Government Cultural Policy Research Articles

The Emergence and Influence of Contemporary German Culture and Art

The rise of modern German culture and art is a significant event in European and world history since the 19th century. During this period, Germany s social and economic changes, government cultural policies, and flourishing ideology created an ideal environment for cultural and artistic development. The emergence of modern German culture and art has stimulated innovation in European culture while leaving a profound impact on global artistic trends. Its distinctive style and deep ideologies have served as a wellspring of inspiration for contemporary culture. The remarkable achievements during this period embody Germany s pursuit of artistic and ideological unity, leaving behind valuable cultural heritage for future generations.

문화연구자의 현실정치 의미 탐구

This paper aims to discuss the journey and meaning of Won Yong-jin's critical engagement in commemoration of his retirement as a professor and co-representative of Cultural Action. Although cultural researchers are engaged in activities to criticize reality with civic groups, Won Yong-jin has a slightly different meaning in that he was an early founding member of the civic group ‘Cultural Action’ and carried out critical activities as a co-representative until his retirement as a professor. The government's cultural policy criticism, journalism, and media literacy movements that he has been involved in for a long time later expanded into regional movements, climate crisis, blacklist movement for cultural artists, and critical discourse on digital technology. He has been seeking to form popular politics and has engaged in critical intervention focusing on political and social agendas. As a result of examining his journey into practical politics, it was found that his theoretical orientation, which considered the value of social participation as a cultural studies researcher, worked even more strongly through Cultural Action.

Ethnic tourism and Folksongs: A case study among the Blang (Bulang) of Yunnan, China

Abstract In 2008 “Blang Nationality’s Singing and Instrument Playing” (Bulangzu tanchang) was listed as China’s intangible cultural heritage protection. The creation of ethnic parks, cultural villages, and ecomuseums in Southwest China raises some questions about the ethnic minorities’ traditional cultural/musical heritage and its sustainable development: What is the impact of ethnic tourism development on local minorities and what is the role played by government cultural policy in the preservation and dissemination of Blang musical heritage? How is this ethnic group’s identity represented in staged performances for tourists and in mass media? And what is the agency of Blang culture bearers officially appointed ‘cultural heritage inheritors’ in constructing, defining, and representing their own ethnic/musical identity? This article deals with a research project conducted mainly among the Blang of Manxi village in Xishuangbanna (Sipsongpanna), Yunnan Province, Southwest China, in the Spring of 2017. The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the current interplay of ethnic tourism, government policy, mass media and culture bearers among an ethnic group considered a “minority among the minorities” in China and the effects of this interplay on the sustainability of traditional musical heritage.

남북 차(茶) 문화교류를 통한 정서적 공감 형성 연구

In the exchange of emotional sympathy, tea acts as capital, like a bet in a game, and tea culture can be economic capital and social capital, cultural capital and symbolic capital. This study establishes research issues on the restoration of national homogeneity by engaging in tea culture as cultural heritage, forming emotional consensus between North and South Koreans through tea culture, inter-Korean tea cultural exchanges, and cooperative projects. A search of the literature and FGI confirms that tea culture is a practice that can facilitate empathy and communication, creating empathy among daily life cultures. For inter-Korean tea cultural exchange to become a consensus for exchange, this study confirmed that the government's cultural policy along with continuous and various educational programs are necessary.

Film subsidies and cultural policy: the status of Hong Kong cinema

ABSTRACT This article reviews the film policy undertaken by the Hong Kong SAR government since the late 1990s. This film policy has been revised and refined over the past two decades, with several earmarked subsidy schemes intended to renew the film industry in production, promotion, and overseas exhibition. We present an account of government film subsidies and examine their effectiveness in the rejuvenation of Hong Kong cinema, followed by the feedback of filmmakers on the schemes. The dynamics and tension between the top-down approaches and the bottom-up perspectives of industry and film workers are critical in gauging the impact of the subsidies. In our final analysis, we reflect on how and why Hong Kong film policy might not have fulfilled its promises. We argue that the government cultural policy leverages the film industry as constitutive of creative and cultural industries to position Hong Kong as a creative capital and cultural hub.

Ukraine's Quest for Identity: Embracing Cultural Hybridity in Literary Imagination, 1911–2011

Ukraine's Quest for Identity: Embracing Cultural Hybridity in Literary Imagination, 1911–2011

Cultural Policy of the Justice and Development Party in the Context of Cultural Policies in Turkey

Republican period in Turkey, conflicts in the cultural sphere are usually an extension of conflicts in the political sphere. Trying to understand the nature of this kind of relationship between culture and politics in Turkey and also, to contribute to the current discussion of the concept of "cultural power”, it is important to examine the relationship between politics and culture in the context of current and concrete developments. The study was limited to the period when the Justice and Development Party (AKP) was in power. Since 2002, Turkey has been governed by the AKP. This party is distinctly different from the previous governments in its political tradition, ideological tendency and policies. This qualitative difference of the AKP government also directly reflects in his relationship with existing cultural sphere in Turkey. Therefore, in this study, the relationship between politics and culture during the AKP rule will be evaluated in the context of the AKP government's cultural policies. In addition, the historical and sociological reasons of the tension between the established cultural order and the cultural policies of the AKP government in this period will also be taken into consideration.

The Place of Socialism in African Art

The Place of Socialism in African Art

On the Link between the Protection of Minorities' Intangible Cultural Heritage and the Evaluation of Social Sciences and Humanities in the Republic of Serbia: Preliminary Examination of Cross-Study Results

The results of theoretical and field research into a) the state of protection of minorities' intangible cultural heritage, and b) the evaluation criteria for social sciences and humanities in the Republic of Serbia, indicate a clear and concerning correlation. Seemingly paradoxically, social sciences and humanities in the Serbian language are in an equally unfavorable, undervalued position as is the cultural heritage of minorities relative to that of the majority population's. Analysis suggests that, although they mostly do not perceive themselves in this way, Serbian social sciences and humanities scholars are a vulnerable social group in the sector of science and higher education, in the same sense in which ethnic minorities and communities are in terms of government cultural policy. The paper, based on the conclusions of an analysis of selected cross-study findings of field and theoretical research over a number of years, also proposes how the existing vulnerability factors can be eliminated and future ones prevented, particularly through cooperation between these two, often mutually opposed groups.

Massification of culture and art on the example of the activity of modern libraries

This article reviews the transformation of book culture in the context of activity of modern libraries, as well as the impact of government cultural policy upon this phenomenon. Special attention is given to the changes in the activity of libraries within the framework of national project “Culture” and model standard of the activity of public libraries. In The author underlines the transformation of the phenomenon of library, and the result of these processes reflected in blurring the distinctions between the upmarket and mass, and turning the audience into mass “consumer”. In the course of this research, the author applies functional analysis, dialectical method, and comparative analysis for consideration of the functions of modern library in relation to the historically first forms of their activity. The novelty consists in systemic and nonlinear analysis of the process of transformation of libraries, taking into account incoherence of this process. Emphasis is placed on the transformation of library as a cultural phenomenon, its essence, which leads to the vague understanding of the concept of library, and thus, result, loss of its uniqueness and dysfunction as a sociocultural institution.

Mirar el mar desde las espumas: una mirada al intercambio cultural entre México y Colombia durante los años cuarenta

El artículo busca dar cuenta de importantes matices de los vínculos extra diplomáticos colombo mexicanos, visibles en el continuo cruce de información ligada con el ámbito de la cultura, la educación y la diplomacia durante un amplio trayecto de la primera mitad del siglo XX. La idea es acercarse al influjo que ejercieron las políticas culturales del gobierno mexicano, en un periodo en que la propaganda y la difusión de un proyecto que apeló a la cultura y a las manifestaciones artísticas de las mayorías, hizo presencia en el entorno de relación de ambos países mientras servía de modo directo a propósitos de cohesión colectiva, en los que expresiones artísticas, manifestaciones folclóricas y diversas tradiciones provenientes del campo mexicano encontraron en este proyecto dirigido, un espacio para su difusión y su apropiación, como formas vinculantes y como enlaces válidos para dar cuenta de la identidad nacional.

A dance of excellence, accessibility, money and national identity: A discourse analysis of the Royal New Zealand Ballet's website

This paper explores how the Royal New Zealand Ballet's (RNZB's) website is used to construct the organisation's identity. Recent changes to the New Zealand government's cultural policy regarding accessibility, accountability, and funding have seen arts organisations need to consider economic sustainability. We posit that the changing demands placed on elite arts organisations to accommodate both artistic and commercial values may create conflicting messages and tensions that impact on their identity. To explore these tensions, we applied Dryzek's discourse analysis to the RNZB's website. The study uncovered the key entities constructed on the website as the audience, sponsors, and dancers, then considered the power relationships between these entities as well as the explicit and implicit reasons the website had been constructed. The results of the study highlight that the RNZB has chosen to emphasise its normative identity as a creative arts organisation, which inevitably had to meet utilitarian needs of financial support in order to have longevity. By making money, access, excellence, and national identity a part of their overall identity, the RNZB have perhaps inadvertently created contradictions and ambiguity in their wider identity scheme. We conclude that the until the RNZB can run sustainably without government support, and the contradictions in their presented identity will most likely remain.

Folklore and Cultural Policy in Brazil During the Military Dictatorship in the 1960s and 1970s


 
 
 This article analyzes the relationship between political and intellectual action of a group of folklorists associated with the Brazilian Folkloric Movement, and the development and implementation of cultural policies within the context of the military dictatorship in the 1960s and 1970s in Brazil. The article focuses on a comparative analysis of these policies based on documents from the military government as well as material created by folklorists, particularly material found in the Revista Brasileira de Folclore. The mobilization around folklore and its consequences in the field of cultural policy confirms the contemporary relevance of the subject in Brazil. The article concludes that although few scholars in the cultural sector currently identify as folklorists, and that the term folklore is often avoided, the legacy of the Brazilian Folkloric Movement is still very influential in contemporary government cultural policies.
 
 

Does tourism erode or prosper culture? Evidence from the Tibetan ethnic area of Sichuan Province, China

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the role of identity and cultural citizenship as cultural policy in tourism development in the Tibetan ethnic area of Sichuan Province, China. The findings indicate that the Tibetans are building different cultural identities in response to government cultural policies. In Guannei, they actively claim their rights to a share of tourism profits at the expense of their culture, while in Guanwai, they have constructed a multicultural identity not only for preserving culture, but also for developing it. The native Tibetans, therefore, are able to negotiate their identity based on their desire in contemporary society. The impact of tourism upon ethnic culture could be negative or positive and it depends on the identity of cultural citizenship. The paper explores the impact of tourism from a cultural citizenship perspective.

Актуальные проблемы современной культурной политики (на примере ФРГ)

Modern society is experiencing not just a transformation, but is going through a metamorphosis, forming a new, previously unknown society, and generating processes that humanity has not yet learned to manage. There is a need to find innovative decisions, and many of them lie in the sphere of culture as a multifunctional and multimodal sphere of activity. Culture ceases to be only an artistic reflection of reality; it becomes the engine of the modern creative economy. Various political forces of Germany participate today in decision-making and implementation of the cultural policy. Ultra-right politicians from «Alternative for Germany» put in the content of cultural discourse such notions, as people, nation, leading German culture contrasting to alternative notions of multiculturalism, globalization, internationalization. The main idea of the new FRG government cultural policy is formulated in the Coalition Agreement between CDU/CSU, SDP and FDP.

Empirical Research on Influencing Factors on Convergence Degree of Tourism Industry and Cultural Industry in China: A Case Study of Hainan Province

Tourism industry and cultural industry begin to converge gradually and factors influencing the convergence degree of two industries are complex and diverse. Hainan Province is a tourist attraction in China and the construction of Hainan International Tourism Island is a national great strategic deployment. In this context, this paper takes Hainan Province as the research object, selects 12 influencing factors from 5 aspects on basis of the data about the development of tourism industry and cultural industry in Hainan Province, and utilizes principal component analysis to draw a conclusion that the development scale of tourism industry has the greatest influence on convergence degree of two industries; infrastructure, traffic condition, industry input, economic income, financial situation and educational level have significant influence; natural environment, government cultural policy, industrial structure and protection of cultural tourism resources also have important influence; talent creativity has the least influence.

Reception of the Rolling Stones in Communist Czechoslovakia

One of the important factors that determine the shape of musical history in a particular country is its government cultural policy. This influences not only the nature of the music itself, but also its social reception, functions, cultural meaning, and symbolism. With this fact in mind, this article examines the reflections and influences of the Rolling Stones phenomenon within the framework of communist Czechoslovakia. Based on the exploration of characteristic historical and cultural events this article confirms the exceptional status of the Rolling Stones in Czechoslovakia as a political band par excellence.

A Study on the Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Current Government Cultural Policies : Focused on the Importance-Performance Analysis

A Study on the Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Current Government Cultural Policies : Focused on the Importance-Performance Analysis

Cultural policy and Australia's national cultural heritage: issues and challenges in the GLAM landscape

In 2012 the Australian Commonwealth government was scheduled to release the first dedicated policy for culture and the arts since the Keating government's Creative Nation (1994). Investing in a Creative Australia was to appear after a lengthy period of consultation between the Commonwealth government and all interested cultural sectors and organisations. When it eventuates, the policy will be of particular interest to those information professionals working in the GLAM (galleries, libraries, archives and museums) environment. GLAM is a cross-institutional field which seeks to find points of commonality among various cultural-heritage institutions, while still recognising their points of difference. Digitisation, collaboration and convergence are key themes and characteristics of the GLAM sector and its associated theoretical discipline. The GLAM movement has seen many institutions seeking to work together to create networks of practice that are beneficial to the cultural-heritage industry and sector. With a new Australian cultural policy imminent, it is timely to reflect on the issues and challenges that GLAM principles present to national cultural-heritage institutions by discussing their current practices. In doing so, it is possible to suggest productive ways forward for these institutions which could then be supported at a policy level by the Commonwealth government. Specifically, this paper examines four institutions: the National Gallery of Australia, the National Library of Australia, the National Archives of Australia and the National Museum of Australia. The paper reflects on their responses to the Commonwealth's 2011 Cultural Policy Discussion Paper. It argues that by encouraging and supporting collecting institutions to participate more fully in GLAM practices the Commonwealth government's cultural policy would enable far greater public access to, and participation in, Australia's cultural heritage. Furthermore, by considering these four institutions, the paper presents a discussion of the challenges and the opportunities that GLAM theoretical and disciplinary principles present to the cultural-heritage sector.

Spreading global models and enhancing banal localism: the case of local government cultural policy development

This paper addresses the question of how cosmopolitan consciousness coexists with persistent banal nationalism or localism. The argument put forward is that these two phenomena are reinvigorated by a single process, here called the domestication of transnational models. The newspaper media coverage of an R&D project aimed at developing local government cultural activities in Finnish towns and cities is the object of a case analysis. The results show that although the project contributed to standardizing local government cultural activities and spreading the idea of cities as strategic actors, through the way in which the project was covered in the local media, it strengthened a local viewpoint on the whole process. It drew on and constituted residents’ identification with their local domicile and the idea that local government citizens are members of a team that has to do well in global competition. Second, the comparative data made available was capitalized in local politics.