Government Policy Research Articles

The Impact of Green Innovation on the Carbon Performance of Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises: Moderating Role of Internal Governance

With the increasing problems of global warming, ecological damage, and excessive consumption of resources, a greater number of countries are focusing on corporate carbon performance and carbon emissions. Enterprises can save energy and reduce emissions through green innovation, which will improve the efficiency of carbon use and contribute to higher levels of corporate carbon performance. Meanwhile, effective corporate governance can improve enterprise performance, while internal governance systems can affect enterprise carbon performance. This study aims to reveal how the green innovation affect carbon performance of enterprises and the role of internal governance. So this study utilizes the data of China's A-share listed manufacturing companies from 2010- 2020 to examine the impact of green innovation on corporate carbon performance through a fixed-effects model, and to examine the impact of corporate internal governance structure on green innovation and carbon performance through a moderating-effects model. The data used in this study are mainly from China Securities Market and Accounting Research Database (CSMAR) and China Research Data Service Platform (CNRDS), and the robustness test is conducted by replacing the independent variables using the 2sls method. The findings indicate that green innovation has a significant contribution to enterprise performance on carbon. Ownership concentration and executive political connections negatively moderated the relationship between green innovation and carbon performance. Director compensation positively moderates the relationship between green innovation and carbon performance. This research provides a theoretical groundwork for future studies on green innovation and carbon performance, and its findings are instructive for both the introduction of government policies and the restructuring of internal corporate governance.

Does Mobile Payment Foster Low-Carbon Lifestyles? Evidence from Alipay's “Collecting Five Blessings” Campaign

The widespread use of digital technology has driven a huge change in the way payments are made. Based on the micro-data of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this paper explores the relationship between mobile payment and carbon emissions from the consumption side. With the exogenous impact of Alipay's "Collecting Five Blessings" campaign, this paper finds that mobile payments significantly increase household consumption carbon emissions. The research indicates that as household consumption carbon emissions increase, the influence of mobile payments gradually diminishes. Further analysis revealed that the expansion of consumption scale and consumption structure upgrades are the main reasons for the increase in carbon emissions due to mobile payments. There are differences in carbon emission growth among different household groups, especially in areas with high penetration of mobile payments, rural areas, and households with a higher proportion of hedonic consumption, where carbon emission growth is more significant. Conversely, highly educated and younger households are more likely to adapt to low-carbon lifestyles, thus the impact of mobile payments on their carbon emission growth is not significant. However, it is regrettable that current government policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions have not effectively mitigated the increase in household carbon emissions caused by mobile payments.

Clean energy synergy with electric vehicles: Insights into carbon footprint

This study empirically examines the impact of Electric Vehicles (EVs) and clean energy adoption on carbon footprints. With growing concerns over climate change and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the transition to electric vehicles and clean energy sources has gained significant attention as potential solutions. This research investigates the relationship between the adoption of EVs and clean energy technologies and their subsequent effect on carbon footprints. The study applied the Generalised Method Moments (GMM) on the data sourced from the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the World Development Indicators (WDI) for the period 2011–2021 covering 27 countries. The findings reveal a strong correlation between the adoption of EVs and reductions in carbon footprints. It shows that a 1 % increase in renewable electricity output would result in a 0.5 % decline in carbon footprints. This implies that, as EV sales increase, the overall carbon emissions from the transportation sector decrease, primarily due to the lower emissions associated with electric vehicles compared to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles. Additionally, the study finds that the integration of clean energy sources into the electricity grid further contributes to carbon footprint reductions. The use of renewable energy in charging EVs minimizes the indirect emissions associated with electricity generation. The research concludes that the widespread adoption of EVs and clean energy sources has the potential to significantly reduce carbon footprints and mitigate the impact of climate change. However, it emphasizes the importance of continued technological advancements, increased availability of charging infrastructure, and supportive government policies to accelerate the transition towards a low-carbon transportation and energy system. Therefore, the study highlights the need for collaborative efforts among governments, industry stakeholders, and individuals to foster sustainable practices and achieve a more environmentally friendly future.

Effectiveness of policies for electric commercial vehicle adoption and emission reduction in the logistics industry

Electric commercial vehicles (ECVs) offer a promising solution to reduce carbon emissions, but barriers like high purchase costs, limited range, long charging times, and battery degradation hinder their adoption. This research develops a mathematical model to explore the impact of government policies, specifically carbon tax policy and the cap-and-trade mechanism, with or without purchase subsidy, on the mixed fleet configuration of electric and internal combustion commercial vehicles. Through a comparative analysis based on a real case in Shenzhen, this research provides insights into the impact of policies on ECV adoption and emission reduction. The findings indicate that higher tax rates and carbon prices effectively promote ECV adoption, while the carbon emission quota does not. When choosing policies, the government should consider its situation and objectives. Combining cap-and-trade mechanisms with purchase subsidies is the most effective for ECV adoption and emission reduction, assuming financially feasible. Alternatively, implementing a carbon tax policy without purchase subsidy is more practical. The cap-and-trade mechanism in the long term supports the phase-out of purchase subsidies and contributes to sustainable economic and environmental development. What's more, the findings provide guides for the government to determine an appropriate industry regulator factor when allocating quotas for the logistics industry.

Innovative Strategy for the Application of Discretion in Government Policy in Indonesia: An Analysis

The objective of this study is to recognise the following: discretion as a kind of innovation in government policy application; discretionary criteria as an innovation in government policy carrying the benefit principle; and discretionary models as an innovation in government policy seen to be ideal. This study used a statutory approach in conjunction with a normative legal strategy. The discussion's conclusions demonstrate that, in order to encourage official innovation, discretionary regulation—a kind of government policy innovation—must be implemented. This phase entails rejecting a passivity in the realisation of innovation and pursuing harmony between innovation and legislation. Four factors are taken into consideration while evaluating discretion as a novel government policy: power, constraints, testing, and judicial oversight. The welfare state's core principles must serve as the foundation for the discretionary model that is seen to be best for developing innovative policies that accomplish bureaucratic transformation. Discretionary policies should also encourage collaboration between authorities and adhere to Pancasila's tenets. Moreover, discretionary policies must abide with the fundamentals of good governance (AUPB).

An empirical study on technology readiness level of industries to use green hydrogen in India: role of policy interventions

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the determinants influencing industrial adoption of green hydrogen amidst the global transition towards sustainability. Recognizing green hydrogen as a pivotal clean energy alternative for industrial applications is critical for understanding its potential integration into sustainable practices. Design/methodology/approach This research examines the impact of factors such as innovativeness, perceived ease of use, user comfort, optimism and governmental policies on the industrial intention towards green hydrogen usage. Using responses from 227 Indian industry professionals and conducting analysis via the SmartPLS software, the study reveals a discernible discomfort among industrial workers pertaining to the daily application of green hydrogen. Findings The research presents an array of policy recommendations for stakeholders. Emphasized strategies include the introduction of green hydrogen certificates, sustainable public procurement mechanisms, tax incentives, green labelling protocols and the establishment of a dedicated hydrogen skill development council, all of which can significantly influence the trajectory of green hydrogen adoption within the industrial sector. Originality/value This research synthesizes various elements, from industry perception and challenges to policy implications, presenting a holistic view of green hydrogen’s potential role in industry decarbonization and SDG realization. In essence, this study deepens not only the empirical understanding but also pioneers fresh theoretical frameworks, setting a precedent for subsequent academic endeavours.

Examining the Necessity and Significance of Implementing Cross-Cultural Management Practice in Shanghai, China

The core focus of cross-cultural management lies in examining how individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds collaborate within organizational settings. The primary aim of research in cross-cultural management is to tackle various issues concerning organizational behavior, such as leadership approaches, methods of motivation, organizational frameworks, and the intricate dynamics of culture, drawing insights from fields like sociology and anthropology. This particular study endeavors to evaluate the significance of integrating cross-cultural management methodologies within Yixin Energy Technology Co. situated in Shanghai, China. Employing a quantitative methodology, 158 responses were garnered through the random distribution of questionnaires. Statistical analysis was conducted utilizing SPSS, encompassing descriptive analyses, variance assessments, and multiregression examinations to decipher the collected data. The findings indicate that the three principal factors investigated in this study collectively account for roughly 38.1% of the variance observed in cross-cultural management within multinational corporations. Specifically, social culture influences cross-cultural management by 23.3%, governmental policies by 35.0%, management approaches by 21.8%, and overall cross-cultural management by 28.7%. These results furnish statistical validation endorsing the imperative nature of cross-cultural practices, a recognition embraced by Yixin Energy Technology Co. in Shanghai, China. It is advised that businesses formulate diverse cross-cultural training programs tailored to the distinct needs of expatriates at various levels to effectively enhance their cross-cultural competencies.

Digital Trans-Pacific Silk Road and Phases of China-Latin American Connectivity: From Silver to AI

In this paper, we aim to document and analyze the long arc of connectivity between China and Latin America. First, using analytical international trade and economic tools, we provide a new economic perspective of the First Globalization–-the Ming and early Qing China’s economic and business links with Latin America and Europe. Second, due to U.S. government trade policies toward China in the 1990s, the Second China’s Globalization was ushered in with its entry to the World Trade Organization (WTO). During this second phase, China exchanged manufactured goods with minerals and resources from Latin America. Finally, the tough technology and trade stance by the Trump and Biden Administrations prompted China to intensify the third phase of China interaction with Latin America. For the 2020s and beyond, one important pillar of the Third China-Latin America-Europe Globalization is heightened efforts for China to increase its digital-AI, telecommunication and platform business presence and access into the Latin American markets. To enrich our analysis, we will provide Chinese-style digital-AI business and economic models to help illustrate our discussions. Throughout our paper, we want to point out that government policies were instrumental in bringing forth these Three Globalizations that involve China-Latin America-Europe.

Rohingya Refugees: A Study of Indonesian Government Policies

The Rohingya refugee crisis is a complex and pressing humanitarian issue in the Southeast Asia region. Conflict in Myanmar has forced thousands of Rohingya to flee seeking protection in neighboring countries. This research aims to evaluate the Indonesian government's policy in handling the Rohingya refugee crisis and provide recommendations for future policy improvements. The research method used is a qualitative approach with descriptive and comparative analysis. The analysis results indicate that Indonesia's policy towards Rohingya refugee flows reflects a commitment to humanitarian principles and national security. However, evaluating the implemented policies is necessary to understand their effectiveness. The implications of the Rohingya refugee flow for Indonesia's national security include risks of regional and global instability as well as threats to the security of individuals and groups. Indonesia's strategies for preventing and mitigating the impact of Rohingya refugees involve strengthening border surveillance, regional cooperation, refugee status organization, and social integration. Recommendations from this research include improving coordination between agencies, enhancing government capacity in managing refugee crises, and increasing protection and assistance to Rohingya refugees. This research is expected to contribute to understanding Indonesia's government policies towards the Rohingya refugee crisis and provide recommendations to enhance policy effectiveness.

Impact of financial markets on clean energy investment: A comparative analysis of the United States and Nigeria

This comparative analysis explores the impact of financial markets on clean energy investment in two distinct contexts: the United States and Nigeria. As the world increasingly seeks sustainable energy solutions to combat climate change, understanding the dynamics of financial markets and their influence on clean energy investment becomes crucial. Through a comparative lens, this study examines the differences and similarities in the financial landscapes of these two countries and evaluates how these factors shape investment patterns in clean energy. The United States represents a developed economy with well-established financial markets and robust investment infrastructure, while Nigeria serves as a case study of an emerging market grappling with developmental challenges and evolving financial systems. By analyzing data on investment flows, regulatory frameworks, and market conditions, this study aims to provide insights into the role of financial markets in driving or hindering clean energy investment. Factors such as access to capital, government policies, risk perception, and investor preferences will be examined to understand their impact on investment decisions in the clean energy sector. Additionally, the study will explore the role of international financing mechanisms and the influence of global trends on clean energy investment in both countries. By comparing the experiences of the United States and Nigeria, this research seeks to identify best practices and lessons learned that can inform policies aimed at promoting clean energy investment in diverse economic contexts. Ultimately, the findings of this study aim to contribute to the development of strategies that enhance the role of financial markets in accelerating the transition towards a sustainable energy future, while addressing the unique challenges and opportunities faced by different countries in this endeavor.

Redefining Religious Moderation Education for Urban Muslim Youth

Religious moderation has been a government policy since 2015, aimed at countering radicalism and extremism. However, the hierarchical implementation of the program has led to the labeling of "moderate" and "conservative", and the policy's understanding remains unclear among the community, especially the middle class and youth. Despite the government's campaign, intolerance persists. This research aims to review the religious moderation policy and explore how urban Muslim youths could contribute to religious moderation education. The method involves in-depth interviews with urban Muslim youths in Manado and Semarang and critical analysis of relevant documents. The findings suggest that urban Muslim youths prioritize religious moderation through intensive dialogue and gatherings. Current educational practices should incorporate these informal approaches to be more effective. The inclusion of urban Muslim youths in religious moderation education appears to be a promising way to encourage religious moderation in Indonesia. This highlights the need for religious moderation implementation to be responsive to public aspirations.    

The role of policy and regulation in promoting green buildings

Green buildings play a crucial role in sustainable development by reducing energy consumption, minimizing environmental impact, and enhancing occupant health and well-being. This review explores the role of policy and regulation in promoting green buildings, highlighting the importance of government intervention in driving sustainable building practices. Government policies and regulations play a pivotal role in shaping the adoption of green building practices. Through a combination of mandates, incentives, and standards, governments can encourage the construction and renovation of buildings that prioritize energy efficiency, water conservation, and environmental sustainability. Mandatory building codes and standards are among the most effective tools governments use to promote green buildings. These codes set minimum requirements for energy performance, water efficiency, and indoor environmental quality, ensuring that new constructions and major renovations meet established sustainability criteria. In addition to mandatory standards, governments also use financial incentives to encourage green building practices. These incentives may include tax credits, grants, or subsidies for building owners and developers who incorporate sustainable design features or achieve green building certifications. Furthermore, governments can influence the market through procurement policies that prioritize green buildings for public projects. By leading by example, governments can create a ripple effect in the private sector, encouraging more developers and building owners to embrace sustainable building practices. Overall, the role of policy and regulation in promoting green buildings is essential for advancing sustainable development goals. By setting clear standards, providing incentives, and leading by example, governments can create an environment where green buildings are the norm rather than the exception, leading to a more sustainable built environment for future generations.

HIV associated neurocognitive disorder screening and diagnosis pathways in Australia: a scoping review and international implications

ABSTRACT Symptomatic HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is a complication of HIV (cognitive impairment, difficulties with everyday functioning). If detected early, interventions assist with optimizing care, avoiding rapid decline and enhancing coping. There remains inconsistency surrounding screening/diagnosis information within Australian healthcare professionals and community settings. A scoping review of academic literature, government policies and non-government organisations (NGOs) was conducted to map existing screening/diagnosis information using the guidelines of Joanna Briggs Institute. A literature search of EBSCOhost and Medline (dates: 2015–2021), the Australian government NGO web domains, Google and unpublished academic works was conducted (July 2021) and updated (December 2022) to identify Australian items (past 5 years). Seventeen items met the inclusion criteria. No government guidelines were identified. Various HIV-related organisations proposed different diagnostic guidelines. Most HAND research originated in Sydney. The most accessible information was from Dementia Australia, with some inaccuracies noted. There is scant Australian research/information on HAND screening/diagnosis. HAND translational research and screening/diagnosis standards are urgently needed to inform best practices. The Australian context is used to discuss international implications regarding higher-income countries with similar patterns/healthcare.

Party Realignment: Ethnic Identity versus Egocentrism among Malaysian Voters

This study investigates the dynamics of voting intention concerning party realignment among voters in Malaysia using a Theory of Reasoned Action-based model. It delves into the roles of attitudes and subjective norms in shaping party preferences and aligns with quantitative methodology. A comprehensive self-administered survey questionnaire engaged 450 participants from diverse ethnic backgrounds in the Batang Kali State Constituency to elucidate party realignment complexities. They are chosen using stratified random sampling, based on a race proportion of 5:1:1. The findings reveal that voter attitudes wielded a more significant impact than subjective norms associated with ethnic identity. This outcome underscores the pivotal role of attitudes in influencing decision-making, while the influence of subjective norms remains limited. The research highlights the subjective norm's role in a multicultural context, clarifying that it is not the primary catalyst for party realignment. Instead, personal beliefs (people's egocentric behaviour) play a substantial role in shaping voter attitudes. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the interplay between subjective norms (ethnic identity), attitudes (egocentrism), and party realignment within Malaysia's diverse social landscape. Moreover, they hold significant implications for formulating effective political strategies and government policies within a multicultural society.

News coverage in Australian media: A comprehensive analysis

News media in Australia plays a crucial role in shaping public opinion, influencing political discourse, and reflecting societal values. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of news coverage in Australian media, exploring various dimensions including content, bias, framing, and audience engagement. Drawing on a diverse range of sources, including print, broadcast, and digital platforms, the study examines prominent themes such as political discourse and government policies, social and cultural affairs, economic matters and financial markets, environmental concerns and climate change, international relations and global affairs, and technology and innovation. Through thematic analysis, the paper illuminates the dynamic interplay between media content and societal dynamics, shedding light on the challenges and opportunities facing the Australian media landscape in the digital age.

Konsep Ekonomi Kebijakan dalam Pemerintahan Presiden Joko Widodo

This research is a literature review of the Economic Policy Package launched by President Joko Widodo in 2015. The Economic Policy Package consists of several volumes. When it was first launched, namely Volume 1, the economic policy package aimed to stimulate the real sector and drive the economy. Volume 1 of the Economic Policy Package is one of 16 economic policy packages launched until 2018. A review of the literature related to the Economic Policy Package volume 1 was conducted to identify the latest research related to economic policy packages and provide an assessment of the effectiveness of the Government's policies related to the Economic Policy Package. There are several aspects of national economic development, such as economic growth, inflation, and fiscal and monetary policies.Literature both in the form of academic studies and opinions and public perceptions of economic policy packages are explored in depth mainly by using search engines in the form of both formal and informal studies such as mass media. This study found that the literature related to Economic Policy Package Volume I is relatively limited and the discussion tends to focus on the impact of policies on capital market reactions. In addition, research on economic policy packages is dominated by quantitative approaches. In the future, it is necessary to expand the discussion of economic policy packages with broader theories, use a qualitative approach and dig deeper into the effectiveness of the economic policy packages

Empowering the Traditional Indigenous Politics through Education: An Agent of Political Socialization

Empowering the Traditional Indigenous Politics through Education: An Agent of Political Socialization

Trends in Science Humanities Convergence Education in Japanese Universities and their Implications

As science and technology advance, fundamental changes are taking place in individual lives and society. At this time, the dichotomous thinking that excessively distinguishes between science and humanities, as is prevalent in Korea and Japan, hinders the nurturing of the next generation’s capabilities. Since the 21st century, the Japanese government has continued to promote transversal and/or convergence education in science and humanities to overcome the limitations of early specialization in secondary education and the resulting limitations in college education. With the help of government financial and policy support, Japanese universities offer transversal education in a variety of ways, such as degree programs in interdisciplinary fields such as environmental studies and data science, a problem-solving-oriented curriculum, the activation of double major and minor systems, and bachelor degree programs in the liberal arts. Also, a trend began to redefine education goals to fit its nature and strengthen the liberal arts and sciences. This article explores the background and process of promoting transversal education through the Japanese government's official documents and articles, showing that it is being carried out within the larger framework of the pursuit of liberal arts in the 21<sup>st</sup> century. Lastly, this study shows that these trends fit into the context of liberal education and demonstrates how this field is reemerging globally.

Impacts of Government Policies, Technological Innovation, and Competitive Advantage on Post Pandemic MSME Financial

Impacts of Government Policies, Technological Innovation, and Competitive Advantage on Post Pandemic MSME Financial

Fungsi Pengawasan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah dalam Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Daerah di Indonesia

The Regional People's Representative Council which is the state institution that has undergone the most changes. This research aims to determine and analyze the Implementation of the Supervisory Function of the Regional People's Representative Council in the Implementation of Regional Government in Indonesia. This type of research is normative juridical. The results of the research are the supervisory function carried out by the Regional People's Representative Council towards the Regional Government in order to realize good governance so that it can achieve its goals. The Regional Representative Council must be able to correctly interpret the function and objectives of supervision, so that it can become an effective check & balance mechanism, optimize supervision so that it can have a positive influence as expected on the management of regional government, prepare the supervisory agenda for the Representative Council Regional People, Formulating standards, systems and standard procedures for supervision of the Regional People's Representative Council, as well as involving community participation in the supervision process. For this reason, it is recommended that there is a need for community participation in carrying out supervision so that the implementation of regional government policies can run well and it is necessary to develop supervision guidelines by the Regional People's Representative Council so that the supervision function can run more focused.