Good Health Services Research Articles

EMPOWERMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL STAFF ON PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES TO INCREASE PATIENT SATISFACTION

The quality of good and quality health services is marked by the provision of excellent, fast, precise and responsive service to customers which has an impact on customer satisfaction with the services provided. The hospital is one of several existing health service centers. There are many parts in the hospital, one of which is the pharmacy installation which is one of several parts in the hospital, which has an important role in addition to other parts. The PKM activity carried out at Grandmed Lubuk Pakam Hospital aims to provide assistance to pharmacy staff on pharmaceutical services to increase patient satisfaction. The methods used are discussion, lecture, simulation and empowerment. The implementation of PKM activities was carried out in March 2022. The participants in this activity were all 34 officers at the pharmacy installation. Evaluation of the activities that have been carried out using the instruments that have been prepared. From the PKM activities that have been carried out, it can be explained that there was an increase in participants' understanding of the material presented by the resource persons by 70.6%. The ability of participants to understand the material presented by the resource person will be an asset for officers in providing excellent service in hospitals, especially in pharmaceutical services which have an impact on patient satisfaction. It is expected that the activity participants are able to apply the strategy of providing excellent, fast, precise and responsive service so that patients feel satisfied with the services provided.

The Part Of Electronic-Governance In Tax Revenue Collection And Remittance In Nigeria

Governance is all about making life favorable and conducive for the citizens, and in achieving this, the government provides in the state some basic social facilities, such as security of lives and properties, and also put in place infrastructures such as good roads, schools and health services. To achieve these, it is mandatory for the government to generate income in-term of revenue, and this is popularly achieved with taxation. Unfortunately, difficulties arising from tax evasion and corruption limit the power of the government of Nigeria to generate sufficient revenue that is needed. The Government with determination of boosting the level of taxation and its compliance in order to be able to execute its tasks for the citizens, has approved electronic taxation as element of its electronic governance creativity in tune of international performance. Research method that was used for this study was qualitative in nature, secondary data was collected at the review of relevant literatures. The study found out that electronic-taxation has been satisfied to be appropriate in use of tax collection and remittance, and has been proven in calculation-error reduction. It also curtails fraud in the tax offices, eliminates challenges that may arise during reconciliation, and limiting leakages in the tax revenue collected. Electronic taxation through electronic-governance has boosted the volume of revenue generation into the cover of the government, and it saves time and cost. This research paper has recommended that tax officials at the local revenue authority, state internal revenue and the federal inland revenue should shift towards e-taxation, give more enlightenment to the taxpayers on the note of adopting electronic taxation instead of manual processing.

PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN KADER KESEHATAN TENTANG APLIKASI GALASEMA DI DESA BANDUNG

Health services for the elderly are accommodated through the formation of a posyandu for the elderly that can help the community, especially the elderly, to meet their needs to be more optimal. This form of health service is formed by actively and responsibly involving the community. With the formation of health cadres, health services that have been carried out only by health workers can be assisted by the community. Thus, the community is not only an object of development, but also a partner of development itself. To obtain maximum posyandu services, cadres must have a good level of knowledge about posyandu. Knowledge of posyandu cadres is very important as the main guide in carrying out their role in order to provide good health services. Many factors affect the activity of cadres in posyandu, including cadre knowledge about posyandu. Knowledge of cadres will affect the wishes and behavior of cadres in activating posyandu activities so that they can affect the implementation of posyandu work programs. Method: improvement using direct extension method. The target of this counseling is to all elderly posyandu cadres in Bandung Village, Diwek District, Jombang. The implementation method consists of 3 stages, namely: introduction, core, and closing. The results of this activity showed an increase in the knowledge of cadres about the GALASEMA application which can be applied to the elderly to improve the quality of life of the elderly to be more independent.

Gambaran Ketepatan Waktu Penyediaan Rekam Medis Rawat Jalan Di RSUP Fatmawati Tahun 2021

The hospital as a public health service institution is an important part that provides complete individual health services and provides inpatient, outpatient, and emergency services. Provision of medical records is a process of providing medical records starting from searching for medical records to sending medical records to the intended polyclinic for health services in accordance with health service standards. The purpose of this study was to get an overview of the timeliness of providing outpatient medical records at Fatmawati Hospital. In this study the authors decided to use a qualitative descriptive method which aims to describe the situation or field conditions regarding the occurrence of inaccuracies in the provision of outpatient medical records at Fatmawati Hospital. Based on Standard Operating Procedures, the provision of outpatient medical records at Fatmawati Hospital is <30 minutes (maximum 30 minutes), in this study it was found that the timely provision was 75.55%. With an average delivery time of 27,96 minutes. From this it is known that there is a gap related to the time delay in the process of providing medical records. Delays in the process of providing outpatient medical records are caused by factors including factors in the 5M management element which include man, machine, material, money, method. The staff's knowledge factor needs to be improved, the discipline of the supply officer is good but not optimal, the officer has not attended training on the timeliness of providing good medical records. The machine factor is the lack of number of outpatient medical record storage racks, and the lack of a trolley for the provision of medical records. The method factor is the need for periodic socialization of SOPs to remind officers' performance. The matherial factor requires trolly rejuvenation and good maintenance in order to function as it should. The money factor is that the budget should always be a priority that can be a support for the creation of good health services.

Sistem Monitoring Jumlah Pengunjung Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Berbasis Android

A Hospital is a health facility that aims to provide good health services for patients. The physical environment of the inpatient room also affects the patient's psychological condition. The inpatient room should raise optimism so that it can help the patient's healing process. Standard operating procedures in a hospital limit the number of visitors in each inpatient room. This is especially true in the class 1 inpatient room, where the number of patients is limited to two people and the maximum number of visitors limited to 2 people. However, even though the number of visitors to the hospital has been determined, many of the patients' families or relatives who want to visit violate these rules. This happens even though it has been prohibited or without the knowledge of the hospital staff. This paper describes the development of an Android based system to monitor the number of visitors to the hospital's inpatient room, streamlining the number of visitors to the hospital's inpatient room. The researcher uses a camera so that he can immediately capture the number of visitors in the room. The captured picture are processed in a Raspberry pi to count the number of visitors in the room, using tensorflow as an object detector (visitor). The system can then send notifications to the application when the number of visitors exceeds the safe limit. Researchers also use a mobile application to display monitoring results. so that with this system, the head of the hospital room and the hospital security guard can find out the number of visitors who are in the hospital inpatient room and the number of visitors who exceed the maximum limit.

Perceptions of Good Health and Impact of COVID-19 Among Adolescents in a Low-Income Urban Agglomerate in Delhi, India: A Qualitative Study.

Adolescents constitute 16% of the global population and are susceptible to adverse health and illness from substance abuse, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and high-risk sexual behaviors. We conducted this study to assess the perceptions of good health, health-seeking behavior, and health service utilization among adolescents living in a low-income urban neighborhood after the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 23 adolescents, including 12 males and 11 females, were interviewed. Adolescents' perceived body image and size considerations apart from functioning at an optimum physical capacity as the principal attributes of good health, which was possible through the intake of a healthy diet and exercise. Adolescents were likely to be aware of the addiction potential and risk of cancer from using tobacco and alcohol, but attitudes towards eschewing their use were ambivalent. Adolescents perceived themselves as lacking access to reliable, adequate, and validated sources of sexual and reproductive health information. Knowledge and utilization of adolescent health services in this area were negligible, suggestive of the need to strengthen these services and improve the program outreach.

Universal Health Coverage; A Way Forward

Universal health coverage means every person has access to quality health care without suffering financial hardships. The basis of universal health coverage lies in the primary health care concept, which was envisioned way back in 1978, as mentioned in Alma Ata Declaration1. The "World Health Report" published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2008 structures primary health care reforms in four groups. One of the crucial reforms was universal coverage reform to improve health equity2. WHO and UNICEF in 2018 documented how primary health care will be in the 21st century? The approach was towards universal health coverage and sustainable development goals. Sustainable development goals were to be achieved by 2030, and they were a continuation of millennium development goals 2000–20153. The resolution on Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted the target of universal health coverage by 2030, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential healthcare services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all4. Currently, many developing nations do not have access to health services. About 100 million people are pushed into extreme poverty each year because of out-of-pocket spending on health. To make health for all, we need individuals and communities to have high-quality health services to take care of their families health. Skilled health workers providing quality, people-centred care and policy-makers should be committed to investing in universal health coverage. Universal health coverage should be based on intense, people-centred primary health care. Good health systems are rooted in the communities they serve. They focus not only on preventing and treating disease and illness but also on helping to improve well-being and quality of life5. Pakistan, the developing country, is struggling to provide good quality health services, mostly availed from the out-of-pocket expenditure.
 Both private and public sector hospitals were trying to deliver health services, but poor people failed to have access to many services due to poverty. To overcome this obstacle and address indicator 3.8 of SDGs, the current government developed a five-year program to improve the targeted population's health by increasing their access to quality health services. The initiative will also reduce poverty, as the government will cover most of their health budget through the "Sehat Sahulat Program". The program was part of the National vision to ensure Universal Health Coverage (UHC) for all Pakistani families. No one is denied quality healthcare services only because of financial constraints. Initially, it was piloted in selected four districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, which was later extended to all over the province. Currently, 7.2 million families are getting free in-patient health care services, and the program's annual cost is 18 billion. It was a bold initiative of the current government, which helped improve access to UHC, thus addressing one of the sustainable development goals6,7.

Good Uptake of the COVID-19 Vaccine among Patients with Rheumatic Diseases in the United Arab Emirates (UAE)

Background: Many patients with rheumatic diseases are immunosuppressed and take forms of immunomodulator medication. Hence, these patients might be at a heightened risk of Covid-19 and have special concerns in regard to vaccines, such as safety and efficacy. Vaccines have been available for the population of UAE as of January 2021, these being Pfizer (the United States and Europe), Sinopharm (China), and AstraZeneca (United Kingdom). The aim of our paper was to examine the rate of vaccine uptake among our patients with rheumatic conditions in the United Arab Emirates. Methods: A questionnaire was distributed among patients with rheumatic diseases attending a rheumatology specialised clinic in the United Arab Emirates. We collected data on 149 consecutive patients who were seen during a one-month period from 10/06/2021 to 10/07/2021 in Dubai. Results: The mean age of the patients was 45.9 +/- 41.3. The majority of the patients had underlying rheumatic diseases (86.9%), the rest having conditions such as soft tissue pain or to rule out rheumatic conditions. 48.5% were taking immunomodulators. 41.7% of respondents had other chronic diseases. It was also found that 18.9% had Covid-19 previously, all of whom recovered, with the average duration of the illness being 11 days. 99.1% of individuals reported that receiving the Covid-19 vaccine was extremely important, and 95.0% had already received the vaccination. Their reasoning for receiving the vaccination varied from medical advice (17.5%), general worry about infection/ reinfection of Covid-19 (65.3%), in order to travel (8.4%), employee requirement (5.6%), and other reasons (3.2%). Specifically, 48.3% chose the Pfizer vaccine, 39.8% had Sinopharm, and 11.9% had AstraZeneca. These decisions on which vaccine to choose were influenced by the availability of the vaccine (35.1%), medical advice (16.9%), effectiveness (15.5%), safety and side effect profile (18.2%), age restrictions (2.7%), experience/ advice from friends and family (8.1%) and other reasons (3.4%). Conclusion: Overall, an overwhelming majority of our patients (95.0%) with rheumatic diseases in the specialised muscular-skeletal clinic in the UAE have received the Covid-19 vaccine. This reflects good public health service messaging and concentrated efforts from the medical community, UAE government, and the patient’s rheumatologists.

GAMBARAN KEPATUHAN AKSEPTOR KB SUNTIK SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PUSKESMAS SIMPUR BANDAR LAMPUNG

The baby boom during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia will have a serious impact and need intensive and serious handling. This shows that there is a need to control population growth in Indonesia. One of the methods used by the BKKBN to support family planning programs is contraception. So the researchers wanted to know the compliance of injection family planning participants' visits during the pandemic. The purpose of this study was to determine the compliance of injection family planning visits during the Covid-19 pandemic and the frequency distribution of the factors of adherence to the compliance of injection family planning acceptor visits during the Covid-19 pandemic at the Simpur Health Center Bandar Lampung 2021. The research method used was descriptive with the method cross-sectional. The population in this study were all active injecting family planning acceptors in July, August, and September. Sampling technique with non-probability sampling method with purposive sampling technique. The research sample obtained was 78 respondents. By collecting data using a questionnaire sheet with a Likert scale. The results showed that from a sample of 78 respondents, the majority of respondents aged 20-30 years were 62 respondents (79.5%). The majority of respondents reached the last high school education as many as 47 respondents (60.3%). Based on the occupation of the majority of respondents as housewives, namely 31 respondents (39.7%). The majority of respondents had good knowledge reaching 58 respondents (74.4%), respondents who received good husband support reached 60 respondents (76.9%), the majority of respondents received good health services as many as 41 respondents (52.6%), for economic status, some 33 respondents (42.3%) have income <4,000,000, the majority of respondents have a good attitude as many as 42 respondents (53.8%), and as many as 60 respondents (76.9%) make appropriate return visits time or comply with repeat visits.

The Effectiveness of the Implementation of Kangaroo Treatment Method in Increasing the Weight Gain of Newborns with LBW

Background: Low body weight (LBW) cases have continuously occurred. However, some newborns with LBW could not afford good and hightechnological health services due to several barriers such as cost, geography, transportation, and communication barriers. Incubator replacement through kangaroo treatment method is considered to be an effective and economical alternative in which the weight gain in newborns with LBW could be enhanced. Kangaroo care method can be used in treating newborns with low birth weight. The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of the implementation of the kangaroo care method in increasing the weight gain of newborn with LBW at the General Hospital of Majene. Methods: The research design used in this study was a pre-experiment with One Group Pretest Posttest Design. The sampling method used in this research was total sampling where 38 samples were selected. This research was conducted at the Regional Hospital of Majene in the Perinatology room. Results: The results of this research indicated that there were significant differences in newborns before and after the implementation of the Kangaroo care method. It was evident that the newborns weight significantly increase with the Kangaroo care method. Therefore, further research should be carried out to investigate the factors which influence the increase of newborns weight. Conclusion: In this study we found that there were significant differences in LBW babies before and after being treated with the kangaroo method (PMK).

COVID-19 vaccination in India: private sector inclusion mandatory?

Background: Health services delivery system varies from country to country based on the available resources and the funding in that country. Both public and private system of health delivery work with the primary focus of providing the good health services. India has a multi-payer health care model that is paid for by a combination of public and private. Himachal Pradesh (HP) also has both public and private health institution infrastructure with penetration of public infrastructure more in the rural areas. To describe the utilization pattern of COVID-19 vaccine beneficiaries in district Kangra of HP among public and private healthcare delivery points.Method: Study was done in district Kangra with all the beneficiaries included in the COVID vaccination registered in Cowin portal.Results: Amongst the total vaccination done in dist. Kangra, 99.35% of the total doses were given in the govt setting and only 0.65% were contributed by the private setupConclusions: Since decades most of the developing world has been struggling for healthcare access and with complex delivery systems. It becomes pertinent to note that Indian COVID-19 vaccination reached heights of success through technology driven approach reaching each and every corner of the country and crossing milestones to achieve set targets. It was not unreasonable to expect that the public sector may not be able to provide effective, sustained and uninterrupted healthcare including COVID vaccination services, which could be the reason that private health sector was also involved for the later. Dist. Kangra has worked to prove the efficacy of the public sector providing most of its vaccination through government CVCs.

Comparative Study of Medical Equipment Procurement in Selected Countries

Background: Despite the fact that medical equipment is critical for providing good health services and also incurs significant expenditures for the health system, little is known about how to procure it effectively. To date, only a few comparative studies on the procurement framework for medical equipment between nations have been conducted. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine this issue between the leading countries. Methods: To conduct this comparative study, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, Spain, Italy, Turkey, Thailand, and Iran were selected. Medical devices, medical equipment, procurement, purchasing, and acquisition were keywords considered to search PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google scholar databases. Also, the websites of the related organizations, such as the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank, and the Ministry of Health of respective countries were searched for the gray literature. Providing information about the procurement framework and availability of evidence in the English language was considered as the inclusion criteria and the lack of access to full texts, letters, and commentary article designs were the exclusion criteria. The results were summarized and reported using comparative tables. Results: Most of the countries involved in this study are trying to align procurement activities with national health care priorities. In view of this, there is a trend toward centralized procurement, especially in Italy, Spain, England, Italy, Canada, and Iran. While a range of actors participate in the procurement process, a greater role for physicians and patients is necessary to be defined to meet patient needs. Moving from price-based approaches to value-based approaches is in the agenda to consider a broader range of criteria to achieve value for money and support patient access to innovations. Conclusion: Most of the countries have reorganized the mechanism of medical equipment procurement. The price of products is the important factor, and recently the value factor has become more important in procurement. Reinforcing the role of decision-making teams and hospital committees in the procurement of medical equipment is suggested. Further studies are needed on the application of value-based approaches to evaluate their effects in hospitals.

Liberalization of Health Services in Indonesia in The Context of Justice

Health is an important factor for maintaining living standards. In human rights which is explained in more detail, health is included in the rights of every human. That rights also includes right to get good health services. But in practice, the health services provided sometimes are not in accordance with what was been regulated in the code of ethics, obligation and violating human rights. This study compared one cases with another cases. We analyze the cases by comparing existing regulations, such as Indonesian constitution, health pofession ethics and hospital ethics. The study emphasized and found that in the Indonesian Constitution and the code of ethics there are no rules for distinguishing patients. In terms of health, all communities should be considered equal. Because this concerns human rights which say that health is an absolute right for every human being. The hospitals nd the staff who work in that hospitals can be threatened with criminal law or civil law. The study concluded that discrimination in helath services should not occur in Indonesia or in other countries. Because in Indonesia, health is the ideals and goals of Indonesian nation, and also an element of human rights. Health services in Indonesia must be based on Pancasila and based on humanitarian values, health ethics, professionalism, equality and anti-discrimination, equity and justice.

FAMILIAL AND SOCIAL SECURITY FOR THE RURAL ELDERLY: A STUDY OF SHATOIL VILLAGE IN NAOGAON DISTRICT

In this study, efforts have been made to explore familial and social security for the rural elderly in Naogaon district. The main objective of this study was to learn about the familial and social security they enjoyed in the study area. The social survey method has been employed for data collection in this research. The research area of this study was the Shatoil village of Naogaon district in Bangladesh. Purposive sampling has been used in this research work. The sample size was 100. The findings of the study show that the highest number of the respondents lived in nuclear families. A majority of them were illiterate and poor with an average income of less than 50,000 Taka per year. Most of them could not avail good health services for treatment owing to poverty. Their socio-economic condition was not satisfactory. Familial security was strong. The social security they received in terms of old age allowance was not sufficient. Only 12 percent of the elderly received a monthly allowance. About half of the remaining respondents informed that they did not get any old age allowance because of corruption. Member and Chairman want 3000-4000 taka as a bribe for creating an old age allowance card. None of the widows received widowhood allowance. The government should ensure the access and extend of financial help such as old age allowance, widowhood allowance, and health insurance for the welfare of deprived elderly.

Integration of Scientific Literacy Course into the Curriculum: Trakya University Medical School Experience

Aim: A good physician is expected to have competencies such as communicator, collaborator, leader, health advocate, professional and scholar besides clinical skills. A scholarrole of a physicianis associated with the application, dissemination, translation, and creation of medical knowledge and practices. The physician's ability to provide a good health service depends on having evidence-based practice and research awareness. Therefore, the medical education curriculum should have a structure that equips the physician with knowledge, skills and attitudes about scientific methods and principles.In this study, it is aimed to present the integration process of the Scientific Literacy Course, which is designed in relation to the physician's role as a scholar, into the undergraduate medical education curriculumof our faculty.Methods: In the process of restructuring a pre-graduate medical education program that meets national standards, a course called Scientific Literacy, which will enable our students to use their knowledge of science literacy, was added to the vertical corridor created in the curriculum of our faculty.The integration of the Scientific Literacy Course into the undergraduate medical education curriculum of Trakya University Faculty of Medicine was carried out in six steps using the Kern Program Development Model: "Problem Definition and General Needs Analysis", "Analysis of Participants Needs", "Goals and Objectives", "Training Strategies", "Implementation", "Evaluation and Feedback".Results: The change process that started with the Flexner Report in medical education has enabled the physician competencies to be redefined. Scholar is one of the competencies that a physician should have and provides a solid foundation for other competencies.A good physician is a physician who develops scientific knowledge and skills together with clinical practices.As a scholar, the physician must have enabling competencies such as lifelong learning, teaching, evidence-based decision making and research. In this context, it is important that the undergraduate medical education curriculum equips the physician with the knowledge, skills and attitude associated with these enabling competencies.Conclusions: The Scientific Literacy Course, which is added to the curriculum in order to support our students to develop their scientist competencies, is unique in that it is a five-year compact program that is integrated with the boards and has continuity in itself, and all faculty members serve as advisors. The extent to which the Scientific Literacy Course contributes to the development of our students' scientist competencies can be revealed through program evaluation processes.

Pengobatan Malaria di Perkotaan dan Pedesaan di Indonesia (Analisis Lanjut Riskesdas 2013)

Malaria control in Indonesia still against many challenges, especially in terms of malaria treatment. One of the causes of low coverage of Artemisin Based Combination Therapy (ACT) is that several locations are no longer malaria endemic, being negligent with malaria cases coming from endemic areas, so that patients are not immediately diagnosed as malaria patients. The purpose of this further analysis was to describe malaria treatment based on Plasmodium species associated with access, time, and administration of ACT treatment between urban and rural areas. The method used is descriptive analysis of secondary data from Basic Health Research in 2013 as many as 1,027,763 people by taking the unit of analysis of individuals who have been diagnosed with malaria by health personnel and individuals whose blood test results are positive for malaria. The results of the analysis provide information that in urban and rural areas, the treatment of P. falciparum and P. vivax is classified as good, namely the majority received ACT treatment, the time to receive ACT treatment was within the first 24 hours, and ACT treatment was given within 3 days of being drunk. However, it was found that in rural areas, P. vivax treatment was still not good because the majority did not receive ACT treatment. The implementation of malaria control in areas that are easily accessible and well-targeted are groups that can afford the costs involved in accessing targeted interventions by public subsidized programs. This encourages all regions to have good health services that provide better access to malaria control interventions.

Theory Organizational Behaviour untuk Menganalisa Pengaruh Psychological Well-Being dan Job Attitude terhadap Perawat Klinis

Job Attitude nurses become the basis of the formation of good health services, one of the dimensions of job attitude is job satisfaction. Clear career development makes nurse job satisfaction good and has a loyalty impact on the hospital. Psychological well-being is the most important part of the nurse's Turn Over Intention process. The number of job demand nurses in daily activities causes job attitude nurses to be not good and nurses feel dissatisfied with high job demand. The goal is to analyze the effect of Job Demand and Career Development on The Job Attitude of Nurses In Class C Hospitals Through Psychological Well-being as an Intervening Variable. Research methods with an associative quantitative descriptive approach with cross-sectional research design. The data analysis technique used is path analysis and uses 63 nurses as a saturated sample of research. The result is the Effect of Job Demand and Career Development on Nurse Job Attitude Through Psychological Well-being as an Intervening Variable. Broadly speaking there is the Influence of Job Demand and Career Development on Job Attitude Through Psychological Well-being in Class C Hospital Tangerang City. Management must make a Determination of Work load of each nursing unit in the Hospital so that it can create a good assignment, plan the nurse's career development work program and make a corner of complaints so that every problem can be resolved properly. Further research needs to develop with a larger sample and add independent variables to be more widespread in the discussion

Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Jalan Terhadap Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan di Puskesmas Sendana

Background and Objectives: Patient satisfaction is an indicator indicator of providing health services to the community. One of the development efforts in the health sector is the availability of quality health services such as the existence of a health center. Puskesmas must have good quality health services that can be seen from the performance or the perceived benefits, in order to give satisfaction to patients. The purpose of this study was to see the level of outpatient satisfaction with health services, so that it can be used as evaluation material for the health center. Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive research method with a cross-sectional study design. The research variables included the quality of health services which consisted of aspects of reliability, responsiveness, empathy, facilities, and assurance. The population in this study were patients who visited the Sendana Health Center. The sampling technique was accidental sampling and obtained 31 respondents. Results: The results of the study the patient scores were analyzed and grouped according to their level in order to obtain a satisfaction level of 70.4% reliability aspects, 67.5% responsiveness, 66.9% empathy, 57.7% facilities, and 65.3% assurance. Conclusion: Overall satisfaction level is included in the satisfied category.

Migrants’ health and Bulgarian health care system performance: experts’ and society point of view

Abstract Introduction Migrants often face serious inequities concerning their state of health and access to good quality health services. The aim of the study is to compare the experts' and society point of view on migrants' health and Bulgarian health care system performance in this field. Methods Within the TRAIN4M&H project, founded by EC, in March 2019th a work seminar was organized in Bulgaria. Data were collected through an unstructured interview. The focus group and facilitated discussion with 22 experts intended was performed. To elicit information about significant migrants' health problems the questionnaire among 388 people was applied. Data processing was performed by SPSS v.24. Results 22 frontline professionals and 388 people of the society were covered. 20% of the surveyed experts completely disagrees with the opinion that migrants are a threat to public health while nearly nine out of ten surveyed members of the public fully (38.0%) or partially agree (51%) with that statement (χ2=37,84;df=3;p<0,001). The majority (47.8%) of the respondents from the public express an opinion for greater needs for health care of migrants compared to the Bulgarian population while according to three quarters of the specialists there is no difference (χ2=24,07;df=2;р<0,001). About 40% of the representatives of the society claim that the health care system in Bulgaria is not prepared to provide adequate health care to migrants. Almost two thirds of the experts share the opinion that health care in the country can provide only some specific health care to migrants (χ2 = 15.11; df = 2; p < 0.001). The point of view of the groups compared coincided on the issues of restricting the access of migrants in the country and provision of health care, regardless of the legal status of migrants. Conclusions The society is not familiar with the health problems of the migrants, but accepts their health as worse than that of the Bulgarian population and threatening the public health in the country. Key messages The society is not familiar with the health problems of the migrants, but accepts their health as worse than that of the Bulgarian population and threatening the public health in the country. According to the experts working at local level with migrants Bulgarian health system is not well prepared and provides adequate health care for migrants only in some specific cases.

The Future Public Health Workforce in a Changing World: A Conceptual Framework for a European-Israeli Knowledge Transfer Project.

Health services quality and sustainability rely mainly on a qualified workforce. Adequately trained public health personnel protect and promote health, avert health disparities, and allow rapid response to health emergencies. Evaluations of the healthcare workforce typically focus on physicians and nurses in curative medical venues. Few have evaluated public health workforce capacity building or sought to identify gaps between the academic training of public health employees and the needs of the healthcare organizations in which they are employed. This project report describes the conceptual framework of “Sharing European Educational Experience in Public Health for Israel (SEEEPHI): harmonization, employability, leadership, and outreach”—a multinational Erasmus+ Capacity Building in Higher Education funded project. By sharing European educational experience and knowledge, the project aims to enhance professionalism and strengthen leadership aspects of the public health workforce in Israel to meet the needs of employers and the country. The project’s work packages, each jointly led by an Israeli and European institution, include field qualification analysis, mapping public health academic training programs, workforce adaptation, and building leadership capacity. In the era of global health changes, it is crucial to assess the capacity building of a well-qualified and competent workforce that enables providing good health services, reaching out to minorities, preventing health inequalities, and confronting emerging health challenges. We anticipate that the methods developed and the lessons learned within the Israeli context will be adaptable and adoptable by other countries through local and cultural adjustments.