Good Reason Research Articles

Women ‘out of order’: inappropriate anger and gender bias in the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder

I argue that the inappropriate anger criterion for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is likely to contribute to gender bias in the diagnostic process. In its current form, the inappropriate anger criterion is vaguely formulated, providing close to no guidance on to how to distinguish inappropriate from appropriate anger. Further, recent work in moral psychology highlights that the inappropriate anger criterion can be understood and applied in wide range of ways, none of which are required nor excluded by criterion. Moreover, research on public administration and management gives us reason to suspect that the criterion’s ambiguity coupled with the working conditions characteristic of healthcare settings is likely to increase the risk that clinicians will rely on stereotypes in their assessments of the appropriateness of anger. Specifically, various empirical studies point to the existence and widespread influence of gender stereotypes whereby anger is associated with men. Women who display anger are seen as underconforming to prescribed gender roles and, therefore, abnormal. Thus, we have good reason to think that women’s anger will more often be thought inappropriate than men’s, in general and in psychiatry.

Kurangnya Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Pada Pelajaran IPS di SD Negeri 10 Sapuli Kota Makassar

This Research problem is high order thinking of students still low. Teaching is oriented by the teacher and the teacher is giving less motivation to the student. The Teacher seldom gives the question to student about high order thinking and the students look for the answer. This research aims to describe the implementation and the increasing of student high order thinking in studying social science by using model learning base problem. This research method is action research in class. This method adapt the model from Taggart and Kemmis conducted with two cycles in the class at SD Neg Makassar. The research subject is five class. There are 32 students. This action research conducted in implementation of learning base problem model that it were five stages as: the student instruction in orientation the problems, in organizing student to learn, in helping student, in developing and in presenting, in analyzing and evaluating the problem solving. The indicator of high order thinking which is measured in this research identify the problem, collect the information, look for, solve the problem, and using the good instruction through the good language. Using the good reason to conclude. This result research showed that the high order thinking of student from first cycle is 59% to second cycle 88%. This research conclusion is the implementation of model learning base problem can increase the skill of high order thinking to student in five class to the social science at elementary school.

Study of Chemical Parameters of Himayat Sagar Lake at Rangareddy District

Abstract: Water is a single major element responsible for sustaining life on Earth. In India, water is sourced from fourteen main stream basins and countless minor basins. Furthermore, it is important to raise awareness among the public about the importance of conserving water. Chemical pollutants have been wreaking havoc on our planet's waterways, and it's time we take a stand.Take Hyderabad, for example. This city is known as the 'Limnological capital of India', and for good reason. It's home to a plethora of major and minor water bodies, many ofwhich are used as drinking water sources The study of water quality at Himayathsagar is a necessity due to its close proximity to Hyderabad city, which is growing rapidly in terms of urbanization and industrialization. In order to ensure that this important drinking water source remains safe and clean, a study of the chemical parameters of the Himayat Sagar lake in Rangareddy District was conducted. Water samples were collected and analyzed for a variety of chemical properties, such as pH, carbonates, and bicarbonates. These parameters are essential to determine the water quality and to plan forthe future management of clean water resources. The study of water quality at Himayathsagar is an important step in ensuring that this vital drinking water source remains safe and clean forgenerations to come. With the ever-growing urbanization and industrialization of Hyderabad city, it is essential that we take all necessary steps to ensure that the water quality of Himayathsagar remains at its highest level.

Issue 3 of 2023 and the Journal’s Policy on Neutrality and Non-Discrimination in Editorial Work

In this issue of the Access to Justice in Eastern Europe journal, we collected articles from authors of various states – Romania, Moldova, Ukraine, Slovakia, Poland, and Saudi Arabia. We are particularly delighted to welcome contributions from authors from Kosovo, as their efforts to spread knowledge about their jurisdiction and share the results of their studies is warmly welcomed. This fact alone is another good reason for policymakers, legal practitioners, and researchers to read this issue. As usual, I would like to provide a brief overview of some of the articles featured in this issue. However, before diving into the contents, as Editor-in-Chief, I would like to share some ideas and reflections with our audience and my colleagues and editors. I will discuss the Journal’s commitment to neutrality and non-discrimination, especially in light of the challenges faced during wartime in Ukraine.

기업경영자의 이혼과 재산분할

The equitable division of property in the events of divorces of business owners has attracted much attention from the public as it has potential to affect corporate governance. In particular, if a succession of business ownership is involved and the business owner's share in the corporation was acquired by gift or inheritance, the issue whether the share remains non-marital asset and therefore not subject to equitable division procedure arises. In principle, no reason exists for the issue of the divisibility of non-marital asset to be resolved differently in the case of business owner's divorce. The division of non-marital asset should remain an exception. There are, however, good reasons for the Supreme Court case and family court practice as well to identify non-marital asset as the object of equitable division where the marriage has been maintained for a long period. In particular, it should be considered that the substance of the business behind the business owner's share or equity has constantly changed during the marriage, and that the business owner makes a personal contribution to these changes or rather value increase. Just as business income in a sole proprietorship, even if it is based on non-marital property, is undoubtedly subject to equitable division, the increase in the value of the share or equity to a corporation should also be subject to equitable division, even though the share has been acquired by gift or inheritance. In this case, of course, the outstanding contribution of the business owner can also be considered in determining the division ratio. Undoubtedly, investors and other stake-holders can be interested in avoiding or reducing the possible affect of business owner’s divorce upon the corporate governance. It is the role of the prenuptial agreement in Korean as well as many other legal systems, however, to meet these needs. Even in the absence of a prenuptial agreement, the family court should try to minimize the affect of equitable division on corporate governance especially when determining the way to allocate divisible assets.

Casting the first stone: did Cohen have standing to condemn Israel’s condemnation of terrorism?

ABSTRACT One of the first philosophers to discuss the topic of standing to blame was Jerry Cohen in his oft-cited paper ‘Casting the First Stone: Who Can and Who Can’t Condemn the Terrorists?’. Cohen takes as his point of departure the condemnation made by Israel against Palestinian terror during the Intifada. In Cohen’s view, this condemnation was out of place. Thus, his paper not only offers a philosophical analysis of the right to condemn, but is itself an exercise in condemnation. My paper tries to show that this condemnation on Cohen’s part was ungrounded and motivated by anger, hence (a) he had no standing to voice it and (b) its condemnees were justified in disregarding it. I base this conclusion on an explanation I offer to show why, when condemning somebody for phi-ing is not motivated by a genuine commitment to the values that underlie the opposition to phi-ing, the blaming is standingless and the blamees have good reasons to ignore it.

Finding the Hidden Legacies of African American (and Other) Families

Documenting and finding lost family history proves as daunting as locating vital statistics, but the effort to perform such a genealogical feat should be undertaken, for good reason, as the resulting information can prove rewarding. This commentary discusses research methods, effective methods, and materials for finding documentation of family history with a special emphasis on African American genealogy. Commonly used strategies are listed with successful examples and recommended sources. The article concludes with an affirmation of the value of research on ancestors beyond just vital records.

Women Politicians in Participation and Participation of Women's Voices in Election 2019

Female voters outnumber male voters. However, until now, many female politicians who had failed to compete in the general election with male politicians. However, what factors make women’s voices in the 2019 general election whitewash, remains a questionable. The informants were taken from residents of DKI Jakarta, who represented Central Jakarta, Jakarta, South Jakarta, West Jakarta, North Jakarta, and East Jakarta that female voters chose female politicians based on attractive visuals, the party where the female politician joined, the vision and mission. There are also who choose based on advice from friends and some even choose on their own without a good reason. In addition, mass media and social media also play a role in influencing the election of female politicians. Framing carried out by the mass media or imaging in the media will greatly affect female voters in determining their choice. Meanwhile, for the mass media, it is clear that they are not in favor of women politicians. The framing given often focuses on the sexuality of female politicians rather than on their performance or intelligence. In social media, many politicians are highlighted by netizens from the point of view of their beauty. This has a negative impact that affects female voters in determining their choice in the 2019 election.
 Keywords: female voters, female politicians, 2019 election

A standard descriptor for fixed-target serial crystallography.

Fixed-target crystallography has become a widely used approach for serial crystallography at both synchrotron and X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) sources. A plethora of fixed targets have been developed at different facilities and by various manufacturers, with different characteristics and dimensions and with little or no emphasis on standardization. These many fixed targets have good reasons for their design, shapes, fabrication materials and the presence or absence of apertures and fiducials, reflecting the diversity of serial experiments. Given this, it would be a Sisyphean task to design and manufacture a new standard fixed target that would satisfy all possible experimental configurations. Therefore, a simple standardized descriptor to fully describe fixed targets is proposed rather than a standardized device. This descriptor is a dictionary that could be read by fixed-target beamline software and straightforwardly allow data collection from fixed targets new to that beamline. The descriptor would therefore allow a much easier exchange of fixed targets between sources and facilitate the uptake of new fixed targets, benefiting beamlines, users and manufacturers. This descriptor was first presented at, and was developed following, a meeting of representatives from multiple synchrotron and XFEL sources in Hamburg in January 2023.

Hypocrisy in Politics

The charge of hypocrisy is a peculiar kind of accusation: it is damning and ubiquitous; it is used to deny the hypocrite standing to speak; and it is levelled against a great variety of conduct. Much of the philosophical literature on hypocrisy is aimed at explaining why hypocrisy is wrongful and worthy of censure. We focus instead on the use of the accusation of hypocrisy and argue for a revisionary claim. People think that hypocrisy in politics is bad and that calling it out is good. Our novel claim is that even if hypocrisy in politics is bad (and that is a big if), calling it out is worse. We give a feminist case as to why accusations of hypocrisy are problematic. We also go further and claim that hypocrisy is a ubiquitous and perhaps even a necessary and beneficial part of political debate in liberal democracies. We also consider and reject candour as a possible alternative solution to hypocrisy in public debate. We argue that requiring people to be candid is not necessarily a good solution because it will often require one to divulge what is private when there are good reasons not to do so.

Mesenchymal Umbilical Cord Stem Cells Treatment for Autism

The purpose of this case is to see the effects of mesenchymal umbilical cord treatments when applied to patients with Autism. The observations are of patients attending the main clinic, "Celltech Stem Cell and Banking," in Jakarta, Indonesia. Findings on pre-treatments showed abnormally varying behaviors, physically as well as psychologically. The treatments were conducted at the Celltech Stem Cell Lab clinics in Jakarta, based on good reasons that MCSUC are well-sourced, easy to collect and preserved, besides its traits of multi-directional differentiation. Patients undergoing the treatments showed calm and friendly behaviors and of the five cases presented, all fulfilled the pre-set standard criteria of recovery. This research has implications for paving the way for the development of innovative stem cell therapies for children with autism.

Rulings on an Intended Abortion in accordance with Islamic law

Following a discussion of the various reasons why a fetus may be intentionally aborted, this article seeks to address the following question: What are the Sunni jurists' views on the legality of an intentional abortion of a fetus when the mother's life or health is in danger? The response to the question should be given by dividing the fetus' life span into two phases before and after the soul is breathed in, as well as by dividing Sunni jurists into past and present jurists, as well as according to the four well-known Sunni jurisprudence schools. The fundamental standards on which Sunni jurists have founded their opinions must be met in each of the aforementioned areas. Since determining the standards and foundation of their viewpoint can, at least in part, clarify the outcome of other factors that serve as justification for the purposeful abortion of the unborn. Although they have not said what punishment they want. It appears that all of the jurists of the past agreed that it is unlawful to willfully abort once its soul has been breathed, even if doing so would save the mother's life. The decision to purposefully terminate a baby before the soul is inhaled has been discussed from numerous angles by the four illustrious jurisprudential schools, including the majority of modern Sunni jurists, given that a fetus is a respected object at this stage. As a result, when the life of a being with a soul (such as a mother) and a being without a decent soul are in conflict, the life of the being with a soul is given priority. Because for now, saving the mother's life is the least harm that human civilization endures following the principle (of tolerating the least two harms). Some modern jurists think that it is illegal to have an abortion without a good reason if the fetus is intentionally aborted after the soul has been blown. And other people believe it is acceptable to purposefully abort the fetus without having a valid reason. However, all sides agree that if the mother's life is in danger due to the pregnancy, a purposeful abortion of the unborn will not only be acceptable but also required because this is the most obvious instance of a justifiable rationale.

“A breach in the protocol for no good reason”: a surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis experience in an Ethiopian academic medical center

BackgroundAn appropriately administered surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis decreases the rate of surgical site infections. Although evidence-based clinical practice guidelines have been published on surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis, the rate of adherence to the protocol and the impact of extending antimicrobial prophylaxis postoperatively is yet to be well elucidated.MethodA total of general surgery and vascular surgery patients with clean and clean contaminated wound undergoing elective surgical procedures were included in the study. The rate of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis utilization, the proportion of patients whom had their antimicrobial prophylaxis extended beyond 24 h and the rate of surgical site infections across groups were evaluated.ResultsThe surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis utilization rate was 90.5%. Of these patients, 12.6% were unnecessarily administered with antibiotics. An “extended” antibiotics administration beyond 24 h after the surgery was found in 40.2%. Gastrointestinal and hepato-pancreatico-biliary surgery patients had 7.9-fold rate of “extended” surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis beyond 24 h, AOR 7.89 (95% CI 3.88–20.715.62, p value < 0.0001). The overall rate of surgical site infection was 15(6.8%). The “extended” regimen of prophylactic antibiotics had no effect on the rate of surgical site infections.ConclusionLess than half of the patients included here had surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis regimen in accordance with the existing guidelines. The most common protocol violation was noted as extension of antimicrobial prophylaxis for more than 24 h after surgery. The extension of antimicrobial prophylaxis did not decrease the rate of surgical site infections, reaffirming the evidence that prophylactic extension of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis is unnecessary.

Short‐time existence for the network flow

AbstractThis paper contains a new proof of the short‐time existence for the flow by curvature of a network of curves in the plane. Appearing initially in metallurgy and as a model for the evolution of grain boundaries, this flow was later treated by Brakke using varifold methods. There is good reason to treat this problem by a direct PDE approach, but doing so requires one to deal with the singular nature of the PDE at the vertices of the network. This was handled in cases of increasing generality by Bronsard‐Reitich, Mantegazza‐Novaga‐Tortorelli and eventually, in the most general case of irregular networks by Ilmanen‐Neves‐Schulze. Although the present paper proves a result similar to the one in Ilmanen et al., the method here provides substantially more detailed information about how an irregular network “resolves” into a regular one. Either approach relies on the existence of self‐similar expanding solutions found in Mazzeo and Saez. As a precursor to the main theorem, we also prove an unexpected regularity result for the mixed Cauchy‐Dirichlet boundary problem for the linear heat equation on a manifold with boundary.

Exploring the Legality of Artists’ Use of Animals: Ethical Considerations and Legal Implications

A burgeoning field of literature considers animal law, the status of animals as legal objects, the protection of animals in laboratories, wild animals, etc. One aspect not often considered in the literature is the intersection between animal law and freedom of speech and, more specifically, the freedom of speech of artists. While these might seem disparate and mutually exclusive, they are not. A small but notable number of artists use, harm, or even kill animals in the creation of artwork. Elsewhere, this practice has been termed ‘cruel art’, defined as “the infliction of physical and/or emotional pain on non-human animals for the sole purpose of creating art that steps beyond the confines of the artist’s right to freedom of speech”. This article elaborates on the concept of ‘cruel art’ by considering animal law and the artist’s freedom of expression. Interesting questions arise at this intersection: Can the law grant rights or otherwise protect the animal from being used, harmed, or killed for an artwork? Alternatively, can the law encroach on the artists’ freedom of speech to protect the animals? There are good reasons to protect both parties—animals deserve protection from unnecessary suffering, and the artist should not be unduly censored from making art. This article seeks to engage with the following question: how can one consider an animal’s legal standing in relation to an artist’s freedom of speech? In order to answer this question, this article first briefly unpacks the concept of animal law and the need for legal reform in this arena. Secondly, this article considers freedom of speech as it relates to artists specifically. Third, it discusses the rising conflict between the legal protection of animals and the artist’s freedom of expression. This article argues that certain artistic uses of animals should be legally prohibited, despite the fact that artists enjoy the right to freedom of artistic expression.

All Things Considered, Should Egalitarian Movements Accept Philanthropic Funding?

AbstractPhilanthropy is a contentious and often polarising topic within egalitarian social movements. There are good reasons for this. Philanthropy is reliant on the inequalities inherent in the capitalist system, is fundamentally at odds with democratic relationships, and can moderate or control the activities of recipients. This article therefore starts from the premise that philanthropy violates egalitarian ideals in very significant ways. However, it goes on to suggest that, absent a ruptural change that would drastically weaken the bases of philanthropic wealth, there is a strategic and contingent case for its selective use so long as it pushes existing configurations of power in more egalitarian directions. In making this case, the article draws primarily on the work of Wright (2010) but also on recent developments in the political theory of philanthropy. It calls for a critical literacy around philanthropy that combines an openness to experimentation with a clear-eyed sense of its significant risks. In this respect, it outlines specific conditions and strategies that movements should adopt if they pursue or accept philanthropic funding. Firstly, movements must deliberately articulate and actively defend their transformative vision, clarifying in the process the tactical place of philanthropy within this. Secondly, they must resist funder conditionalities, and preserve egalitarian modes of organising in the face of practices which undermine participatory ideals and threaten relations of care and solidarity. The article’s chief contribution is to integrate normative insights with lessons from the sociological literature on movement-philanthropy relations, for the sake of systematically untangling a live and troublesome issue within the praxis of radical movements.

Murphy's Anselmian theism and the problem of evil

Abstract Mark Murphy has recently defended a novel account of divine agency on which God would have very minimal requiring reasons and a wide range of merely justified reasons. This account grounds his response to the problem of evil. If God would not have requiring reasons to promote the well-being of creatures, Murphy argues, then the evil we observe would not count as evidence against theism. I argue that Murphy's conclusion, if successful in undermining the problem of evil, also undermines probabilistic arguments for theism. However, there is good reason to resist his conclusion. Even if God does not have requiring reasons, but merely has justifying reasons, to promote creaturely well-being, God may nevertheless have most motivating reason to do so, and this would be enough to predict divine action, at least given Murphy's further assumption that God is perfectly free. It does not follow from the rational permissibility of God's Φ-ing that it is possible for God to Φ.

Ten good reasons to consider gastrointestinal function after acute brain injury.

The brain-gut axis represents a bidirectional communication linking brain function with the gastrointestinal (GI) system. This interaction comprises a top-down communication from the brain to the gut, and a bottom-up communication from the gut to the brain, including neural, endocrine, immune, and humoral signaling. Acute brain injury (ABI) can lead to systemic complications including GI dysfunction. Techniques for monitoring GI function are currently few, neglected, and many under investigation. The use of ultrasound could provide a measure of gastric emptying, bowel peristalsis, bowel diameter, bowel wall thickness and tissue perfusion. Despite novel biomarkers represent a limitation in clinical practice, intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is easy-to-use and measurable at bedside. Increased IAP can be both cause and consequence of GI dysfunction, and it can influence cerebral perfusion pressure and intracranial pressure via physiological mechanisms. Here, we address ten good reasons to consider GI function in patients with ABI, highlighting the importance of its assessment in neurocritical care.

Good reasons are apparent to the knowing subject

Good reasons are apparent to the knowing subject

Understanding riddah in Islamic jurisprudence: Between textual interpretation and human rights

The application of the death penalty for perpetrators of riddah by fuqaha is a problematic violation of human rights. This is because there is no good reason to show that the punishment for riddah is the death penalty. The existence of the hadith which is considered to be the legitimacy of riddah punishment turns out to be very different from the reality of its application in the history of Islamic criminal law. This article aims to answer academic anxiety about the death penalty for perpetrators of riddah as a result of the ijtihad of fuqaha as well as to confirm the construction of its historical reality in state life. This article finds that some verses of the Qur’an and the hadith which are used as legal basis by fuqaha are only understood textually and treated as absolute theological verses and hadiths, but not based on historical evidence. The history of the application of criminal punishment during the time of the Prophet shows that there is no application of the death penalty to the perpetrators of riddah, except riddah which is followed by criminal acts. So it is not solely because of the act of riddah itself, but because of a greater crime against Islam. The implementation of the death penalty for the perpetrators of riddah which is based on textual interpretation of the hadith, thus has the potential to conflict with the principles of human rights and religious freedom which have been regulated in the Qur’an.Contribution: This study enriches perspectives on the meaning of riddah as one of the strategic issues in Islam and shows that a new interpretation of riddah has become an important idea to promote a peaceful and inclusive society and provide access to justice for all.