Best Solution In Order Research Articles

Towards Miniaturization of Magnetic Gears: Torque Performance Assessment.

Magnetomechanical components can be a good solution in order to reduce, or even completely avoid, friction phenomena in micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) since they can transmit forces through magnetic fields without contacts. In this communication, electromagnetic simulations of the expected specific torque of a coaxial magnetic gear are given. The results show that micromagnetic gears (3 mm of diameter) could provide a specific torque up to 8.98 Nm/kg, several times larger than the specific torque that microgears (<9 mm of diameter) can provide. This implies that micromagnetic gears could provide speed conversion without contact in the teeth, avoiding corresponding friction, but also that it would even improve the specific torque transmission with respect to contact microgears.

MINAT GURU MENJADI KEPALA SEKOLAH DI KABUPATEN KUDUS

The purpose of this study is to describe and explain: (1) the teacher’s interest become principals in Kudus, (2 recruitment system of principals in Kudus; (3) the factors that cause interest and disinterest of teachers to become principals in Kudus; (4) the problems in the recruitment of principal at Kudus, and (5) the best solution in order to have an interest in becoming the principal at Kudus. This research was conducted in the UPT Pendidikan Kaliwungu Kudus with the respondent principals, teachers, and Kasie PTK Dikpora Kudus. The type and the approach that is used in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection methods which is used is interviews and documentation. The analysis of the data used is descriptive analysis.The results of this study indicate that: (1) the majority of primary school teachers in the Kaliwungu Kudus don’t have interest in becoming principals because teachers feel comfortable and satisfied with his position as a teacher. Next, it is because of the burden and the task of the school head is heavier. Salaries and benefits received by teachers is more than enough also be because teachers do not intend to participate in the selection of the school head; (2) principal recruitment system in Kaliwungu Kudus covers the administration and academic selection. The recruitment model that is used is external recruitment. The recruitment procedures begin with data collection and mapping the number of principal empty formations. Then the official quotas applicants and make a selection announcement through a circular letter to all educational units. Applicants are asked to collect file administrative requirements. For those who pass the selection and administration will follow an academic test followed by interview and presentation.; (3) there are no factors that cause the interest of teachers to become principals. While the factors that cause the teachers are not interested in being the principal is the workload is too high when compared with teachers, compensation that is not balanced with the workload and physical readiness, mental and financial; (4) the obstacles in the recruitment principal at Kaliwungu Kudus covers compensation benefits to the principal are not balanced and the requirements of physical readiness, mental and materail; and (5) the best solution so that teachers have an interest in becoming the head of the school is to implement personnel management, especially in the provision of compensation should be reviewed and adjusted to the principal heavy duties. The amount of compensation should be added.

The work-to-life conflict mediation between job characteristics and well-being at work

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare part-time and full-time employees, analyzing the relationship between job characteristics and workplace well-being (i.e. burnout and engagement) and the mediating role of the work-to-life conflict with a sample of 736 employees from 14 Portuguese call center companies.Design/methodology/approachThe hypotheses were tested with multiple group analysis on two samples: part-time and full-time employees.FindingsThe results confirm that in both the part-time and full-time subsamples employees’ perceptions of job characteristics are related to their well-being, and the work-to-life conflict partially mediates this relationship. Moreover, the study confirms that the relationship between employees’ perceptions of job demands and the work-to-life conflict and between the work-to-life conflict and workplace well-being were stronger for full-time than for part-time employees.Research limitations/implicationsThe co-relational and cross-sectional design should be regarded as limitations. Moreover, each variable was only assessed with self-reported measures, and the sample comprised call center employees from only one country (Portugal), which may constrain the generalization of these results.Practical implicationsPart-time work is a good solution in order to prevent the work-to-life conflict. Furthermore, a reduced workload and time pressure, enhanced decision latitude and supervisory support appear to be crucial work characteristics for employees juggling their work with other roles and in the promotion of well-being at work.Originality/valueThis research study provides evidence that the traditional vision of the work-family conflict requires a broader conceptualization by considering the interference between life roles, particularly in the case of full-time young employees.

Prosthetic management of patients with oro-maxillo-facial defects: a long-term follow-up retrospective study.

The aim of this study is to determine the outcome of maxillofacial prosthetic rehabilitation after oncological resections, including both intra- and extra-oral prosthetic devices. In this study were included 72 patients, who have undergone an intra or extra-oral maxillofacial prosthetic rehabilitation after an oncologic resection. Tumors on the head and neck were analyzed and the defects of these resections have been divided in two different groups: intra and extra-oral defects. 72 participants were treated with maxillofacial prosthesis, 3 of which with post-traumatic wounds and 69 with resections of tumors on the head and neck. Of the 69 treated for neoplastic disease, 43 received an intraoral prosthesis (palatal obturator) and 29 with an extraoral epithesis (18 with nasal prostheses, 8 with orbital implants and 3 with ear implants). The group included patients with different types of tumors. All the patients were evaluated in terms of aesthetic appearance after the construction of the prostheses and the results were satisfactory. Within the limitations of this study, after the use of maxillofacial protheses patients feel more confident and self-assured. Maxillofacial protheses are a good solution in order to improve the life's quality in patients with tumors resections: prostheses are easy to handle and provide a satisfying social interaction for the patients.

A multi-level approach. How and when Italy has disengaged from left-wing political violence

This article investigates how and when left-wing armed groups disengaged from political violence in the Italian case. Analytically, bridging recent trends in social movement studies with those in political violence, it grounds its understanding of the how and when political violence ends in the dynamic relational interplay between socio-political context, organisation dynamics, and individual motivations. Empirically it does not challenge previous readings on the Italian case, but aims to suggest how and why some particular legislative measures worked in the way they have been designed to do from the state including a focus on internal organizational dynamics and societal changes, as well as on political actors responses. This article suggests that there is no single best solutions in order to reduce political violence, as state anti-terrorist policies can have different effects in different social context and different armed groups. Furthermore, the attempts to reduce violence require the involvement of non-state actors as well.

Logical Forecasting of the Eurozone Crisis Through ANP

The Eurozone crisis is an ongoing financial problem that has made it difficult and impossible to some countries in the euro area to re-finance their government debt. This problem generates various inverse effects for many other nations in the world due to their capital markets’s connections with the Eurozone markets. Hence, overcoming this crisis can be crucial for a high number of countries. This paper is an attempt to logically explore the best solutions in order to pass this crisis. For this purpose, a flexible and dynamic framework with the Analytic Network Process (ANP) is designed to forecast this crisis’s solutions through some recognized clusters and factors. The results of this paper identified the best proactive solutions which can be considered as a tool to make the best way to overcome this crisis.

ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF THE PREVENTIVE MEASURES IN DENTISTRY.

Introduction:Previous studies have shown that the state of oral health in the area of Podrinje Canton is really poor. Taking into account that in the last five years are implemented two projects in the municipality it is necessary to examine the impact of preventive measures in dentistry on the oral health.The research goals are:a) To evaluate the impact of continuing education and local fluoridation on the state of oral health; b) To analyze the economic importance of preventive measures.The examinees and methods:For the purpose of the research on activities of continuing education on the importance of oral health and local fluoridation of teeth and to determine the economic aspects of the application of preventive measures is tested and reviewed 900 students from fourth to ninth grade. The children were divided into three groups of 300 students in each group: a) In the first group of children is carried out continuous education about proper tooth brushing and the importance of oral hygiene and local fluoridation twice a year during the last three years, b) In the second group children carried out local fluoridation twice a year during the last three years while in the third group, there were no continuous prevention measures; c) Used is a single questionnaire for all respondents. Data obtained in this study were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistical methods.The results and conclusions:The importance of continuing education and local fluoridation is clearly reflected in the different values DMF-index, which was the subject of research. In the first group, in which is carried out continuous education and local fluoridation value of DMF index was 2.7, in the second group with local fluorination this value was 3.56, while in the third group, in which is not implemented preventive measures, the value DMF- index was 5.93. From an economic point the preventive measures are the cheapest, most effective and the best solution in order to maintain oral health.

Ethics Management in Higher Education System of Romania

Abstract The article presents the problems of ethics management in higher education system of Romania and tries to identify the best solutions in order to improve the ethical climate in universities, with a proper implementation of ethics management instruments and procedures. The purpose of this study is to create a background for managers in these institutions in order for them to know and implement the adequate tools they can use in order to increase the ethical climate and scientifically apply an ethics management system. The research methodology is based on a questionnaire conducted during June 10 and July 20 on a number of 76 managers in higher education system from all over the country, from public and private institutions. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS program, using descriptive statistics and other indicators and correlations offered by the program, in order to verify the main hypothesis of the study. The results of the study reveal some important aspects in the ethical climate of Romanian universities, some lacks, but mainly reveal the perspective of managers on the ethics management and its implementation. Conclusions highlight a better perception of managers on the ethical climate, but in discordance with the general perception of the society. In our opinion, this may be a consequence of the fact that managers are not all familiar with the concept of ethics management, with its instruments and procedures. The main recommendations of the research refer to a better understanding of this area of management and focusing on a better integration in higher education system of Romania.

Protection of Families Composed by EU Citizens and Third-country Nationals: Some Suggestions to Tackle Reverse Discrimination

Abstract The cjeu, both in cases concerning eu moving and eu static citizens, is now recurring to the concept of eu citizenship in order to grant or denying the right of residence of third-country national family members of eu nationals. The aim of this article is to determine whether the eu citizenship method adopted by the Court in order to grant third-country nationals’ residence rights is capable of providing fair protection to family units composed of eu citizens and third-country nationals. In this article it will be shown that solving family reunification cases involving eu citizens and third-country nationals through the concept of eu citizenship can be positive and negative at the same time, being the negative side the issue of reverse discrimination. I will suggest that the best solution in order to grant better protection for families composed by eu citizens and third-country nationals would be to continue endorsing the eu citizenship approach but, at the same time, to try to solve the issue of reverse discrimination. Out of the several proposed options that could potentially solve this issue, I argue that the intervention of the European legislator over Article 20 tfeu and Directive 2004/38/ec seems to be the most desirable.

Toward a Methodological Knowledge based Approach for Partial Automation of Reverse Engineering

Nowadays, reverse engineering is widely spread in the manufacturing industry. The need of shorter development cycles has led to the identification of social and economic issues related to reverse engineering. The integration of a reverse engineering solution in a PLM context represents a good solution in order to shorten the development cycles, especially when it is automated. In this paper we present the issues identified in the context of METIS, a French national project aiming to provide a software solution for reconstructing large and complex mechanical assemblies and systems, through a global reverse engineering methodology combined with a knowledge management approach, and using heterogeneous data as inputs.

Synchronization of Traffic Light Systems for Maximum Efficiency along Jalan Bukit Gambier, Penang, Malaysia

The synchronization of traffic light systems is one of the best solutions in order to avoid problematic traffic jams. Traffic timing is a major concern when it comes to traffic management. One of the common causes of traffic jams is because of nonsynchronized traffic light systems. Once a light turns green, traffic begins to move, but by the time the moving traffic reaches the next light, the signal is still red. This will disrupt the continuity of the traffic flow, especially for large main roads. The smooth flow of traffic on main routes is important to clear dense traffic in a given time. This study examined the density of vehicles on Jalan Bukit Gambier and also the traffic timing was documented in order to plan out proper re-timing for traffic lights along the studied road. The outcomes of this study support the hypothesis that retiming traffic lights to create a synchronized traffic light system for main roads will greatly improve traffic flow.

Adjusting a railway timetable in case of partial or complete blockades

Unexpected events, such as accidents or track damages, can have a significant impact on the railway system so that trains need to be canceled and delayed. In case of a disruption it is important that dispatchers quickly present a good solution in order to minimize the nuisance for the passengers. In this paper, we focus on adjusting the timetable of a passenger railway operator in case of major disruptions. Both a partial and a complete blockade of a railway line are considered. Given a disrupted infrastructure situation and a forecast of the characteristics of the disruption, our goal is to determine a disposition timetable, specifying which trains will still be operated during the disruption and determining the timetable of these trains. Without explicitly taking the rolling stock rescheduling problem into account, we develop our models such that the probability that feasible solutions to this problem exist, is high. The main objective is to maximize the service level offered to the passengers. We present integer programming formulations and test our models using instances from Netherlands Railways.

Optimization of Tungsten Dual Poly-Metal Gates in Memory Devices with Ti/WN/WSiN Barrier Metal

Due to the demand of high-speed/high-density and low power application of memory devices, tungsten dual poly gate (W-DPG; W/barrier metals/n+ and p+ poly-Si) electrode could be a good solution in order to reduce gate sheet resistance (Rs). Process optimization is completed for a diffusion barrier metal in a W-DPG. A new noble WSiN layer is inserted between the Ti/WN barrier metal and the tungsten gate electrode to maintain large grain size of W deposited by physical vapor deposition. The annealed WSiN during post-processing changes into crystallized WSi(x) mixed with SiN, which can make vertical conductive path between top and bottom interface, contributing to low vertical contact resistance (Rc) and low gate Rs adequate for high speed requirement of memory device. The Ti/WN/WSiN barrier is found to have the same electrical performance, ring oscillator singal delay as complicated multi-layes barrier metal, Ti/WN/TiN/WSi(x)/WN reported earlier. Therefore, the gate stack can be optimized by introducing a simpler diffusion barrier metal.

The impact of dwell point policy in an Automated Storage/Retrieval System

Automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS) are devices that allow intensive storage of materials. They can improve the supply chain performance, assuring more available volume for storage, lower labour costs and higher handling throughput of warehousing. Furthermore, the automated control allows the probability of errors in storage and retrieval to be minimised, along with the probability of product damage during movements. The purpose of the paper is to find the best solution in order to find the optimal dwell point policy, among different rules, able to minimise the travel time and distance travelled by stacker cranes, and consequently warehousing costs. An original and innovative model was developed in order to investigate the dwell point position for random allocation of unit loads. A software platform was developed to validate the proposed model by computer simulations. The performance of the system was analysed in a parametric/continuous way, varying at the same time the number of spans and levels, the height of the input/output point and the interval between requested missions. The results show that the developed model allowed convenience areas to be identified among the policies in which the travel time, distance travelled, and consequently warehousing costs are minimised, by varying different parameters.

Compelling to Disclose Software Interoperable Information: A Risk for Innovation or a Balanced Solution?

AbstractSoftware interoperability has been declared matter of public interest by the European Commission in its European Digital Agenda because of its obvious intrinsic value and, therefore, it is in the interest of society to support it. The most significant ex ante intellectual property rules on interoperability in IT markets are presently located in the area of copyright law. Ideally, copyright law should provide market participants with clear indications as to the ability to access and use interoperability information. However, none of the Actions of the European Digital Agenda address copyright in general nor the Software Directive in particular in the matter of interoperability. This essay will discuss whether the regulation established by the Software Directive can jeopardize the public interest. Subsequently, due to the impact of the Microsoft CFI decision, it will be analyzed whether a compulsory licensing approach is the best solution in order to guarantee access to interoperable information. Closing, some recommendations over both the interoperable information regulation of the Software Directive and the licensing approach that might help in keeping a fair balance between the copyright holder of the computer program and competitors in the ICT sector for the sake of interoperability and innovation.

The tale of the tail: extreme‐value patterns of financial returns

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to give a review of the standard approaches to extreme value theory. Special focus on the tail of the distribution is underlined, in particular concerning the fat‐tails phenomenon typical of financial returns. The core of the work is then represented by a survey of models which try to overtake some problems in determining the right shaping of extreme financial returns distribution.Design/methodology/approach – The paper attempts to give a broad view of the theory about the Tail of distribution of financial market returns, with a special focus on bond returns. The aim of the core work is to find and explore via data, the best solution in order to give a right estimate of the higher moments of the distribution and of the Tail index associated with particular tail shape.Findings – The EVT approach to VaR has certain advantages over traditional parametric and non‐parametric approaches to VaR. Parametric approaches estimate VaR by fitting some distribution to a set of obs...

STRESS-RELIEF SOLUTIONS FOR BRITTLE TiB2 COATINGS

Engineering applications of TiB 2 coatings are limited because of the brittle nature of interfacial bonds on the substrate surfaces, although they have many major properties such as high hardness, high wear and high temperature strength. To overcome this drawback, many researchers have studied over many years and their efforts have taken several forms such as the rotation of substrate, heating treatment during deposition or after deposition, application of positive bias voltage to the substrate, the introduction of transition elements as an interlayer, gradient or multilayer or composite strengthening, and the optimization studies performed by changing deposition process types and/or process parameters such as working gas and bias voltage. The purpose of this paper is to discuss these solutions proposed or developed by researchers against the limited use of TiB 2 coatings due to its brittleness and low adhesion. From the results reported in literature, it is concluded that the best solution in order to produce non-brittle TiB 2 based film well adherent to substrate is the use of pulsed-dc deposition technology provided that the process parameters are tuned to give an appropriate composition and/or a coating design. Furthermore, the TiB 2 based coatings with multiphase layers seem to give better results respect to adherence.

Protein characterisation and immunochemical measurements of residual macadamia nut proteins in foodstuffs

Despite its high nutritional quality, macadamia carries specific proteins that elicit food-induced allergy symptoms in certain individuals. In contrast to other tree nuts, little is known about the way of detecting macadamia allergenic proteins in foods. On the other hand, new labelling regulations require precise detection techniques to trace a specified list of allergenic food residues to the ppm level. In the present study macadamia nuts were extracted using three extraction media i.e. (a) 10% saline, (b) phosphate-buffered saline and (c) Tris buffer at pH 7.5 to find the best solution in order to optimise the extraction condition for a particular protein. In the second part, 2S proteins were isolated and purified from macadamia nuts. Purification was carried out through a multiple stage procedure starting with an ammonium sulfate precipitation in which the concentration of the salt was increased step-by-step from 20 to 90%. The semi-purified protein fraction obtained was further purified using gel filtration chromatography. In the third part, antigen in the form of purified 2S protein from macadamia nuts, were used to produce antibodies in rabbits. Sensitive, specific ELISAs were set up and applied to 12 selected food samples extracted by four different methods of extraction (PBS, urea, PBS followed by acetone and urea followed by acetone). Although the higher total protein yield was not always an indication of an efficient extraction method for individual proteins, however, the results show that immunochemical techniques can reliably detect trace amounts of the nut in food samples. This is the first time that ELISAs for macadamia have been described.

Dielectric properties of lead-free solid solution of Bi0.487Na0.487La0.017TiO3 and BaTiO3

Bismuth sodium titanate (Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3; BNT) is one of the most preferred materials for the preparation of lead-free ceramics; however its dielectric property is lower than that of lead-based materials. Thus, the substitution of A and B-site cations is considered to be one of the best solutions in order to improve both the dielectric and piezoelectric properties. In this study, lead-free ceramics from bismuth sodium lanthanum titanate (Bi0.487Na0.487La0.017TiO3; BNLT) and barium titanate (BaTiO3; BT) systems were prepared by a modified two-step mixed oxide method. BT powder was added to BNLT powder with the desired compositions of (1 − x)BNLT–xBT, where x = 0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10. It was found that the addition of BT in the BNLT improved the electrical properties of ceramics. Phase transition of rhombohedral to tetragonal structure was significantly dependent on the amount of BT added. It was also found that the change in crystal structure affected the ferroelectric property of the ceramics where the transition from ferroelectric to antiferroelectric started from the samples with x ≥ 0.06 mol% and higher. This may be useful in terms of using these materials in the desired applications.

Estimation of particle swarm distribution algorithms: Combining the benefits of PSO and EDAs

This paper presents a novel framework of the estimation of particle swarm distribution algorithms (EPSDAs). The aim is to effectively combine particle swarm optimization (PSO) with the estimation of distribution algorithms (EDAs) without losing their unique features. This aim is achieved by incorporating the following mechanisms: (1) selection is applied to the local best solutions in order to obtain more promising individuals for model building, (2) a probabilistic model of the problem is built from the selected solutions, and (3) new individuals are generated by a stochastic combination of the EDA’s model sampling method and the PSO’s particle moving mechanism. To exhibit the utility of the EPSDA framework, an extended compact particle swarm optimization (EcPSO) is developed by combining the strengths of the extended compact genetic algorithm (EcGA) with binary PSO (BPSO), along the lines of the suggested framework. Due to its effective nature of harmonizing the global search of EcGA with the local search of BPSO, EcPSO is able to discover the optimal solution in a fast and reliable manner. Experimental results on artificial to real-world problems have adduced grounds for the effectiveness of the proposed approach.