Good Processing Properties Research Articles

Enhancing PBAT nanocomposite films: The impact of AgVO3 nanorods on mechanical, hydrophobicity, and antibacterial properties

AbstractPoly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) is popular because of its low cost, biodegradability, good processing properties, flexibility, and mechanical features. In this study, we explore the potential of PBAT‐based bioplastics by adding AgVO3 nanorods with PBAT to reduce costs. We produced nanocomposite films of PBAT reinforced with 1, 3, and 5 wt% of AgVO3 nanorods using solvent casting. The inclusion of AgVO3 in the structure of PBAT was investigated through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The nanocomposite films demonstrate excellent properties, surpassing those of single‐component blends, enhancing mechanical properties, and improving the barrier properties of nanocomposite films. The water vapor transmission rate of AgVO3 reinforced (5 wt%) nanocomposite films improved by 42.45% compared to pure PBAT films. The tensile strength of the PBA‐3 film was 37.19 MPa, exhibiting higher strength than the films produced from clean PBAT (19.73 MPa). The AgVO3‐reinforced films demonstrated increased resistance to moisture and water, as indicated by their higher water contact angle values (88.04°). Food‐borne bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli have been stable to the antibacterial activity of the nanocomposites on the addition of AgVO3.The potential applications of these nanocomposite films in food packaging are promising, offering a sustainable and effective solution to food preservation.Highlights The AgVO3‐filled poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) nanocomposite films exhibit superior mechanical, barrier, and resistance to moisture and water compared to neat PBAT films. The water vapor transmission rate of the film is significantly enhanced, with a 42.45% enhancement in films reinforced with 5 wt% AgVO3. AgVO3‐filled PBAT nanocomposites demonstrate effective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

Ni-Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes/Sulfide Electrolyte Interface in Solid-State Lithium Battery.

Because of the high specific capacity and low cost, Ni-rich layered oxide (NRLO) cathodes are one of the most promising cathode candidates for the next high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries. However, they face structure and interface instability challenges, especially the battery safety risk caused by using an intrinsic flammable organic liquid electrolyte. In this regard, a solid electrolyte with high safety is of great significance to promote the development of energy storage. Among them, sulfide electrolytes are considered to be the most potential substitutes for liquid electrolytes because of their high ionic conductivity and good processing properties. Nevertheless, the interfacial incompatibility between the sulfide electrolyte and NRLO cathode is the critical challenge for high-performance sulfide all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs). In this review, we summarize the problems of the Ni-rich cathode/sulfide solid electrolyte interface and the strategies to improve the interface stability. On the basis of these insights, we highlight the scientific problems and technological challenges that need to be resolved urgently and propose several potential directions to further improve the interface stability. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive understanding and insightful recommendations for the enhancement of the sulfide ASSLBs with NRLO cathode.

A transparent, strong, moldable wood laminated composite as a sustainable decorative building material

Delignified wood (DW) retaining its microstructure has increasingly been used as an alternative to synthetic or natural fibers in the preparation of fiber-reinforced composites for novel light-transmitting, high-strength structural materials. In this study, wood laminated composite (WLC) was prepared by impregnating with cycloaliphatic epoxy resin (CAE) and laminating using DW as a continuous reinforcing fiber. Results showed that DW effectively strengthened the resin matrix, increasing the epoxy resin's strength by 25.44 %, while CAE modified the wood's opacity, achieving a transmittance of up to 74.83 %. The mechanical and optical properties of the WLC can be effectively tuned through various lamination combinations. Additionally, due to the UV curing properties of CAE and its infiltration of DW, uncured WLC had long-term shade storage capability and excellent processability. The WLC developed in this study combines good processing, mechanical, and optical properties, making it an attractive option for sustainable home decoration and lightweight structural materials.

S-Triazine phosphonates as flame retardants for polyurethane and polyisocyanurate rigid foams

The liquid flame retardant tris(2‑chloro-isopropyl) phosphate (TCPP) is widely used in polyurethane and polyisocyanurate rigid foams. However, TCPP is currently under assessment by the European Chemicals Agency ECHA and National Toxicology Program NTP, USA. For this reason, there is a high demand for new flame retardants with similarly good processing and application properties. This paper examines the influence of low-molecular liquid s-triazine phosphonates on the foaming behaviour and flame retardancy of polyurethane and polyisocyanurate rigid foams for building applications. The flame retardant investigations consisted of thermogravimetric analysis of the components and flame retardancy tests performed on the foams: limiting oxygen index, EN 13501 class E, and cone calorimetry. The newly developed class of s-triazine phosphonates are promising flame-retardant candidates with good processing and application properties.

Extrusion and thermoforming of poly(butylene succinate–co‐butylene adipate)/poly(3–hydroxybutyrate–co–3–hydroxyhexanoate) bio‐based blends for the fabrication of disposable packaging

AbstractThermoformed fossil‐based disposable packaging is widely used in everyday life but it represents a serious environmental problem, as it is often incorrectly dispersed or destined to landfills. Bio‐based and biodegradable materials can constitute and effective solution to this issue. Two different blends of poly(butylene succinate‐co‐butylene adipate) (PBSA) and Poly (3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH) were studied as constituents for disposable packaging production. The blends were produced via twin screw extrusion. Sheets were cast extruded and then thermoformed into trays. A rheological, thermal and mechanical characterization was performed on compounds and manufacts. Both blends presented a good processability and interesting properties for packaging application, which can be tailored by varying the percentage of constituent polymers.

Improving the processability and grain structures of additively manufactured Al-Fe-Cu-xZr alloy: Experiment and high-fidelity simulation

Additive manufacturing (AM) offers significant advantages over conventional manufacturing techniques in processing Al alloys, however, high-strength Al alloys produced by AM commonly encounter a few challenges including poor processability and undesirable microstructures with coarse columnar grains and even micro-cracks, leading to poor mechanical properties of the resultant Al alloys. Here, we demonstrate that these issues can be largely resolved by micro-alloying of Zr element in the Al-based alloys. In this study, a series of novel Al-1Fe-0.6Cu-xZr alloys with different content of Zr (x=0.3, 0.6, 0.8, 1.3 at%) are designed and then subjected to laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). It is found that, with increasing Zr content, the processability of Al alloys is significantly improved, as evidenced by the gradual reduction of melt splashing and defects (including pores, balling, necking and discontinuity) during LPBF, which eventually leads to decrease of surface roughness and improvement of processability. High-fidelity simulation reveals that the processability is closely related to the melt velocity gradient (MVG) in melt pools. Increasing Zr content results in a more uniform distribution of MVG and decreased Marangoni convection, which favors the stability of melt pool and good processability. On the other hand, Zr content also plays an important role in microstructure. Although the four LPBF Al alloys all exhibit notably heterogeneous structures with alternate distribution of coarse grain zones (CGZs) and fine grain zones (FGZs) in the whole samples, with increasing Zr content, the coarse columnar grain structure in CGZs is suppressed and transforms to the fine equiaxial grain structure. The occurrence of columnar-to-equiaxed transition (CET) is attributed to the decreased ratio between temperature gradient (G) and solidification rate (R) at the solid-liquid interface with increasing Zr content. In addition, the increase in Zr content also leads to a gradual refinement of the grain size in both CGZs and FGZs due to the increased cooling rate. Beneficial from the good processability and fully refined equiaxial gain structure, nearly full-dense and high-strength Al alloys with 0.8 and 1.3 at% Zr are successfully fabricated, which show a good combination of high strength and ductility. The findings in this work provide a guild for design of novel Al alloys with good processability and advanced mechanical properties for additive manufacturing.

Welding Processing of Medium-Manganese Austenitic Steels for Cryogenic Applications

Abstract For several years, the significance of gaseous energy sources (e. g. liquified natural gas and hydrogen) has been increasing worldwide due to environmental and climate policy requirements. Storage and transportation of the liquids occur under cryogenic conditions. This results in specific requirements for the mechanical properties of the materials used at cryogenic temperatures. Nowadays, cold-tough, high-nickel austenites and martensitic steels of type X8Ni9 are used for such purposes. While austenitic materials offer good processing properties, they are not attractive due to their comparatively low strength and high costs. Welding martensitic steel with commonly used nickel-based additives significantly impacts processing quality and process automation due to high magnetic remanence. Additionally, the increased requirements for the storage of liquid hydrogen regarding low-temperature toughness push the conventional low-temperature materials to their limits. A potential solution to the identified challenges can be achieved by using medium- and high-manganese austenitic steels. Within the scope of this work, the medium-manganese steel X2CrMnNiN1775 (1.4371) is investigated as an economical substitute for the conventionally used materials in cryogenic applications. Considering the relevant qualification requirements for welded joints and welding additives, submerged arc welded joints are investigated and their applicability under cryogenic operating temperatures is demonstrated.

Biodegradable Nanocomposites Based on Blends of Poly(Butylene Adipate-Co-Terephthalate) (PBAT) and Thermoplastic Starch Filled with Montmorillonite (MMT): Physico-Mechanical Properties.

Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) is widely used for production of biodegradable films due to its high elongation, excellent flexibility, and good processability properties. An effective way to develop more accessible PBAT-based bioplastics for wide application in packaging is blending of PBAT with thermoplastic starch (TPS) since PBAT is costly with prices approximately double or even triple the prices of traditional plastics like polyethylene. This study is focused on investigating the influence of TPS/PBAT blend ratio and montmorillonite (MMT) content on the physical and mechanical properties and molecular mobility of TPS-MMT/PBAT nanocomposites. Obtained TPS-MMT/PBAT nanocomposites through the melt blending process were characterized using tensile testing, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as solid-state 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Mechanical properties demonstrated that the addition of TPS to PBAT leads to a substantial decrease in the tensile strength as well as in the elongation at break, while Young's modulus is rising substantially, while the effect of the MMT addition is almost negligible on the tensile stress of the blends. DMTA results confirmed the formation of TPS domains in the PBAT matrix. With increasing TPS content, mobility of starch-rich regions of TPS domains slightly increases. However, molecular mobility in glycerol-rich regions of TPS domains in the blends was slightly restricted. Moreover, the data obtained from 13C CP/MAS NMR spectra indicated that the presence of TPS in the sample decreases the mobility of the PBAT chains, mainly those located at the TPS/PBAT interfaces.

In Situ Polymerization of Antibacterial Modification Polyamide 66 with Au@Cu2O-ZnO Ternary Heterojunction.

In situ polymerization has proven to be an effective route through which to introduce function materials into polyamide materials. In this work, a nano-heterojunction material was evenly dispersed in PA66 via in situ polymerization methods to yield the antimicrobial PA66. The composites showed excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with strong mechanical properties. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that metal ions reacted with oxygen-containing functional groups. In addition, the shift of oxygen peaks in XPS spectra confirmed the occurrence of a complexation reaction. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed the effect of nano-heterojunction, which induced crystallization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed uniform dispersion of heterojunctions in PA66. Tensile testing revealed decreased toughness with higher loadings. The nanocomposite polyamide material has good processing properties which can be processed into thin films, molds, and wires without changing the morphology, and can be widely used in a variety of fields.

Energetic binder - P(AMMO-ab-EG) alternate block copolyethers with strict controlled segment length

The flexibility of high energy polymers is hindered by bulky and polar high energy groups, resulting in reduced mechanical properties. In this paper, poly(3-azidomethyl-3-methyloxetane-glycol) (P(AMMO-ab-EG)) with an alternating block structure was synthesized and characterized. Diethylene glycol and triethylene glycol are used to improve flexibility, which length in this polymer structure is tightly controlled. (P(AMMO-ab-EG)) exhibits good flexibility, suitable viscosity and good thermal stability. It was found that P(AMMO-ab-DEG) exhibited a lower glass transition temperature but higher viscosity and better temperature viscosity sensitivity than P(AMMO-ab-TEG). These results demonstrate that fine tuning of the block length has a greater effect on Tg than on viscosity. This finding is of great significance to prepare energetic polymers with good processing properties and lower Tg value. Al, the prepared (P(AMMO-ab-EG) has excellent compatibility with NG (nitroglycerine) and NP (bis(2,2-dinitropropyl)acetal and bis(2,2- dinitropropyl)formal).

Producing a Room Temperature Phosphorescent Film from Natural Wood Using a Top‐Down Approach

AbstractProducing mechanic robust and sustainable room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) films in a convenient manner is a fundamental requirement but remains challenging. Here, an efficient “top‐down” method for processing natural wood into RTP films is developed. Specifically, natural wood is partially delignified to increase its processability in the first step. After that, the treated wood is converted to W‐film with a tensile strength of 273.6 MPa via mechanical pressing. The lignin units are well confined by cellulose in the W‐film, triggering RTP emission with a lifetime of ≈241.9 ms. Additionally, the W‐film exhibits good processability and energy transfer properties with Rhodamine B (RhB). Therefore, a series of multifunctional afterglow 2D and 3D RTP materials are constructed using W‐film as a building block. This research is expected to result in a convenient and sustainable method for the preparation of RTP films.

Improvement of the flame retardance of epoxy resin composites reinforced with cyclodextrin phosphate melamine salt

AbstractEpoxy resin is widely applied in civil aircraft, automobile and electronics products because of its good processing, adhesion, and mechanical properties, but its application is limited due to its easy combustion. Therefore, it is worthwhile to carry out flame‐retardant treatment for epoxy resin. In this study, a new bio‐based three‐source integrated intumescent flame‐retardant cyclodextrin phosphate melamine salt (CDPM) was synthesized from β‐cyclodextrin, phosphoric acid, and melamine, and it was employed as an additive flame retardant to fabricate CDPM/epoxy resin (CDPM/EP) composites. Thermogravimetric analysis results manifested that CDPM slightly improved the thermal stability of CDPM/EP composites. The CDPM/EP composite containing 10 wt.% CDPM acquired a limiting oxygen index of 32.9% and passed UL94 V‐0 rating. Moreover, the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and total smoke production, were respectively decreased by 46.4%, 55.5%, and 61.8% in contrast with neat epoxy resin. These results demonstrated that CDPM/EP could exert excellent flame retardance and smoke suppression performance. Scanning electron microscope and Raman results confirmed that CDPM facilitated the formation of residual char. Moreover, thermogravimetric/infrared results showed that CDPM/EP produced plenty of phosphorus‐containing free radicals and nonflammable NH3 during pyrolysis process, which played a good flame retardance effect in gas phase. This study provides a new approach for the design and development of low‐cost intumescent bio‐based flame retardant for epoxy resin.Highlights Novel three‐source intumescent bio‐based flame‐retardant CDPM was successfully synthesized. CDPM was incorporated into epoxy resin as an additive flame retardant. Only 10 wt.% CDPM provided 55.5% and 61.8% reductions of total heat release and total smoke production, respectively. CDPM/EP composites exhibited an excellent flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties. The outstanding promoting carbonization effect of CDPM in condensed phase contributes to reduce the release of heat and smoke.

Improving of noodle quality caused by starch-protein interaction of waxy and strong-gluten wheat flour

Waxy wheat flour (WWF) has good processing properties and can be used to enhance the quality of noodles because of its high amylopectin or low amylose content. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between changes in the structural characteristics of waxy wheat starch (WS) and gluten (WG) and changes in noodle quality following molecular interactions with strong-gluten wheat starch (NS) and gluten (NG) by separation and reconstitution methods. The results showed that the noodle quality was better when WWF was added at 15% (w/w). WS promoted the formation of strong crystalline structure of amylopectin, and WG promoted the formation of double-helical short-range molecular structure of starch, and its degree of order was positively correlated with the cohesiveness and water absorption of cooked noodles, and negatively correlated with chewiness. The interaction of WS and WG with NS and NG could improve noodle quality through the change of intermolecular interactions.

Preparation and properties of flame-retardant epoxy prepreg yarn for dry winding

The winding tension of the dry-wound forming process is uniform, the process is easy to control and the structure and performance of the prepared vehicle-mounted hydrogen composite pressure vessels are stable. Since the vehicle-mounted hydrogen pressure vessels must be subjected to rigorous fire experiments, the flame-retardant epoxy prepreg yarn technology is currently monopolized by foreign countries. The development of flame-retardant prepreg yarn with good processing properties is of great significance to the promotion and application of hydrogen pressure vessels. Here, a flame-retardant additive hexaphenoxy cyclotriphosphazene (HPCTP) was synthesized and dissolved in epoxy resin of prepreg yarn named P/N-EP. Then, the flame-retardant prepreg yarn was made by the solution impregnation method. Curing behavior, thermal analysis combustion behavior and mechanical properties of P/N-EP and tensile properties of flame-retardant prepreg yarn were investigated. Experimental results showed that the LOI value reached 36.4% at 10 phr and reached the V-0 level of the UL-94 test. The results about thermal stability of the P-N/EP resin system showed that with the increase of P-N content, T5% (temperature at 5% weight loss) and CY600 (carbon residue rate) both increased. The microstructure of carbon residue after UL-94 test was studied by electron microscope and laser Raman spectrometer. The results showed that with the increase of P-N content, the carbon layer structure became denser and the ID/IG decreased significantly, to achieve the flame-retardant effect by the condensed phase mechanism.

Replacement of Potato Starch with Sorghum Distiller Grains Improves the Quality Characteristics of Emulsified Pork Meatballs

Taiwanese-style emulsified pork meatballs (EPM) (Kung-wan) are the most popular restructured ready-to-eat meat products in Taiwan. However, the quality of EPM is influenced by numerous factors, especially its nonmeat ingredients. Sorghum distillers grains (SDGs) are a byproduct of Taiwanese alcoholic liquor, kaoliang liquor brewing. SDGs have comprehensive nutrients and good processing properties. However, the application of SDGs in EPM has not been reported. For this purpose, we examined the quality of EPM containing SDGs in this study. EPM containing SDGs showed substantially higher hardness (2126.67 to 3515.50 gf), gumminess (1093.79 to 1532.19 gf), chewiness (395.43 to 501.16 mJf), and lower pH values (4.98 to 5.87) compared to those of control (1917.33 gf, 930.81 gf, 389.83 mJf, and 5.99) ( p < 0.05 ); however, EPM did not affect springiness or cohesiveness. Additionally, the control EPM exhibited the highest water-holding capacity (WHC) (94.87%), which did not markedly differ from those of 20% and 40% SDGs ( p > 0.05 ). The control EPM (0% SDGs) showed the lowest cooking loss (5.58%), water loss (3.67%), fat loss (1.31%), and L (54.29), a (4.23), and b values (12.62), which substantially increased with increasing SDGs addition ratios (7.42 to 35.16%, 4.27 to 15.30%, 1.31 to 9.73%, 54.87 to 59.20, 4.26 to 5.67, and 13.81 to 18.51). Therefore, sorghum distiller’s grains can replace potato starch for emulsified meat products such as tribute balls, and produce high-quality products, and promote the added value of SDGs.

Effect of TIG-Welding on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Low-Cost Titanium Alloy Ti-2.8Al-5.1Mo-4.9Fe Welded Joints

Titanium alloys are widely used in aerospace, automotive, biomedical and marine engineering due to their good hot and cold processing properties, fracture toughness, high specific strength and good deformability. Nevertheless, titanium is also characterized by very high production costs, which are approximately 6 times and 30 times higher, respectively, in comparison to those to obtain the same quantity of aluminum or steel relegating titanium to high demanding sectors. One possible way to reduce the cost of titanium is to use cheaper alloying elements instead of vanadium or niobium to stabilize the body-centred-cubic (B.C.C) β-phase. TIG-welding of high-strength low-cost pseudo-β titanium alloys is complicated, primarily due to the high content of alloying elements, such as iron, molybdenum, as well as the use of oxygen as an alloying elements. By the correct choice of welding modes in most cases, it is possible to obtain welded joints of high-strength pseudo-β titanium alloys with good microstructure and mechanical properties. To study the influence of TIG welding on the structure and mechanical properties of low-cost titanium alloy Ti–2.8Al–5.1Mo–4.9Fe, two types of TIG-welding chosen: standard fusion TIG welding and TIG welding on the thin flux layer.

Robust double-network polyvinyl alcohol-polypyrrole hydrogels as high-performance electrodes for flexible supercapacitors

The growing demands of flexible and wearable electronic devices boost the rapid development of flexible supercapacitors (FSCs). Conductive hydrogels are considered to be one type of promising electrode materials for FSCs due to their good processability and electrochemical properties. However, the poor mechanical properties of conductive hydrogels hinder their practical applications. Building robust cross-linked network structures is a feasible way to enhance their mechanical properties. Herein, the double-network polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-polypyrrole (PPy) conductive hydrogels are synthesized by the freeze–thaw and in-situ polymerization method. The double-network structure not only enhances mechanical properties of the hydrogels, but also promotes their electrolyte ion transport. The maximum elongation at break of the optimized PVA-PPy hydrogels can reach 156.4%, and the specific capacitance is 1718.7 mF cm−2 at 0.5 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the energy densities of the symmetrical PVA-PPy FSCs are 46.7 and 13.3 μWh cm−2 at power densities of 200.0 and 2000.0 μW cm−2. Such excellent electrochemical performances and mechanical properties make the synthesized PVA-PPy hydrogels a promising candidate for FSCs.

Role of monomer sequence in the crystallization and rheology of PBAT

Poly(butylene adipate-ran-terephthalate) (PBAT) is a typical biodegradable aliphatic−aromatic polyester. It has been widely used as compost bags, packaging films, and agricultural mulching films because of its complete biodegradability, good processability and mechanical properties, and low water vapor permeability. In this work, we showed that a small difference in the monomer ratio of the BT (butylene terephthalate) and BA (butylene adipate) units of PBAT would lead to significant differences in the continuous sequential block distributions as determined by the high-resolution NMR tests and the first-order Markovian model. As a result, macroscopic properties, such as crystallization behaviors, phase separation behaviors, and rheology, are greatly affected. A PBAT sample with a higher BA content and, consequently, a longer continuous BA block sequence has a lower crystallization temperature, a weaker concentration fluctuation at elevated temperatures, and a stronger strain hardening in melt elongation.

Synthesis and characterization of aromatic copolyesters derived from bisphenol B and phenol red

AbstractA series of novel aromatic copolyesters derived from bisphenol B (BPB) and phenol red (PR) were synthesized by interfacial polymerization. The number‐ and weight‐average molecular weight (Mn and Mw) of the obtained amorphous aromatic copolyesters ranged from 1.06–1.80 × 104 to 2.01–6.17 × 104 g/mol, respectively. Density functional theory calculations showed that the reactivity of BPB was similar to that of bisphenol A. The reaction activation energy of BPB with terephthaloyl and isophthaloyl chloride (TPC and IPC) was 8.23 kcal/mol, and PR with IPC and TPC was 59.30 kcal/mol. Under the influence of the ethyl side group of BPB and the pendant group of PR, the solubility of the aromatic copolymer was improved, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) was 125.1–195.3°C, while Tmax could still be maintained above 525.72°C. The optical transmittance of the copolyesters at 450 nm (T450) was 69.29%–99.41%, and the tensile strength and Young's modulus were in the range of 46.79–58.59 MPa and 1.39–1.86 GPa respectively. All aromatic copolyesters exhibit good mechanical and processability properties and have great application potential as high‐performance plastics.

A critical review on composite solid electrolytes for lithium batteries: Design strategies and interface engineering

The rapid development of new energy vehicles and 5G communication technologies has led to higher demands for the safety, energy density, and cycle performance of lithium-ion batteries as power sources. However, the currently used liquid carbonate compounds in commercial lithium-ion battery electrolytes pose potential safety hazards such as leakage, swelling, corrosion, and flammability. Solid electrolytes can be used to mitigate these risks and create a safer lithium battery. Furthermore, high-energy density can be achieved by using solid electrolytes along with high-voltage cathode and metal lithium anode. Two types of solid electrolytes are generally used: inorganic solid electrolytes and polymer solid electrolytes. Inorganic solid electrolytes have high ionic conductivity, electrochemical stability window, and mechanical strength, but suffer from large solid/solid contact resistance between the electrode and electrolyte. Polymer solid electrolytes have good flexibility, processability, and contact interface properties, but low room temperature ionic conductivity, necessitating operation at elevated temperatures. Composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) are a promising alternative because they offer light weight and flexibility, like polymers, as well as the strength and stability of inorganic electrolytes. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advances in CSEs to help researchers optimize CSE composition and interactions for practical applications. It covers the development history of solid-state electrolytes, CSE properties with respect to nanofillers, morphology, and polymer types, and also discusses the lithium-ion transport mechanism of the composite electrolyte, and the methods of engineering interfaces with the positive and negative electrodes. Overall, the paper aims to provide an outlook on the potential applications of CSEs in solid-state lithium batteries, and to inspire further research aimed at the development of more systematic optimization strategies for CSEs.