Golf Links Research Articles

Charles Reade: Town Planning British Malaya, 1921-1929 by Kamalruddin Shamsudin

Reviewed by: Charles Reade: Town Planning British Malaya, 1921-1929 by Kamalruddin Shamsudin Rosilawati Zainol Charles Reade: Town Planning British Malaya, 1921–1929. By Kamalruddin Shamsudin (KLDIN). Kuala Lumpur: Kamalruddin Shamsudin, 2015, 373 pp. ISBN: 967-12232-0-6 Kamalruddin Shamsudin was the Deputy Director-General of the Federal Town and Country Planning Department of Malaysia (PLAN MALAYSIA) between 2006–2014. He has written and lectured on Charles Reade's seminal contributions to town planning in British Malaya since the 1990s. Charles Reade: Town Planning British Malaya, 1921–1929 highlighted the plight of Charles Reade in promoting urban planning, then still largely a fledgling notion in Malaya. Reade's background and experience were explained in an easy narrative which allows readers to understand the actions taken by Reade in his journey. Town improvement is the primary motive for legalizing town planning in the British colonies. Reade had already seen the worst of cities due to unbridled industrialization in the West when he worked as a journalist in many parts of the world and wished to prevent a similarly haphazard development in Malaya. Reade's predicament was far from easy. The earlier chapters in this book show the struggle he faced to install the physical aspects of the urban planning concept, and to ensure that cooperation between different parties in a municipality could be forged without unnecessary recourse to public funds. His talks in a conference [End Page 134] brought him to notice and had led to Reade's appointment as Government Town Planner in South Australia in 1918. It was the success he enjoyed with thispost in South Australia that enabled him later to lend his expertise to the Federated Malay States (F.M.S.) in 1920. Reade's ideas on town planning were explained in his talks. His talks and exhibitions in Australia and Malaya were well received, at which he described the current town and country planning practices in Europe and Britain. The media also played a critical role in disseminating the ideas that Reade tried to promote. The author emphasized that Reade acknowledged that he would be facing a massive challenge in Malaya with peoples of different cultures, comprising local communities and immigrants. In addition, Reade's revolutionary action in the replanning and redistribution of building lots in Malaya was not supported by existing regulations. Without the requisite legal regulations, the town planning practices envisioned by Reade could not be implemented. Reade would have found frustrating the fact that the haphazard development which had been foreseen could not be addressed by planning regulations then in place. Kamalruddin Shamsudin (also known as KLDIN) explained the difficulties in putting together the Town Planning Enactment 1923. Although there was no Malayan land law at this point to support this enactment, it successfully laid the foundations for modern town planning in Malaysia. However, this enactment was reviewed eight months after it came into being, and it would not be easy to discover its potential. Nevertheless, by installing this enactment, Reade had started an urban planning trajectory in Malaya which would be used later in Malaysia. This far-reaching measure has led to the institutionalization of town planning in Malaysia and the creation of the Federal Town Planning Department, which has survived until today and has recently been rebranded as Plan Malaysia. KLDIN revealed Reade's many unknown and forgotten contributions behind various prominent institutions in Kuala Lumpur, namely the Victoria Institution, the Petaling Golf Links, and the Merdeka Stadium, all located in the vicinity of Petaling Hill. The author also highlighted Reade's work in Kuala Kubu Bharu, a small township carefully crafted and adapted to suit the Malayan tropical setting, reflecting an early attempt to experiment with the idea of a garden city that was taking hold throughout Britain and its overseas possessions, such as in Egypt and Australia. In the final chapters of this book, the author described the Town Planning Administration (1921–1929). Although the town planning concept has been around since the pre-classical period, its practical application was not seen until the end of the 19th century. Thus, under Reade, the Federal Town Planning Department consisted of qualified engineers and surveyors on secondment from other agencies...

Beyond Agriculture: Alternative Geographies of Rural Land Investment and Place Effects across the United Kingdom

Global land ownership patterns have been shifting in recent decades, as institutional and non-traditional investors redirect capital into rural areas. Such investment is a stimulating alternative for innovative profit-driven land uses that move beyond agriculture. This paper explores how ‘new money’ economies have created place effects in three rural case studies across the United Kingdom, through concepts of built, natural, social, and economic capital. The case studies are informed by secondary research, site visits, and interviews, providing snapshots of investment impact. They represent diverse transformations in rural land use via new forms of direct investment, active investment, and processes of financing rather than financialisation, with distinct spatial and temporal characteristics. The case studies include new wine production in Kent, England; transforming the Menie Estate into Trump International Golf Links Scotland (TIGLS); and farm diversification in Northern Ireland. The conclusions tell three investment stories, where place effects reflect the dichotomies, contestation, and symbiosis between investors and local contexts. New land uses create place effects where economic potential often conflicts with natural capital impacts, although they foster knowledge creation and exchange. The underlying values of the investors and their navigation of local politics also have key roles to play in shaping the built, natural, social, and economic place effects.

Loss Aversion in Professional Golf

We examine loss aversion in the context of professional golf at US Open tournaments. In particular, we analyze data from two courses, Pebble Beach Golf Links and Oakmont Country Club, where they have hosted six and five US Opens, respectively. The United States Golf Association changed the par rating of a hole on each course from a par 5 to a par 4, without fundamentally altering the hole, in each US Open hosted by these courses since 2000. In this natural experimental setting, we find evidence of significant loss-aversive behavior in the world’s best golfers based solely on par rating.

Golf, networking, and accounting education: A gendered approach

Networking through golf is recognized in the business world as one possible component of professional development. After documenting an underrepresentation of females during the annual departmental golf outing at a regional public university, we developed this study using theaction research methodology to measure the success of various iterations of a student-golf program created in response to this gender diversity gap.The motivation behind implementation of the program is to train more female students in this non-traditional skillset because it may otherwise prove as a limitation to important networking opportunities that may hinder those individuals’ success in public accounting.Using various structures of the Golf Links program, we find a tradeoff between more thoroughly developing the skillset of a small number of students as compared to providing limited instruction to a larger number of students. Given the feedback from accounting professionals suggesting that non-golfers do not see the networking value in learning golf, we find that providing a brief introduction to the sport to a wider number of students may be more effective in overcoming that hurdle and incentivizing students to pursue golf on their own as a means of professional networking.

Loss Aversion in Professional Golf

We examine loss aversion in the context of professional golf, and in particular how it plays out in certain US Opens. We analyze data from two courses, Pebble Beach Golf Links and Oakmont Country Club, each of which has hosted five US Opens in the modern golfing era. In the last two tournaments at each course, they changed the par rating of a par 5 to a par 4 without fundamentally altering the hole. In this natural, albeit unintentional, experimental setting, we find evidence of significant loss-aversive behavior in the world’s best golfers based solely on a hole’s par rating.

Rocky Shore Golf Links: Douglas Peterson (Abridged)

This abridged version of Shore Golf Links: Douglas (UVA-QA-0687) retains the essential elements of the full case but reduces the detail of the golf course and the usage of golf jargon. It is a negotiation case and is meant to be paired with Shore Golf Links: Donald Andrews (UVA-QA-0790). For Douglas Peterson and his two 10-year-old golf partners, it had been a memorable round at a world-class course with a caddie who contributed greatly to their enjoyment. For caddie Donald Andrews, the round was among the most challenging, physically and mentally, in which he had participated. As the group walked up the 18th fairway, Peterson reflected on the size of an appropriate tip for the caddie while Andrews wondered how he might influence the size of the tip. Excerpt UVA-QA-0791 May 18, 2012 Rocky Shore Golf Links: Douglas Peterson (Abridged) The phone call from Douglas Peterson's son, Charlie, was both pleasant and unsettling—pleasant because Charlie had been away for 10 days at golf camp and it was good to hear that he was having a “fabulous” time; unsettling because Charlie had assured a new friend at camp that his dad could arrange a round of golf at Rocky Shore Golf Links. Rocky Shore was an internationally acclaimed course for which tee times had to be set up months in advance. Realizing that such complications would never occur to a 10-year-old and curious about how Charlie's game had improved as a result of camp, Peterson called Trevor Grande, a good friend and the co-owner of Rocky Shore, to see what he could arrange. Douglas Peterson Douglas Peterson had been a personal financial adviser for over 20 years. As his client list had become laden with high-wealth clients, his personal income had soared. His career had begun on Wall Street and after making a name for himself, he had decided to move to San Francisco, California, to raise a family in a slightly less frenetic setting than New York City. Peterson had ultimately taken a senior partner position with a well-known international brokerage house. As Peterson took greater control of his personal schedule, he had the time to work on his golf game—playing as much as possible within the constraints of both profession and family. . . .

Rocky Shore Golf Links: Donald Andrews (Abridged)

This abridged version of Shore Golf Links: Donald (UVA-QA-0686) retains the essential elements of the full case but reduces the detail of the golf course and the usage of golf jargon. It is a negotiation case and is meant to be paired with Shore Golf Links: Douglas Peterson (UVA-QA-0791).For Douglas Peterson and his two 10-year-old golf partners, it had been a memorable round at a world-class course with a caddie who contributed greatly to their enjoyment. For caddie Donald Andrews, the round was among the most challenging, physically and mentally, in which he had participated. As the group walked up the 18th fairway, Peterson reflected on the size of an appropriate tip for the caddie while Andrews wondered how he might influence the size of the tip. Excerpt UVA-QA-0790 Rev. Jul. 13, 2012 Rocky Shore Golf Links: Donald Andrews (Abridged) Even though Donald Andrews did not feel motivated, the summer was coming to a close and he had not worked for the past three days. Knowing that he really should caddie if he got the chance, he arrived at Rocky Shore Golf Links at 10:00 a.m. By 1:30 p.m., Andrews was still available when the caddie master told him there might be an after-revenue loop (18 holes) at 3:30 p.m. After five hours of sitting around, caddying for six hours on the extremely slow and demanding golf course was the last thing Andrews wanted to do. Nonetheless, the caddie request had to be covered in order to avoid any embarrassment for Rocky Shore management. Andrews was coerced into waiting for a job that might or might not take place and for which he would not be reimbursed if the request fell through. A Summer of Learning Caddying had seemed like a great summer job. Who could ask for more than getting paid to participate in a game you dearly loved, particularly at the beautiful oceanside Rocky Shore Golf Links, which had hosted several U.S. Opens? At $ 50 per bag plus tip for a double (carrying bags for two golfers), the money could add up quickly. In the beginning, Andrews had been bullied by the older caddies and often felt he was either being ignored or mistreated by the course's management. The job was losing its glamour, but with each loop, Andrews felt more at ease. . . .

Trump in Scotland: A Study of Power‐Topologies and Golf Topographies

AbstractDuring the last decade Trump International Golf Links Scotland (TIGLS) has built on land where no development was previously outlined and, appropriating parts of a Site of Special Scientific Interest, has come to occupy an important place in debates on Scottish planning policy. Though plans were initially rejected in 2007 by the Aberdeenshire planning body responsible, the Scottish Government subsequently rescaled the decision—instead approving the proposed high‐end, large‐scale golf resort. Besides numerous clashes with those living close to TIGLS, this has since led to highly visible protests. In this article I scrutinize TIGLS's establishment to explore the entanglements of topological and topographic understandings of space, and to illuminate power exerted through various modalities by various private and public actors. Based on interviews with politicians, activists, planners, residents and business representatives and an analysis of planning documents, developer–state communications, and marketing material, I argue that work on power‐topologies and relational geographies has much to offer. But, crucially, this work simultaneously risks underplaying the role material landscapes play in conflicts over planning policy and the power exerted to dominate such landscapes. Thus, emphasizing topology proves insufficient unless coupled with a focus on the power involved in appropriating and reshaping material topographies.

Contested terrain and terrain that contests: Donald Trump, golf’s environmental politics, and a challenge to anthropocentrism in Physical Cultural Studies

This article focuses on the case of Trump International Golf Links, Scotland (TIGLS), a golf course in Aberdeenshire that opened in 2012 after a lengthy and contentious application and development phase. Herein, we draw from a larger study of golf and the environment with the aim of assessing both the TIGLS case in itself and its implications for the study of sport/physical culture in general. The TIGLS case on the one hand provides an empirical example of the concept of ‘environmental managerialism’ – which is to say it exemplifies how governments, even with an ostensible commitment to sustainability in place, can still give approval to environmentally impactful development projects. It also provides an empirical example of a new social movement at work. Once the TIGLS development earned government approval, it was met by opposition during the construction phase by a group called ‘Tripping Up Trump’. On the other hand, we use the TIGLS case as a platform for a broader research commentary, one focused especially on the recently emergent Physical Cultural Studies (PCS) literature. Our contention at this time is that PCS as thus far conceived is anthropocentric in its scope; the important and necessary role that non-humans play in physical cultural contexts has largely been overlooked. We call for further consideration of how ‘new materialist’ perspectives can inform research on sport and other dimensions of physical culture.

“Because I am who I am and my mother is Scottish”: neoliberal planning and entrepreneurial instincts at Trump International Golf Links Scotland

Focusing on the establishment of the first European Trump Golf development – on the Menie Estate along the Scottish North Sea coast – the paper contends that neoliberal planning, understood as state interventions to allow individual entrepreneurs to realise their visions, reshapes both planning practice and the socio-ecologies governed by planning in problematic ways. Neoliberal mindsets here cause politicians to depart from previously established practices. The paper analyses how governance becomes tied up in questions of entrepreneurial freedom and with beliefs in the capacity of an individual entrepreneur to steer the fate of the region.

2013 Economic Developer of the Year Award Winners

Dakota Dunes Hotel development; Dakota Dunes Golf Links expansion for a Club House; Saskatoon Tribal Council Casino Holdings, and; Whitecap Commercial Real Estate development. Darrell is currently a Board Member for the MidSask Community Futures and Regional Economic Development Corporation; the Saskatoon Tribal Council Casino Holdings Corporation; Dakota Dunes Golf Links and Ideas Inc. Darrell believes in preserving a strong sustainable community and works with the Whitecap Dakota First Nation Chief and Council to make Whitecap Dakota First Nation a lead and best practice to achieving economic success. In 2002, Chief and Council sought to establish a new corporate structure that would position the First Nation for future growth and development opportunities, generate wealth and employment, and that would protect the First Nation from any negative consequences should any of the business enterprises not succeed. Cando Economic Developer of the Year Award Winner Aboriginal Private Sector Business Category Erasmus Apparel Erasmus Apparel is an Aboriginal-owned company located in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories that embodies the hard-working and adventurous spirit that makes the north and its residents a most wonderful place.

성별에 따른 골프장 서비스와 고객행동에 대한 구인동등성 및 잠재평균분석

성별에 따른 골프장 서비스와 고객행동에 대한 구인동등성 및 잠재평균분석

Contested expectations: Trump International Golf Links Scotland, polarised visions, and the making of the Menie Estate landscape as resource

In initiating the development of a large-scale golf resort in Aberdeenshire, Trump International Golf Links Scotland made a relatively unknown site central to Scottish planning debates. A stretch of land along the North Sea coast north of Aberdeen became linked to new possible futures.Part of the site developed consisted of moving sand dunes given environmental protection as a Site of Special Scientific Interest and from the onset a heated debate has concerned the transformability of these dunes. The land was simultaneously seen as perfect for a golf resort of a scale previously unseen in the UK and as sensitive land threatened by the development. Proponents asserted that future economic benefits would outweigh any environmental impact. Opponents in turn contested such expectations through asserting other variables to be counted, or questioning the possibility to control the dunes altogether. Hence, the resort’s eventual relation to sand dunes, migrating pink-footed geese and fog along the coast became political arguments.In this article I utilise this case to illustrate how the ways futures are expressed produces both political subjects and objects in the present. I argue that a process where social struggle is conducted as the production of future scenarios posits important opportunities for public engagement while also leading to new problems. This I shed light on by bringing together Callon’s notion of performative theories with the literature on post-politics, offering a critique of expert-led environmental governance.

高等教育における芝生に関するカリキュラムの現状

The current state of the curriculum concerning the lawn in the higher education of our country was investigated. A lot of citizens hope for the space of lawn to be made in the stadium in rugby, the soccer stadium, and golf links, and so on, and more in the schoolyards, and parks. Unprofessional might be managed for the space of lawn. However, specialist's knowledge is necessary to create the space and lawn management. In a present higher education, how the curriculum concerning the lawn is going is clarified, and the current state of the specialist's training is clarified. From the results, curriculums concerning lawn are very a few. It became clear from these to only 13 schools, and 23 subjects that related to the lawn in the whole country. Moreover, it became clear also there were 12 subject to which the visit and the practice of actual lawn management were done besides the lecture. The research system that specializes in the lawn should be weak, and to train the specialist, the curriculum of these higher education be enhanced more in Japan.

Simple water analysis of golf link pesticides by means of batch-wise adsorption and supercritical fluid extraction

Here, a simple new method is proposed to evaluate water for the presence of pesticides. Specifically, pesticides for golf link maintenance were used as the targets for this investigation. Water samples containing the pesticides were mixed with particulate adsorbent, after which the pesticides were extracted from the adsorbents using supercritical fluid carbon dioxide and then analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The recoveries of pesticides were examined with several types of adsorbents and found to be related to their octanol/water partition coefficients ( K ow) for most of the adsorbents. Good recoveries were obtained when the water samples were mixed with octadecylsilane (ODS) and stylene-divinylbenzene copolymer (XAD) resins for 15 and 30 min, respectively. In the supercritical fluid extraction, extraction pressure affected the efficiency of extraction from XAD while a little effect on extraction from ODS, probably due to the internal structure of the adsorbents. The limit of detection ranged from 0.002 to 2.3 μg L −1 and the method is suitable for the measurement of golf link pesticides in μg L −1 order to 100 μg L −1. The procedure of the proposed method was simpler than the conventional solid-phase extraction method. Finally, the method presented here was used to identify pesticides present in actual wastewater from golf links.

Rocky Shore Golf Links: Douglas Peterson

For Douglas Peterson and his two 10-year-old golf partners, it had been a memorable round at a world-class course with a caddy who contributed greatly to their enjoyment. For caddy Donald Andrews, the round was among the most challenging, physically and mentally, in which he had participated. As the group walked up the 18th fairway, Peterson reflected on the size of an appropriate tip for the caddy while Andrews wondered how he might influence the size of the tip.

Rocky Shore Golf Links: Donald Andrews

For Douglas Peterson and his two 10-year-old golf partners, it had been a memorable round at a world-class course with a caddy who contributed greatly to their enjoyment. For caddy Donald Andrews, the round was among the most challenging, physically and mentally, in which he had participated. As the group walked up the 18th fairway, Peterson reflected on the the size of an appropriate tip for the caddy while Andrews wondered how he might influence the size of the tip.

Gating and Class Relations: the case of a New Delhi “colony”

During the 1990s an increasing number of New Delhi's elite neighborhoods erected gates with guards at their entrances. A process, which elsewhere has been termed fortification or gating, is unfolding in the city. In the context of changing class relations in urban India this article explores the gating of one centrally located upscale neighbourhood, or “colony,” called Golf Links in New Delhi. In Golf Links, the elite explains the gating as a result of increased crime and untrustworthy servants. In this article it is argued rather that gating must be understood in terms of complex transformations unfolding in Indian cities. The case of Golf Links provides insight into how these changes affect urban Indian class relations.

Toxicity evaluation of pesticides used in golf links with suspension-cultured fish cell lines

Toxicity evaluation of pesticides used in golf links with suspension-cultured fish cell lines

Birds at the Golf Links

Birds at the Golf Links