Government Buildings Research Articles

신라 월성 성벽의 구간별 축조 공정과 왕경의 축성 기술

In this article, the construction process was analyzed by dividing Wolseong, a royal castle of Silla, by construction section. By comparing Dodangsan Fortress and Namsan Fortress, it was intended to reveal the construction technology of Silla Wanggyeong. In addition, in order to see if the construction technology of the Wanggyeong Fortress was confirmed in other buildings, the exchange of fortification technology was reviewed by comparing tombs and embankments. Wolseong was analyzed by dividing it into a moat section, a west wall section, and a north wall section, and the preliminary survey of Japanese colonial era and the 2011 excavation survey were used as supplementary data. In view of the section of the west wall and the section of the north wall, it is believed that the built-up wall will be completed after the formation of the base → the central frame → three to four times of extending construction. The basic construction process was the same overall, but the three sections show the construction of the wall using different construction techniques and materials according to the base conditions. In addition, in the moat section and the west wall section, traces of repairs were found two to three times after the wall was built, and the outer wall or inner wall was partially supplemented according to the maintenance situation. As Dodangsan Fortress and Namsan Fortress were built in a way that made hills → built slopes, a different construction technology from Wolseong Fortress was identified. Both fortresses were constructed with a construction method suitable for small-scale earthen fortifications, and as it is estimated to be a political space and a government building, it can be seen that they were efficiently built according to the purpose of construction. On the other hand, although Silla’s stone-mounded wooden chamber was built at the same time, the similarity of fortification technology was captured only in the Hoseok structure, where the functional sector was emphasized, and various construction techniques were shared for each construction process in the embankment.

The fluctuations in the style of German barracks complexes in referenceto the national style on selected examples from the 1930st

The national-socialist movement widespread in Germany in the 1930s influenced all areas of life. Investments in facilities related to the military were of particular ideological significance. At the same time, regardless of the state ideology and propaganda, in the period following World War I,a huge transformation is taking place in the formation of barracks complexes. In terms of the distribution of rooms in accordance with cross ventilation and insolation requirements, as well as the urban arrangement on the plot, military architecture uses the achievements of residential architecture: social housing, patronage estates, prefabrication and functionalism. In formal terms, it is also influenced by the international style. For example, in Polish military architecture (during the Second Polish Republic), the use of cosmopolitan modernism progressed, being a manifestation of patriotic care for the modernization of the country in accordance with the example set by the world powers and Western countries. However, it didnt take long before German military architecture diversified from this trend. The Third Reich, under the influence of the national--socialist movement, briefly before the outbreak of World War II, abandons modernism in favour of a specific local form of vernacular national style - Heimatstil. In the field of construction of government buildings, its nationalist variant prevails "Heimatschutz" which is a retreat to tendentious historical forms and regionalisms. This transformation is illustrated by three examples of barracks from19351938. The historical barracks from the 1880s represent a style saturated with romanticism. They are multi-storey blocks full of gloomy interiors spanning deep from the corridor, which encompasses the building. At the beginning of the 1930s, they are being replaced by objects derived from the white modernism: ascetic, functional, cubist, with a functional layout solved with attention to ventilation and insolation. However, with the tightening of the rhetoric of the ruling NSDAP, evidenced by the exhibition of modern art under the depreciating title "Degenerated Art", organized in Munich in 1937, a strong nationalist course in Germanys politics leads to the rejection of cosmopolitan patterns. This results in the return to the simplified vernacular style in the design of barrack complexes. This then gives way to objects in an approachable native style.

Restitution process in conservation: Exploring the historical adventure of Derik Former Government Building

Derik Old Government Building, with its architectural structure, is one of the leading examples of civil architecture that reflects the local architecture and construction technique of Derik district of Mardin. The building was registered as the 1st Group in 2006 and is not used today. It has been used in different functions by the local people until today and has taken its current form with the additions made in different periods. In the archive records scanning, no information or document was found that the restoration project was drawn. In this context, it is necessary to reveal the historical evolution of the building in order to ensure the sustainability of the building and to maintain its historical identity. The aim of the restitution research of the historical building is to determine the changes that the building has undergone until today, to find its original state based on scientific data, to find the periods it went through and to lay the groundwork for the restoration work. As a method in the study, comparative studies were made with examples of similar periods, and determinations were made about the structure in line with the existing traces in the building. In addition, oral interviews were conducted with the people living in the region in order to better understand the historical process of the building. In the results of the study, it was determined that there were two periods related to the structure. It is understood that the upper floor was built later, since the traces from the building, the door and window alignments, the construction technique and the wall alignments of the lower and upper floors are not in the same direction. It is not known exactly when the ground floor was built, but according to the inscription on the mosque next to it, it was built before 1846. It is estimated that the first floor was built at the end of the 19th century.

Pembangunan Rumah Yang Dilakukan Masyarakat Di Bantaran Kali Anafre Kota Jayapura

The Purpose of writing this reasearch is to comprehensively describe the neglect of the construction of residential houses by the people on the banks of the Anafre river, Jayapura City. This type of research is using a qualitative method, using a social phenomenological paradigm, to data analysis using a flow model. The study's findings, the construction of dwellings on the Anafre River's banks is an endeavor by inhabitants to acquire a residential house. Many others have copied the government and private buildings that have enlivened the growth on the banks of the Anafre River. Residential house building is done permanently or semi-permanently depending on the demands of the occupants. Without licensing certificates, giving up customs and building permissions for buildings on the Anafre River's banks violates current legislation; these letters are proof of physical and legal facts. The convenience of the Jayapura City BPN in the form of a certificate management policy based on the submission of a recommendation letter from the Ministry of PUPR of Jayapura City, which is in violation of Government Regulation No. 38 of 2011 concerning the River. Many locals are unaware of the convenience of Jayapura City BPN housing on the banks of the Anafre River, which is placed behind the Paldam housing (army settlement), so that civilians building houses in the area feel safe from eviction.

THEORETICAL BASIS OF COMBATING TERRORIST ACTS IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT

Тhe article defines the concept of terrorism, outlines the directions that contribute to the implementation of a terrorist act. It is highlighted that the anti-terrorist security of Ukraine is being formed as a state system of combating terrorism. The content of protection and countermeasures against terrorism is determined in the conditions of the formation of a tendency to increase the levels of public danger. The need for urban planning and architectural and planning measures to counter terrorist acts in the urban environment is noted. The general theoretical principles of the formation of protection against terrorist attacks in the urban environment by urban planning and architectural and planning means are considered. Changes in the content, forms and methods of modern terrorism are identified: new styles of terrorism around the world – attacks on important educational, commercial or government buildings with large crowds of people, threats to disrupt everyday urban life, the growth of the number of terrorist groups and actions of individual terrorists, committing terrorist attacks in cities, the spread of terrorism in urban open spaces. The construction of physical protection of elements of the urban environment is considered, guided by the principles of adequacy to accepted models of threats through organizational and administrative measures, technical methods of implementing protection of elements of the urban environment, threats and models of violators; zonal construction through the organization and creation of free zones, restricted access zones and protected zones; ensuring the necessary level of effectiveness of the physical protection system for all methods of committing terrorist acts; adaptability to the technological features of the functions of elements of the urban environment.

PERENCANAAN STRUKTUR ULANG GEDUNG BADAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DAN NAGARI KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT

Building Planning The Community Empowerment Agency and Nagari is one of the government buildings, the planned building is a 3-storey office building located in the West Pasaman earthquake area. so planning is needed that leads to being resistant to earthquake shocks, this is one of the basics for planners to plan the Community and Nagari Empowerment Agency Building. From the results of this structural analysis, the reinforcement structure is obtained based on the author's analysis. The results obtained that the material used is steel fy = 420 MPa and concrete quality fc' = 24.9 MPa, for plate reinforcement in the direction of x = 10 – 150, while the direction of y = 10 – 150. Column planning uses quality fy = 420 and concrete quality fc' = 24.9 Mpa for a 40cm x 40cm column with the main reinforcement used, namely 8D – 16 and a 30cm x 30cm column with the main reinforcement used 6D – 16. While the beam design uses steel quality fy = 420 Mpa and muru concrete fc' = 24.9 MPa for beams measuring 50cm x 30cm with reinforcement used 6D – 16 16 for tensile reinforcement and 3D – 16 for compression reinforcement, steel quality fy = 420 and concrete quality fc' = 20.75 for beam size 45cm x 25cm with reinforcement used 4D – 13 for tensile reinforcement and 3D – 13 for compression reinforcement, while for beams using steel quality fy = 400 and quality beron fc' = 20.75 for size 30cm x 20cm with the main reinforcement used 3D – 12 for tensile reinforcement and 2D – 12 for compression reinforcement.reinforcement.

정부청사 보안조직의 문제점 및 개선방안

In addition to the ongoing threat of provocations, such as North Korea's resumption of ballistic missile tests, and the chaotic international situation caused by the prolonged Russian invasion of Ukraine, anxiety in the field of domestic security is also rising. Even in these chaotic times, government offices are always exposed to various security incidents, so it is necessary to pay more attention to security. The government buildings of the Republic of Korea consist of 'A'-class facilities (Seoul, Gwacheon, Daejeon, Sejong), where most of the administrative and central administrative agencies are located, and other government and local government buildings. The importance of government building security is increasing due to additional construction plans for government and local government offices, but the security organization is insufficient in comparison. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the current situation of the government building security organization, draw implications, and suggest improvement plans so that an organization capable of improving security level and efficient security work can be formed. As for the method of the study, in order to identify the problems of the government building security organization, previous research and literature data on the security organization of other organizations similar to the government building were analyzed, and the problems and improvement of the security organization were targeted at the security officials among the government building protection personnel. An in-depth interview was conducted on the room. As a result of the study, the problems of the government building security organization were found to be non-unification of command authority, composition of protection personnel, lack of specialized security departments, and legal authority of public officials in defense positions. Clear division of duties and organizational organization, expansion of departments specializing in security for each building, review of application of legal authority such as the Act on performance of Duties by Police Officials in Security Official, and establishment of a Special Judicial Police Unit at government buildings were suggested. In particular, this study proposed the creation of a new security organization tentatively named 'Government Buildings Special Judicial Police Unit' as an improvement plan that can complement all 7 problems, and organized into organizations such as members and organization chart, duties and scope of the organization A portion of the content was also suggested. Therefore, it is expected that the utilization of the results of this study will greatly contribute to the improvement of the security level by improving the security organization of government buildings.

Real-time power quality measurement audit of government building – A case study in compliance with IEEE 1159

Power Quality (PQ) measurements and auditing play a vital role for smart grid applications, industrial safety and reliability. The major electrical PQ characteristics and parameters, like Voltage Sags/Swells, Harmonic Distortion, Voltage Unbalance, Voltage Variation & Flicker, and Supply Interruptions, are studied with the aim of maintaining the international or national standards. The electrical characteristics are studied and analyzed for single-phase and poly-phase systems in this IEEE 1159 recommended practice. The significant PQ constraints and parameters, like electromagnetic interference phenomenon deviation from the regular operation due to load equipment or source to load interaction, are described. Further, it is discussed PQ different monitoring devices, roles, and applications. In this paper, power quality monitoring of the equipment using FLUKE instrument and accessories to identify the equipment performance, audit, PQ issues are discussed practically for a two-panel boards switchgear equipment as a case study in Malaysia. Here, trends in voltage and current changes with current imbalances were observed on 1st May 2019 morning 8'o clock and on 7th May 2019 evening at 9'0 clock.

How does destination governance build local residents’ behavioural support towards destination branding: An empirical study of the tourism sector in Tanzania

The present study is among the few scholarly attempts that respond to scholarly calls to examine destination branding from the perspective of local residents. The current study extends knowledge on branding by examining the contribution of destination governance on behavioural support for destination branding in the tourism sector in Tanzania. The study used a cross-sectional survey research design with 302 respondents who were chosen to participate in the study. Data was collected through structured questionnaires that were self-administered and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings show that destination governance influences positive behavioural support towards destination branding when mediated by destination identification. Therefore, destination management organizations (DMOs) should engage local residents through institutional arrangements, i.e. destination governance, to promote behavioural support towards destination branding.

A criminological analysis of violent nature of protests in Vuwani Area, Vhembe District of Limpopo Province

In the last seven years, Limpopo Province experienced a high rate of service delivery protests that turned violent. The service delivery protests in the Vuwani area have received a lot of media coverage and international scrutiny, wherein school, and government buildings were vandalised and burned down. The study adopted a qualitative approach to explore the reasons why the protests turned violent and further questioned the burning of state property. The interviews were held with 40 community members in the Vuwani area and thematic content analyses were used. The long-standing tribal issues and political instability were at the centre of the violent protests in Vuwani area. The findings revealed dissatisfaction with municipal demarcation decisions perpetuated violent service delivery protests in Vuwani. Protest initially begins as peaceful demonstrations as mostly community members participate, the educated and the uneducated. However, protests provide an opportunity for criminals to vandalise state property and loot. The study recommends thorough public participation and consultation during decision-making that involves the community. Political stability should be enforced to avoid political agents inciting violence in the communities. Furthermore, harsher punishment was recommended for those who participate in violent service delivery protests.

Nutrition and food security in Nepal: a narrative review of policies.

In the past few decades, the Nepali government has endorsed several nutritional policies, strategies, and guidelines. Given the lack of a comprehensive review of such policy documents, this review aims to describe the nutrition and food security policies and understand the existing policy gaps in Nepal. Findings from this study can be used to develop policies and programs to address Nepal's current and future nutritional needs. Policies relevant to nutrition and food security were identified by searching government websites and directly approaching relevant government ministries. Thematic analysis was conducted using framework methods under 8 predetermined themes: nutrition intervention, food security, food system, capacity building of human resources, nutrition education, nutrition governance, research, and monitoring and evaluation. The contents of each document reviewed were manually extracted in a spreadsheet stratified by the themes, and the findings were summarized for the respective themes. A total of 30 policy documents were reviewed. Most policies have focused on undernutrition; only a few have addressed overnutrition and diet-related noncommunicable diseases. Food security through a sustainable food system has been considered a key policy area in Nepal. Other areas in the food and nutrition policy landscape are capacity building for human resources, behavior change practices, nutrition governance, monitoring, and evaluation. Policy gaps have been identified in the quality and sustainability of nutrition programs; access to health care services; competent human resources for nutrition; intersectoral coordination and commitment; and support for monitoring, evaluation, and research activities. Most policies have tried to address a wide range of components of food and nutrition security; however, strategies focused on overnutrition and diet-related noncommunicable diseases are lacking. Several gaps are identified in this policy review; the findings can guide the policymakers to address these gaps via further policy development.

Studi Pengaruh Covid-19 Pada Berbagai Sektor Pengguna Tenaga Listrik di Bangka Belitung

Electricity in Indonesia, especially in the Bangka Belitung Islands, has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The effect occurred at the beginning of the pandemic in the second quarter of 2020, namely the household sector rose to 3.3%, the social sector fell -3.1%, the industrial sector rose to 15%, business fell -9.8%, the office sector government buildings rose 3%, and the public/other street lighting sector fell -47%. By using statistical tests on the classical assumption test all sectors are normally distributed. In the partial test using multiple linear regression test for the household sector, industry, and government office buildings, only connected power affects energy consumption, namely 70.5%, 97.7%, and 37.4%. In the social and business sectors, there is an effect of connected power and tariff prices on energy consumption, namely 92% and -13%, while business is 42% and 10%, respectively. By using the simultaneous test, the household sector has an effect of 68.2%, the social sector is 75.5%, the industrial sector is 97.5%, the business sector is 44.2% and government buildings are 32.5%.

Smoke-free law compliance and predictive factors in Ethiopia: observational assessment of public places and workplaces

ObjectivesThe primary objective of this observational study was to assess the status of public place and workplace compliance with smoke-free provisions in Ethiopia.MethodsThis study was conducted in four regions of...

Decentralized multi-agent collaborative innovation platform for new energy vehicle core technology breakthrough with digital empowerment: From the perspective of prospect theory

Under the background of digital economy and energy crisis, based on the theory of digital empowerment and prospect theory, aiming at the problems of inefficient collaborative innovation mode, long principal-agent chain, imperfect collaborative innovation mechanism and insufficient digital collaborative innovation degree of the core technology of new energy vehicles, this study constructs a decentralized multi-agent collaborative tripartite evolutionary game model with the participation of government building platform, new energy enterprises and academic research institutions, analyzes the evolution law and key factors, and finally compares the examples of the United States, China and European countries. Results show that: (1) Government subsidies should meet the sum of the strategic income difference and the credibility income is greater than the subsidies to enterprises and research institutions; (2) The subsidy structure and innovation performance show an inverted U-shaped structure. The management mechanism of platform should be optimized; (3) Government should improve the threshold for innovators to enter the decentralized new energy vehicle core technology breakthrough platform, and the contract maintenance strength is conducive; (4) The innovation subject has a dynamic income cost distribution coefficient, and reasonable control of the income and cost sharing coefficient is important; (5) Digital empowerment can make the above four mechanisms achieve dynamic optimization iteration and achieve better equilibrium solutions. Finally, practical countermeasures for the government are put forward, which improves the theoretical research and practical exploration.

Eqbal Ahmad’s Internationalist Vision

On January 12, 1971, two FBI agents burst through the doors of the Adlai Stevenson Institute in Chicago to arrest Eqbal Ahmad. A preeminent South Asian activist and analyst of international politics, Ahmad had been charged with participating in a conspiracy to kidnap National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger and bomb steam tunnels underneath government buildings in Washington, D.C. A vocal opponent of the Vietnam War, Ahmad had found company among the antiwar Catholic Left and grown close to the Berrigan brothers, Philip and Daniel, both priests who had attracted the attention of federal authorities for their peace activism. By 1971, the Berrigans were serving prison sentences for breaking into a draft board office and burning hundreds of draft records. In a letter Philip received while incarcerated, a fellow Catholic activist recounted a recent conversation with Ahmad and others about a potential plan to make a citizen’s arrest of Kissinger. With the letter as evidence, the Justice Department filed charges against a group of antiwar activists that had long been on FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover’s radar.

ATTEMPT TO SET THE SEISMIC IMPORTANCE FACTOR OF BUILDING BASED ON DAMAGE SITUATION OF SURROUNDING AREA

Building standard law in Japan does not mention the seismic importance factor since the low regulates the minimum requirements. On the other hands, the importance categorization is done for government buildings and for industrial facilities, such as high-pressure vessels and nuclear power plant facilities. Though the categorization is given based on the consequences of the damage to buildings and facilities, the basis of importance factors is not mentioned clearly. Focusing on the disaster base buildings, this paper attempts to assign the importance factor from the viewpoint of performance in case of disaster, using the model buildings in the model areas.

행정구역통합에 관한 주민의식조사연구

The purpose of this study is to analyze residents' consciousness about the necessity and method of administrative consolidation through the survey analysis in case of Andong and Yecheon, and to derive its policy implications. Its results are as follows. First, due to the separation of administrative districts in the provincial new town, there are serious problems such as inconvenience to residents and inefficiency of administration, and as a solution for them, the administrative consolidation of Andong and Yecheon is necessary. Second, sufficient considerations should be given to political factors that may make it difficult by the conflicts caused by political interests in the process of administrative consolidation. Third, there would be no serious conflicts as there is a tendency in the perception of residents regarding the name of the consolidated city and the location of its government building.

THE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN THE SPECIAL CAPITAL REGION OF JAKARTA, INDONESIA

The Covid-19 pandemic that is getting worse, the Government responded by issuing PSBB and WFH policies with positive and negative effects in DKI Jakarta as national economic growth. The study aimed to analysis environmental effects. This qualitative research used literature review sourced from articles, government reports, institutional reports, and validated popular media. The policies have some significant effects on people's lives and environmental stability. The positive effects included the decline in PM2,5 with the highest value of 31,31% in West Jakarta, 27.80% in East Jakarta, and 25.74% in Central Jakarta. There was an improvement in air quality; the decline in electricity consumption was 7.24% in the industrial sector, 8.70% in business centers, 2.43% in government buildings, and 620 tons/day reduced waste. The adverse effects included: the closure of 3,570 companies and 1,225,725 workers doing WFH; increased household electricity consumption by 4.76%; decreased Commuter Line passengers by 82.10%; a decrease in Transjakarta passengers by 87.60%; and increased household waste by 36%. The pandemic harmed the socio-economic and had a positive effect on the environment. Pandemics provide an opportunity for humans to reflect on their behaviour and how they should interact with nature in post-pandemic encourage pro-environmental behaviour to support sustainable development.

Sustainable Development in Algeria’s Urban Areas: Population Growth and Land Consumption

We analyzed the urban development sustainability in five major urban areas of Algeria by the standard of the UN Sustainability Development Goal indicator SDG 11.3.1, which focuses on the ratio of land consumption rate to population growth rate. We utilized the annual global artificial impervious area (GAIA) dataset to characterize land-use and population data from the two censuses carried out by the National Office of Statistics (ONS) for 2008 and 2018. We discuss the prevailing relationship between urban land consumption rate and population growth rate at the smallest territorial and population census unit scale. We confirm that the indicator SDG 11.3.1 is nonlinear and that while, for example, the wilaya of Tlemcen as a whole appears to be on a sustainable path, twenty-one of its communes are not. We found that overall, and for most of its communes, the wilaya of Oran seems to have an urban land use commensurable to its population growth, but in the wilaya of Algiers, out of fifty-seven communes, only fourteen have a tendency towards sustainable development. However, the latter wilaya hosts the country’s capital and includes government buildings that are uninhabited but are accounted for as land consumed, and as such, the relationship between urban land consumption and population growth is biased. The wilaya of Annaba showed large discrepancies in terms of land use and population growth rates, and the evolution of these quantities is not homogenous across communes and not sustainable. In the Saharan wilaya of Ghardaia, the development is not homogeneous in all communes, with smaller communes undergoing buildup increases of more than 150% over the decade. Finally, in all communes where population growth exceeded urban land growth, there will be overcrowding, an aspect neither the SDG 11.3.1 nor the impervious surface per capita indicator captures. This result, in addition to other limitations, makes SDG 11.3.1 incomplete for the determination of the sustainable development in urban areas.

Infested empire: architecture and entomology in colonial Japan

As Japan’s colonial empire pushed westward in the early twentieth century, insects pushed back. Colonists in Taiwan were besieged by the Formosan termite, a voracious but then relatively mysterious species that ate everything from government buildings to Shinto shrines. The Japanese government dispatched termite specialists to the island in response to document the damage and develop a solution. The problem was not only that termites could eat away at architecture in Taiwan; more dire was the possibility that they could travel throughout the empire and back to the mainland. Such an existential threat prompted entomologists to collaborate with architects and engineers and develop novel methods of study. Looking at entomological reports, architectural histories, and buildings that were both destroyed by termites and dedicated to displaying them, I show how termite-pocked buildings were mediated to map the Japanese colonial empire and physicalise its potentially dangerous interdependence. By approaching the special issue’s theme of ‘unmaking’ as an act of insect-led destruction, I argue that vulnerable wooden architecture served as a medium of connection between human and insect actors as both came to terms with empire.