Good Time Research Articles

Two-dimensional calculation model for hazardous substances formation in combustion products of a spark-ignition engine

Introduction (problem statement and relevance). Improvement of environmental parameters of internal combustion engines is one of the most relevant tasks of the domestic transport engineering. Calculation support allows reducing the time and raising the efficiency of works for refining of the bench work process in order to meet the required parameters. The paper is devoted to development of a two-dimensional calculation model for hazardous substances formation in combustion products of spark-ignition engines based on the non-equilibrium kinetic models of formation of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.Methodology and research methods. Computational methods for differential equations (ordinary and partial ones) are applied. Non-equilibrium kinetics of hazardous substances formation in combustion products is considered. The work process is calculated based on a combination of the mesh control-volume method and determination of the observable flame rate based on the experimental data (taking into account the development stage of the flame source).Scientific novelty and results. The new calculation method for flame propagation in the spark-ignition engine is suggested. The developed model combines such advantages as good predictability and short time of calculation.Practical significance. The model can be applied, in particular, to preliminary planning of three-dimensional calculations of the work process or their check in the absence of experimental data (at the stage of preliminary/concept design). The calculation results can be used as initial data for modeling of the exhaust gas aftertreatment (additional purification) system.

Transformation of the value and sense sphere of the cadets from higher education institutions with specific study conditions for police training

The importance of personal value orientations for determining the motives of behaviour has been demonstrated. The changes in the polystructural value orientations of the cadets from higher education institutions with specific study conditions for police training under the influence of quarantine measures and martial law have been studied. The study was carried out on the basis of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs. The methodology of polystructural value orientations of personality by S. Bubnov and the U-criterion of Mann-Whitney were used in the study.
 It has been demonstrated that cadets’ value orientations related to active interaction with society under the influence of COVID-19 quarantine restrictions have decreased in importance. The most important value orientations for the cadets were the following: “having good time, leisure”, “recognition and respect by people and influence on others”, “help and mercy to other people”. The least important for them were such value orientations as “search for beauty”, “social activity to achieve positive changes in society”, “discovering new things in the world, nature, and people”, and “communication”. The value orientation “health” took an insignificant place in the structure of values.
 It has been shown that such value orientations as “having good time, leisure”, “high-income”, “recognition and respect by people and influence on others” have become less important for cadets under martial law. The most resistant to the influences of the social situation of personality development among the surveyed cadets were such polystructural value orientations as “having good time, leisure”, “recognition and respect by people and influence on others”, and “love”.
 After being under martial law, certain personal value orientations of cadets have become less important than they were in the so-called pre-martial law period, namely: “having good time, leisure”; “high-income”, “recognition and respect by people and influence on others”, “search for beauty”.

Estimation of PM2.5 Hourly Concentration in Sichuan Province Based on GTWR-XGBoost Model

Aerosol optical depths of satellites and meteorological factors have been widely used to estimate concentrations of surface particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm. Research on a high time resolution and high-precision PM2.5 concentration estimation method is of great significance for timely and accurate air quality prediction and air pollution prevention and mitigation. Himawari-8 AOD hour product and ERA5 meteorological reanalysis data were used as estimation variables, and a GTWR-XGBoost combined model was proposed to estimate hourly PM2.5 concentration in Sichuan Province. The results showed that:① the performance of the proposed combination model was better than that of the KNN, RF, AdaBoost, GTWR, GTWR-KNN, GTWR-RF, and GTWR-AdaBoost models in the full dataset; the fitting accuracy indexes R2, MAE, and RMSE were 0.96, 3.43 μg·m-3, and 5.52 μg·m-3, respectively; and the verification accuracy indexes R2, MAE, and RMSE were 0.9, 4.98 μg·m-3, and 7.92 μg·m-3, respectively. ② The model had a high goodness of fit (R2 of the whole dataset was 0.96, and R2 of different times ranged from 0.91 to 0.98) when applied to the estimation of PM2.5 concentration hour. It showed that the model had good time stability for hourly estimation and could provide accurate estimation information for regional air quality assessment. ③ In terms of time, the annual average PM2.5hourly concentration estimation showed an inverted U-shaped trend. It began to increase gradually at 09:00 am to a peak of 44.56 μg·m-3 at 11:00 and then gradually decreased. Moreover, the seasonal variation was very obvious, with winter>spring>autumn>summer. ④ In terms of spatial distribution, it showed the characteristics of high in the east and low in the west and a high degree of local pollution.

A novel fast timing detector based on the double micro-mesh gaseous structure with reflective photocathode

Fast timing detectors play an important role in high energy physics, medical imaging and other fields. In view of wider applications and potential in the future, new detector technologies need to be investigated. A novel detection concept of fast timing based on the double micro-mesh gaseous structure with a reflective photocathode (FT-DMM) is introduced in light of its good time resolution and long-term operation. A sufficient number of photoelectrons (PEs) and a time resolution of better than 300 picoseconds (ps) for single photoelectron (SPE) are obtained by simulations, suggesting that an overall time resolution better than 100ps is feasible. The FT-DMM prototype was fabricated and tested using ultraviolet (UV) light. The gas gain can reach up to 106, while the measured time resolution of SPE is consistent with the simulated one. Furthermore, a time resolution of approximately 115ps was achieved at an average number of PEs of 5.9, and better time resolution can be expected as more PEs to be generated. These results confirm the good potential of FT-DMM as a fast timing detector for charged particle and UV light detection.

Fabrication of molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors for sensitive codeine detection

Codeine (COD) is a natural opiate alkaloid obtained from hashish or prepared by methylation from morphine, widely used as an analgesic, antitussive, and antidiarrheal drug. A sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor based on molecular imprinting polymer (MIP) was developed to detect COD in tablet form and biological fluid samples. The polymeric thin film on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface was formed using template molecule COD, a functional monomer based on amino acid N-methacryloyl-L-tryptophan (MA-Trp), basic monomer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), cross-linker ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), and the pore-making sacrificial material zinc oxide (ZnO). The developed MIP-based electrochemical sensor (MA-Trp@MIP/GCE) was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. The electrochemical properties of the sensor were examined using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under optimum experimental conditions, the dynamic linear range of the developed sensor was calculated as 0.1–1.0 pM and the detection limit of 0.0150 pM. The current electrochemical sensor technique also demonstrated outstanding recovery in human urine, synthetic serum samples, and tablet form, with relatively high recoveries of 98.5%, 101.4%, and 101.5%, respectively. Moreover, the MA-Trp@MIP/GCE sensor exhibited good reproducibility, repeatability, stability, and fast response time for the electrochemical analysis of COD. The presented sensor successfully determined COD in tablet and biological fluid samples.

Economics of Rice Production in Ibi Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria

This study focused on the economics of rice production in Ibi LGA, Taraba State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected from 150 respondents through the use of multi-stage random sampling techniques with the aid of structured questionnaire. The statistical tools used to analyze the data were descriptive statistics, profitability model and multiple regression analytical technique were used. The socio-economic characteristics of the respondents indicates that; 52 % were male, 95% were below 60 years of age, 73% were married, 94% had less than 10 persons in their households, 89% had one form of education or the other, 81% had experience of less than 10 years. The total variable cost of the rice farming was ₦111,140 with labour and fertilizer having the highest share (30% and 29%) respectively, the total fixed cost was ₦32,165, gross margin and gross income was ₦322,445 and ₦465,750 respectively and for every naira invested, 2.25 naira was returned. The regression analysis revealed double-log as best fit with high F-value (196.5) and significant at 1% level and R2 of 0872. Age, education, experience, cooperative membership, gender, fertilizer, agrochemicals and labour were significant parameters. Insecurity, poor quality seeds, inadequate finance, pest and diseases, poor storage facilities, and insufficient supply of inputs were the significant parameters affecting rice production at different levels. It is concluded that rice farming in the study area was profitable and viable. It is recommended that rice farmers are to engage in engage into cooperative activities and inputs should be supplied to them in good time for optimum production.

The price impact of analyst revisions and the state of the economy: Evidence around the world

AbstractThis paper examines the price impact of analyst revisions in distinct economic states around the world. We find stronger average 2‐day cumulative abnormal returns in bad times, though this pattern is mainly observed in developed countries. In addition, trading strategies following analyst revisions, with holding periods from 1 to 6 months, are generally more profitable in good times with lower macroeconomic uncertainty, after controlling for market and common risk factors. The profitability, however, disappears or declines substantially after accounting for time‐varying risk premia conditioned on lagged macroeconomic information, indicating a reduced information production role played by analysts in recent decades.

In praise of grand historical narratives

ABSTRACT The long eighteenth century was a good time for history and historians. This article considers one of its most original genres, conjectural history, and of one of conjectural history’s most interesting subjects, woman. What made the conjectural history of woman most interesting was not only that it brought together all the elements that were themselves the subjects of theoretical histories, such as language, the arts and sciences, society, religion, and man, but continued to matter politically well into the nineteenth century. Indeed, one might argue that it continues to shape understandings of what it means to be civilized to this day. Following some observations on some of the challenges such a history presented to its practitioners, the essay turns to Engels’s The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State: in the Light of the Researches of Lewis H. Morgan and his contestation of the eighteenth-century view of the history of woman. It ends with some reflections on the importance of revisiting such histories.

Towards robust PICOSEC Micromegas precise timing detectors

The PICOSEC Micromegas (MM) detector is a precise timing gaseous detector consisting of a Cherenkov radiator combined with a photocathode and a MM amplifying structure. A 100-channel PICOSEC MM prototype with 10 × 10 cm2 active area equipped with a Cesium Iodide (CsI) photocathode demonstrated a time resolution below σ = 18 ps. The objective of this work is to improve the PICOSEC MM detector robustness aspects, i.e. integration of resistive MM and carbon-based photocathodes, while maintaining good time resolution. The PICOSEC MM prototypes have been tested in laboratory conditions and successfully characterised with 150 GeV/c muon beams at the CERN SPS H4 beam line. The excellent timing performance below σ = 20 ps for an individual pad obtained with the 10 × 10 cm2 area resistive PICOSEC MM of 20 MΩ/□ showed no significant time resolution degradation as a result of adding a resistive layer. A single-pad prototype equipped with a 12 nm thick Boron Carbide (B4C) photocathode presented a time resolution below σ = 35 ps, opening up new possibilities for detectors with robust photocathodes. The results made the concept more suitable for the experiments in need of robust detectors with good time resolution.

Study on the time resolution limits of FPMT and SiPM under femtosecond laser

In the past decade, a type of micro-channel-plate based photomultiplier tubes (MCP-PMT) with fast-timing resolution, also called fast-timing PMT(FPMT), has attracted considerable attention in many fields for its single-photon detection capability, good timing performance and magnetic insensitivity. The Silicon Photo-multiplier (SiPM) is another kind of newly developed photodetector with comparable performance to the FPMT. More attention was paid to the single photon time resolution of the photodetectors. However, with the improvement of the temporal performance requirements of photodetectors, the time resolution limit of photodetectors determine the limits of time performance improvement, which worth investigating. In this manuscript, a femtosecond laser is used to calibrate the time resolution limit of FPMT and SiPM. The time resolution limit of FPMT is measured to be 480.4 fs. In addition, the temporal performance of FPMT from single photon to multi-photons under femtosecond laser is also investigated. The time resolution limit of SiPM is measured to be 2.68 ps.

Young People’s Adjustment to Post-pandemic Work Styles

Abstract Globalization has led to continuous development and a focus on digitization, which has introduced new forms of employment and organization in the labor market. This has led to increased flexibility for all parties involved, including employers, employees, and the unemployed (Alcover, 2020). One of the most notable changes in the way we work is the rise of "virtual switching" or working from home (Bloom et al., 2015; Spitzmuller & Stanton, 2017). This has become a common practice in various industries, as it allows employees to optimize their work performance while meeting the employer's needs. This shift towards remote work has led to an increase in the number of jobs that rely heavily on virtual communication and collaboration (Hsu & Lee, 2021), and this trend is expected to continue in the future. The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted the way people work (Davenport & Kirby, 2015), particularly for young people who are just entering the workforce (Baruch, 2015). Remote work, virtual meetings, and online communication have become the norm for many companies (Grant & Parker, 2009), and it can be difficult for young people to adjust to these new ways of working. Some challenges that young people may face include a lack of face-to-face interaction, difficulty in building relationships with colleagues, and a lack of clear communication and guidance from supervisors (Handy, 1995). To adapt, young people may need to learn new communication and collaboration tools (Parker & Axtell, 2001), develop good time management and self-motivation skills, and find ways to connect with colleagues and build relationships remotely. Additionally, companies can support the adaptation of young people by providing clear expectations, guidelines, and training on the new ways of working.

Radiation-Induced Degradation Mechanism of X-Ray SOI Pixel Sensors With Pinned Depleted Diode Structure

The X-ray Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) pixel sensor named XRPIX has been developed for the future X-ray astronomical satellite FORCE. XRPIX is capable of a wide-band X-ray imaging spectroscopy from below 1 keV to a few tens of keV with a good timing resolution of a few tens of μs. However, it had a major issue with its radiation tolerance to the total ionizing dose (TID) effect because of its thick buried oxide layer due to the SOI structure. Although new device structures introducing pinned depleted diodes dramatically improved radiation tolerance, it remained unknown how radiation effects degrade the sensor performance. Thus, this paper reports the results of a study of the degradation mechanism of XRPIX due to radiation using device simulations. In particular, mechanisms of increases in dark current and readout noise are investigated by simulation, taking into account the positive charge accumulation in the oxide layer and the increase in the surface recombination velocity at the interface between the sensor layer and the oxide layer. As a result, it is found that the depletion of the buried p-well at the interface increases the dark current, and that the increase in the sense-node capacitance increases the readout noise.

Roberta's

SummaryThis is a hundred words for a special section dedicated to Kathleen Stewart. I want her and everyone who reads it to have a good time and for nothing bad to happen.

Statistical methods and its applications in Whey protein binding (Bos Taurus)

Milk is made up of two proteins, such as casein (80%) and whey (20%). These proteins, which include membrane globular proteins, glycoproteins, and lipoproteins, are mostly found in the outer layer of milk fat globule membranes. WP can be separated from the casein in milk or formed as a byproduct of cheese making and contains all nine essential amino acids with a low lactose content. Whey protein has many health benefits, including improving strength and body composition, promoting weight loss, boosting metabolism, stifling hunger, maintaining good health, avoiding nourishing the bones, reducing inflammation, promoting quick wound healing, lowering blood pressure, repairing and preserving muscle tissues etc. Many dairy and food-based industries eagerly explore the accurate retention time for the formation of health related new byproducts. As of date, there are very few studies available in the world literature citation database and too many micro and macro studies on WP are currently being undertaken globally, they provide insight into the binding of particular amino acids (Seq. peptides) and their accurate lag time of binding to the formation of "helixes and sheaths. In this paradigm, statistical tool are very important to determine average time and WP algorithms for analysis of seq amino acids and the metabolic pathway's action. Overall, the present research attempts to extrapolate the Seq peptide's binding capacity and its retention time for amino acids in order to fill the aforementioned research gap. For the model demonstration we used the commonly cited whey protein peptide (Seq) NCBS, which was considered to prove the hypothesis. The Markova two state random and Monte Carlo simulation (superimposed artificial neural network) models were formulated to extract transient probabilities and retention times of Seq peptides. As per the results, the binding capacity was found to be excellent with a good retention time (5 to 11.50 minutes) in cross-linked and unlinked cases (10 to 13.50 minutes). Bioinformatics, the dairy industry, and life scientists will find these more recent discoveries to be very helpful for measuring likelihoods and transient probabilities of binding.

The Correlation Of Attitudes Regarding Toothbrushing Patterns On The Dmf-T Index In The Community Empowerment Of Women Headed Family

Dental and oral diseases that still occur in the community are dental caries. The method that is often used to measure dental caries status is the DMF-T index. One of the main factors that can affect the oral health of people in Indonesia is attitude. A person's attitude towards dental and oral health can determine the health status of his teeth and mouth. One of the actions that can be taken to prevent dental caries is through the attitude of a brushing pattern consisting of good and correct brushing time, technique, and frequency. This study aims to determine the relationship between attitudes regarding tooth brushing patterns on the DMF-T index in the Women Headed Family Empowerment Community (PEKKA) in Ciburial Village. This research method is non-experimental with quantitative analytic data collection and using a cross sectional hypothesis testing fisher exact. Samples were taken by total sampling with a total of 30 respondents. The results of this study obtained a significant relationship between attitudes regarding tooth brushing patterns on the DMF-T index in the Women Headed Family Empowerment Community (PEKKA) in Ciburial Village.

IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN WAKTU DALAM PENGELOLAAN PENDIDIKAN UNTUK MENCAPAI TUJUAN PENYELENGGARA PENDIDIKAN ISLAM YANG PROFESIONAL

Islamic education requires effective time management to achieve the goals of professional educational administration. This research aims to investigate the implementation of time management within the context of Islamic education to enhance professionalism in educational administration. The research methodology combines literature review with qualitative analysis. This study highlights the importance of effective time scheduling in curriculum planning, teaching, and extracurricular activities within Islamic educational institutions. The proper implementation of time management enables educators to optimize the use of time in teaching, cater to students' needs, and facilitate their spiritual and intellectual growth. Research findings indicate that good time management significantly contributes to the professionalism of educators and the quality of Islamic education. Effective time management helps create a structured learning environment, motivates students, and enhances teaching efficiency. The research findings emphasize that good time management plays a crucial role in developing educator professionalism and in achieving sustainable goals in Islamic education. Effective time management allows educators to build a structured learning environment, support comprehensive student growth, and improve teaching efficiency. This research provides a profound insight into how the implementation of effective time management can be a key aspect in achieving high-quality and professional Islamic educational objectives.

Value of Time Drives Operational Costs of Road Freight Transport Operators (RFTO): A Case Study in Zimbabwe

From a business viewpoint, freight transportation is a necessity in the globalized world we live in. Companies are becoming more dependent on goods from various different locations worldwide and the demand for coordinated transportation is increasing. The aim of the study was to ascertain if Road Freight Transport Sector in Zimbabwe respected the value of time aspect in their operations. Value of time is a sound principle that strategically propels the business into the future. Literature highly recommends the value of time concept for business success as a key to customer satisfaction and an international best practice. This was a quantitative study of the road freight transport sector across Zimbabwe with a population of 1256 registered companies and a randomly picked sample size of 384. A total of 384 questionnaires were distributed and 291 were retrieved, giving a response rate of 75.6%. The study findings indicate that value positively influence firm competitiveness. This implies that travel time and reliability influences company’s reputation, profitability, customer satisfaction and market share. Several empirical studies have reached similar findings (Chi, King-lok, Steven, 2012; Song et al, Gitae, 2017) that value of time has positive impact on firm competitiveness. Study also found that all the registered companies that took part in the research confirmed that the value of time phenomenon was alien to their business practices as they worked on assumptions. They also indicated a loss of business due to customer complaints. The study recommends policy formulation for companies that emphasizes standard operating procedures and good time management for firms to be competitive. The study results and interpretation show that value of time positively influences firm competitiveness. Results imply that if firms in the road freight sector conduct regulars servicing of their fleet, train their employees, plan routes properly, respond to their customers and manage risks there can remain competitive.

Mediation Role of Organizational Culture on Transport Costing

The culture of an organization is influenced as the organization faces and learns how to cope with external and internal encounters. Those principles are maintained as the organization's way of doing business offers an effective adaptation to environmental problems and maintains success. The study sought to ascertain the importance of organizational culture in road freight transport sector in Zimbabwe. The road freight sector has been characterized by unprofessional behaviour and incompetent management. Organizational culture is key to defining the uniqueness of an organization, brand, philosophy, and how it relates to business ethics and all other stakeholders. Globally organizational culture has been given great eminence and priority as strategy followed culture in business performance. This was a quantitative study of road freight transport sector across Zimbabwe with a population of 1256 registered companies and a randomly picked sample size of 384 registered road freight companies out of 1256 companies from which data were collected. A total of 384 questionnaires were distributed and 291 were retrieved giving a response rate of 75.6%. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Reliability was checked using Cronbach’s alpha (?). Before conducting structural equation modelling, data were validated using exploratory factor analysis, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. SPSS® version 21 and AMOS® version 21 were used to analyse the data. The findings showed that organizational culture can help to mediate the relationship between transportation costs and firm competitiveness. The findings suggest that organizational culture has a significant impact on the relationship between transportation costs and firm competitiveness. The study also found out that all the registered companies that took part in the research confirmed that the value of time phenomenon was alien to their business organisational culture practices as they worked on assumptions. They also indicated loss of business due to customer complaints. The study recommends policy formulation for companies that emphasizes standard operating procedures and good time management as organisational culture for firms to be competitive.

Dissolved oxygen monitoring using coating-free, surface-activated, intensity-modulated coreless termination fibre sensors and transducers

The study on the structural change of the coreless termination fibre (CTF) sensing region as a result of surface modification through wet cleaning under three conditions (organic, alkaline, and acidic solutions) resulted in excellent DO sensing and monitoring performance at zero salinity and ambient pressure and temperature. The modulation of light and detection of DO by absorbance-evanescent field sensing mechanism is also disclosed. Coating-free with improved surface-activated, intensity-modulated evanescent field sensor and transducer for DO sensing and monitoring is presented. The experiment showed that the optimised sample, CTF treated with 1 M of sulphuric acid, H2SO4 had produced a good sensitivity of 1.93 × 10−3 a.u./% (with an R-squared value of 0.99 and achieved more than 120% sensitivity improvement as compared to the untreated sensing region of the CTF), stability with variance and standard deviation values of 2.92 × 10−5 and 5.41 × 10−3 respectively and a detection limit of 8.40 %, equivalent to 0.69 mg/L, The optimised sample provided a good selectivity in DO sensing and monitoring in comparison with common colourless and odourless soluble gasses in deionised water, in this study. The sensor also offered a good relative response time compared to a commercial galvanic-based DO transducer used as a reference with the value of 2 µs. Owing to the advantages of structural change of the CTF sensing region with improved optical responses, surface activation, wettability, surface morphology, and surface roughness, the proposed design of the sensor and transducer provides a powerful choice for DO sensing and monitoring.

Management of Student Study Time Post-Pandemic Toward Culture Shock in Indonesia

This article aims to reveal the management of student study time after the Covid-19 pandemic in dealing with culture shock in Indonesia. This article uses qualitative research method. This type of research is a case study, namely culture shock post covid-19 pandemic. Research problems in research are explained descriptively. The data collection technique that is with the library such scientific articles, books, and other sources relevant to the research topic. The data analysis technique uses a technique popularized by Miles & Huberman, which consists of condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. This study found that students experienced various culture shocks due to changes in the learning process, namely from offline face-to-face to online virtual face-to-face. Culture Shock happened again for the second time when the Covid-19 pandemic was gone, so all activities, namely offline learning, returned to normal. Therefore, to reduce the effect of culture shock, it is necessary to have adaptations in managing study time management, meaning that building and restructuring good study time management is the primary key to surviving these situations and conditions.