Good Level Of Communication Research Articles

Religion of parents and communication on adolescents’ sexuality in Southwest Nigeria

Risky sexual behaviour among adolescents has increased considerably. The situation has resulted in the early sexual debut of the young ones, engagement with multiple partners and adolescent pregnancy among adolescents in Nigeria and the Sub-Saharan in general. This is not unconnected with inadequate and uni-directional, weak and autocratic communication channels about sexuality within the family. Adolescents may seek information about sexuality from distorted, incomplete and unreliable information sources, such as the social media, peers, novels, music and magazines. This behaviour has resulted in gaps in communication, and which have had long-term consequences on their health and wellbeing. This study examined the influence of parent’s religion on sexual conversation by parents with their adolescents. A descriptive research design was adopted. Sample size was seven hundred and twenty-one (721) parents of adolescents selected through a multistage sampling technique from three (3) Southwest States in Nigeria. Data were collected using questionnaire. Analyses of data were done using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that (16.7%) of parents had poor level of communication on sexuality with their adolescents, (23.1%) parents had an average level of communication on sexuality, while, a good number (60.2%) of parents had good level of communication on sexuality with their adolescents. In addition, the religion of parents significantly influenced discussions on adolescents’ sexuality. There is need for parents to give sexual health information to adolescents and communicate with their adolescents on sex-related issues. They need to overcome inhibitions in discussing sex-related matters with their children from childhood.

Herbal medicines use and associated factors among pregnant women in Debre Tabor town, north West Ethiopia: a mixed method approach

BackgroundUse of herbal medicines during pregnancy has been increase in many developing and developed countries. In spite of the studies done on herbal medicine, no study has addressed use of herbal medicine among pregnant women in Debre Tabor Town. Hence, the major aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of herbal medicine use and associated factors.MethodsA community based explanatory sequential mixed methods was employed. The quantitative method used cross-sectional study design with a sample size of 267 women, also 12 participants in a group for focus group discussion and 6 in-depth interviews from focus group were included for a qualitative part using a purposive sampling technique. The data were coded and entered into Epidata 4.2.0.0 and analysis was done using SPSS version 25, while thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. Bivariate and multivariate logistic analyses were used to assess associations between dependent and independent variables.ResultsNinety-five (36.3%) of pregnant women used herbal medicine during pregnancy. Prior use of herbal medicine (AOR: 3.138; 95% CI: 1.375, 7.162), unable to read & write (AOR: 9.316; 95% CI: 2.339, 37.101), presence of health problems (AOR: 3.263; 95% CI: 1.502, 7.090), drug availability (AOR: 9.872; 95% CI: 4.322, 22.551) and distance to the health facilities (AOR 6.153; 95% CI 2.487, 15.226) were significantly associated with use of herbal medicine. Only 5(5.3%) of herbal medicine users disclosed their herbal medicine use to their healthcare providers. Zingiber officinale, Eucalyptus globulus, Rutachalepensis, Linumusitatissimum, and Moringa stenopetala were the most commonly used herbal medicines by pregnant women.ConclusionsThe use of herbal medicine during pregnancy is a common practice and significantly associated with educational status, prior use of herbal medicine, presence of health problems, drug availability and distance to the health facilities. Since there was high prevalence and low disclosure rate of herbal medicine use, it should be ensured that physicians/midwives establish a good level of communication with pregnant women.

General Practitioners as partners for a shared management of chronic HIV infection: An insight into the perspectives of Italian People Living with HIV.

Is it possible to achieve a collaboration between Infectious Diseases (ID) Specialists and General Practitioners (GPs) in the management of chronic HIV infection? A cross sectional survey was conducted among People Living with HIV (PLWHIV) attending the outpatient services of four Italian Infectious Diseases Centers to understand to which extent patients trust their GPs and involve them in the management of their chronic condition. Information about level of communication with GPs, subjective perception of the disease, and presence of co-medications were collected and matched with socio-demographic data using χ2statistics. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. From December 2019 to February 2020, 672 patients completed the survey, 59% males and 56% >50 years. Overall, 508 patients (76%) had informed GPs about HIV-positivity. Communication of diagnosis was significantly associated with age >50years, lower education level, history of disease >10 years and residency in Northern Italy. The “Undetectable = Untrasmittable” (U = U) concept was investigated as an indirect measure of perceived stigma. 23% of subjects was unaware of its meaning. Despite undetectable status, 50% of PLWHIV found difficult to communicate their condition to GPs, especially married (52% vs 48% of unmarried, p = 0.003), well-educated patients (51% vs 48, p = 0.007), living in Southern vs Northern Italy (52% vs 46%, p< 0.001). More than 75% of the participants consulted the ID specialist for co-medications and DDIs management, often complaining a lack of communication of the former with GPs. Overall, a good level of communication between PLWHIV and GPs was outlined, even if a wider involvement of the latter in HIV care is desirable.

Comunicación terapéutica del profesional de enfermería y donación de órganos

A lo largo de la civilización, la donación de un órgano es considerado un gesto altruista, el acto de mayor bondad entre los seres humanos. Por ello, la comunicación terapéutica es una herramienta útil para conducir este proceso. En ese sentido, el objetivo de este estudio es determinar la relación entre la comunicación terapéutica del profesional de enfermería y la donación de órganos. Se trata de un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo correlacional, de corte transversal, para el cual se recolectó la información utilizando un cuestionario de 47 ítems, los primeros 25 miden la variable comunicación en situaciones críticas, y las siguientes 22 miden la variable actitud hacia la donación de órganos aplicado a 119 profesionales de enfermería. El análisis inferencial demostró que existe una relación directa entre la comunicación terapéutica del profesional de Enfermería y la donación de órganos, con un valor de 0.701, significativo según la prueba estadística de la Rho de Spearman concluyentes, es decir, existe un nivel de comunicación de regular a buena. Se pudo observar una relación directa y positiva entre la comunicación terapéutica y la donación de órganos.

The relationship between levels of Alexithymia and communication skills of nursing students.

Background & Objective:Effective communication in the nursing profession is not just a personal skill but is accepted as a learned and gained technique in the instructional process. It is possible for nurses to professionally provide effective and quality service with the establishment, development, and transfer to emotion of effective communication with people. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between levels of alexithymia and communication skills of nursing students.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted among students attending the School of Nursing in a university in Turkey in the 2017-2018 Spring semester. A total of 634 nursing students participated in the study. The data in the study were collected with the “Student Introduction Form”, the “Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS)” and the “Communication Skills Scale (CSS)”. Means, standard deviations, t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis were used for the analysis.Results:The mean TAS scores of the nursing students were found to be 56.31±8.82, and the students had “moderate alexithymia” based on the average scores of the scale. The mean CSS scores of the nursing students in the study was found to be 91.16±12.99, and the students had “Good level of communication” based on the average scores of the scale. In our study, a negative and moderate correlation between the levels of alexithymia of nursing students and their communication skills was detected (p: 0.001).Conclusion:It was found that as the levels of alexithymia of nursing student increased, their communication skills decreased.

Pierre Robin Sequence: Cost-Analysis and Qualitative Assessment of 89 Patients at the Hospital for Sick Children.

Children with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) have a complex clinical presentation and requires many health-care providers. Thus, multiple clinical pathways have been proposed on how to manage this population, with some opting for conservative measures while others opting for a surgical approach. However, no consensus has been reached on the most appropriate protocol. To present the treatment protocol for PRS at the Hospital for Sick Children. This will be evaluated through a qualitative examination of the approach from the patient's perspective, and a micro-costing analysis of the financial aspects of providing care. A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate infants who were admitted with PRS and failure to thrive from January 2004 to December 2015. This was followed by a micro-costing analysis to evaluate the cost of the management protocol. Finally, a qualitative evaluation of the parent's perspective was done. Eighty-nine patients were admitted with failure to thrive during the study period. Fourteen patients underwent surgical management. Fourteen patients required readmission for airway or feeding issues secondary to PRS. The average cost per patient was Can$105 996. With regard to the qualitative evaluation, key themes that were generated included stress upon hospital admission, variable methods of understanding PRS, good level of communication with the team, excellent hospital process, and challenging transition home. These results will aid in the continual evolution of a protocol and provide important information on PRS to both families and centers that manage these children.

Social and Psychological Aspects of Dental Trauma, Behavior Management of Young Patients Who have Suffered Dental Trauma.

Introduction:Injuries concerning the skull, the mouth and thus potentially involving the mouth and teeth are characterized as major public health problems due to their high prevalence and very serious functional and aesthetic consequences. Pain, aesthetic and functional problems arising from dental trauma significantly disrupt normal function, and impact, often dramatically, on young patients’ quality of life.Procedure:With regards to the behavior management approach to a child who has suffered a dental trauma, dentist’s first step is to be to reassure child and parents. They should feel that the emergency is being properly treated on the part of the dentist and feel safe. The dentist should offer psychological support to child and parents and focus on alleviating any possible pain the child may feel. But, before that, a good level of communication with the child should be established.Conclusion:This can be achieved through the tell-show-do technique, a presentation of the special session’s structure, the positive reinforcement method, the attention distraction method and exploiting the child’s imagination. The detailed description of the treatment to be followed is crucial for reducing the child’s level of stress, as well as that of the parents. Immediately after the completion of treatment, dentist should give listening time to the parents for any queries and include the child who probably wants to share their experience.

Multidimetional Outcome and Long-Term Evaluation of Non-Avoidance Stutterung Therapy

AbstractInternational Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF, WHO, 2001) is a constructive framework for quality assessment and treatment in Logopedics (Speech Language Therapy). The current research study makes an attempt to introduce this standard into logopedical practice and applied research to measure the quality of life of persons with fluency disorders, such as stuttering. The quality of life is a modern multidimensional construct that covers health-medical, psychological, social and economic factors. Good level of communication and stabilized fluency is of key importance to improve the quality of life of persons who stutter.The purpose of the study was to show a model of assessment, treatment and evaluation of the efficacy of the non-avoidance approach in adult stuttering therapy.Methods: CharlesVan Riper’s non-avoidance approach for an intensive therapy. Participants were 15 adults who stutter with an average age 25.2 years.Results: Specific significant decreasing of the two main parameters: index of dysfluencies immediately after the intensive therapy as well as duration of disfluences in seconds. The changes in speech fluency before and after the intensive therapy as well as 3 years after this therapy were obtained regarding the duration of disfluencies and index of dysfluency.Conclusion: The present model of an intensive non-avoidance therapy format for adults with stuttering disorders was successfully applied for the Bulgarian conditions. Improved fluency is an important factor for quality of life improvement of persons with stuttering disorder.

Assessment of the levels of communication between youth, parents, peers and teachers about reproductive health issues and HIV/AIDS in Nekemte Town, West Ethiopia

Background: The youth is vulnerable to risky sexual and reproductive health behaviors such as unprotected sexual intercourse and not using family planning that could lead to unfavorable health outcomes. Youth communication can be one of the most effective strategies in reducing risky sexual and reproductive health behaviors. Objective: To assess levels of communication between the youth and their parents, peers and teachers about reproductive health issues and HIV/AIDS in Nekemte town. Methods: A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted using both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Four hundred twenty youngsters aged 15-24 years were selected from three sub-cities of Nekemte using simple random sampling procedures. In addition, 12 focus group discussions targeting the youth, parents, governmental and non- governmental employees, religious and elderly people took place in order to complement the quantitative findings. Results: Overall, 61% of the youth scored the mean and above in four-point scale and considered to have good level of communication on reproductive health (RH) and HIV/AIDS. In the multivariate analysis, age, place of residence, education and income were significantly associated with youth communication. Conclusion: A good level of communication about reproductive health and HIV/AIDS issue was documented in this study. However, emerging program interventions on reproductive health and HIV/AIDS by various stakeholders need to take into consideration those who have poor level of communication.

EU Compassionate Use Programmes (CUPs)

For some patients, compassionate use programmes (CUPs) are the only way to access promising medicinal products that are not yet authorized and for which clinical trials are either not available or in which these patients cannot participate. For such patients, the CUP benefits can be very important. Although an EU regulatory framework exists, there is no single, centralized EU-wide procedure for CUPs. Each Member State has its own procedures and CUP approvals are governed by national regulatory authorities. This article provides an overview of the regulatory frameworks in the EU for CUPs and includes a discussion of the different types of programme available, eligibility criteria, key points for industry to consider and related pharmacovigilance obligations. There are two major types of CUPs, commonly referred to as named patient compassionate use programmes (NP-CUPs) and cohort compassionate use programmes (Coh-CUPs). NP-CUPs are typically initiated by physicians for an individual patient in great need of a medicinal product, which will be administered under the physician’s responsibility. Companies usually have little influence on this type of CUP. However, companies can try to anticipate these demands and define in advance a set of criteria allowing safe access and administration to these patients. Coh-CUPs are usually defined programmes initiated by the manufacturer to allow access for a group of patients to an unauthorized medicinal product. Both NP-CUPs and Coh-CUPs are allowed under strict conditions only. A key point for a successful CUP is to manage stakeholders’ expectations and to have a good level of communication with patients and physicians, although it is strictly forbidden to promote the use of unauthorized medicinal products. In addition, a CUP needs to be well controlled, and risks carefully anticipated particularly with regards to safety aspects. In terms of financing, there is no general rule with regards to the possibility of charging for these medicinal products under CUP. It depends on the country and on the type of programme. For some countries, it is often on a case-by-case basis. Thus, this should also be factored in to the budget. Importantly, in some countries, such as France, the price of a medicinal product established in a CUP will influence future price negotiations after the medicinal product is granted marketing authorization, as well as the timing of these negotiations. In such cases, it can be difficult to obtain a higher price than was applied in the CUP and it is wise to conduct pharmacoeconomic studies prior to proposing the price for the product during the CUP. Finally, if a CUP is anticipated, companies should plan their internal and external resources. Important resources include a project manager supported by a medical person, as well a person in charge of the pharmacovigilance aspect and an EU importer/distributor. There are many factors to take into account when a medicinal product is expected to be solicited in a CUP, whether NP-CUP or a Coh-CUP. Careful planning for a CUP is critical and should take into account the perspective of the treating physician and the patient, as well as the national regulatory frameworks.

Investigation into the relationship between outpatient haemodialysis centres and referring hospitals in Spain

To guarantee continuity and equity in the clinical assistance of patients on hemodialysis in extrahospitalary centers (EC) a close relationship and a good level of communication between them and their reference hospitals (RH) is essential. The aim of this study was to assess the present situation of this relationship in our country (Spain) so as to be able to detect improvement opportunities. Descriptive and transversal study using two self-report anonymous surveys: one for EC (81 questions) and one for RH (56 questions) sent by e-mail to all Spanish EC and RH registered in the Spanish Society of Nephrology. We received answers from 80 EC and 30 RH. 70% of the EC were managed by multinational companies; only 16 % EC were placed in a hospital. 64% of the EC need to employ non-nephrological medical staff. Nearly 40% of the EC nephrologists also go on duty at their RH. More than three quarters of the EC nephrologists are alone during their workday. Bidirectional telephone communication is very frequent between EC and RH. Around a third of the patients sent from RH to EC arrive without current viral serology and/or without a functioning vascular access. Most of the patients sent from EC to RH bring an up-to-date complete medical report. 41,3 % of the EC answered that they were usually consulted by their RH doctor colleagues about decisions to be taken regarding their patients. Routine blood and other medical protocol tests of CE are well defined in the formal agreement with their RH in 65 % of the cases, although they can be modified by the EC through consensus with the RH in more than 50 % of the cases. 60 % of the EC can directly consult other specialists in the RH but more than 50 % need to do so through the RH nephrologist. Parenteral medication used in the ECs is mostly supplied by their RH, but a third of ECs have some limitations with uncommon or not concert-specified parenteral drugs. RHs refer that most of the vascular accesses are done in the hospital, whereas ECs say that this is true only in half of the cases. More than a third of the fistulae of predialysis patients are done in the ECs as part of their collaboration with RHs. The majority of ECs can share the decision about patients' inclusion in renal transplant waiting list. In only a fifth of the cases is there a common database between CE and RH, and less than half share common protocols or objectives. 62,5% of CEs participate with RHs in clinical trials. More than half of the dialysis private companies provide continuous training and education to their ECs personnel, either directly through the company or facilitating assistance to courses or congresses. Some of the relationship aspects that appear to be clearly improvable are: CEs nephrologist solitude and their limited access to continuous training and education, an adequate referral of the patients from the RHs, CEs nephrologist's autonomy at making consultations to specialists or their limitations when asking for hospital medications. A closer relationship between CEs and RHs is of the utmost importance in guaranteeing continuity and equity in the clinical assistance of our hemodialysis patients. The creation of a debate forum would favour discussion and common resolution of such aspects.