Governance Processes Research Articles

Risk Mapping of COVID-19 to Create a Common Operating Picture Using Data from Wastewater Monitoring

Monitoring wastewater quality at the inlet of a wastewater treatment plant provides an overview of the health of the community connected to the respective wastewater treatment plant. Wastewater monitoring has been increasingly recognized as a valid tool in pandemic risk management, especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis. However, the results of wastewater monitoring are not yet fully utilized in the decision-making process of public governance across most of the Asia-Pacific region. This study explored the potential of geographic information systems to map the results of wastewater monitoring and provide a common operating picture for swift and informed decision-making, especially in times of disasters. By creating an online dashboard tool, we found that an additional merit of mapping wastewater monitoring is that it allows overlaying various other information, such as evacuation shelters, onto the same map. As the service areas of wastewater treatment plants, or sewersheds, are not necessarily aligned with geopolitical boundaries, mapping provides opportunities for re-calculating wastewater monitoring results at the city or district levels. The potential for recalculation is also applicable to overlayed information, indicating that information from wastewater monitoring may be used to assess disaster preparedness or multi-hazard risks. The dashboard prototype was discussed with government officials and feedback was obtained. We aim to further develop the findings so that the information from wastewater monitoring can be shared on a platform, such as the shared information platform for disaster management, in the future for effective risk governance.

STRATEGI PENERAPAN COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE DALAM PROGRAM PEDESTRIAN JALAN HOS COKROAMINOTO KABUPATEN PONOROGO

This study aims to determine the model and process of collaborative governance in the face off program Jalan Hos Cokroaminoto Ponorogo. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. Qualitative research is research that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observed behavior. The results of this study are based on the analysis and field observations that have been carried out, collaborative governance in the face off program at Jalan Hos Cokroaminoto Ponorogo. The collaborative governance model that is applied in the face off of the Hos Cokroaminoto street is carried out with all stakeholders of the organization, shops, banks, and the community itself to make pedestrians in the Hos Cokroaminoto area work together with all parties. The function of this collaboration is so that the local community of the area can prepare themselves for the changes caused by an increase in tourists in Ponorogo Regency, especially in the Face Off Hos Cokroaminoto area and can provide satisfying services for visitors.

Biometric-Driven Digital Village Governance: A SWOC-Enabled Model with Fraud Prevention

In the digital age, the integration of advanced technologies and biometrics plays a pivotal role in transforming governance models. This research introduces an innovative approach to digital village governance, leveraging the potential of biometric data in biomedical applications while incorporating robust fraud detection mechanisms. The proposed model harnesses the power of Swarm Fish Optimization Classification (SWOC) to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of biometric-based authentication systems, ensuring the security of village governance processes. The study outlines the multifaceted components of the Intelligent Digital Village Governance Model, emphasizing its adaptability to the unique needs of rural communities. Central to this model is the utilization of biometric data, such as fingerprints, for user identification, access control, and the delivery of essential services. SWOC, with an optimization and classification algorithm inspired by swarm behavior, is integrated to refine the accuracy of biometric identification and detect fraudulent activities. Experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of SWOC in enhancing the accuracy of biometric-based authentication, thereby strengthening the security of digital village governance. The model's adaptability, scalability, and compliance with ethical standards are also discussed, ensuring responsible deployment in rural settings.

Power & temporality in pursuing transformative planetary justice

ABSTRACT Planetary justice discourse has emerged as a new approach for earth system governance which centers justice concerns within a particular temporal epoch, the so-called ‘Anthropocene.’ Here, we examine the distinctive features of the planetary justice framework, focusing specifically on the importance of the temporal dimensions relevant for understanding injustices beyond humans and at the planetary scale. We use two examples – PFAS and insurance – to demonstrate how the multiscalar, beyond-human approach adopted by planetary justice scholars, coupled with the discourse’s embeddedness in existing earth system governance processes, could have meaningful influence in planetary decision-making processes. We argue that there is a need for (1) expanding the ‘pro-poor’ agenda of planetary justice research, and (2) cultivating space for inclusion of existing and alternative approaches to justice in pursuing a pluralized planetary justice. In closing, we suggest future areas of research and action for redressing power imbalances across space-time in the pursuit of planetary justice.

Evaluation of The Implementation of POJK No.4/POJK.03/2015 Concerning The Implementation of Governance for Rural Banks at PT. BPR Dana Multi Guna

Good corporate governance or GCG is an important component for all types of businesses, especially rural banks (BPR). The main objective of GCG is to safeguard the interests of stakeholders, increase productivity in the organization, and minimize risks. Financial Services Authority Regulation (POJK) No. 4/POJK.03/2015 concerning the Implementation of Governance for Rural Banks was issued by the Financial Services Authority (OJK) in 2015. The application of GCG principles in BPR, including elements of transparency, accountability, responsibility, independence, and justice, is strictly regulated in this POJK. According to this law, BPR must apply governance principles in every aspect of its business, at every level of the organization. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the extent to which rural banks (BPR) have complied with POJK No. 4/POJK.03/2015, especially related to the duties and obligations of the Board of Directors and Board of Commissioners. The purpose of this study is to collect information about the BPR governance process through interviews with PT. BPR Dana Multi Guna. After that, the data is checked and compared with related regulations to see if they are complied with. The evaluation findings show that PT. BPR Dana Multi Guna has fulfilled all directives of the Financial Services Authority regarding governance as outlined in POJK No. 4/POJK.03/2015. However, the study also reveals that rural banks should be more committed to implementing good governance and raising awareness of it. This is important so that BPR can improve performance, reduce potential risks, and safeguard the interests of stakeholders effectively.

The impact of external factors on board decision making in non-profit sport organizations

PurposePressures from non-profit sport organizations’ (NPSOs) external environment influence governance structures and processes. Thus, this study explores the impact of external factors on NPSO board decision making.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of six NPSO boards (two national, four provincial/territorial), data were collected via 36 observations, 18 interviews, and over 900 documents. A thematic analysis was conducted via NVivo 12.FindingsResults identified two external factors impacting NPSO board decision making: the sport system structure and general environment conditions. External factors impacted NPSO board decision making in terms of duration, flow, interaction, and scrutiny.Originality/valueResults demonstrate the need for NPSO boards to engage in boundary-spanning activities whereby external information sources from stakeholders are incorporated to make informed decisions. Practically, NPSO boards should harness virtual meetings to continue their operations while incorporating risk management analyses to assess threats and opportunities.

Citizen-Centric Governance: Enhancing Citizen Engagement through Artificial Intelligence Tools

The public sector presents important steps for digital transformation. Digital transformation uses a series of tools and methods to improve the relationship with citizens and improve benefits. This paper explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in governance processes and provides public institutions with insight regarding the impact of integrating chatbot communication tools when interacting with citizens. The present research provides an analysis of the socio-economic factors that determine the use of artificial intelligence tools, i.e., the propensity to interact more with the public administration as a result of improved communication through virtual assistants, and highlights the implications of AI in improving services towards civil society by determining the degree of satisfaction on aspects such as reduced waiting times in queues, access to information regardless of the traditional working hours of civil servants, quicker execution of operations, et al. The results, derived from an analysis of 507 sets of responses obtained from an online questionnaire, indicate that a number of variables, such as residential environment, employment status, household income and education level, significantly impact the effectiveness of artificial intelligence in mediating citizen communication with government.

Cryptocurrency in India: Challenges and Opportunities

- In the present time, technological progress has forced humans to use the Internet. Apart from personal work, the use of Internet has also become mandatory in the financial sector. In the economic world, from the general public to businessmen, employees and industrialists, it is a new currency. Its name is crypto currency and it is being used for more profit. In general terms, it is said that crypto currency is a digital currency. It is used for exchange or transaction by various traders and investors through the internet. No intermediary bank, financial institution, central authority is required for its exchange. In this process, there is less cost, less time and transfer is done easily. Today, the prevalence of crypto currency is increasing rapidly in the world as well as in India. Experts believe that this currency will prove to be more popular and profitable in the future. This research paper is based on the advantages, disadvantages and possibilities of crypto currency in India, in which we will study whether the Indian government's process for it is positive or negative, etc.

Governing collaborative networks in mega transport projects development: Integrative findings from 34 cases worldwide

To enhance the development of transport infrastructure, various networks characterised by cross-sector, interorganisational collaborations have been designed, structured and deployed to tackle project complexities and achieve predefined objectives. However, these endeavours have received limited scrutiny in prior studies. To address this gap and gain novel insights, we conduct a multi-case review of 34 mega transport projects (MTPs) across 14 countries and regions from the perspective of network-based collaboration governance. Three communal complexities that trigger the governance demand for collaborative networks are first identified, followed by an evaluation of their relationships with network structures and governance mechanisms. The findings reveal a multi-level structure within collaborative networks encompassing collaborative governance, financial governance and interorganisational governance, each of which involves distinct governance structures, processes and orchestrators. Following the above-mentioned analysis, we propose an integrative framework to underpin the typology for collaborative network governance, which enables MTPs to improve cross-sector, interorganisational collaboration. Furthermore, these findings consolidate the knowledge base for MTP development, providing a cross-disciplinary platform to guide developed, developing and undeveloped topics and the related discourse in this important field of academic endeavour.

Governing Urban Climate Resilience (UCR): Systems, Agents, and Institutions in Shanghai, China

Climate change and urbanization intersect with escalating danger. Urban areas significantly contribute to climate change, which, in turn, poses severe threats to urban settings. The frequency and intensity of extreme events, like flooding and heat, are rising, with the need to enhance urban climate resilience (UCR) becoming more immediate. Scholarship tends to underrepresent general climate resilience in favor of specific hazards. This research seeks to contribute to the literature by exploring the case of Shanghai, China, discovering the mechanisms and characteristics of UCR governance, and examining how these outcomes are formed from a comparative gesture. The findings indicate that in Shanghai, 36.8% and 26.8% of climate resilience governance strategies are reflected in regional management and infrastructure construction led by the Water Affairs Bureau and the Meteorological Bureau. Furthermore, 30.6% of the strategies relate to the Water Affairs Bureau, showcasing a robust and integrated flood response. Meanwhile, 15.7% involve the Meteorological Bureau, boosting responses to high temperatures with better monitoring and early warning for increased flexibility and efficiency. Distinct governance processes for floods and extreme heat mirror these hazards’ inherent characteristics and societal perceptions. With strong government willingness and support, Shanghai has rapidly enhanced its flood resilience capabilities within a brief timeframe. Conversely, addressing the emerging risk of extreme heat is still in the early stages of evaluation, due to the lack of a clear disaster-bearing system and identified responsible agents. This research suggests that the future of climate resilience governance in Shanghai may emphasize identifying the characteristics of critical climate-related risks, expanding social autonomy through grassroots self-governance, procuring economic backing from the central government, and applying the tool of urban spatial planning.

Fast-tracking action on the Sustainable Development Goals by enhancing national institutional arrangements.

Six years remain to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Despite some progress, institutional effectiveness for SDG achievement has not been delivered at a national level. Identification and establishment of an institutional framework to operationalise the 2030 Agenda within national plans, giving science-based coordination of SDG implementation a central role, is urgently required to accelerate progress. This paper tackles this challenge. Drawing on literature analysis, it asks: 1) What are the deficiencies in institutional national arrangements that hinder SDG implementation? 2) How can existing institutional deficiencies in SDG implementation be addressed? and 3) How can institutional changes support fast-tracking of SDG implementation processes at national level? Findings show that country-specific horizontal institutional arrangements are usually advanced. However, national visions to improve mainstreaming across decision-making at different levels to enable whole-of-government and whole-of-society approaches to SDG implementation are commonly under-developed. Deficiencies are due to poor systematic engagement of scientific and technical expertise in operational day-to-day communication, as well as in the design, validation, implementation, monitoring and reporting of domestic SDG-related multi-stakeholder actions. Vertical institutional arrangements are complex, and risk resource-consuming, uncoordinated implementation. Our analyses suggest countries may benefit from establishing a national, centralised independent scientific and technical coordinating body for SDG implementation at national level, within existing science-based institutional arrangements. Such a body would not be led by governmental processes but would provide technical support to government agencies. We argue that scientific and technical skills in data and information management and quality control are central to coordinated and evidence-informed support, and could help to accelerate national SDG implementation. Such a supporting body would also enable a more joined-up approach between stakeholders working in the areas of science and technology, government and practice, improving orchestrated science-based actions and their auditing across sectors and stakeholder communities at national and sub-national levels. It would further guide actions to reduce trade-offs within national sustainable development aspirations, and would facilitate consideration of diverse values in advancing towards a durable and just transformative future. Such efforts are vital given the rapidly closing window of time for SDG achievement.

Good Governance and Student Politics in Public University Campuses: Bangladesh Perspective

Student political role is the most crucial and dominant in the history of the birth of Bangladesh. Despite having its glorious past in the birth of Bangladesh and bringing many historical political changes towards democracy and good governance, Student politics is now shriveling up the good governance and academic environment with violent and parochial political culture. However, with the passage of time, student politics is gradually losing its historical importance and legitimacy as political violence and brutality become part of its regular activities. Student political violence is a nationwide problem in Bangladesh, public college and university campuses are occupying the forefront of this issue. But despite the multitude of strategies aimed at achieving effective governance in public educational institutions, the level of success attained remains less than desirable. This paper intends to emphasize the student political scenario on the basis of the normative scale of good governance. Among many spheres of student politics in Bangladesh, this paper will analyses the scenario of public university campuses, where student politics have a distinct political structure from off-campus student politics. This paper will conduct a qualitative analysis to inquire about the status of good governance in these campuses and how student political violence and parochial culture deter good governance in those institutions and later impact the national good governance process. The research paper suggests that to ensure efficient, good governance on campus and at the national level, the current pattern of student politics has to be revised rigorously. To increase the chances of good governance in Bangladesh, a realistic policy needs to be developed for student politics and university authorities.

Keefektifan Implementasi Tata Kelola Teknologi Informasi Terhadap Bidang Pendidikan Berdasarkan Model Pengukuran Cobit 5: A Systematic Literature Review

To effectively implement information technology governance in educational institutions and achieve desired outcomes, the COBIT 5 framework presents itself as a valuable tool. COBIT 5 offers comprehensive services for managing resources and overseeing information technology governance processes. In this study, the author employs the Systematic Literature Review method to gather a diverse array of data pertaining to the COBIT 5 framework's application within educational contexts. The research findings delve into several key areas, including the utilization of COBIT 5 to enhance and bolster human resources within the education sector, its efficacy in educational settings, and its impact on educational quality standards. This study contributes novel insights by examining the multifaceted role of the COBIT 5 framework specifically within the realm of educational institutions. By exploring its application in enhancing human resources, effectiveness, and educational quality, this research offers valuable perspectives for educators and IT governance professionals seeking to leverage COBIT 5 for optimized educational outcomes.

Tourism Development Policy in Tomini Bay Area Gorontalo, Indonesia

This study is intended to describe all local government problems in tourism development policies in the Tomini Bay area of Gorontalo. It outlines dynamic capability collaboration, relational perspectives, and resource-based theory to explain mechanisms and dynamics. The results of this study require collaboration, innovation, and integration of the interests of stakeholders of various parties in the development of a sustainable and innovative regional system. The tourism sector is one of the opportunities to increase local income. However, this has experienced constraints on aspects of local culture that are still attached to community customs, other things such as involvement and empowerment, education, technical guidance of the community that stand out in tourist destination services. This encourages local governments to continue to develop the tourism sector in improving community welfare. This study obtained novelty of new study findings in tourism development policy by the Gorontalo local government, namely the need for the role of stakeholders still requires the synergy of various parties in the Penta helix perspective (academics, business, community, government, and media). The collaborative governance process through face-to-face dialogue, trust building, commitment to the process, shared understanding, and intermediate outcomes has contributed positively in accelerating the development and promotion of digital platform-based tourism potential.
 Keywords: policy, development, tourism, collaboration

Developing outdoor spaces for work and study—an explorative place-making process

IntroductionThe development of outdoor spaces for work and study is part of a larger transition toward sustainable communities, which can take advantage of more flexible ways of organizing everyday life. Governance processes supported by physical spatial changes have the potential to bring together various actors and experts for local development. The aim of this study was to explore the possibilities of developing outdoor spaces for work and study in a collaborative process.MethodsThe study involved an upper secondary school, a local government administration, local businesses and research. The process took place in a South-Swedish small town and included developing outdoor areas for tasks traditionally carried out indoors, participatory workshops and meetings followed up through questionnaires and interviews.ResultsOverall, the introduction of outdoor places was positively evaluated, but engagement varied across actors and over time, and a number of obstacles and challenges in the process were identified.DiscussionThe study showed how vital it is to anchor ideas for place-making locally and having key persons in leading positions with allocated time to support the process. It also indicates how decisive spatial changes can be and how important it is that any physical intervention becomes an integrated part of a wider local process in order to make an imprint on local life and pedagogical practice.

Strava Metro Data

The widespread adoption of mobile phone and other location-tracking devices, and the enormous amounts of data they produce, has provided municipalities with the opportunity to automate previously time-consuming and labour-intensive data collection processes. Municipal planners, in particular, have begun to integrate the aggregated data sets of private urban technology platforms into active transportation and broader infrastructure planning initiatives. To date, however, there has been limited research on the implications of this integration for municipal decision-making and governance processes. Using the Strava Metro data stream and its free-access model as a case study, this paper explores both the motivations behind municipal adoption of the Strava platform and the benefits that accrue from its usage. Through the application of a mixed methods approach, including the building of a use case database via a search of internet and academic literature sources and qualitative interviews with municipal planning staff, our research examines how Strava data is used to support the work of municipal planners and evaluates the strengths and weaknesses of that use. Our study finds that Strava Metro data aided municipal staff in the planning of cycling and pedestrian infrastructure, complementing available in-house data sets; helped spur new active transportation initiatives; and enabled innovation and professional curiosity on the part of planners. The paper concludes by exploring the ramifications of Strava data for community wellness and broader public realm improvements, as well as extending a discussion with respect to the platform’s sociodemographic representativeness and related limitations.

IMPACTOS AMBIENTALES Y GOBERNANZA DE LOS RECURSOS NATURALES EN LA PRODUCCIÓN DE CERÁMICA ROJA

The red ceramic industries are the main suppliers of raw materials for civil construction in Brazil. Thus, this article aims to analyze the environmental impacts and governance of this production in the municipality of Paudalho-PE. It becomes extremely important due to the need to understand the relationship between environmental degradation and the various interests of the actors involved in the production process (public, private and civil society), thus contributing to favoring the environmental management of the segment. To this end, field research was carried out in impacted areas, interviews with employees, union representatives and local residents. The technique of constellation analysis was used to understand the governance and existing conflicts between the elements of the ceramic sector, together with the mixed method, as it considers the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the phenomena. It is observed that the governance processes in the territory are partial or non-existent, however the integration of direct producers and the controllers of the production process of the potteries have asymmetrical power relations, where profit and market interests predominate to the detriment of labor rights and environmental. Therefore, governance as a theoretical and practical tool contributes to the sustainable production of red ceramic industries in compliance with legal aspects.

Emerging attributes of adaptive governance in the global south

Adaptive governance is widely considered an effective approach to address the complexities and uncertainties of socio-ecological systems. The application of adaptive governance to sustainable environmental governance in the global south has not been sufficiently explored. There is a gap in the literature in the global south, especially given its conceptual roots in the global north. A number of reviews identified some key conceptual and practical gaps related to adaptive governance principles and the challenges to implementing them. To address this gap, this paper presents a systematic literature review of adaptive governance scholarship focused on the global south published between 2003 and 2022. The review discusses adaptive governance’s key principles and framings, as well as the challenges of implementing it in the global south. This paper examines the factors that influence the emergence of adaptive governance and how this framing has been used to understand effective environmental governance within the global south’s diverse socio-political and institutional settings. The review specifically focuses on Africa and South Asia, which are densely populated with limited financial and institutional capacity. Sustainable environmental governance is crucial in these regions not only for the wellbeing of the population, but also for the health of the planet. A review of adaptive governance scholarship identified emerging attributes that improve government structures and processes, as well as proposed attributes that would minimize challenges and improve adaptive capacity. The key emerging attributes are formal and informal networks, social learning, community engagement and proposed attributes are flexible, integrated and participatory institutional governance, inclusive decision making, context-specific strategies, accountability, and capacity development. These attributes provide a framework for adaptive governance scholarship for examining different governance structures and processes in different socio-ecological systems. This paper concludes with a framework for future research that can facilitate adaptive governance in the context of sustainable environmental management in the global south.

The Application of Cobit 5.0 Framework to Measure Capability of Information and Technology Governance and Management Processes

This study examines the measurement of Information Technology governance and management capability levels using Cobit 5.0. Researchers collected data through questionnaires and interviews. Data processing from questionnaires and interviews can reveal the company's current level. In the EDM domain, the company scored very high in the process that addresses information technology risk optimization. Regular evaluation of business processes is crucial to create alignment and deal with possible risks. To move up to level two, companies must identify and understand the impact of the risks that arise. Companies should enhance their information technology services and security within the domain, perform audits, and report current and future risks. In this domain, companies must identify service capacity, predict future needs, and be ready to face sudden changes. In the DSS domain, companies need to have information system analysis experts conduct training for their staff, identify availability and service problems, and test the ability of their systems to move up to level two.

Linked Open Government Data: Still a Viable Option for Sharing and Integrating Public Data?

Linked Data (LD) principles, when applied to Open Government Data (OGD), aim to make government data accessible and interconnected, unlocking its full potential and facilitating widespread reuse. As a modular and scalable solution to fragmented government data, Linked Open Government Data (LOGD) improve citizens’ understanding of government functions while promoting greater data interoperability, ultimately leading to more efficient government processes. However, despite promising developments in the early 2010s, including the release of LOGD datasets by some government agencies, and studies and methodological proposals by numerous scholars, a cursory examination of government websites and portals suggests that interest in this technology has gradually waned. Given the initial expectations surrounding LOGD, this paper goes beyond a superficial analysis and provides a deeper insight into the evolution of interest in LOGD by raising questions about the extent to which the dream of LD has influenced the reality of OGD and whether it remains sustainable.