Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire Research Articles

The Mediating Role of Exercise in Depression and Fatigue in Patients with Advanced Cancer

This study explored the interconnections between sociodemographic elements, depression, fatigue, and exercise in patients suffering from incurable neoplasm, particularly emphasizing the mediating influence of exercise on the relationship between depression and fatigue This was a prospective, multicenter, observational study involving 15 hospitals across Spain. After three months of systemic cancer treatment, participants completed the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (GSLTPAQ) and the Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS) to measure levels of depression, fatigue, and exercise, respectively. A total of 616 subjects participated in this study. Activity levels differed markedly according to educational attainment, marital, and work status. There was a negative correlation between physical activity and depression, and a positive correlation between depression and fatigue (β = −0.18, and β = 0.46, respectively). Additionally, physical activity inversely influenced fatigue levels (β = 0.21). Physical activity served as a partial intermediary in the link between depression and fatigue among patients with advanced, unresectable cancer. Healthcare providers are urged to consider both the physical and emotional dimensions of cancer treatment, implementing physical activity programs to enhance overall patient quality of life and mental health.

Leisure-time physical activity mitigated the cognitive effect of PM2.5 and PM2.5 components exposure: Evidence from a nationwide longitudinal study

BackgroundExposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) impairs cognition, while physical activity (PA) improves cognitive function. However, whether taking PA with PM2.5 exposure is still beneficial to cognition remains unknown. MethodsWe utilized national representative longitudinal data from the China Family Panel Study (CFPS), comprising a total sample of 108,099 from 2010 to 2018 in three waves. Cognitive performance and leisure-time PA were measured using the standard cognitive module and Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. Gridded overall PM2.5 and major chemical components of PM2.5 were estimated using a two-stage machine learning model and matched to each participant based on their residential location. Mixed-effect models and difference-in-difference models were employed to investigate the individual and joint effects of total PM2.5, PM2.5 components, and leisure-time PA on cognition. ResultsEvery 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with a −0.035 (95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.052, −0.018) point change in cognitive score. All PM2.5 components exhibited negative associations with cognitive change, with black carbon (BC) contributing the most significant cognitive decline (β = −1.025, 95% CI = −1.367, −0.683). Every one-time (or one-hour) increase in leisure-time PA frequency (or PA time) per week was associated with an increase in cognitive score by 0.576 (0.270) points (PA frequency: 95% CI = 0.544, 0.608, PA time: 95% CI = 0.248, 0.293). PA frequency (β = −0.005, 95% CI = −0.006, −0.003) and PA time (β = −0.002, 95% CI = −0.003, −0.001) exhibited interactive effects with PM2.5. Increased PA frequency and time were more beneficial to cognitive function in the low PM2.5 exposure group compared to those exposed to high PM2.5 levels. Moreover, relative to lower PM2.5 exposure, the cognitive benefits of physically active individuals with higher PM2.5 exposure were attenuated but still improved cognition when compared to those with no PA. ConclusionEngaging in leisure-time PA provides cognitive benefits even under PM2.5 exposure, although PM2.5 exposure attenuates these benefits. Among all PM2.5 components, BC demonstrated the most significant cognitive hazard and interaction with leisure-time PA. Promoting PA as a preventive measure may offer a cost-effective and convenient strategy to mitigate the negative impact of PM2.5 exposure on cognition. There is no excuse to avoid PA under PM2.5 exposure, as its cognitive benefits persist even in polluted environments.

Associations of self-reported and device-assessed physical activity with fatigue, quality of life, and sleep quality in adults living with and beyond cancer

BackgroundGreater physical activity is associated with improved outcomes in people living with and beyond cancer. However, most studies in exercise oncology use self-reported measures of physical activity. Few have explored agreement between self-reported and device-based measures of physical activity in people living with and beyond cancer. This study aimed to describe physical activity in adults affected by cancer across self-reported and device-assessed activity, to explore levels of agreement between these measures in terms of their utility for categorizing participants as meeting/not meeting physical activity guidelines, and to explore whether meeting guidelines is associated with fatigue, quality of life, and sleep quality. MethodsA total of 1348 adults living with and beyond cancer from the Advancing Survivorship Cancer Outcomes Trial completed a survey assessing fatigue, quality of life, sleep quality, and physical activity. The Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to calculate a Leisure Score Index (LSI) and an estimate of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Average daily steps and weekly aerobic steps were derived from pedometers worn by participants. ResultsThe percentage of individuals meeting physical activity guidelines was 44.3% using LSI, 49.5% using MVPA, 10.8% using average daily steps, and 28.5% using weekly aerobic steps. Agreement (Cohen's κ) between self-reported and pedometer measures ranged from 0.13 (LSI vs. average daily steps) to 0.60 (LSI vs. MVPA). After adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related covariates, meeting activity guidelines using all measures was associated with not experiencing severe fatigue (odds ratios (ORs): 1.43–1.97). Meeting guidelines using MVPA was associated with no quality-of-life issues (OR = 1.53). Meeting guidelines using both self-reported measures were associated with good sleep quality (ORs: 1.33–1.40). ConclusionLess than half of all adults affected by cancer are meeting physical activity guidelines, regardless of measure. Meeting guidelines is associated with lower fatigue across all measures. Associations with quality of life and sleep differ depending on measure. Future research should consider the impact of physical activity measure on findings, and where possible, use multiple measures.

Reported Mental Health, Diet, and Physical Activity in Young Adult Cancer Survivors.

Young adult (YA) cancer survivors are at increased risk for chronic diseases and face age-dependent stressors that may hinder their ability to maintain healthy lifestyle behaviors. This study examined associations between reported mental health, eating beliefs, and health behaviors in YA cancer survivors. YA cancer survivors aged 18-39 years (n = 225) completed a self-administered REDCap® survey, including the Perceived Stress Scale 10, PROMIS® Anxiety and Depression, Eating Beliefs Questionnaire, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Dietary Screener Questionnaire, Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, and demographic and diagnosis-related questions. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multiple linear regression were performed. Participants were mean 31.3 years old and 3.7 years post-treatment; 77.3% were women. Most participants reported White (78%) or Black or African American (11.2%) race and non-Hispanic ethnicity (84%). Adjusting for covariates, perceived stress, anxiety, and depression were associated with increased added sugar intake (p < 0.001) and eating beliefs (p < 0.001). Perceived stress and depression were associated with reduced vegetable intake (p < 0.05). There were no associations with fruit intake or physical activity in the adjusted models. Health behavior interventions for this population may address psychosocial needs by including a stress management or mind-body component. Further research including direct measures of health behaviors is warranted.

Effect of a Telephone Health Coaching Intervention on Hypertension Control in Young Adults

Uncontrolled hypertension (ie, a 24-hour ambulatory systolic blood pressure of ≥130 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure of ≥80 mm Hg or clinic systolic blood pressure of ≥140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure of ≥90 mm Hg) in young adults is a US public health burden. To evaluate the effect of a telephone coaching and blood pressure self-monitoring intervention compared with usual care on changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressures and behaviors at 6 and 12 months. This randomized clinical trial included male and female participants aged 18 to 39 years with uncontrolled hypertension confirmed by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure testing. This was a geographically diverse, multicentered study within 2 large, Midwestern health care systems. Data were collected from October 2017 to February 2022 and analyzed from February to June 2022. The My Hypertension Education and Reaching Target (MyHEART) intervention consisted of telephone coaching every 2 weeks for 6 months, with home blood pressure monitoring. Control participants received routine hypertension care. The co-primary clinical outcomes were changes in 24-hour ambulatory and clinic systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 6 and 12 months. The secondary outcomes were hypertension control (defined as ambulatory systolic blood pressure <130 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure <80 mm Hg or clinic systolic blood pressure <140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg) and changes in hypertension self-management behavior. A total of 316 participants were randomized (159 to the control group and 157 to the intervention group) from October 2017 to December 2020. The median (IQR) age was 35 (31-37) years, 145 of 311 participants (46.6%) were female, and 166 (53.4%) were male; 72 (22.8%) were Black, and 222 (70.3%) were White. There were no differences in baseline characteristics between groups. There was no significant difference between control and intervention groups for mean 24-hour ambulatory systolic or diastolic blood pressure or clinic systolic or diastolic blood pressure at 6 or 12 months. However, there was appreciable clinical reduction in blood pressures in both study groups (eg, mean [SD] change in systolic blood pressure in intervention group at 6 months, -4.19 [9.77] mm Hg; P < .001). Hypertension control did not differ between study groups. Participants in the intervention group demonstrated a significant increase in home blood pressure monitoring at 6 and 12 months (eg, 13 of 152 participants [8.6%] checked blood pressure at home at least once a week at baseline vs 30 of 86 [34.9%] at 12 months; P < .001). There was a significant increase in physical activity, defined as active by the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, in the intervention group at 6 months (69 of 100 [69.0%] vs 51 of 104 [49.0%]; P = .004) but not at 12 months (49 of 86 [57.0%] vs 49 of 90 [54.4%]; P = .76). There was a significant reduction in mean (SD) sodium intake among intervention participants at 6 months (3968.20 [1725.17] mg vs 3354.72 [1365.75] mg; P = .003) but not 12 months. There were no significant differences in other dietary measures. The MyHEART intervention did not demonstrate a significant change in systolic or diastolic blood pressures at 6 or 12 months between study groups; however, both study groups had an appreciable reduction in blood pressure. Intervention participants had a significant reduction in dietary sodium intake, increased physical activity, and increased home blood pressure monitoring compared with control participants. These findings suggest that the MyHEART intervention could support behavioral changes in young adults with uncontrolled hypertension. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03158051.

Exercise Associated with Cognitive Function in Older Men with Prostate Cancer Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy.

To examine associations between exercise and cognitive function in older men undergoing hormone therapy for prostate cancer. Men ≥ 65years old with prostate cancer, currently undergoing androgen deprivation therapy for ≥ 6months (n = 50), completed the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, and standard neuropsychological tests. Pearson's correlations and linear regressions were used to examine associations between exercise and cognitive performance. Exercise was significantly positively correlated with performance on tests of memory, attention, and executive function. Linear regressions showed that when controlling for age and education, exercise remained a significant predictor of attention and executive function performance (p < 0.05), and showed moderate, but statistically non-significant effects on memory performance (p < 0.10). Greater exercise is associated with better functioning in multiple cognitive domains in men with prostate cancer undergoing hormone therapy, providing proof-of-concept evidence that exercise may be a feasible intervention to limit cognitive dysfunction in prostate cancer patients.

Eating habits and physical activity of Saudi women before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the lives of many people have been affected, and their lifestyles changed, including their eating habits and levels of physical activity. Objective: This study aimed to assess lifestyle changes among Saudi women before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional descriptive design. Participants were recruited via social media (WhatsApp, Twitter, and Facebook), and the data were collected in March 2021 through Godin–Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity questionnaire and eating habits questionnaire. Chi-square and t-tests were used for data analysis. Results: The number of participants included in the analysis was 979. The results of the study showed no statistically significant difference in the BMI (t = 1.29, p = 0.15) or physical activity (t = 1.49, p = 0.135) when comparing the time before and during the pandemic. However, there were changes in their eating habits, including changes in the relative frequency of eating home-cooked meals and ordering from restaurants. Ordering restaurant meals per week decreased from 78.2% before COVID-19 to 47.5% during the pandemic. Moreover, there was a marked increase in anxiety reported about food hygiene from outside sources, from 14.7% before COVID-19 to 63% during the pandemic. Regarding physical activity, 41.7% said the pandemic had moderately affected their physical activity. The home was the most common setting for exercise both before and during the pandemic, but the percentage of participants exercising exclusively at home was almost doubled during the pandemic, from 46% before the pandemic to 81% during the pandemic Conclusion: Dietary habits have changed in a good way during the pandemic; participants increased their consumption of home-cooked meals rather than eating restaurant meals. Also, the participants were more anxious about food hygiene during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Lifestyle of Italian University Students Attending Different Degree Courses: A Survey on Physical Activity, Sleep and Eating Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic

The current study aimed to evaluate the Italian university students’ lifestyle during the COVID-19 pandemic, considering the degree courses, chronotype, and sex. Five-hundred thirty-three participants (21.46 ± 0.18 yrs, 335 females) filled out: Godin-Shephard Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (GSL-TPAQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED), Reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) to assess physical activity, sleep, nutrition and chronotype. Use of electronic devices, smoking, and drinking habits were also evaluated. Sports science students were more active (60.92 ± 2.96), slept better (4.40 ± 0.15), showed greater Mediterranean diet adherence (5.98 ± 0.31), and smoked less (smokers: 14.5%) than nursing students (GSL-TPAQ: 38.62 ± 2.92, PSQI: 5.29 ± 0.18, KIDMED: 4.23 ± 0.33, smokers: 27.9%). They displayed a higher percentage of beer drinkers (40% vs. 28.7%) and lower use of electronic devices (5.92 ± 0.17 vs. 9.07 ± 1.17). Evening-type students showed worse sleep (5.96 ± 0.30) and lower Mediterranean diet adherence (4.32 ± 0.52) than Neither- (PSQI: 4.58 ± 0.13, KIDMED: 5.13 ± 0.28) and Morning-types (PSQI: 4.33 ± 0.33, KIDMED: 6.71 ± 0.64). Evening-types also showed a higher percentage of smokers (29.9%) and drinkers (beer: 53.3%, wine: 45.8%, alcohol: 40.2%) than Neither- (smokers: 20.3%, beer: 31.4%, wine: 31.4%, alcohol: 23.5%) and Morning-types (smokers: 8.9%, beer: 19.6%, wine: 19.6%, alcohol: 8.9%). Evening-type males used electronic devices longer (9.10 ± 3.05) than females (6.71 ± 0.41). Females showed fewer drinkers (beer: 26.6%, wine: 29.6%) than males (beer: 49.0%, wine: 38.9%). Maintaining a correct lifestyle even in this unusual condition is essential, in particular among the Evening-type students.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire for Arabic Population and Testing its Psychometric Properties.

BackgroundPhysical activity during leisure time is essential to promote health, owing to the decreased physical activity in mechanized working environments. The present study aimed to cross-culturally modify the Godin Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (GSLTPAQ) into Arabic and to assess its psychometric properties.Material/MethodsWe conducted this study in various standardized stages. At each stage, the corrections were made by an expert committee. In the initial stage, the English version of the GSLTPAQ was translated into Arabic and then back-translated into English. In the second stage, we ensured the content validity by collecting the opinion of 10 professionals in the medical field. Finally, in the third stage, the Arabic version was applied to the Saudi population to check its test-retest reliability, face validity, internal consistency, and concurrent validity.ResultsFor the Arabic version of the GSLTPAQ, we evaluated the content validity by involving 10 experts, and it was found to be excellent. The scale was applied to 150 office workers in the university to assess psychometric properties. The scale showed remarkable internal consistency (0.99) and high test-retest reliability (0.88). We evaluated the concurrent validity by comparing it with the Copenhagen City Heart Study Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, and it was shown to have an excellent validity of 0.86 (<0.001).ConclusionsAfter conducting the careful process of translations, we adapted and created the Arabic version of the GSLTPAQ. It was found to have excellent content validity, test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and concurrent validity.

The Consequences of the Restrictive Measures Due to Two Strict Covid-19 Lockdowns on Self-Reported Physical Activity in Adolescents

Background: Restrictions due to COVID-19 lockdowns reduced the possibilities of children and adolescents for being active, with negative consequences in adopting a healthy lifestyle. Purpose: To compare Greek adolescents’ self-reported weekly participation in physical activity, during and before the two initial strict lockdowns, due to COVID-19. Secondary aims were to examine these differences with regard to gender, and associations between weekly physical activity participation with health status variables. Methods: Three hundred and sixty-three adolescents (Ν=363) from secondary schools, in the Greek territory (108 boys and 255 girls) filled in the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire and the TNO-AZL Questionnaire for Children’s Health-Related Quality of Life Children’s Form, online. It was a cross-sectional study and data were collected during first and second strict lockdowns, from different adolescents who filled in the above online questionnaires once. Results: Adolescents reduced significantly weekly frequency of strenuous, moderate and total physical activity, during lockdowns (p.05). Time factor had a different effect on boys and girls, only in moderate physical activity (p.05). Positive correlations were found between strenuous and total physical activity with positive moods, and moderate physical activity with cognitive functioning and school performance, during lockdowns (p.05). Conclusions: This study adds information regarding the negative impact on physical activity participation in Greek adolescents during COVID-19 strict lockdowns. The findings, also, highlighted that reduced physical activity among adolescents during lockdowns associated with poorer psychosocial status. Thus, these results could be used to inform strategies for promoting health movement behaviors, in order to reduce possible negative consequences during future pandemics.

Sleep Quality in relation with Perceived Stress and Physical Activity in the Students of Pakistani Medical Colleges

Background: Sleep is an essential function of our body. Many surveys have reported the prevalence of poor sleep in university students, especially in medical students. Objectives: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of physical activity and stress on sleep quality among medical students in Pakistan. Materials &amp; Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on medical students of private medical colleges in Lahore. A convenient sampling technique was used and 210 students were selected. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Godin Shephard Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (GSLTPAQ), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS 10) were used for data collection. We used SPSS version 20 to analyze data and applied statistical tests: Chi-square test and Logistic Regression. p-value &lt; 0.05 was taken to establish significance. Results: Among the study participants 91(43.3%) were males and 119 (57.7%) were females. There was a significant effect of stress level on sleep quality (P=0.000*). The frequency of good sleepers was seen to increase by almost three times with increasing physical activity, however, this difference remained non-significant (p=0.07). The logistic regression test showed a significant relationship between poor sleep and stress (p=0. 008**) while no significant relationship was seen between sleep quality and physical activity. Conclusion: There was a significant association between poor sleep and high-stress levels and an increase in physical activity showed an increase in the frequency of good sleep, however, this difference was non-significant. It can be inferred that this positive effect of increasing physical activity on the quality of sleep could be indirectly due to its relieving effect on stress.

Active Living After Cancer (ALAC) program: An avenue to improve physical functioning and moderate-intensity physical activity in gynecologic cancer survivors.

e24034 Background: Active Living After Cancer (ALAC) is a 12-week evidence-based program funded by the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) to provide physical activity and survivorship education to cancer survivors. Given the limited data evaluating the effects of physical activity educational programs in gynecologic cancer survivors, we aim to assess the effects of the ALAC intervention in this patient population. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on gynecologic cancer survivors who participated in ALAC from 2017 to 2021. The 12-week ALAC program included weekly meetings (in-person or virtual) led by a facilitator providing physical activity behavioral skills training, leading 10 minutes of exercise, and discussing topics related to cancer survivorship. Surveys and functional testing assessments were collected pre- and post-program which included: The Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (GSLTPAQ) and 30-second sit-to-stand. A patient-reported outcomes survey was used to assess patient perceived benefits and program satisfaction. Results: Thirty-two patients participated in ALAC and 22 completed pre- and post-program assessments. The mean age of participants was 60.2 years (range 50.7-69.7 years) and mean number of classes attended was 8 (range 0-12 classes). Prior cancer diagnoses included 14 cervical, 11 uterine, and 7 ovarian cancers. A significant improvement was seen pre- and post-ALAC in moderate-intensity physical activity minutes (n = 17, 97 vs 252 minutes, p = 0.007) by GSLTPAQ and 30-second sit-to-stand test (n = 16, 12.3 vs 15.8 repetitions, p = 0.003) in our cohort. The post-ALAC patient reported outcome survey (n = 22) revealed improvement in emotional well-being (90%), physical well-being (91%), physical activity level (100%), comfort speaking openly in a group (85%), and willingness to discuss their cancer journey (66%). Overall, 95.3% of participants were satisfied with the ALAC program and 100% of participants would recommend the ALAC program to other cancer survivors. Conclusions: Educational physical activity-based programs like ALAC improve physical functioning and moderate-intensity physical activity in gynecologic cancer survivors. Further studies on the long-term health benefits of structured educational programs which promote active lifestyles in gynecologic cancer survivors are needed in larger patient cohorts.

Development and test-retest reliability of the Combat Sports Post-Career Health Questionnaire (CSPCHQ).

The long-term impact of weight cycling on health status, eating habits, physical activity and the lifestyle of former combat sports athletes is still insufficiently explored. Therefore, a novel questionnaire in English, Portuguese, Spanish and Croatian language was constructed. To determine the reliability and the content/face validity, a total of 110 participants filled the questionnaire on two occasions. With the majority of intra-class correlation coefficient values above 0·75, the questionnaire items were shown to be very stable. Additionally, according to κ values, the questionnaire has fair test-retest reliability, with only one coefficient being labelled as poor (Q40 in ESP). All questionnaire sub-scales showed moderate to very good internal consistency when the overall sample was observed (α ranging from 0·605 to 0·802). Poor α values were found only in Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire for CRO and ESP samples. Wilcoxon's signed rank test showed significant differences only in the Mindful Eating Questionnaire sub-scale scores (overall: P = 0·002, effect size = -0·208 [moderate]; CRO: P = 0·005, effect size = 0·303 [moderate]). It can be concluded that the newly developed questionnaire had strong test-retest reliability. Further validity research in a larger sample of former combat sports athletes should be considered.

Efficacy of a 6-Week Home-Based Online Supervised Exercise Program Conducted During COVID-19 in Patients With Post Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a 6-week cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program designed for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) that involved an online supervised exercise program that they could access during COVID-19.MethodsOne hundred patients were randomly allocated into control group (CG) and supervision group (SG). CG accepted conventional health education with a home exercise program booklet delivered before discharge, SG had an additional home-based online supervised exercise program (HOSEP). Questionnaires, motor function and lipid profile were administered at baseline. Questionnaires included the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity questionnaire (GSLTPAQ) and Bandura's Exercise Self-efficacy (ESE). Motor function included: 6-min walk test (6 MWT), timed up and go test (TUG), 30-s sit to stand (30-s STS), and Hand Grip Strength (HG). Lipid profile included: low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG). The questionnaires were re-administered after 2-weeks, all tests were re-evaluated after 6-weeks.Resultsthe questionnaire results showed that scores on GSLTPAQ and ESE were significantly improved in the SG. The changes in GSLTPAQ scores from baseline to 2- and 6-weeks in the SG were significantly higher than in the CG (2-week: 6.9 ± 13.0 for SG and 0.2 ± 10.2 for CG, p = 0.005; 6-week: 9.4 ± 18.1 for SG and 0.2 ± 11.8 for CG, p = 0.003). in terms of motor function, both the CG and SG improved TUG and 6 MWT performance, with the 6 MWT improvement being significantly greater in the SG than CG (43.7 ± 39.2 m for SG and 16.6 ± 39.1 m for CG, p = 0.001). Improvement in the 30-s STS was significantly greater in the SG than CG (2.4 ± 3.6 repetitions for SG and 0.4 ± 3.5 repetitions for CG, p = 0.007). the lipid profile level significantly improved over baseline in both SG and CG after 6-week intervention, and these changes were not statistically different between groups.ConclusionThis pilot randomized control study demonstrated that a 6-week HOSEP, when added to education delivered pre-hospital discharge for CAD patients following PCI, was beneficial with respect to exercise self-efficacy, exercise behavior, motor function and lipid profile. Supervised exercise programs delivered online in addition to education providing effective and accessible CR during COVID-19.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN INDIVIDUALS AGED 50 YEARS AND OLDER DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The purpose of this study is to examine the level of leisure-time physical activity of women and men aged 50 years and older during the pandemic COVID-19 and the impact of COVID-19 on the quality of life of these individuals and to examine the relationship between these two variables. A total of 84 individuals aged 50 years and older, who were selected through the convenience sampling method, participated in the study. The mean age of the female and male participants in this study was 64.07 and 64.45 years, respectively. The Personal Information Form, Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the COV19-Impact on Quality of Life Scale were used for data collection in the study. The results of the study showed that there was a difference between the level of leisure-time physical activity of the female and male participants, with the level of physical activity being higher in the male participants than the female participants. There was no significant difference between the effects of COVID-19 on the quality of life of the male and female participants. The negative impact of COVID-19 on the quality of life of the participants was higher than the average. Examining the relationship between the level of physical activity of the female and male participants and the impact of COVID-19 on their quality of life, it was found that the negative impact of COVID-19 on quality of life of both female and male participants decreased as the level of leisure-time physical activity increased. Thus, the results of this study indicate that COVID-19 has a negative impact on physical activity, especially in females, and on the quality of life in both females and males aged 50 years and older.

Prevalence of physical activity using validated tools among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Eastern Mediterranean region: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Many interventions have been taken around the world to limit the spread of COVID-19. These interventions have affected people’s lifestyles such as physical activity. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the prevalence of physical activity using validated tools among adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Eastern Mediterranean region. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted in October 2021. We searched three electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed) for English-language original articles of observational studies (cross-sectional, case–control, and cohort studies) with original data reporting the prevalence of physical activity among adults in 22 countries from EMR during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hoy’s risk of Bias tool was applied to assess the biases in individual studies. The result was reported as a percentage for prevalence. A meta-analysis was conducted using the random-effect model with a 95% confidence interval. A total of 363 articles were retrieved. Finally, 15 articles were selected and included in the statistical analysis. The selected studies included 16,585 participants. The result of the meta-analysis showed that the overall physical activity was 51.6% (95% confidence interval: 42.1, 61: p = 0.745). The result of subgroup analysis based on different tools was 60.2%, 39.5%, 36.3%, 39.4%, and 55.2% for Global Physical Activity Questionnaire , The Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire–BREF, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire–short form, respectively. Our study highlights the urgent need for large-scale measurement and reporting of physical activity and the use of standard tools that can allow for the regular assessment and screening of the PA prevalence to support evidence-informed policy and programs development at both national and regional levels.

1255Associations between select lifestyle behaviours and quality of life based on MS phenotype

Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) comprises progressive and non-progressive phenotypes, both presenting with symptoms that may reduce quality of life (QoL). Lifestyle behaviours, including diet, exercise, and wellness activities, are associated with higher QoL, however little is known about differences by MS phenotype. We assessed associations between lifestyle behaviours and QoL, between progressive vs non-progressive MS. Methods Self-reported cross-sectional data from the iConquerMS study (n = 1,109) were analysed. Lifestyle behaviours were queried via tick-box options for diet-type, supplement use, and wellness activities; and physical activity via Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. QoL was queried via Neuro-QoL. Linear regression, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, education, disability, and MS duration, was used to assess associations and moderation analyses to assess differences between MS phenotypes. Results Diet-type, physical activity, and wellness activities were associated with specific QoL subdomains. Only associations between diet and physical activity, with QoL subdomains, differed between phenotypes. Anti-inflammatory diets were associated with a 1.5-point increase in mobility in progressive MS. In non-progressive MS, high physical activity was associated with a 3.6-point decrease in depression, and a 4.2-, 2.3- and 3.0-point increase in positive affect, fine motor skills, and social participation, respectively. Conclusions Specific lifestyle behaviours were associated with QoL subdomains. Associations between diet and physical activity with QoL differed between MS phenotype. Key messages Specific lifestyle behaviours are associated with higher QoL. Lifestyle interventions for MS management should consider disease course.

Relationship between Leisure-Time Physical Activity and Discrepancies of the Self among college students in India

Routine physical activity has been shown to have a substantial impact on both physical and mental health. As an exploration of the psychological aspects of exercise and sports, the present study attempts to investigate the relationship between Leisure-time Physical Activity and Self-discrepancies. The self-discrepancies were measured with respect to the Big-Five Personality traits, by getting self-reports of Actual and Ideal selves. The Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (GSLTPAQ) and the Mini-IPIP scales were used to collect data from college students (N=166) in India, who belong to the streams of Art, Science, Commerce, and Social Work. The data obtained suggest that the amount of physical activity is significantly correlated with self-discrepancies in Neuroticism (r = -0.27) and Extraversion (r = -0.17). A significant negative relationship was also observed between Physical Activity and the Total Self-Discrepancy. The conclusion arrived at was that Physical Activity affects some aspects of our personality traits and that individuals who perform sufficient amount of physical activity on a regular basis are more likely to actualize selected aspects of their idealistic selves.

Factors affecting physical activity among prediabetic women: the application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

Background and aims: Prediabetic individuals are more at risk for developing diabetes mellitus (DM). Physical activity (PA) is a significant factor contributing to health maintenance and promotion. This study aimed to assess the factors affecting PA among prediabetic women based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 on 100 prediabetic women selected from comprehensive healthcare centers in Arak, Iran. A demographic questionnaire, a TPB-based questionnaire, and Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were analyzed through the Spearman’s correlation analysis and the linear regression analysis with the backward method. Results: The mean score of PA was 0.56±0.8 (in the possible range of 0–2). Around 61% of participants had limited PA, 16% of them had moderate PA, 19% of them had adequate PA and 4% no response. Perceived behavioral control explained 5.5% of the variance of the PA behavior. Conclusion: Given the significant effects of perceived behavioral control on PA, TPB-based educations may be helpful in promoting PA among prediabetic women.

The Importance of Nature Exposure and Physical Activity for Psychological Health and Stress Perception: Evidence From the First Lockdown Period During the Coronavirus Pandemic 2020 in France and Germany.

Objective: This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study aims to compare physical activity and nature exposure levels between people living in France and Germany during the lockdown. Furthermore, the secondary aim is to observe the relationship between perceived stress, psychological health, physical activity, and nature exposure in Germany and France during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related lockdown of April/May 2020.Methods: The study includes 419 participants who have completed the Perceived Stress Scale 10, the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF, the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire, the modified Nature Exposure Scale, and complementary questions related to the lockdown period from April 19 to May 11, 2020. Multiple regression models were constructed to evaluate the relationship of nature exposure and physical exercise with overall stress perception and psychological health in France and Germany when considering a broad range of covariates.Results: Exposure to nature during the lockdown (ηp2 = 0.034, p < 0.001), amount of physical activity ηp2 = 0.014, p < 0.001), and psychological health (ηp2 = 0.041, p < 0.001) were greater in German compared with French participants. Godin Index and Nature Exposure Scale total score were both inversely correlated to stress perception and positively correlated to psychological health. The stress and psychological health regression models explained 10% of the results' variance. Physical activity (Godin Index) was a significant for both models. Nature Exposure Scale total score was a significant predictor only for psychological health. When including all significant covariates, the regression models explained 30.7% for the perceived stress and 42.1% for the psychological health total overall variance.Conclusion: Physical activity and nature exposure are significant predictors of psychological health. Even though both variables are associated with stress perception, only physical activity is a significant predictor of stress perception. Our results suggest that physical activity and nature exposure were key factors to go through the lockdown period in France and Germany.