Good Neighbor Research Articles

Good Neighbor in the American Historical Imagination: Mexican American Intellectual Thought in the Fight for Civil Rights, 1930s–1940s

Abstract This article argues that historical narrative has held a significant role in Mexican American identity formation and civil rights activism by examining the way Mexican Americans in the 1930s and 1940s used history to claim full citizenship status in Texas. In particular, it centers on how George I. Sánchez (1906–1972), a scholar of Latin American education, revised historical narrative by weaving history and foreign policy together through a pragmatic lens. To educators and federal officials, Sánchez used this revisionist history to advocate for Mexican Americans, insisting that the Good Neighbor policy presented the United States with the chance to translate into reality the democratic ideals long professed in the American historical imagination. The example of Sánchez also prompts us to reexamine the historiography in our present day: How do we define the tradition and trajectory of Mexican American intellectual thought in U.S. history? This article posits that when Sánchez and other Mexican Americans thought about their community’s collective identity and civil rights issues through history, they were contributing to a longer conversation driven by questions about identity formation and equality that first emerged at the end of the U.S. War with Mexico in 1848. These questions remain salient in the present, indicating the need for a historiographic examination that will change how we imagine the tradition of intellectual thought in the United States.

Accelerated Cuckoo Search With Extended Diversification and Intensification

Metaheuristics have been great to solve NP-hard class problems in the deterministic time, but due to so many parameter settings, they lack in generality (i.e., not easy to implement on all types of problems) and also lack in global search. But the cuckoo search (CS) algorithm has only one parameter as input and also has a good reachable probability to global solution due to Levy flight. But this algorithm lacks self-adaptive parameters and extended strategies. In this paper, a deep study and improvement of cuckoo search performance has been done by introducing self-adaptive step size, extended alien egg discovery replacement (on each dimension with the use of good neighbor study), and adaptive discovery probability, and it has been named accelerated cuckoo search (ACS). Then this ACS has been utilized as an example in the load balancing problem in cloud with minimum makespan time as an objective parameter to evaluate the performance of ACS over CS. Furthermore, to validate ACS superiority over CS in all problems, these have been successfully compared on a few benchmark functions.

The Politics of Cleaning in Doris Lessing’s 1980s Realist Fiction: The Diary of a Good Neighbour (1983) and The Good Terrorist (1985)

The Politics of Cleaning in Doris Lessing’s 1980s Realist Fiction: <i>The Diary of a Good Neighbour</i> (1983) and <i>The Good Terrorist</i> (1985)

Ode to a good neighbor.

Ode to a good neighbor.

Review: Bossa Mundo: Brazilian Music in Transnational Media Industries, by K. E. Goldschmitt

Review: <i>Bossa Mundo: Brazilian Music in Transnational Media Industries</i>, by K. E. Goldschmitt

“The One Bright Spot”: Presidential Personal Diplomacy and the Good Neighbor Policy

AbstractIn the 1930s and 1940s, personal diplomacy by U.S. presidents was still in its infancy, but it was central to the Good Neighbor policy in Latin America. To overcome years of mistrust, U.S. presidents, both at home and abroad, tried to personally convince their Latin American counterparts of their sincerity for more equitable relations. This article examines how Calvin Coolidge, Herbert Hoover, and especially Franklin Roosevelt used leader‐to‐leader diplomacy to change perceptions of the United States in Latin America and usher in a new era in hemispheric relations. The diplomacy of the Good Neighbor policy also had implications for the presidency, as it foreshadowed what would become standard practice for modern presidents.

The New Education Fellowship, the Progressive Education Association, and the US Department of State: South America as part of a complex entanglement

ABSTRACT In 1943, a report sent to the executive board of the New Education Fellowship (NEF) informed the board that, during a trip to South America in 1942, Carleton Washburne had formed sections in Colombia, Ecuador, Chile, Paraguay, and Brazil on the NEF’s behalf. In some publications, Washburne mentions that it was a study trip commissioned by the US Department of State but does not refer to the NEF. These documents lead to different narratives when analysed separately, but they reveal unexpected connections when confronted together. In 1941, the NEF’s Eighth International Conference was held in the USA in Ann Arbor, Michigan. The conference in the USA was a unique opportunity to strengthen the bonds with Latin American countries that, until that moment, had barely participated in NEF activities. However, the conference also coincided with the US political agenda related to the Good Neighbour policy. Some months later, Washburne started his trip to South America, which was commissioned by the Division of Cultural Relations, a division of the US Department of State. Between April and September 1942, he visited schools, met political authorities and renowned educators, and delivered lectures on the New Education. Based on Washburne’s trip to South America, the following article explores how the New Education Fellowship, Progressive Education Association, and US Department of State were intertwined. Thus, using the vestiges and traces left in different documents such as correspondence, reports, magazines and newspapers, I explore the notion of networks while turning the scales of analysis towards a connected history.

Present Trajectories in Amazonian Studies: Intimate Frontiers

Present Trajectories in Amazonian Studies:Intimate Frontiers Daniel Hernández Guzmán Felipe Martínez-Pinzón and Javier Uriarte. Intimate Frontiers: A Literary Geography of the Amazon. Liverpool, England: Liverpool UP, 2019. 275 pp. ISBN 978-1-78694-183-1 Felipe Martínez-Pinzón and Javier Uriarte. Intimate Frontiers: A Literary Geography of the Amazon. Liverpool, England: Liverpool UP, 2019. 275 pp. ISBN 978-1-78694-183-1 The book Intimate Frontiers: A Literary Geography of the Amazon, compiled by Juan Felipe Martínez Pinzón and Javier Uriarte, is a crucial work on Amazonian history and literature. Published in 2019, in the midst of a global environmental crisis, this book emerges at a critical moment in which the Amazonian territory takes on particular relevance both for its biological diversity and for being a space where myriad native and non-native peoples coexist. Intimate Frontiers offers a detailed look at the Amazon archive through a compilation of articles dealing with texts from diverse Amazonian origins and different historical periods. From an oikographic perspective, the essays collected in this book propose an image of the Amazon as an inhabited space in contrast to two metaphors traditionally linked to this territory: uninhabitable Green Hell and utopian El Dorado. Although organized in chronological order, three thematic lines run through the book's structure: territorial disputes over the region, forms of transculturation, and domestic and intimate Amazonian experiences. First, the book examines how the Amazon has been territorially perceived, represented, and mapped by different nations. These analyses continue Mary Louise Pratt's tradition by looking at how this territory's history emerges from gazes and descriptions from metropolitan or foreign audiences. The first three essays in the book unpack how authors from Colombia, Perú, and Brazil have represented and mapped the Amazonian territory for the sake of national interests and claims. In his essay, Felipe Martínez-Pinzón compares how early twentieth-century Colombian writers Miguel Triana and Rafael Uribe Uribe's texts serve different political projects that seek to integrate the Amazonian territory and its inhabitants within Colombian national borders. Similarly, Cristobal Cardemil-Krause analyzes how Peruvian writer Hildebrando Fuentes omits reports of the violence caused by rubber extraction in his Amazonian writings, seeking the central Peruvian government's support of modernizing projects in Loreto. From there, Cynthia Torres uses the emblematic case of Euclides da Cunha to examine the narrative mechanisms through which metropolitan Brazil justified its governance [End Page 186] of Acre. Torres argues that da Cunha, like the Brazilian state, questioned Peruvian government's presence in the Amazon, arguing against its rubber industry, while, due to the historical cessions of territory to Brazil, he mediated in favor of Bolivia's authority over this territory. Finally, through an analysis of Disney's documentary The Amazon Awakens (1944), Barbara Weinstein unveils an interventionist rhetoric that appeals to the figure of the "good neighbor" and presents the Amazonian people's interests as aligned with those of the global North, lacking only foreign intervention to achieve modernization. These studies offer new perspectives on the modalities used by several nations in the Amazon to (re)claim the Amazon as a national space. By inquiring about the literature stemming from transculturation between European and Native American narratives, some essays in this collection answer to a tradition that includes Ángel Rama and Ana Pizarro. In her article, Charlotte Rogers looks at Órphãos do Eldorado (2008) by Brazilian Manuel Hatoum rewrites mythical Amazonian narratives in conjunction with the European myth of El Dorado. Rogers highlights Hatoum's uses both traditions to question and reimagine the hybrid history of Amazonian modernity. Similarly, Rick Bolte analyzes the translation and reception of Yuruparí, arguing that this indigenous narrative acquires the form of a legend by virtue of translation, first into Italian and then into Spanish. By exploring the intersections between a Native American narrative form and western gender expectations, Bolte questions the character of Yuruparí as a legend and as a foundational literary text in Colombia. Likewise, Lucía Sá departs from the theoretical frame of perspectivism, developed by the anthropologist Eduardo Viveiros de Castro, to revisit the Penón myths compiled by Theodor Koch-Grundberg. S...

A Knock at the Door

A Knock at the Door CJ Green (bio) Whosoever is the kind of person that strolls up to your door at night and tries to make small talk like a good neighbor in the year two thousand nineteen is a real piece of work, and they haven't read any true crime, that's obvious, whispered my boyfriend Kevin when he refused to open up at 9pm on a Friday. We were sitting on his white carpeted floor, our backs to the couch. His legs were stretched out and crossed at the ankles, his toes wrinkled and pale as if he'd just taken a cold bath. He placed his arm around my shoulders. It felt heavy and awkward, but I was glad to have it there. Before Kevin, I hated men. I still hate men, but Kevin's an exception. Kevin likes elves more than sports, speaks emphatically, never angrily. He talks a lot about crime and freak accidents but listened quietly when I told him about the ghost I saw when I was seven. It hadn't done anything, I told him, just stared at me from the corner of Mom's bedroom, a silver light, an androgynous childlike face. Kevin's townhome was bare in the way that only a bachelor's could be. Here and there, on end tables and on the floor, were Nat Geos and pamphlets with coupons and slim clothing catalogues he'd never signed up for. Animal heads had been mounted between windows, a snarling boar slain by his dad, and a buck that I couldn't bring myself to look at long enough to count its points. The place seemed big and empty, every sound thunderous: the ice machine, the air conditioning, a drip in the gutter outside. It was late May. The windows were open, blinds were drawn. The lights were on. We heard the knock again. I looked at Kevin with a panicked face and then laughed silently, embarrassed. It was only a knock after all. I mouthed, Go see! He wouldn't. We never heard the visitor's footsteps recede, only a soft rustle in the grass a few minutes later. Time passed, the two of us staring at each other, chests rising and falling. It was impossible to say how long [End Page 56] we waited for some other noise or movement from the other side of the door. Nothing came. Kevin and I had been together awhile, several months, depending on which of us you asked. I would have said two months. I count from the day he said he loved me, which came out like a burp, sudden and a little aggressive, and possibly because he couldn't keep it down. I'd said it back, wondered whether I was lying. I knew that I liked his company. Kevin counted from the day he asked me to move in with him, three months ago. I had said no. In his mind, Shall we live together? was about the same as, Will you be my girlfriend? Kevin moved faster than I did. I was thirty-five, and he was my first boyfriend, and whether or not it worked out, he would probably be my last. I wouldn't do all this again, the texting and playing. I'd lived alone since college. One bedroom, one bathroom was all I needed. What if that was God at the door? I asked eventually. I crossed a leg over his. What if we didn't open up for God? Then good, Kevin said. I don't want to die yet. You're thinking of the Grim Reaper. Well, and I don't want to see him, either. Who do you think it was then? I realized we might never know. Maybe it was a neighbor, I said next. Maybe you'll hear from someone tomorrow who will say, I came by but no one answered. Kevin said he knew the neighbors, and the neighbors would text. He squeezed my arm. It wasn't a neighbor. That night I fell asleep in his bed, in his Capitals sweatshirt with the deodorant stains, my head crooked against his awful...

Pakistan as Ideological Islamic state and relations with China: Historical Perspective

The study examines China-Pakistan relations in historical perspective. Pakistan was founded on the basis of the ideology of Islam. The Islamic Republic of Pakistan has emerged as China’s closest ally. Pakistan and China got independence after much bloodshed and sacrifices. Chinese adhered to the communist ideology which is opposed to capitalism, while Pakistan followed Islamic principles. Despite having two different and contradictory ideologies, China and Pakistan are not inhibited by barriers to social and cultural differences. The bilateral relations between China and Pakistan gradually grow due to strategic gains for either country overshadowing the cultural and social hindrances and ideological differences. The mutual interest made them all weather friends. Mutual diplomatic interests and pressing regional and international politics brought Islamabad and Beijing adjacent to one another to resolve their issues amicably. So, both countries started to cooperate on the diplomatic front. Pakistan extended its support on each diplomatic front and desisted from intrusive in the internal affairs of China who to is not without problems. China too was in need of a friend and good neighbor in the long struggle of international politics.

Hemispheric Integration: Materiality, Mobility, and the Making of Latin American Art by Niko Vicario

Reviewed by: Hemispheric Integration: Materiality, Mobility, and the Making of Latin American Art by Niko Vicario Álvaro Ramírez Vicario, Niko. Hemispheric Integration: Materiality, Mobility, and the Making of Latin American Art. U of California P, 2020. Pp. 312. ISBN 978-0-52031-002-5. In Hemispheric Integration: Materiality, Mobility, and the Making of Latin American Art, Niko Vicario demonstrates the process under which a new “geocultural category” called Latin American art came into existence toward the middle of the twentieth century. As was the case with their literary counterparts of the same era, Latin American painters were preoccupied with [End Page 310] establishing cultural and artistic singularity along with a market for their work beyond their national borders. However, the author reveals how the success of this endeavor was largely due to a political and cultural shift in which the United States gained international prominence and New York became the center of the art world. In the introduction, Vicario gives an overview of the sociocultural, political and economic terrain. He posits that prior to 1900, art was part of the import-export scheme that governed Latin American international relations where aesthetics came from abroad, mainly Europe. Influenced by José Enrique Rodó and José Martí, artists sought to break their cultural dependency by striving to create a mobile art, both national and Latin American, that could be exported and integrated in an international market. This shift occurred at the same time that the United States was displacing European domination and implementing the Good Neighbor policy that sought to integrate the hemisphere for strategic reasons, which included promoting closer intercultural relations. But even as they attempted to free themselves from the grasp of the West, Latin American artists were still in some way dependent on the metropolis for their existence, as the system retained the economic structure of import-export whereby art and painters substituted raw materials exported no longer to Europe but to the United States. The opening chapter meticulously traces the travels of David Alfaro Siqueiros throughout North and South America, as well as Cuba, as he innovates with new materials to modernize mural painting and leave behind what he calls “folk art for export.” Siqueiros becomes mobile and able to successfully create a geographically expansive art that encompasses more than the national. Vicario emphasizes how the muralist went from a collaborative phase imbued by revolutionary fervor critical of the connivance of fascism and capitalism to a more personalized work espousing a view increasingly in harmony with the economic and political interests of the United States. This change in Siqueiros’s politics appears to coincide with his collaboration with Nelson Rockefeller who also pursued a model of regional integration on behalf of the United States and MoMA. In the end, Siqueiros comes across as another “Millionaire’s painter,” something he had accused Diego Rivera of being. However, Vicario leaves us wondering to what degree Siqueiros was aware of the contradictions that ensued from his association with American capitalists. The second chapter focuses on Joaquín Torres-García, who after forty years of residing in Europe returned to his native country, Uruguay, to promote an alternative modern “morphological art” that stood in contrast not only to Europe but especially to Mexican muralism, as it downplayed politics and social realism. Torres-García likewise differed from the muralists in his attempt to produce art on an import substitution model that emphasized creating with resources at hand. This led to a mixture of primitivism and Constructivism posited as an autochthonous, modern, Latin American art, though Vicario rightly indicates its strong affinities with European artistic endeavors. The author highlights the importance of Torres-García’s work in shaping hemispheric integration underscoring the great influence he had on American artists, surpassing that of the muralists. His impact on Latin American painters was also remarkable yet in later years they rejected the “double aspect” of his art as retrograde. The third chapter is most illuminating as it explores Nelson Rockefeller’s role in constructing hemispheric integration. Vicario deftly delineates how the American industrialist weaved a network of commercial, political and artistic ties with Latin America much to the benefit of the United States...

The phenomenon of happiness in the Muslim tradition

The need for research in the field of the designated problems is determined by the changing circumstances of the life of modern society on a global scale. In recent years, interfaith interactions in the world have not inspired optimism on improving intercultural contacts (one can mention the rejection of the policy of multiculturalism in Western Europe, terrorist attacks in France and other places, conflicts in the Middle East, etc.). The modern world demonstrates a blatant misunderstanding of others by social communities and the increasing conflict nature of the social environment. Hence the importance of academic developments of a humanistic nature. The author’s goal is to show the general and specific understanding of the phenomenon of happiness in Muslim culture. The Muslim tradition sees the happiness of a Muslim in a deep faith in Allah and adherence to a behavioral model, the example of which is the Prophet Muhammad. It is in the observance of Sharia law that lies the foundation of stability in the life of the global ummah (Muslim community) itself, as well as its relations with the outside world. The work methods for this paper were, first of all, a content analysis of Muslim texts, a review of the historiography of the problem of understanding of happiness by Muslims, as well as direct contact with the Nizhny Novgorod Muslim Tatars during field studies expressed in in-depth interviews (1995–2000). The novelty of the work lies in the choice of the Muslim discourse of understanding happiness as the object of the author’s consideration. As a result of the study, the author comes to confirm the idea that knowledge about the worldview attitudes of other cultures can help relieve tension in human communications at different levels. The data stated above are a confirmation of the Qur’anic tradition of finding means for peaceful communication between different ethnicities, as well as the works of Muslim scholars aimed at establishing good neighbor relationships in strengthening intercultural communication.

Serving Rural Communities Experiencing Homelessness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Adaptations of a Student Driven Telehealth Model

The COVID-19 pandemic incited innovation across healthcare; at the Geisel School of Medicine, medical students launched a telehealth program in partnership with Good Neighbor Health Clinic (GHNC), a free clinic in Vermont, and The Upper Valley Haven, a homeless shelter and food bank, to serve people experiencing homelessness. This program pairs people experiencing homelessness with medical student volunteers who serve as healthcare partners. Medical students assist referred patients with issues related to the social determinants of health, such as registering for Medicaid, finding a primary care provider, and connecting with medical and mental health services. Since its inception, the telehealth program has matched over 60 individuals with volunteers, serving both as a conduit for healthcare assistance and as a means of connection in a time of isolation. This article discusses how the program has adapted throughout each phase of the pandemic and draws from program experience to emphasize telehealth as an essential tool in caring for people experiencing homelessness as the pandemic continues to transform healthcare.

Joaquín Ortega: Pan-Americanism at the University of New Mexico by Russ Davidson

Reviewed by: Joaquín Ortega: Pan-Americanism at the University of New Mexico by Russ Davidson Cynthia E. Orozco Joaquín Ortega: Pan-Americanism at the University of New Mexico. By Russ Davidson. ( Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2020. Pp. 248. Illustrations, appendix, notes, bibliography, index.) Russ Davidson highlights Spaniard Joaquín Ortega's role in developing Pan-Americanism at the University of New Mexico (UNM). This is not a narrow biography focused on one man's greatness in creating a university program; rather, it is a comprehensive study of UNM's uneven development of its Latin American and Hispanic studies programs. The author addresses what specific university presidents, faculty members, and community leaders thought about New Mexico's place in the United States and Latin America and how they did or did not support Pan Americanism at UNM from the 1890s to the 1950s. One result of Davidson's placing the university and the state in a hemispheric setting is that Pan-Americanism can be seen as a response to a famous question from University of California historian Herbert Eugene Bolton: "Do the Americas share a common history?" Following the rise of Euro-American interest in New Mexico's Spanish past and politician Octaviano Larrazolo's long fight for the Hispano cause, UNM first developed a keen interest in Latin American and Hispano studies in the 1920s. The 1930s saw UNM president James F. Zimmerman support these interests by hiring Joaquín Ortega, whom he saw as an "insider" (125) due to his Spanish origin but as an "outsider" (88) [End Page 114] thanks to a century of debate about race that assumed Anglo superiority. The president gave Ortega carte blanche, but when Zimmerman died, Ortega encountered the whims of other presidents and faculty members who cared less about Latin America and the "little Latin America" (80) found in New Mexico. By 1951 UNM had thirty-four courses on Latin America and Hispanos. The United States' global reach into Asia in the 1950s, competing academic interests, and White disinterest in Hispanics led to a declining focus on Pan Americanism. At the national level, high interest in Pan Americanism arose from President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Good Neighbor policy during World War II. The Institute of Inter-American Affairs was created at UNM in 1941, and Ortega was its director from its founding to 1948. U.S. commitment to Pan Americanism reflected short-term strategic goals and not a true commitment to racial equality or empowerment of Latin American nations or its peoples. Nonetheless, Ortega championed Pan Americanism, and established academic excellence at UNM, even creating an artistin-residence program that hosted renowned artist Jesús Guerrero Galván of Mexico. Ortega admired George I. Sánchez's book Forgotten People: A Study of New Mexicans (Calvin Horn Publishers, 1940) about Taos Hispanos that "laid the ideological foundation" (11) for Ortega's institute and its goal of serving both local and state Hispano communities. Ortega advocated Spanish-language instruction in the state's public schools, edited the New Mexico Quarterly, and oversaw one of the first Hispanic studies bibliographies in the United States. Davidson chides Ortega for his "silence" (152) at UNM faculty meetings, but Ortega was walking on thin ice as a foreigner, likely with an accent, and a man of color. Further, there was hardly a cohort of Hispano colleagues. Faculty members Aurelio Espinosa, Arturo Campa, and George I. Sánchez were treated unfairly by UNM, Davidson noted, and there were only a few Hispana professors, such as Anita Osuna Carr in the 1920s and Mela Sedillo Brewster in the 1930s. In Texas, scholars have identified similar barriers confronting Carlos E. Castañeda and Sánchez at the University of Texas at Austin, but both were still prolific writers and activists. Instead of writing an epilogue about several commissioned Pan American artworks at UNM that addresses the continuing, perplexing question of ethnic identities, Davidson might have turned his attention to the rise of Chicano Studies in the 1970s, the Southwest Hispanic Research Institute in the 1980s, and the Center for Regional Studies in the 1990s, all of which showed a continuation of at least some aspects of...

Efficient Resource Allocation in Hybrid Wireless Networks Increase the Capacity

In many wireless sensor network (WSN) the Mobile sinks(MSs) are very essential applications for efficient data gathering, restricted sensor reprogramming, and for distinguishing and revoking compromised sensors. The sensor network that formulate use of the existing 2-tier security structure, elevate a new protection challenge i.e an attacker can easily create a replicated node and can gain control of the data in the network. This project describes a polynomial pool based approach hybrid three-tier general framework that permits the use of any pairwise key predistribution scheme as its basic component. In this technique we implement a special kind of sensor node, which is called as polynomial pool. This sensor node not the part of actual communication. Polynomial pool checks all key of that intruder node and if key matches it allowed that node into network otherwise throwaway from the network. In this project we implemented a new technique with an algorithm named GNDA Good Node Detection Algorithm Based Approach technique with Wireless Sensor Networks. As we all know that, secured files are easily hacked by attacked by they are using several software. In my project the main aim is to avoid this kind of attackers &amp; also increase the capacity by sending by files. Propose a Hybrid Distributed Three-hop Data Routing protocol (HDTR). HDTR protocol improves the Network efficiency and reduces the Overhead. This will also identify the good neighbor node to transfer the data.

Stitching story and life together: Participatory textile making practices at a Harlem gallery

What brings a tourist from Italy, a lifelong resident of Harlem and a graduate student from a local university together? Crochet hooks, knitting needles, an assortment of green acrylic yarn and time and space for community craftivism. This case study focuses on crossing boundaries through participatory textile making, making time and space for relationship building in the changing neighbourhood of Harlem and practicing institutional stewardship as a ‘good neighbour’. The Walls-Ortiz Gallery and Center – the arts and research space of City Seminary of New York, an intercultural urban theological learning community – affords an opportunity to explore what happens when lives and stories are stitched together through participatory textile practices. Through the lenses of the EcCoWell learning neighbourhood approach and craftivism, this documentation and reflection of data from collaborative yarn bombing and community quilt-making projects over the past two years provide insights on lessons, challenges and opportunities of these community-oriented practices.

No City for Old People

Our good friend and neighbor, Miguel R. de la Iglesia, works as a doctor in a primary care center in a traditional and outlying neighborhood of the city of A Coruña (Spain). Among his functions is to visit those patients who cannot travel to his office. Perhaps they are bedridden, very ill; or perhaps convalescent. However, the illness of most is none other than old age and loneliness. They are old, alone and living in aging buildings. They lack the strength to go down and up the stairs that separate them from the street. They have no elevator and no means to install and maintain it. Nor do they have the resources to go to a residence, and quite often they don’t want to leave ‘their’ home either. Without a doubt, the same thing will happen in other areas of our city. The situation of these people is reflected in public statistics. In Spain, one in four households is inhabited by a single person, which means that of all households, 25% are single-person households. And practically half of these households are inhabited by people over 65 years of age, three out of every four of whom are women. By the way, the Spanish population over that age in 2019 was 19.40%. A situation that marks a trend, or at least marked it until the coronavirus: WHO estimates establish that by 2050, people over 60 years will represent 22% of the inhabitants of the planet.

“Operation Good Neighbor”—Israel and the Rise and Fall of the “Southern Syria Region” (SSR)

“Operation Good Neighbor”—Israel and the Rise and Fall of the “Southern Syria Region” (SSR)

Generating row–column field experimental designs with good neighbour balance and even distribution of treatment replications

AbstractBlocking is a standard strategy for improving the precision of randomized experimental designs. In field trials, it is usually beneficial to impose blocks in both row and column directions. A common problem with classical randomized row–column designs is that replications of a treatment may be clustered and that some pairs of treatments appear next to each other rather more often than others. Such patterns adversely affect certain design properties which we refer to as neighbour balance (NB) and evenness of distribution (ED), and they may be particularly harmful if some of the treatments are very susceptible to environmental stresses. Here, we consider an experimental design strategy for blocked experiments that achieves good NB&amp;ED properties. The approach is exemplified using five examples, spanning non‐resolvable and resolvable replicated designs as well as partially replicated designs.

Screening ‘Good Neighbors’: The Educational Uses of Julien Bryan’s Latin American Shorts Along the US Circuits of 16mm, 1940-1947

From 1941-1945, the educational filmmaker and travel-film lecturer Julien Bryan (1899-1974) produced 23 documentary shorts on Latin American ‘Good Neighbors’ for Nelson Rockefeller’s Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs, which distributed them widely across US sites of formal and informal learning during World War II. Although cultural historians in the past twenty years have provided considerable insight into the production mandates of Julien Bryan’s films and their alignment with soft power discourse, the distribution and exhibition history of these shorts remains underexamined. This essay describes my research on this history in its intersection with the longer US history of US non-commercial, and specifically educational, film. Looking at digital governmental and local newspaper archives, non-commercial trade and amateur film magazines, educational film journals and curricula and Julien Bryan’s personal archive at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, I trace the travels of these shorts along the circuits of wartime 16mm, examining their appropriation by social studies teachers, Spanish language instructors, art historians, and African American and Latinx activists at universities as sources of Latin American knowledge along a spectrum of ideological perspectives on Pan-Hemispheric relations and ‘Good Neighbor’ understanding.