for a certain but unforeseeable surge of biomedical intrusion, the phenomenological studies call for military interventions on the humanitarian catastrophe that have twice in three years caused unnecessary sufferings regionally and globally. Without it, the world can only wait to detect Chinese passengers’ carriers instead of obtaining firsthand data, potentially leading to more deaths and mutation risks. Only peace-building and government reformation on democratic basis in the region can solve the humanitarian crisis once and for all. No scientific evidence establish the virological homogeneity between SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and the politicization of the HIV-1 homogeneous virus underlies the 2002 - 2003 outbreak that caught international attention. The long-term PRC derogation on the global institutional determinants of health has led to the global mandates of poisoning by “vaccination”. The viral RNA origin is inferred to mutational result of PRC’s nuclear weapon tests.

Subjects to freedom: The entanglements of desire in Upland Indonesia

AbstractThis article draws on fieldwork in upland Indonesia to explore how discursive genres mediate political and affective transformations. Since the millennium, IMF‐driven governance reforms have disseminated novel ideals of transparent accountability, representative democracy, and individual entrepreneurialism, which at once presuppose and generate a market‐oriented subject endowed with the freedom to express desires and choose among multiple options. Transnational discursive genres play a key role in these transformations by foregrounding a consumerist notion of desire as a site of emancipatory imagining. These discursive technologies are, however, only partially successful. By describing their partial uptake I discuss the predicaments posed by the ethnographic scrutiny of reformist rationalities emerging in post‐authoritarian contexts. Indeed, while the emancipatory promise of democratic reforms irradiating from transnational lending agencies undermines entrenched social hierarchies, the emphasis on individual aspirations may also conceal new forms of subjection to capitalist valorization, whereby individuals are turned into bundles of measurable desires.

ГОРОДСКОЙ ГОЛОВА: РЕТРОСПЕКТИВА В КОНТЕКСТЕ СЕМЕЙНОЙ ПЕРЕПИСКИРЕЦЕНЗИЯ НА КНИГУ: МАРГАРИТА АГЕЕВА. УФИМСКИЙ ГОРОДСКОЙ ГОЛОВА АЛЕКСАНДР МАЛЛЕЕВ:ИСТОРИЯ В ПИСЬМАХ. УФА: ИНФОРМРЕКЛАМА, 2020. 448С.: ИЛ.

The new book by Margarita V. Ageeva presents the family correspondence of the Ufa mayor A.A. Malleev and studies his biography. The epistolary finding and the specific historical context of the story introduce different aspects of the history of urban administration and the everyday life of the provincial nobility in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The book has become an original contribution to regional historiography, and its author has revised some of the conclusions of his predecessors, based on a metahistorical narrative. Information about the origin and genealogical relations of the family surname sheds light on the formation of the official elite in the eastern provinces as a result of the industrial development of the region in the 18th century and the reforms of local government and the court system in the post-reform period. The epistolary material recreates a portrait of personal qualities of the modernizers and testifies to the formation of new personnel in the provinces – the carriers of a genuine democratic culture. The author analyzes the influence of ethical views of officials on managerial decision-making as a central problem poorly developed in institutional history. The author traced it on the example of the events of the 1905 revolutionary crisis in Ufa. The discourse of private correspondence contains a lot of valuable evidence on the family life of the Malleevs, their religious identity and methods of raising children, on cultural and everyday life of the urban elite of a provincial town. The style and spelling of the letters, as well as the turns of phrase and the accepted spelling of certain words at that time, have remained unchanged, which increases the value of the source. The literal capture of the smallest details of everyday history make the book a practical tool for museum workers, fashion historians and other professionals.