Presidential System Of Government Research Articles

Perbandingan Konstitusi Negara Indonesia Dan Rusia

The purpose of this study is to analyze and compare the state constitutions of Indonesia and Russia, particularly in relation to state institutions, separation of powers, and institutions for interpreting the constitution. This study uses a normative juridical research method with a statutory approach and a comparative approach. The results of the study show that in terms of institutions, Indonesia and Russia both adhere to the trias politica separation. However, in terms of the government system, there are differences, if Indonesia adheres to a purely presidential system of government, the Russian Federation adheres to semi-presidential. As for the institutions of interpreting the constitution, there are also similarities and differences. Similarities such as being an interpreter of the constitution, being a dispute resolution institution for state institutions to providing opinions on impeachment. The difference is that if the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia has the authority to decide on the dissolution of political parties and disputes regarding the results of the general election, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation does not have that authority. On the other hand, the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation does not have the authority, for example, to receive complaints about violations of constitutional rights, to decide on the constitutionality of agreements between Russian state government agencies, and to decide on the normative actions of Russian state officials.

Village Fund Allocation Information System Design

Village development has a very important and strategic role in the context of National Development and Regional Development. In village development, the village government is located as a subsystem of the government administration system in Indonesia, so that the village has the authority, duties and obligations to regulate and manage the interests of its own community. In carrying out the authority, duties, and obligations of the village in the administration of government and development, a source of village income is needed. In the process of managing the Village (Gampong) Fund Allocation, Peukan Bada District, Aceh Besar District, the village government is faced with the condition of the community's education level being still weak. Based on previous research, this research has a purpose, namely to describe and analyze the Management of Village Fund Allocation in empowering rural communities; the driving and inhibiting factors for the management of Village Fund Allocation in empowering rural communities in Peukan Bada District, Aceh Besar District. The objectives to be achieved from this research are; create an online budget data processing information system design, and improve all aspects of data forms or expand the relationship or relationship of each data. The design method used is the waterfall model taking basic activities such as specification, development, validation, and evolution and representing them as phases such as requirements specification, software design, implementation, testing and so on. Based on the results of the analysis and design of the village fund allocation information system, it can be seen that until now it is still done manually. The author can conclude including; the design of the village fund allocation application can provide convenience in carrying out the implementation process of gampong development, and the use of a system that is still manual has limitations in the data storage process, data search and report generation process.

Perbandingan Sistem Pemerintahan Presidensial dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan di Indonesia dan Iran

Abstract--This paper describes a comparison related to the presidential government system in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia and the State of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Some of the basic reasons that make the writer interested in discussing presidential government systems are the existence of standard rules or at least oriented to the United States presidential government system, but in practice, the system tends to follow the conditions of the socio-political-cultural structure that exists in each country. While the background why the author chose Indonesia and Iran to be compared, at least based on several factors. First, related to the history of upheaval in each country, Indonesia has experienced a period of reform and Iran has experienced a period of revolution. Second, Indonesia and Iran are both countries with a majority Muslim population, and Iran makes Islamic values ??the basis of state life. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, Islamic values ??are not fully used as the basis of the state, considering that Indonesia is a diverse country in terms of religion and culture. Third, Indonesia and Iran both use a presidential system of government, but Indonesia and Iran can combine the rules of a presidential government system with the conditions of the socio-political-cultural structure that exist in each country. This research is research using the statutory approach, conceptual approach, and comparative approach. As a result, there are differences in the implementation of presidential government systems in Indonesia and Iran in several indicators. This is very reasonable because the system of government in a country must adapt to the socio-political historical conditions that exist in both Indonesia and Iran.
 Indonesia, Iran, presidential system.

A Study on the Development of a Model for Providing Traditional Korean Medicine and Welfare Services for Community Care.

ObjectivesThis study aims to develop a community care model in traditional Korean medicine (TKM) by developing a community care participation model for the health of the elderly and deriving tasks to implement it.MethodsThis study implemented a group interview with experts. A fact-finding survey was conducted targeting 16 local governments that are implementing a leading project to identify the status of TKM service provision and welfare service linkage in all regions. An expert group interview (FGI) targeted public and private sector experts for each job role, the former represented by those in charge of the central government’s health care policy and administrative delivery system, and the latter by professors majoring in social welfare, professors majoring in health, and local TKM societies. After forming the expert groups, three expert group interviews were conducted.ResultsThrough collective interviews with experts, a model for providing TKM and welfare services in community integrated care was derived by dividing it into local and central government levels. The strategies and tasks for promoting TKM-oriented health welfare services were derived from 3 strategies, 8 tasks, and 20 detailed tasks.ConclusionThe core direction of the TKM health care model is the region-centered provision of TKM and welfare services. To this end, policy support for the use and linkage of health care service resources is required at the central government level, and linkage and provision of health welfare services centered on TKM are necessary through linkage and convergence between service subjects and between government health care projects.

Redesain Pengisian Jabatan Menteri Dalam Sistem Presidensial Di Indonesia

The filling of ministerial positions in the presidential government system must be based on the pleasure of working and not because of political considerations or imbalances in the support of the President's groups or political parties. In fact, the filling of ministerial positions in Indonesia has so far been carried out using a political approach. The methodology used is a normative juridical research method, with a statutory and conceptual approach. The results of the discussion and conclusions of this study are first, the minister's task load is a lot of political dynamics; secondly, the filling of ministerial positions does not occur democratically; and third, new design ideas in filling ministerial positions include the requirements needed to be appointed as ministers, affirmation of the limitation of concurrent positions, and must first conduct a fit and proper test.

PENGARUH AMBANG BATAS PARLEMEN TERHADAP KEDUDUKAN PARTAI OPOSISI SERTA KAITANNYA DENGAN SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN PRESIDENSIL DI INDONESIA

With the amendment to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Indonesia adopts a presidential system of government, this is reinforced by the existence of articles that strengthen the president as head of state and head of government. Therefore, the government or in this case the president has a bigger power room. To realize an effective democratic system, it is necessary to have government opposition in parliament as a form of people's representation, which is necessary to provide criticism, alternative policies and control of power. However, to achieve proportionality between the government coalition parties, apart from improving the internal parties involved in the general elections, the quality of the general election system contained in the law must also be improved. There must a significant increase in the percentage threshold that eliminates the votes of small and medium-sized parties that eliminate valid votes from the general election, thereby reducing the probability of realizing the proportionality of parties with coalitions of government and opposition parties in parliament.

Constitution Formulation and Amendment in Indonesian and American Legal System: A Comparative Study

The purpose of this study is to find out the comparison of constitutional law in Indonesia and the United States in terms of the development of the constitution and the mechanism for changing the constitution (UUD). The method used in this research is in the form of legal research. The type of research used for this approach is normative legal research. As in the United States constitution, Article V regulates how to amend the constitution. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, the mechanism for this change is regulated in Article 37 of the 1945 Constitution (UUD). The United States and Indonesia are countries that have adopted a presidential system of government with a republican form of government. In addition, the state institution authorized to make changes to the constitution of each country is the legislature. If in the United States the one who can amend the Constitution is the Congress consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate, then in Indonesia the authority to make changes to the Constitution is the MPR, which includes the DPR and DPD. Then, the form of the constitution used by the two countries is the same as the Written Constitution. The existence of the United States Constitution is actually an effort to realize the principles stated in a Declaration of Independence (1776). The Declaration is based on French philosophical and English Enlightenment schools. The main purpose of the United States constitution is to guarantee the rights of the states.

Konstytucyjny status parlamentu federalnego w Republice Argentyńskiej

The article is devoted to the legal and constitutional position of the Federal Parliament in the Republic of Argentina. In it, the author analyses those regulations of the constitution that define the place and role of the legislative body within the presidential system of government. First, the author shows the status of the parliament in the light of the constitutional principles of the system and its relationship with other federal bodies. He then points to the principles of election of the two chambers of parliament, its structure and the implementation of the legislative function. He also tries to show the impact of the 1994 constitutional revision on the political position of the National Congress, which resulted in the introduction of certain elements of the parliamentary system into the political system of Argentina.

Pelaksanaan Sistem Pemerintahan Presidensial Dengan Multi Partai Di Indonesia

The government system in post-reform Indonesia is a presidential system with many parties. The advantage of this system is that it is more democratic because many parties are considered to accommodate the wishes and interests of people from various backgrounds through political parties, while the weakness is that it is difficult for the ruling party if it is not in the majority. The purpose of this study was to determine the implementation of a presidential system of multi-party governance in post-reform Indonesia. The results of the study are that in a presidential government system with many parties (multi-party system) such as in Indonesia, it will cause problems if no political party wins the election with a majority vote, the President must build a coalition with a number of political parties that have representatives in the House of Representatives (DPR). DPR). Since the holding of the 1999 and 2004 elections, there have been efforts to simplify political parties, by reducing the number of election participants through the electoral threshold and then changing since 2009 to reducing the number of political parties that may sit in parliament by using the minimum threshold requirement (parliamentary threshold). However, this method has not been successful because there are still relatively many political parties sitting in parliament, this is due to the parliamentary threshold that is too small. Ideally, the parliamentary threshold, which was previously 4% in the 2019 election, is raised to 8% in the 2024 election. Thus, a strong, effective and stable presidential government system with only 4 (four) to 6 (six) political parties will be realized.

The Effects of the Presidential Government System on the Administrative Organization

Ülkemizde gelişen tarihsel süreç içerisinde tıpkı diğer ülkelerde de olduğu gibi birçok hükümet sisteminin varlığı söz konusu olmuştur. Osmanlı imparatorluğu ile başlayan bu süreç Cumhuriyet tarihine kadar olan zaman diliminde monarşi, meşruti monarşi, parlamenter sistem ve başkanlık sistemlerinin sıralandığı hükümet sistemlerinin varlığı ile donatılmıştır. Ülkemizde oldukça uzun bir dönem uygulanan parlamenter hükümet sistemi siyasi krizlere yol açarak eleştirilere sebep olmuştur. Siyaset gündemi içerisinde bu eleştirilere çözüm olarak Başkanlık hükümet sisteminin varlığı sık sık dile getirilmiş ve yapılan 2017 Anayasa değişikliği sonucunda parlamenter hükümet sistemi terk edilerek Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemi’ne geçilmiştir. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemi ile yasama, yürütme ve yargı alanında köklü değişiklikler gerçekleştirilmiş, Cumhurbaşkanlığı kararnameleri aracılığıyla yapılan yeni düzenlemelerle yönetimde istikrar ve verimliliğin arttırılması amaçlanmıştır. Literatür incelemesi yöntemine dayanılarak yapılan bu çalışmanın temel amacı hükümet sistemi değişikliği neticesinde yapılan değişikliklerin idari teşkilat üzerindeki etkilerini incelemek ve kuvvetler ayrılığı ilkesi bağlamında değerlendirmektir. Çalışmada elde edilen temel bulgu; Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sistemi’nde yapılan bazı değişikliklerin kuvvetler ayrılığına aykırılık teşkil etmesi ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı kararnamelerinin asli nitelikte bir düzenleyici işlem olmasına rağmen sınırlarının net bir şekilde belirlenmemiş olmasıdır. Bu bağlamda Anayasa değişikliği neticesinde yeniden düzenlenen yasama yürütme ve yargı organlarının yapı ve işleyişinde aksaklığa sebep olan sorunların ortadan kaldırılması gerekmektedir.

Psychological Chess: Erdoğan and the Syrian Refugee Crisis

The mosques are our barracks, the domes our helmets, the minarets our bayonets and the faithful our soldiers ...” This quote is identified as the poem read by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in 1999. The utterance of these words prompted the political figure, the Mayor of Istanbul at that time, to be arrested for inciting religious hated and jailed for four months (Mays, 2017). Erdoğan, now Turkey’s elected President, is a controversial figure who has had a long political career, serving as its longest leader and well-known on the world stage. In 2018, he was elected President under a new, constitutionally approved Presidential System of Government after serving in many other governmental roles. Erdoğan’s leadership and foreign policies have been the subject of much contention and criticism over the years. The President’s governance style has been remarked to be “autocratic” and he has been referred to as a “wolf dressed in a sheep’s clothing” (Gőrener and Ucal 2011).

Economic Management under the Presidential System of Government in Turkey: Beyond the Depoliticization versus Repoliticisation Dichotomy

ABSTRACT Passage to Presidential System of Government in Turkey in 2018 meant a leap in the state’s neoliberal transformation since the 1980s. In the economic field, this led to politicized, centralized and personalized management practices in contrast to the earlier neoliberal mottos of depoliticization, decentralization and institutionalization. This article presents a detailed critical analysis of politicized government strategies during the August 2018 currency crisis to highlight class-based historical continuities underlying this shift from depoliticization to repoliticisation. Rethinking Peter Burnham’s arguments on depoliticization, it argues that the turn towards politicization in economic management is indicative of a more fundamental depoliticization process engendered at the level of structured social relations due to enhanced capitalist subordination of state and society by financialisation in Turkey.

National Referenda in Ukraine: Main Results and Consequences

The article contains scientific interpretation of the outcomes and identification of the defining characteristics of translation into practice of the main results of the referenda, which were held in Ukraine over the period from 1991 to 2000. During the period at hand, the total of three national referenda took place in Ukraine: on 17 March, 1 December, 1991, and 16 April, 2000. The author considers the key points regarding organizing and holding of such referenda as aforesaid based on the official data and those obtained by the author. The author specifically focuses on the fact that out of the seven questions put up for the referenda only one was carried into effect - the confirmation of the Declaration of Independence Act of Ukraine (12.01.1991). The rest of the results were ignored by the authorities. Based on the example of Ukraine, the nature of the influence of both external and internal factors on general poll organization is identified for the first time in a consolidated manner. The author also presents scientific data in order to prove the idea that in the contemporary environment it is essential to adhere to democratic principles in the course of public life management and especially when addressing fundamental issues of the government administration system. In this regard, the referendum (general poll), as a most important institution of democracy, is extremely important. The article also accentuates the imperative that human rights must be respected, including, inter alia, both the right to participate in referenda (general polls) and the right to demand translation of their outcomes into practice. Furthermore, the author for the first time systemically examines organization and procedure of referenda (general polls) in Ukraine and translation of their results into practice, using forms and methods of research object scientific analysis which are traditional for political sociology. In the present paper, the author primarily uses and refers to official documents and fundamental assessments by political leaders who were involved in the process of organizing and holding referenda in Ukraine.

Revisiting the authoritarian pattern in Turkey: transition to presidential system

ABSTRACT Systems of government have been an issue that has occupied Turkish politics periodically since the transition to multi-party politics. Most political leaders from the right-wing spectrum have repeatedly advocated the transition to a presidential system, which they considered an instrument for a fast and powerful executive branch. Following the constitutional amendments in the 2017 referendum, parliamentarism was replaced with the presidential government system. However, this dispute has not been settled yet. The opposition parties claimed that the presidential system would lead to a more authoritarian political regime, while the leading political party saw the amendments as tools to prevent a coalition government and sustain political stability. Inspired by these opposing views, this study aims to reveal the authoritarian shift generated by the 2017 constitutional amendments. It focuses on empirical findings to transcend the rational interpretations of the amendments. It concludes that even the two-and-a-half-years experience of the Turkish presidential system offers tangible proof of further authoritarianism.

Konsep Negara Hukum dan Demokrasi dalam Pandangan Abdul Qahhar Mudzakkar

The research aims to find out about the conception of the state of law and democracy aspired by Abdul Qahhar Mudzakkar. The type of research used in this study is the socio-juridical type of research. Juridically because the unit of analysis in this research is an idea, the idea knows the concept. Where in what is meant is an idea Abdul Qahhar Mudzakkar about the concept of a state of law and democracy. Empirically the author sought to see the historical facts about the application of the concept correlated with the constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in the era of President Soekarno’s leadership. The results showed Abdul Qahhar Mudzakkar wanted the Indonesian state as an Islamic state with a presidential system of government while still carrying out the principles of true democracy. True democracy means Abdul Qahhar Mudzakkar is a tribute to the values of martyrdom, pluralism, and justice. This certainly requires better time, methods, and refinements if you want to be applied in a plural Indonesia.

Information Technology and Government Corruption in Developing Countries: Evidence from Ghana Customs

The literature on information technology (IT) and government corruption in developing countries indicates contradictory evidence about the realization of anti-corruption effects. So far, there is no theoretical explanation of why the anti-corruption potential of IT demonstrated in some countries is not realized in many other countries. Drawing evidence from a case study of information systems interventions at Ghana customs over 35 years, we investigate how and why IT’s anti-corruption potential may be curtailed in the context of developing countries’ governments and societies. We focus on IT-mediated petty corruption practices of street-level officers, which we consider to be socially embedded and institutionally conditioned phenomena. We find that conditions of possibility for the IT-mediated petty corruption practices are created during the implementation of information systems. The configuration of IT and organizational processes of a government agency are constrained by the broader government administration system and influenced by the vested interests of government officers, politicians, and businesses. Subsequently, the co-optation of IT for petty corruption practices is enabled by networks of relationships and institutions of patronage that extend across government, business, and society. We thus explain the often limited effects of IT on petty corruption as the inability of localized information systems implementations to change modes of government administration that are embedded in the enduring neopatrimonial institutions and politics of many developing countries.

Revisiting the authoritarian pattern in Turkey: transition to presidential system

ABSTRACT Systems of government have been an issue that has occupied Turkish politics periodically since the transition to multi-party politics. Most political leaders from the right-wing spectrum have repeatedly advocated the transition to a presidential system, which they considered an instrument for a fast and powerful executive branch. Following the constitutional amendments in the 2017 referendum, parliamentarism was replaced with the presidential government system. However, this dispute has not been settled yet. The opposition parties claimed that the presidential system would lead to a more authoritarian political regime, while the leading political party saw the amendments as tools to prevent a coalition government and sustain political stability. Inspired by these opposing views, this study aims to reveal the authoritarian shift generated by the 2017 constitutional amendments. It focuses on empirical findings to transcend the rational interpretations of the amendments. It concludes that even the two-and-a-half-years experience of the Turkish presidential system offers tangible proof of further authoritarianism.

Building local capacity for emergency coordination: establishment of subnational Public Health Emergency Operations Centres in Nigeria

Public Health Emergency Operations Centres (PHEOCs) provide a platform for multisectoral coordination and collaboration, to enhance the efficiency of outbreak response activities and enable the control of disease outbreaks. Over...

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Siyasal Sistemi

The Turkish political system, which has tried many methods from the past to the present, has tried many methods in order to prevent political crises originating from the administration. In the historical process, many management problems have been faced both in the Ottoman period and the Republican period. As a result of the problems that arose, unstable governments emerged. The search for a new government system emerged as a result of this situation. Therefore, it is seen that many new constitutions and government systems have been implemented. However, it is seen that the applied systems differ according to the other countries where they emerged. This situation arises from the unique interpretation of each system as a result of the accumulation of Turkish political culture from the past. These processes are described as the institutionalization of the Turkish political system in this study. The reason for this is that it has taken its final form after many revisions in order to solve the problems that have arisen. The historical process, which will be discussed with sub-titles, and the changes from the Ottoman period to the present are examined. The features of the current system of Turkey, the last version of which is the Presidential Government System, the functioning of the powers, and the other elements of the system are discussed in detail.

The Choice Problems Of Presidential System In Indonesia Post-Reformation

The purpose of this paper is to find out and analyze the problems of the choice of the presidential system in the post-reformation of Indonesian state administration. The research method used is normative juridical, using a statutory approach. The data used is secondary data, with primary legal material from the 1945 Constitution and other laws and regulations. The results show that the choice of a presidential government system becomes a problem when juxtaposed with the multi-party system (combined phrase of political parties) in the 1945 Constitution. The MPR in the trial between 1999 and 2002 did not choose a quasi-presidential system in the original 1945 Constitution as well as a parliamentary system and explicitly transplant the American-style presidential system of government, without paying attention to ideological reasons and the identity and traditions of the state that have been explored by the nation's founders such as Soepomo, Soekarno and Muhammad Hatta.�