Good Postoperative Evolution Research Articles

Antimicrobial therapy in infectious complications of diabetic foot

Abstract Background and aims: The treatment of diabetic foot complications is combined, surgical and medical. The aim of our study was to assess the results of antimicrobial therapy in diabetic foot infections. Material and methods: 100 patients with diabetic foot infections admitted in the Surgery Clinic “I. Juvara” between December 2010 and February 2011 were analyzed. Results: Mean age at presentation was 58.4±9.74 years for women and 63.2±10.53 years for men. Mean diabetes duration was 12.3 years in men and 15.7 years in women. Patients with peripheral arterial disease represented 45% of cases, patients with neuropathy represented 16% of cases and patients with both conditions 39% of the cases. 41 patients suffered minor surgical interventions, 36 patients experienced minor amputations and 23 major amputations (below or above the knee). Antibiotic treatment included cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and combinations with Metronidazole. After treatment, 74% of patients had a good postoperative evolution. For 26 patients a change of the antibiotic was necessary but only in 10 cases this was made according to antibiogram. Conclusions: Surgical debridement and wound management, carefully chosen antimicrobial therapy and treatment of comorbidities are very important for a successful outcome. Initial empirical antibiotic selection should be followed by culture-guided definitive therapy.

Dissecção espontânea da aorta abdominal infrarrenal

A rotura da camada íntima que marca o início da dissecção aórtica se origina na maioria dos casos na aorta torácica, sendo rara a dissecção espontânea da aorta abdominal infra-renal. As três principais causas são: iatrogênica, traumática ou espontânea. A dor abdominal e a isquemia de membros são os sintomas mais comuns e um número significativo de pacientes e´ assintomatico. O diagnóstico tem sido feito através de métodos de imagem como ultrassonografia, tomografia computadorizada, ressonância nuclear magnética e angiografia aliados ao alto índice de suspeição. Relatamos os casos de duas pacientes que apresentaram dissecção de aorta abdominal infrarrenal com quadro de dor abdominal súbita, sem sinais de irritação peritoneal com pulsos presentes e simétricos ao exame físico que deram entrada no pronto socorro do Hospital e Maternidade Celso Pierro da PUC Campinas e que foram tratadas pela equipe de Cirurgia Vascular. As duas pacientes no momento do exame apresentavam-se hipertensas e ao ultrassom apresentavam alteração da conformidade da aorta abdominal que foram tratada s cirurgicamente. Uma paciente foi tratada cirurgicamente submetida a endarterectomia da placa dissecada da aorta abdominal infrarrenal de 2,2 cm de diâmetro e 2,0 cm de extensão. A outra paciente foi submetida a revascularização da aorta abdominal bi-iliaca com prótese de Dacron 16 × 8 mm por apresentar disseccao da aorta abdominal distal. As duas pacientes apresentaram boa evolução pos-operatoria tendo alta hospitalar em bom estado geral.

Filling the nasal dorsum with Gore-tex in rhinoplasties

BACKGROUND: Many autogenous and exogenous materials have been frequently used for the production of grafts and implants in rhinoplasties. The ideal graft or implant should be biocompatible, biointegrated, non-absorbable, and easily moldable and should not cause an inflammatory response. Gore-tex, an expandable form of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has been used since the 1970s for vascular graft production. Although Gore-tex is extremely versatile and has extensive uses and low complication rates, the demonstration of Gore-tex use in aesthetic surgery is very limited in medical literature. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of 7 patients who received Gore-tex implants in order to fill the nasal dorsum from January 2005 to December 2007. All patients were assessed for aesthetic and functional factors and for the presence or absence of complications. RESULTS: All patients had good postoperative evolution, with great satisfaction in terms of aesthetic and functional aspects and no complications. CONCLUSIONS: Gore-tex is a satisfactory synthetic material as it is inexpensive, easily moldable, has good biocompatibility, and has shown no incidence of extrusion or infection in implants used for nasal dorsum filling in previously reported cases

Single block costal cartilage graft in rhinoplasty

INTRODUCTION: It is often necessary to use inclusion materials in rhinoplasty for nose restructuring. The costal cartilage graft is one of the inclusion material options, and its use is indicated when septal cartilage is not available or is not sufficient to provide necessary remodeling of the nose. METHODS: Four patients who, for diverse reasons, had saddle nose or poor projection of the nasal dorsum underwent rhinoplasty. All received a costal cartilage graft carved in an "L" shape. The long branch of the "L" was used to reconstruct the dorsum and the short branch was used to support the new dorsum and the columella, repositioning the nasal tip. RESULTS: All patients had a good postoperative evolution and had no significant complications. There was a clear reconstruction of the dorsum and harmonization of the nasal tip. The results were as expected and were long-lasting. CONCLUSIONS: The use of a costal cartilage graft carved in a single block in rhinoplasty provides enhancement of the nasal dorsum and tip projection, promoting appropriate nasal remodeling

Hiperplasia nodular focal múltipla do fígado: subtipo misto hiperplásico/adenomatoso

Focal Nodular Hyperplasia is a benign lesion of the liver, which usually presents with one or two localizations. We report the uncommon case of a 51-year-old female who presents with right upper quadrant pain that worsened in the previous month, without association with feeding. Four hepatic lesions were evidenced at Computerized tomography, the largest being of 8 cm in diameter, of atypical behavior. She was submitted to hepatic segmentectomy of the segment III. The pathologic diagnosis returned focal nodular hyperplasia mixed hyperplastic and adenomatous sub-type. The patient had a good postoperative evolution and is in ambulatory follow-up.

Hiperandrogenismo avanzado en una mujer postmenopáusica: Caso clínico

We report a 76-year-old woman with a virilization syndrome characterized by progressive androgenic alopecia, clitoris enlargement and hirsutism predominating in the face. Plasma testosterone was 711 ng/dl. Magnetic resonance imaging showed slightly enlarged ovaries with a cyst in the left. A bilateral oophorectomy was performed, demonstrating the presence of a Leydig cell hilar tumor in the right ovary. The patient had a good postoperative evolution with reduction of androgen levels and reversion of alopecia.

Reacción anafiláctica secundaria a quiste hidatídico hepático roto

Anaphylactic reaction secondary to a ruptured liver hydatid cyst. Case report We report a four years old girl consulting in the emergency room for severe abdominal pain and vo- miting secondary to a blunt abdominal trauma during a bicycling accident. A chest and abdomen CAT scan showed ruptured hydatid cysts in the lung and liver and free intraperitoneal fl uid. During evolution, the patient developed respiratory distress, bronchial obstruction, a papular exanthema and edema. Due to lack of response to steroids, she was operated excising the ruptured hepatic cyst and performing a peritoneal lavage. The patient had a good postoperative evolution. In a second surgical procedure, the lung cyst was excised. The patient is currently receiving albendazole and is asymptomatic after nine months of follow up.

Avaliação intraoperatória e planejamento cirúrgico na cardiomiopatia hipertrófica

A male, 45 year old patient, with diagnosis of septum hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, having undergone a cardiofibrilator implant in the past. Despite the optimized clinical treatment, he evolved to a progressive clinical deterioration that led to invasive treatment. However, there was not an important gradient in the exit pathway of the left ventricle (EPLV) at the echocardiogram in rest and the challenging test with dobutamine was non conclusive because it did not reach the preconized cardiac frequency. The intraoperative evaluation with a transesophageal echocardiogram using isoproterenol was fundamental for the diagnosis of the EPLV obstruction. The septum myectomy was performed successfully and the patient presented good post-operative evolution.

Appendagitis in post-laparotomy hernia

We present the case of a 46-year-old woman, with morbid obesity and a history of bariatric surgery with biliopancreatic derivation, and good postoperative evolution. One year after surgery, she presented symptoms of right upper quadrant pain of some hours duration, accompanied by fever and leukocytosis. We performed an abdominal CT with IV contrast which showed clinical indications of acute cholecystitis, although no signs of gallbladder inflammation were observed on ultrasound examination. Tomographic study –figure 1 in axial (A) and sagittal plane (B)– showed an ovoid lesion with the low attenuation characteristic of fat, banded by a hyperdense halo in relation to a postlaparotomy peritoneal defect (arrowheads). The lesion was in the proximity of the hepatic flexure (asterisk). These CT findings are consistent with a diagnosis of epiploic appendicitis within an omental fat collection herniated by a surgical defect (or postlaparotomy hernia).

Tratamiento quirúrgico de fístula arteriovenosa pulmonar en telangectasia hemorrágica hereditaria (Enfermedad de Rendu Osler Weber)

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Report of one case Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome) is an autosomal dominant vas- cular disease that can be associated with pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas. We report a 16 years old female with an Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome and a history of frequent episodes of epistaxis since the age of 10 years. A Chest CAT scan performed on that occasion showed an arteriovenous fistula. The patient presented with progressive dyspnea, low arterial oxygen saturation and clubbing of fingers. An echocardiogram and lung perfusion scintigram confirmed the presence a right to left shunt. The patient was subjected to a lobectomy with a good postoperative evolution.

Costs of bariatric surgery in a teaching hospital and the financing provided by the Public Unified Health System

Analyze the effect of some measures on the costs of bariatric surgery, adopting as reference the remuneration of the procedure provided by the Unified Health System (SUS). A retrospective evaluation conducted in the Costs Section of the University Hospital of Ribeirão Preto, of the costs involved in the perioperative period for patients submitted to bariatric surgery from 2004 to 2007. Changes in the routines and protocols of the service aiming at the reduction of these costs during the study period were also analyzed. Nine patients in 2004 and seven in 2007 submitted to conventional vertical banded 'Roux-en-Y' gastric bypass were studied. All patients presented good postoperative evolution. The average cost with these patients was R$ 6,845.17 in 2004. Even though an effort was made to contain expenditures, the cost in 2007 was of R$ 7,525.64 because of the increase in the price of materials and medicines. The Government remuneration of the procedure in the two years was R$ 3,259.72. Despite the adoption of diverse measures to reduce the expenditures of bariatric surgery, in fact there was an increase in the costs, a fact supporting the necessity of permanent evaluation of the financing of public health.

Hemicolectomía derecha laparoscópica por puerto único para cáncer de colon

Single-port access right laparoscopic hemicolectomy for colon cancer A new laparoscopic technique allows a peritoneal access through a single umbilical port with less abdominal wall trauma and pain. We report a 64 years old male with a right colon adenocarcinoma, detected during a routine colonoscopy. The patient was subjected to a right laparoscopic hemicolectomy through a single SILS ® Multiple Instrument Access Port, that can accommodate up to three instruments introduced through a 3 cm paraumbilical incision. The surgical procedure was uneventful and the patient had a good postoperative evolution. The pathological study of the surgical piece confirmed the presence of an adenocarcinoma with invasion of the submucosa and without lymph node involvement.

Hemorragia rectocolónica aguda masiva secundaria a colitis ulcerosa asociada a lipodistrofía mesentérica colónica

Mesenteric lipodystrophy associated to ulcerative colitis. Case report Mesenteric lipodystrophy is part of a spectrum of idiopathic primary inflammatory and fibrotic processes that affect the mesentery. Pathophysiologically, these processes may affect the integrity of the gastrointestinal lumen and mesenteric vessels by a mass effect. We report a 64 year old male with an ulcerative colitis who consulted in the emergency room due to hematochezia. The computed tomography revealed a marked mesenteric thickening and colon and rectal wall lesions. The patient was subjected to a proctocolectomy with a good postoperative evolution.

Uso de colgajos musculares en las perforaciones traumáticas del esófago

Use of muscular flaps to repair traumatic esophageal perforations. Report of two cases The management of esophageal perforations is variable, ranging from conservative management to esophageal excision. Muscular flaps are used specially when there are associated lesions in trachea or aorta. We report two patients managed using this last technique. A 31 years old woman that received a gun shot in the neck that was operated, repairing two tracheal and two esophageal perforations. The patient had to be reoperated 28 days later, due to a dehiscence of the esophageal suture. A muscular flap was used to repair the lesion with a good postoperative evolution. A 17 years old male that received a gunshot in the left supraclavicular region. Eight days later, he was operated, draining a right empyema and repairing an esophageal perforation using a muscular flap. The patient had a good postoperative evolution.

Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) in the treatment of postoperative colorectal stenosis

BACKGROUND: Strictures of low colorectal anastomosis are increasing by use the anastomotic stapler. There are many kinds of treatments like dilation, transanal rectotomy, and resection with linear or circular stapler. Other methods includes endoscopic knifes, absorbable sutures and laparotomy. The Transanal Endoscopic Microsurgery (TEM) has been used to treat postoperative anastomotic stenosis. CASES REPORT: Three cases of anastomotic strictures after low colorectal anastomosis were treated with TEM with success in medium follow-up. They had a good postoperative evolution without recurrence of symptoms and stenosis. CONCLUSION: The new TEM surgical approach seems to be a safe choice for the treatment of the postoperative colorectal stenosis.

Mixoma gigante em átrio esquerdo: relato de caso

In this study is reported the case of a 63-year-old-woman with history of dyspnea, palpitations, and precordial pain who underwent cardiologic evaluation. The physical examination did not reveal abnormalities. The echocardiogram showed great mass in the left atrium, suggesting myxoma which was confirmed by tomography and catheterization. The patient underwent surgical treatment with a good postoperative evolution. The diagnosis of myxoma was confirmed by histopathologic study. In this study is included a bibliographic review and a comment emphasizing the diagnostic difficulty based on signs and symptoms, as well as the details about the development of bilateral pleural effusion possibly related to the myxoma.

NOTES Transvaginal Cholecystectomy: Report of the First Case

Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery is a new development area with potential advantages for patients. However, technical and ethical challenges involved in perforation and closure of a healthy organ, as seen in transgastric access, and lack of comprehension of physiopathology of these approaches haven't allowed clinical application. The present study, based on previous animal experiments, describes the first clinical application of transvaginal Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery. On March 13, 2007, a 43-year-old female patient with symptomatic cholelithiasis with surgical indication was submitted to elective Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery transvaginal cholecystectomy using a colonoscope, endoscopic graspers, and vaginal platform instruments. Operative time was 66 minutes, and vaginal access and closure were obtained in 15 minutes. The patient had good postoperative evolution and was dismissed within 48 hours without complications. Recent literature and experience of the present study group suggest possibilities for preliminary clinical applications by transvaginal natural orifice surgery. The access may offer earlier benefits in the literature than the transgastric route because of lack of danger of fistula and peritonitis. Further studies regarding instrument development and physiology of natural orifice surgery are ongoing, possibly bringing solutions for more advanced procedures.

Austrian syndrome: A clinical rarity

We present a case of classical Austrian syndrome in a 55-year-old man with a history of alcoholism. The rapid destruction in aortic valve cusps caused perforations with severe aortic insufficiency, acute pulmonary edema, and determined an urgent aortic valve substitution with good postoperative evolution. The review of the literature suggests cardiac surgery in this syndrome to improve the poor survival with conservative treatment. We recommend early surgery in these cases because of the fast impairment of the patient and valvular tissue destruction detected in intraoperatory examination.

Glioma cordoide del III ventrículo: Nuevo caso y revisión de la literatura

Chordoid glioma of the third ventricle is an infrequent brain tumour that was described for the first time by Brat et al. in 1998; since then, only 39 cases have been reported. We present a new case of chordoid glioma of the third ventricle in a 51-year-old-man that was treated with total surgical removal, with a good initial postoperative evolution. Sudden death, most likely due to a massive pulmonary embolism, occurred in the third postoperative day. We present the histological characteristics of the tumour and review the literature regarding this entity.

Complicação vascular de osteocondroma: relato de caso

Osteocondromas ou exostoses são os tumores benignos mais comuns do tecido ósseo. Eles surgem durante o período de crescimento e, raramente, são responsáveis por complicações vasculares. No presente relato, reportamos um caso de paciente com osteocondroma no membro inferior e complicação vascular provocada pela compressão da artéria poplítea. O paciente apresentava queixas de dor em membro inferior direito quando foi investigado com angiografia e radiografia, que identificaram a lesão vascular e a tumoração óssea. Os tratamentos cirúrgicos simultâneos de ambas as lesões foram realizados com boa evolução pós-operatória.