Good Synergy Research Articles

Need Analysis for the Development of Electronic Students' Worksheet (E-LKPD) on Education Sustainable Development on the Use of Eco Enzyme

The concept of continuous education, technology integration, and increasing environmental awareness is a good synergy in learning. Continuing education is a holistic approach. The teaching materials developed not only focus on the use of eco enzymes, but also relate them to broader sustainability issues. The purpose of this study is to describe the analysis of the need for the development of digital teaching materials based on Education Sustainable Development on the use of eco enzymes This type of research is research and development (R&D) research. The instrument used in this study was in the form of a questionnaire to analyze the needs of teachers and students of SDN 19 Lahat. Based on the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that teachers expressed their desire to develop digital teaching materials based on education sustainable development in the form of E-LKPD on the use of eco enzymes. In addition, the results of the questionnaire on student perception showed a score of 75. Students consider that the learning methods used so far have not been able to make a good understanding of the material presented so that the development of digital-based teaching materials in the form of e-LKPD can be a solution to the problems that have occurred in learning so far

Microstructures and mechanical properties of a novel Al-5Mg-3Zn alloy with the combined additions Sc and Zr

The study investigated the impact of Sc and co-addition of Sc and Zr on the dispersoids, subsequent grain structures and aging precipitations, and the ultimate mechanical properties of Al-5Mg-3Zn-xSc-yZr (x + y = 0.2wt.%) alloys were studied. The results indicate that the co-addition of Sc and Zr produces the highest number density of dispersoids among the three alloys. The Al-5Mg-3Zn alloy mainly comprises fully recrystallized equiaxial grains (close to 100%) after solution treatment. In contrast, the recrystallization ratio of Al-5Mg-3Zn-0.1Sc-0.1Zr remarkably decreases to 9% owing to the presence of fine and dense Al3M dispersoids to impede the mobility of sub-grain boundaries. Adding the Sc element alone reduces the number density of the T-Mg32(Al, Zn)49 and enhances their size during the subsequent aging treatment, while the co-addition of Sc and Zr elements shows an opposite trend. The primary factor contributing to this result is that the microalloying of Sc and co-addition of Sc and Zr affects the diffusion of Mg and Zn solute atoms in Al-5Mg-3Zn alloys. Consequently, the peak-aged Al-5Mg-3Zn-0.1Sc-0.1Zr alloys exhibit a yield strength of 481MPa, an ultimate tensile strength of 547MPa, and an elongation of 12%, which is superior to the reported Al-5Mg-3Zn alloys. The good strength-ductility synergy can be attributed to the combination of a high number density of dispersions, grain refinement, and high-volume fraction nanoprecipitates.

Stakeholder Synergy In The Management of Embung Banteran Tourism, Sumbang District

The Asih Swargaloka Embung Tanggul Tourism, located in Banteran Village, Sumbang District, Banyumas Regency, has experienced a decrease in the number of visitors and the condition of unmaintained facilities since it was inaugurated in July 2023. This study aims to identify the factors causing the decline and develop development strategies that can increase the attractiveness of this tourism. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method. The location of the research is in Banteran Village, Sumbang District, Banyumas Regency. The data collection technique was carried out through in-depth interviews with each stakeholder as a tourist village manager The results of interviews with resource persons revealed that expensive entrance ticket prices, lack of promotions, and poor facility conditions were the main factors in the decline in visitors. In addition, the lack of synergy between the village government, investors, and the local community also hinders the development of this tourism. To overcome this problem, several strategic steps are recommended, including reducing entrance ticket prices, improving and adding facilities, increasing promotion through various media, and training to increase the capacity of tourism village managers. In addition, a participatory approach that involves the community in tourism management and development is expected to increase the community's sense of ownership and responsibility. The implementation of a comprehensive development strategy and good synergy between all stakeholders is expected to restore the attractiveness of the Asih Swargaloka Embung Embankment Tourism and make it a sustainable source of income for Banteran Village. Training, empowerment of tourism village managers, facility improvements, and effective promotion will be the key to the success of this tourism development.

Enhancing room and cryogenic temperatures mechanical properties of FeCoCrNiMn high entropy alloys with high content of inexpensive element P

FeCoCrNiMn high-entropy alloys (HEAs) exhibit excellent ductility, particularly at cryogenic temperatures. However, their yield strength is relatively low. In this study, an inexpensive element, phosphorus (P), was added to HEAs at a high concentration (0.4 %). The results indicate that adding P not only enhances both strength and ductility, but also avoids embrittlement. The P-added HEAs were single-phase random solid solutions, with P distributed inside the grains and partially segregated at the grain boundaries. Within the grains, regions rich in P and poor in P were observed, along with significant tensile and compressive strain fields in the P-rich regions. These strain fields may lead to large local internal stresses. The presence of P prevents brittleness due to its specific atomic distribution, whether in coarse or fine grains. The yield strength increased from 185.27 MPa in P-free homogenized HEAs to 296.1 MPa in P-added HEAs, representing an increase of approximately 60 % at 298 K. At 77 K, the strengths further increased, irrespective of grain size. Further, P added reduced the stacking fault energy. At room temperature (298 K), P-free HEAs formed dislocation cells and high-density dislocation wall structures, while P-added HEAs formed additional microbands, deformation twins, and stacking faults due to increased lattice frictional stress. P-added HEAs demonstrated excellent mechanical properties at cryogenic temperatures, with good strength-ductility synergy and strain-hardening capacity. These enhancements can be attributed to the synergistic effects of nano deformation twins, hierarchical nano-spaced stacking fault networks, and Lomer-Cottrell locks, as well as their extensive interactions.

Collaborative governance flood disaster mitigation in Indonesia

The problem of flooding in the capital is still classified as a classic problem, but this problem still continues to emerge and becomes a trending problem during the rainy season in urban weather. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of governance collaboration in overcoming the Jakarta flood problem. This research uses qualitative analysis and a content analysis approach. This research found that flood management using a collaborative governance approach was running optimally, the involvement of the private sector and the community was a good and rare synergy. support from international funding sources is used with effective management with the aim of using the budget on target. In the end, this research concludes that collaborative governance in Jakarta flood management is carried out optimally but requires sustainable collaborative efforts. This research has limitations in reaching the involvement of personal actors as a source of supporting information in disaster mitigation studies. Further research requires a more comprehensive discussion by reviewing the involvement of important actors in flood disaster mitigation.

Promoted room-temperature deformability and high-temperature strength synergy through zig-zag faceted interface design in TiNbTaWC0.7 eutectic refractory high-entropy alloy

With the development of aerospace technologies, there is an urgent demand for materials with better high-temperature performance. Despite the bottleneck of combining high-temperature strength and room-temperature deformability, refractory high-entropy alloys are potential candidates. Here, we report a novel alloy, TiNbTaWC0.7, with a good strength-ductility synergy by introducing the eutectic carbide phase. The alloy is composed of alternated BCC matrix phase and FCC carbide phase, forming a fully eutectic microstructure. With the introduction of the eutectic carbides, the alloy is robust at 1200 °C. The faceted phase interface together with the compositional complex carbides provides the alloy with good deformation ability at room temperature. The former promotes dislocation nucleation and transmission, and the latter generates stacking faults by partial dislocation movement. This strategy provides a new route to design promising high-temperature structural materials by combining the advantages of eutectic alloy, carbide strengthening, and refractory alloys utilizing the high entropy concept.

Evaluation of the Food Security Program in Sidoarjo Regency

The increase in Indonesian rice imports in 2023 reflects a shortage in the supply of rice food. The irony is that Indonesia is an agricultural country that wants to be self-sufficient in food. To achieve this, good synergy is needed between the Central Government and Regional Governments, including the Sidoarjo Regency Government. This research aims to evaluate the food security program implemented in Sidoarjo Regency, with a focus on the availability of rice and obstacles in meeting food needs. The method used is qualitative research with a library research approach, which involves collecting data through observation and documentation. The research results show that the availability of rice in Sidoarjo Regency will fluctuate from 2018 to 2024, with total rice production reaching 195,855 tons of GKG in 2023. Even though there is a rice surplus of 117,451 tons, challenges such as land conversion and unfavorable weather conditions remain obstacles in increasing agricultural productivity. The conclusions of this research emphasize the need for integrated policies and community support to increase rice food security in Sidoarjo Regency, as well as the importance of ongoing evaluation of existing programs to ensure the sustainability of food supplies in the future.

Bifunctional SnO2/NiO/rGO nanocomposite electrode for hydrogen evolution reaction and detection of winter wheat cold-resistant RNA.

Aconvenient, non-toxic, and low-cost tin dioxide (SnO2)/nickel oxide (NiO)/reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocatalytic electrode was investigated, which can effectively promote the hydrogen evolution reaction and can also be used to construct a sensitive winter wheat cold-tolerant RNA sensor. Due to the good synergy and photocurrent generation between SnO2 and NiO, which accelerates the electron transfer and catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction, the resultant data for the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkaline environment of this material are very impressive, with cathodic current densities of up to 10mAcm-2. The marvelous heterostructures and photovoltaic properties form a signal amplification system, which enables the nanocomposites to have an excellent linear sensitivity in low-concentration RNA solutions. The single-stranded complementary RNA of the target RNA was immobilized on the surface of the nanocomposites, which enabled the materials to recognize the target RNA under enzyme-free conditions. The test results showed that the modified electrode materials had good single detection performance in a wide linear range from 0.1nM to 2mM, with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.078nM. The developed nanocomposite electrode has good performance in hydrogen evolution and winter wheat cold-resistant RNA detection, and is a bifunctional device with superior performance.

Laser-induced the enhancement of Raman scattering performance in WO3-x/Ag composite films

Non-stoichiometric tungsten oxide (WO3-x) has controllable defects, high charge density, and good synergy with other materials to exhibit good surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) properties. Its heterojunction structure provides an opportunity to develop high-quality and low-cost SERS substrates. This study obtained WO3-x/Ag composite thin films were obtained by Nd: YAG fiber pulsed laser modification at ambient conditions. The effects of interactions between heterojunctions and laser modification on the samples’ morphology, composition, and optical properties were investigated. The absorption peaks exhibited a red shift by varying the laser scan speeds, and the SERS properties of the sample were evaluated by methylene blue (MB) dye. The results show that the laser-modified WO3-x/Ag films have good stability as SERS substrates. The characteristic peaks of MB can still be detected after 90 days in the air. The WO3-x/Ag films also have good homogeneity and a low detection limit, with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 10−7 M, and an enhancement factor as high as 1.34 × 104. The simulated results by the finite difference in time domain (FDTD) showed substantial agreement with those of the experimental ones.

Tailored porosity in additive manufacturing of 7075 aluminum alloy for crack suppression and high strength

Laser-directed energy deposition (LDED) additive manufacturing of 7075 aluminum (Al) alloy is highly challenging due to the inherent poor printability and high cracking tendency. Here, we disclose a new approach to suppress cracking in LDED-processed 7075 Al alloy by engineered porosity (about 1.14 %). The crack-free 7075 Al alloy was achieved by slightly sacrificing the densification. Further increasing the density of the material by increasing laser energy input leads to cracking. The mechanisms of minor pores in alleviating cracks are mainly reflected in three aspects: (i) pores disrupt the epitaxial growth of columnar grains; (ii) free-form surfaces surrounding pores could release the accumulated residual stress, and (iii) more dislocations near pore drive nucleation of near equiaxed grains. The LDED-processed crack-free 7075 Al alloy after heat treatment shows an ultimate tensile strength of 464 ± 12 MPa and break elongation of 9.7 ± 1.2 %, attaining a good strength-ductility synergy among many additively manufactured 7075 Al alloys in the current literature. Unlike the mainstream additive manufacturing of metallic materials, which pursues high densification to attain high-performance components, this work demonstrates the positive roles of pores in the additive manufacturing of cracking-sensitive materials. The findings of this work highlight new insights regarding the balance between pores and cracks for better manufacturability and higher mechanical performance of materials.

Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Kebebasan Pers (Wartawan) Dalam Melakukan Kegiatan Jurnalistik

Introduction: Freedom of the press is fundamental. Freedom is meant in the context of exercising the rights, functions and roles of the press. Journalists as people who carry out these functions and roles, get guaranteed legal protection. In Article 8 of Law No. 40 of 1999 concerning the Press it states "In carrying out their profession journalists receive legal protection". However, in reality, cases of violence, intimidation and threats against journalists are still occurring.Purposes of the Research: Reviewing and discussing whether actions that impede freedom of the press can be held criminally responsible and reviewing and discussing legal protection for freedom of the press (journalists) in conducting journalistic activities.Methods of the Research: The research method used is normative research based on statutory approaches, case approaches and conceptual approaches.Results of the Research: The results of the research found that acts that impede freedom of the press (journalists) in carrying out journalistic activities are criminal acts and for those actions committed, they can be held criminally responsible and can be processed based on applicable law. On the other hand, legal protection from both the government and/or the public for journalists must be carried out with full awareness and a high sense of responsibility so that good synergy is built to create a sense of security for journalists in carrying out their noble duties.

Analisis Kinerja Pegawai di Kecamatan Ciputat Timur Kota Tangerang Selatan

East Ciputat District one of the government institutions that has the task of providing community services. In providing services, Ciputat Timur District still has several problems, namely that performance accountability is not yet optimal, the use of information technology has not been optimized to help the smooth running of services, and the pattern of training for officers is not yet oriented towards improving performance. The purpose of this research is to determine the current performance of employees in East Ciputat District, South Tangerang City. The research method used in this research is descriptive with a qualitative approach, with data collection techniques namely observation, interviews and documentation. This research is based on the theory of Employee Performance Indicators by Bernardin (2016), and found several findings that now East Ciputat District employees have experienced an increase in their performance. This is known from the quality of employee performance which satisfies community expectations, and also from employee responsiveness in resolving problems. Apart from that, employees can also responsibly complete 3 cycles of work activities, successfully achieve predetermined performance targets, as well as being disciplined in carrying out their main duties. Apart from that, the employees are agile and have good synergy in working.

What are the character values contained in martial arts and how are they integrated into Character Education? Literature review

Character education is not easy to do in the world of education. Need a good synergy between a series of ongoing learning. Especially with sports specifically taking a role in character education efforts. To achieve physical education by using sports, one part of sports is martial arts. This research departs from the idea that martial arts training provides an opportunity to teach character with the value of traditions and activities contained therein. With different activities and customs from several martial arts and lasting for a long time will form habits (including character values) to behave as designed. The research was conducted using literature review. Data base searching used by Scopus and then analysed with PRISMA Steps. The search was conducted in Scopus using the keywords "value AND education AND in AND martial AND arts", "discipline AND education AND in AND martial AND arts and "the AND value AND of AND discipline AND in AND martial AND arts". After reviewing based on PRISMA steps, 17 relevant articles were obtained. Based on the analysis conducted, there are character values in martial arts (Silat, Tae Kwon do, karate, Judo, Wushu, MMA, Wrestling). Both internalization processes occur through continuous habituation with cultural customs that are unique to each branch of martial arts. The cultivation of character values is also influenced by the quality of the trainers as well as the mastery of character, techniques, and tactics in the martial arts. It is important to note that character education through martial arts is very effective and must be well designed, including in routine activities, ceremonies, exercises, and levels. This process needs to be familiarized and guided by experts who understand cultural techniques and tactics. Keywords: Discipline, character values, character education, martial arts.

Mining corruption, environmental damage, and the increasing unauthorized properties of state officials

Indonesia is blessed with natural resources in the form of minerals and coal. Their use must be directed towards the greatest welfare and prosperity of the people based on the 1945 Constitution. However, what is currently happening is the opposite. the Attorney General revealed case of alleged corruption in the trading system of tin commodities in the Bangka Belitung region. The suspects include businessmen, directors, crazy rich Indonesians, and artists who are now increasingly attracting public attention. The total state losses were equivalent to $16,667 billion USD. This research used a sociological legal research model. The research object was the legal behavior in the reality of society. It was found that to formulate appropriate law enforcement for mining corruption, Friedman’s legal system theory approach was used. This theory includes legal structures, with good synergy from each law enforcement institution. Concerning the legal substance, apart from using the Corruption Crime Law, perpetrators also need to be impoverished by regulating the crime of money laundering. In terms of legal culture, state officials should uphold ethics and integrity to achieve good governance. Meanwhile, restoration of environmental damage resulting from mining activities can begin with future environmental policies that are directed towards ensuring the safety and health of the human life as well as controlling the wise use of natural resources. The integration of environmental law and Islam can be carried out using a prophetic ethical approach. The prophetic paradigm interprets nature as something sacred as humans only borrow it and manage.

Local Vorticity and Flow Heat Transfer Mechanism Analysis in Micro-Cylinder-Groups Based on Field Synergy Principle

In this paper, local vorticity distribution in micro-cylinder-groups was investigated by finite volume method and the mechanism of local heat transfer around cylinders was explored by using field synergy analysis. The vorticity distribution and local heat transfer performance are different at different positions around the cylinders. In front of micro cylinders, the vorticity has a positive correlation with heat transfer coefficient, and the average field synergy angle is close to 65° with good synergy effect. The vertical and spanwise vortices are generated on the top and side positions, respectively, which are negatively correlated with the heat transfer coefficient. Affected by the end-wall and boundary layer, the vorticity behind the micro cylinders varies at different heights and the vertical vorticity appears near the root position. The vertical and spanwise vortices account for a similar proportion near the upper part of the micro cylinders, and both of them are positively correlated with heat transfer coefficient. Due to the stagnation effect, the heat transfer coefficient in the rear position has been weakened by about 40% compared with the front position.

Unveiling the precipitation behavior and mechanical properties in G-phase strengthened CrFe2Ni2Ti0.2Six multi-principal element alloys

In order to develop Co-free CrFeNi based multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) with good synergies between strength and plasticity, the effects of Si content on the microstructures and mechanical properties of CrFe2Ni2Ti0.2Six (x = 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, 0.5 and 0.625) MPEAs are studied in this work. The results show that the addition of Si induces a phase transformation from a single-phase face-centered cubic (FCC) structure to a dual-phase structure, comprising an FCC solid solution phase and G-phase. The outcomes from phase formation theory and phase diagram calculations (CALPHAD) also confirm that CrFe2Ni2Ti0.2Six MPEAs are prone to form dual-phase structures. With increasing Si content, the yield strength and hardness of the alloys increase by 47.2 % and 57.3 %, respectively, while still maintaining a strain of 34.2 %, which is indicative of commendable overall mechanical properties. This is ascribed to the coherence between FCC matrix and G-phase, enabling an enhancement in strength concurrently with the retention of considerable plasticity. Moreover, grain boundary strengthening and precipitation strengthening play a dominant role in the strengthening of CrFe2Ni2Ti0.2Six MPEAs. The present work offers new insights for the further development of high-performance non-metallic MPEAs, so as to achieve a combination of targeted microstructures and excellent properties.

MXene-CNC super performing composite films for flexible and degradable electronics

Flexible electronics have gained significant interest due to their potential applications in wearable devices, biomedical sensors, and flexible displays. This study explores the combination of MXene and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) for the development of flexible, conductive, and degradable materials. CNC and MXene are high-performance nanomaterials with known degradability. CNC can self-assemble into highly ordered layers and act as an ideal structural companion for enabling large surface MXene-based devices with outstanding performance. Three fabrication routes are explored in this work: self-assembly, drop casting, and dip coating. The mechanical and electrical properties of the CNC-MXene composite films were assessed. Tensile testing revealed that dip-coated films in high-loadings of MXene could exhibit enhanced toughness of up to 1.9 MJ‧m−3, higher than pure MXene or CNC. The electrical conductivity of the films varied depending on MXene concentration and drying, exhibiting superior conductivity in self-assembly with higher MXene loading and rapid drying that prevents oxidation. Self-assembled MXene-CNC with a 1:3 MXene-to-CNC ratio maintained high conductivity of 2.2 × 105 S‧m−1. Zeta potential measurements indicate that CNC enhances the stability of MXene dispersion. These findings demonstrate good synergy between CNC and MXenes for applications in flexible, transparent, and environmentally degradable electronic.

Elemental synergy flame retardant effect of Schiff base derivatives with similar chemical structure in TPU

To investigate the synergistic flame retardant effect of various elements, three flame retardants (SMAE, SDPS, SDPB) with similar chemical structure and containing different flame retardant elements were designed, synthesized, and applied to TPU. The test results showed that SMAE had a phosphorus-nitrogen synergistic effect and primarily exerted its flame retardant effect in the gaseous phase. The limiting oxygen index value of the TPU/4SMAE reached 32 % and passed UL 94 V-0 rating test. SDPB was obtained by introducing the boron, which further enhanced the flame retardant effect in the gaseous phase. The thermogravimetric combined with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results showed that TPU/4SDPB had the lowest intensity of gaseous phase products. With only 2 wt% SDPB, TPU can pass UL 94 V-0 test. Therefore, it also demonstrated that there was a good synergy between boron and phosphorus and nitrogen. SDPS was obtained by introducing the silicon, which can exert the flame retardant effect in the condensed phase. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that char layer of TPU/SDPS was the densest and silicon was retained as Si-O and Si-C in the char layer. However, the gaseous phase flame retardant effect of SDPS was restrained, and TPU/4SDPS only passes the V-2 rating. Hence, this work provided the direction of Schiff base derivatives flame retardants structure design in TPU.

Achieving High Strength-Ductility Synergy in Low-Alloyed Mg-Li-Er Extrusion Alloys via Tailoring Bimodal-Grained Structure.

Low-alloyed Mg-Li-Er alloys were developed in this study and a bimodal-grained structure was obtained by varying the trace Er content and extrusion temperature. The alloys displayed a good strength-ductility synergy, i.e., a tensile yield strength (TYS) of 270 MPa and an elongation (EL) of 19.1%. Microstructural characterization revealed that the formation of numerous submicron Mg24Er5 particles favored a high density of low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) inside the deformed grains and inhibited dynamic recrystallization (DRX). The resultant coarse unDRXed grains with a strong basal texture and considerable LAGBs, together with the fine DRXed grains, contributed to the high strength-ductility synergy.

On the role of chemically heterogeneous austenite in cryogenic toughness of maraging steels manufactured via laser powder bed fusion

Steels manufactured via Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) usually exhibit a good synergy of strength and ductility due to their ultrafine microstructure. Yet, their toughness, in particular cryogenic toughness is intrinsically inferior as the formation of micro-voids and oxide inclusions can hardly be fully prevented during LPBF. In this study, a toughening strategy based on chemically heterogenous metastable austenite was proposed to improve the impact toughness of LPBF manufactured high strength steels. As demonstrated in a maraging stainless steel, cryogenic (-196 °C) impact toughness can be enhanced by three times without a sacrifice of strength via tailoring chemically heterogenous austenite in the strong martensitic matrix. Both experiments and molecular dynamic simulations demonstrate that upon impact deformation chemically heterogenous austenite could transform into martensite in a stepwise manner, which could not only absorb massive energy via deformation induced martensite transformation but also make a contribution to local stress mitigation, crack passivation and deflection. The chemically heterogenous austenite strategy has the potential to be utilized for improving the toughness of other high-strength steels.