Governance In Korea Research Articles

Institutionalization of Party Political Democracy and the Challenges of Stable Governance in South Korea

More than 20 years have passed since the democratic transition of South Korea in 1987. South Korea exemplifies a successful case of democratic consolidation. After the transition, five presidents have been elected through free, fair, and periodic elections and have experienced no disruptions to their political tenure. Several meaningful power transfers have occurred in South Korea as well. The election of Young Sam Kim represented a power transfer from a president with a former military background to a genuine civilian political leader. The election of Dae

Entrepreneurial States: Reforming Corporate Governance in France, Japan, and Korea

Entrepreneurial States: Reforming Corporate Governance in France, Japan, and Korea

Medical Research Governance in Korea: The New Bioethics and Biosafety Amendment Bill (Draft 17-8353), or ‘Inertia Reiterated’

Medical Research Governance in Korea: The New Bioethics and Biosafety Amendment Bill (Draft 17-8353), or ‘Inertia Reiterated’

Financial governance and policy learning in Korea: analysing the post-crisis experience

The purpose of this project is to explore the response of the Korean authorities to the fallout from the financial crisis that began in the fall of 1997. The project is situated in the domestic and international political economy and examines how the Korean government adjusted to practices in global finance and commerce. What is being examined at a practical level is to what extent has there been policy learning about financial policy governance within the Korean state since the 1997 financial collapse. The article concludes that there has not been enough political, social and institutional development in financial governance to accompany the purely economic advances.

Entrepreneurial States: Reforming Corporate Governance in France, Japan and Korea – By Yves Tiberghien

Entrepreneurial States: Reforming Corporate Governance in France, Japan and Korea – By Yves Tiberghien

Citizen Views of Globalization and State Governance in Korea

The purpose of this paper is to delineate the major characteristics of South Korea's globalization governance, utilizing two waves of the Asian Barometer (hereafter AB) survey. The first AB (N=1,500) survey was conducted in 2003 and the second (N=1,212) was conducted in 2006. The AB 2003 survey includes seven countries in Asia, such as China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Singapore. This paper examines Korean public attitudes toward globalization, national identity, and perception of the state capacity with respect of globalization, along with socio-economic attributes of respondents. To what extent does the mass public of Korea support various kinds of globalization? Does their support for government's role tend to converge in the same direction or diverge? Using descriptive statistics of indicators of 2003 and 2006 AB survey and variables, this study shows that, in spite of globalization, many Koreans still believe the state plays a more active role in economic situation. Strong nation-based identity tends to make more Koreans to hold the view that state should keep its capacity autonomously to control foreign products.

Reforming school governance in Taiwan and South Korea

Purpose – The article aims to use the globalization theory and the implications of democratization for social policy to analyze the school governance reforms in Taiwan and South Korea.Design/methodology/approach – The article describes the main features of decentralization policy in the school sectors in the two societies with a historical review of their democratic transition and educational reforms during the 1990s. It then classifies decentralization into two categories, namely managerial decentralization and societal decentralization, by conceptualizing their context, rationales and policy instruments. It closes by considering the implications of Taiwan's and South Korea's experiences for educational decentralization and education reforms.Findings – It is found that in Taiwan there is a comprehensive and institutionalized empowerment of teachers and parents but full institutionalization of involvement of the school community is still in progress in South Korea.Originality/value – This article reviews ...

The Politics of NGOs and Democratic Governance in South Korea and Japan

The growing number of non‐governmental organizations (NGOs) is fundamentally reshaping the balance of power and the roles of NGOs in democratic governance in Japanese and Korean politics, but in distinctive ways. Korean advocacy NGOs influence policymaking by focusing on politics at the center, while Japanese NGOs achieve influence by focusing on local politics. Whereas Korean NGOs tend to be contentious and politicized, Japanese NGOs adopt more pragmatic and cooperative stances. What factors explain these significant differences in the character of NGOs and the patterns of their participation in democratic politics in Japan and Korea? This paper argues that the effects of the historical development of civil society are essential components to any explanation of the patterns of NGOs’ relations with the government and the public and their organizational structure and strategies. Civic associations in both countries have both exploited and been empowered by developments in party politics, the public's receptiveness to NGOs, and state actors’ attitudes toward NGOs. By comparing NGOs in Japan and Korea, this paper aims to enhance our understanding of the similarities and differences in both countries’ civil societies, as well as of the factors that have led to these distinctive patterns of NGO politics.

Corporate Governance in Korea: A Decade after the Financial Crisis

Korea has significantly improved its quality of corporate governance since the 1997 financial crisis. Most notable are improved corporate transparency, better alignment of managerial incentives to shareholder value, and more effective oversight by the board. A number of players also have emerged as key external monitors and enforcers of good governance. There remain, however, substantial differences between non-chaebol and chaebol affiliated firms and also across chaebol. This paper describes these differences and the current state of Korean corporate governance.

Corporate governance, regulatory changes, and corporate restructuring in Korea, 1993–2004

What has triggered the big wave of corporate restructuring around the world since the 1980s? The dominant explanations have attributed it to the changes in corporate governance and business environments. Based on these research streams, we investigated the roles of governance factors, such as business group affiliation, domestic institutional ownership, and foreign ownership in corporate restructuring of Korean firms, and continued to examine the effects of changes in regulatory environments regarding corporate governance after the financial crisis. We argue that the effectiveness of governance factors on firms’ activities is bound to the institutional context created by government regulations. An empirical study was conducted on a panel of 251 Korean firms during 1993–2004. Results show that institutional ownership and regulatory changes in corporate governance had significantly influenced Korean firms’ restructuring. Regulatory changes have positively moderated the relationship between business group affiliation and restructuring, and between institutional ownership and restructuring.

Competition and Corporate Governance in Korea: Reforming and Restructuring The Chaebol. Edited By Sung-Hee Jwa and in Kwon Lee. Northhampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2004. 304 pp. $110.00. Cloth.

Competition and Corporate Governance in Korea: Reforming and Restructuring The Chaebol. Edited By Sung-Hee Jwa and in Kwon Lee. Northhampton, MA: Edward Elgar, 2004. 304 pp. $110.00. Cloth.

The Judiciary's Role in Good Governance in Korea

This paper will focus on the role that the judiciary has played in improving public sector governance in Korea. It will argue that the increased level of enforcement has become a cornerstone for the consolidation of rule of law and good governance. The paper will concentrate particularly on enforcement through the level of judicial sentencing against senior public officials who have committed violations in two areas: campaign financing and election laws, and anti-corruption laws. The paper focuses on the judicial treatment that senior public officials such as National Assembly persons or senior bureaucrats have received under the legal system. In the end, the paper will offer some comparative lessons that can be learned from the Korean experience.

Historicization of Homeless Spaces: The Seoul Train Station Square and the House of Freedom

This paper historicizes "deserving" citizenship of South Korea by tracing spatial changes and meanings of two places: Seoul Train Station Square and a former textile factory renovated to a homeless shelter. Both have been emblematic space where the most homeless people were populated since the break of the Asian Debt Crisis. However, each place embodies different history of "deserving" citizenship in a complementary way. The square, a politically charged literary and physical topography, became a location of protecting "normal" citizen from potentially violent homeless people. The factory, a spatial marker for the state regulation of laborer, became a site to promote the benevolent image of welfare state for protecting homeless people through a demarcation of short-term street living people—as "deserving" homeless citizens—from long term street living people. The embedded history in two places would be the transition of developmental state towards the welfare state that shifted its capitalist state focus from labor/economic policies to welfare policy: neoliberalization of state governance in South Korea. In concrete, this paper examines how homeless people emerged as new welfare subjects in an urban landscape; how only short-term street living people were selected as proper; how various social agents were involved in the process of implementing homeless policies; and how dualistic capitalist control over labor power, such as regular workers and surplus laborer, was imposed.

The Politics of Preschool Education Vouchers in Taiwan

Previous articleNext article No AccessThe Politics of Preschool Education Vouchers in TaiwanMing‐sho HoMing‐sho Ho Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Comparative Education Review Volume 50, Number 1February 2006 Sponsored by the Comparative and International Education Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/498329 Views: 60Total views on this site Citations: 14Citations are reported from Crossref © 2006 by the Comparative and International Education Society. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Yuki Uchida, Tetsuo Ono Generational conflict and education politics: Implications for growth and welfare, Journal of Macroeconomics 69 (Sep 2021): 103315.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmacro.2021.103315Gail Yuen, Mei Seung Lam Mothers' experiences of a voucher scheme within the context of Hong Kong's early education: Issues of affordability and justice, Children and Youth Services Review 82 (Nov 2017): 185–194.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.09.030Eva E. Chen, Hui Li Early Childhood Education in Taiwan, (Jan 2017): 217–232.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1004-4_13Suzannie K. Y. Leung, Eva E. Chen An Examination and Evaluation of Postmillennial Early Childhood Education Policies in Taiwan, (Sep 2016): 245–262.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1528-1_11Ester J. de Jong, Zhuo Li, Aliya M. Zafar, Chiu-Hui (Vivian) Wu Language policy in multilingual contexts: Revisiting Ruiz’s “language-as-resource” orientation, Bilingual Research Journal 39, no.3-43-4 (Nov 2016): 200–212.https://doi.org/10.1080/15235882.2016.1224988Suzannie K. Y. Leung Evaluating the Free Early Childhood Education Policies in Taiwan with the 3A2S Framework, International Journal of Chinese Education 3, no.22 (Jan 2021): 268–289.https://doi.org/10.1163/22125868-12340040I-Fang Lee Assemblages of Quality Early Childhood Education and Care in the Cross-Taiwan Strait Geopolitical Space in Asia, International Review of Qualitative Research 7, no.11 (May 2014): 80–92.https://doi.org/10.1525/irqr.2014.7.1.80Ka Ho Mok, Kar Ming Yu, Yeun-wen Ku After massification: the quest for entrepreneurial universities and technological advancement in Taiwan, Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 35, no.33 (Jun 2013): 264–279.https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2013.786857Belinda J. Hardin, Hsuan-Fang Hung A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Services for Young Children with Disabilities Using the ACEI Global Guidelines Assessment (GGA), Early Childhood Education Journal 39, no.22 (Feb 2011): 103–114.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-011-0448-yMing-sho Ho, Jane Hindley The Humanist Challenge in Taiwan's Education: Liberation, Social Justice and Ecology, Capitalism Nature Socialism 22, no.11 (Mar 2011): 76–94.https://doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2010.546653William Yat Wai Lo Decentralization of higher education and its implications for educational autonomy in Taiwan, Asia Pacific Journal of Education 30, no.22 (Jun 2010): 127–139.https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791003721572Gail Yuen, Susan Grieshaber Parents' Choice of Early Childhood Education Services in Hong Kong: A Pilot Study about Vouchers, Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood 10, no.33 (Sep 2009): 263–279.https://doi.org/10.2304/ciec.2009.10.3.263Hui Li, Jessie Ming Sin Wong, X. Christine Wang Early childhood education voucher in Hong Kong: Perspectives from online communities, International Journal of Early Childhood 40, no.22 (Oct 2008): 49–63.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03165839Ka Ho Mok, William Yat Wai Lo, Ja Oek Gu Reforming school governance in Taiwan and South Korea, International Journal of Educational Management 22, no.66 (Aug 2008): 506–526.https://doi.org/10.1108/09513540810895435

The Politics of Preschool Education Vouchers in Taiwan

Previous articleNext article No AccessThe Politics of Preschool Education Vouchers in TaiwanMing‐sho HoMing‐sho Ho Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Comparative Education Review Volume 50, Number 1February 2006 Sponsored by the Comparative and International Education Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/498329 Views: 64Total views on this site Citations: 15Citations are reported from Crossref © 2006 by the Comparative and International Education Society. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Bryn Thomas, Chuing Prudence Chou The motivations of foreign teachers in Taiwan’s private preschool institutions, International Journal of Research Studies in Education 12, no.11 (Feb 2023).https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrse.2023.6Yuki Uchida, Tetsuo Ono Generational conflict and education politics: Implications for growth and welfare, Journal of Macroeconomics 69 (Sep 2021): 103315.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmacro.2021.103315Gail Yuen, Mei Seung Lam Mothers' experiences of a voucher scheme within the context of Hong Kong's early education: Issues of affordability and justice, Children and Youth Services Review 82 (Nov 2017): 185–194.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.09.030Eva E. Chen, Hui Li Early Childhood Education in Taiwan, (Jan 2017): 217–232.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1004-4_13Suzannie K. Y. Leung, Eva E. Chen An Examination and Evaluation of Postmillennial Early Childhood Education Policies in Taiwan, (Sep 2016): 245–262.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1528-1_11Ester J. de Jong, Zhuo Li, Aliya M. Zafar, Chiu-Hui (Vivian) Wu Language policy in multilingual contexts: Revisiting Ruiz’s “language-as-resource” orientation, Bilingual Research Journal 39, no.3-43-4 (Nov 2016): 200–212.https://doi.org/10.1080/15235882.2016.1224988Suzannie K. Y. Leung Evaluating the Free Early Childhood Education Policies in Taiwan with the 3A2S Framework, International Journal of Chinese Education 3, no.22 (Jan 2021): 268–289.https://doi.org/10.1163/22125868-12340040I-Fang Lee Assemblages of Quality Early Childhood Education and Care in the Cross-Taiwan Strait Geopolitical Space in Asia, International Review of Qualitative Research 7, no.11 (May 2014): 80–92.https://doi.org/10.1525/irqr.2014.7.1.80Ka Ho Mok, Kar Ming Yu, Yeun-wen Ku After massification: the quest for entrepreneurial universities and technological advancement in Taiwan, Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 35, no.33 (Jun 2013): 264–279.https://doi.org/10.1080/1360080X.2013.786857Belinda J. Hardin, Hsuan-Fang Hung A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Services for Young Children with Disabilities Using the ACEI Global Guidelines Assessment (GGA), Early Childhood Education Journal 39, no.22 (Feb 2011): 103–114.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-011-0448-yMing-sho Ho, Jane Hindley The Humanist Challenge in Taiwan's Education: Liberation, Social Justice and Ecology, Capitalism Nature Socialism 22, no.11 (Mar 2011): 76–94.https://doi.org/10.1080/10455752.2010.546653William Yat Wai Lo Decentralization of higher education and its implications for educational autonomy in Taiwan, Asia Pacific Journal of Education 30, no.22 (Jun 2010): 127–139.https://doi.org/10.1080/02188791003721572Gail Yuen, Susan Grieshaber Parents' Choice of Early Childhood Education Services in Hong Kong: A Pilot Study about Vouchers, Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood 10, no.33 (Sep 2009): 263–279.https://doi.org/10.2304/ciec.2009.10.3.263Hui Li, Jessie Ming Sin Wong, X. Christine Wang Early childhood education voucher in Hong Kong: Perspectives from online communities, International Journal of Early Childhood 40, no.22 (Oct 2008): 49–63.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03165839Ka Ho Mok, William Yat Wai Lo, Ja Oek Gu Reforming school governance in Taiwan and South Korea, International Journal of Educational Management 22, no.66 (Aug 2008): 506–526.https://doi.org/10.1108/09513540810895435

Evaluation of the ocean governance system in Korea

Abstract Considering the small land, dense population and poor natural resources, the oceans are important to Korea, but the recognition of oceans has been weak in Korean society. So ocean governance was fragmented in both institution and policies, which resulted in serious problems in the coastal waters and oceans. However, a series of maritime accidents and failures of policies increased the recognition of the coastal waters and resources and led to the establishment of one single ocean-related governmental agency in 1996. Over the last decade, the ocean governance in Korea has been successful and strong. The purpose of this article is to evaluate ocean governance and to discuss opportunities and constraints to oceans policy in Korea, with policy implication that can be shared by the international oceans communities.

Housing poverty and the role of urban governance in Korea

Housing poverty and the role of urban governance in Korea

Housing poverty and the role of urban governance in Korea

This paper describes how South Korea’s rapid economic growth failed to produce solutions to housing problems in urban areas. In 2000, nearly onequarter of all households lived in accommodation that did not meet minimum standards in terms of floor space and basic facilities. Many households live in single rooms in illegal or sub-standard lodgings, or in houses built of vinyl and thin wooden boards; most such accommodation lacks basic facilities. Very few housing options are available to low-income households in Seoul. This, combined with democratization and the increasing gap in housing conditions between the rich and the poor, has contributed to an increasingly vocal civil society, making the governance of settlements a major political issue over the last decade. The ineffectiveness of past and current government policies suggests the need for a conceptual change in government’s approach to improving housing conditions for lower-income groups. In the Korean context, since the late 1990s, the enabling approach has begun to be seen as more important than other approaches, in part because it conforms with, but also requires, democratic participation.

Voluntary associations, social capital, and civil society in comparative perspective: South Korea and Sweden

People organize and participate in voluntary associations since voluntary associations provide social capital, such as norms of reciprocity, citizenship, social trust, and networks of social relations. Comparative analysis of voluntary associations in South Korea and Sweden reveals, first, that voluntary associations have played an important role in providing services, enhancing expressive functions, and in bringing a new sense of participatory democracy in Korea as well as in Sweden. Second, the civil society sector has been a major actor in governance in Korea and Sweden. The growth of voluntary associations in Korea reflects their increasing role and capacity, as has been in Sweden. Third, however, the character and strength of civil society are different in Korea and Sweden, because the ways in which voluntary associations are structured are different and the interests they provide vary across societies. Most striking difference is that Swedish civil society has been mainly constituted by formal primary economic associations, while Korean civil society has been constituted by informal affective linkage groups. Fourth, the organizing capacity of the voluntary sector can differentiate Korean civil society from the Nordic civil society more clearly. Finally, the Korean civil society need more active participation of citizens as members or volunteers in order to become an entity of organized civil society to create and enhance social capital.

Democratic Governance in South Korea: The Perspectives of Ordinary Citizens and Their Elected Representatives

The accumulation of all powers, legislative, executive, and judiciary, in the same hands, whether of one, a few, or many, and whether hereditary, self-appointed, or elective, may justly be pronounced the very definition of tyranny. (James Madison, 1788)Democracy is not only a (polyarchical) political regime but also a particular mode of relationship between state and citizens, and among citizens themselves, under a kind of rule of law that, in addition to political citizenship, upholds civil citizenship and a full net work of accountability. (Guillermo O'Donnell, 1999b)