Faith In God Research Articles

Pendidikan Agama Kristen dalam Perspektif Teori Perkembangan Iman James W. Fowler

James W. Fowler's theory of faith development plays a role in seeing the growth of human faith in God. In this case, Fowler formulated several stages in developing one's faith, including the steps of the faith development of several people who have different beliefs. This study raises the thoughts of James Fowler and its relevance to Christian Religious Education today so that this research results in an understanding that in the context of Christian Religious Education, the development of faith needs to be instilled in students from an early age by educators. The method used in this paper is the literature study method.

Faith and the Meaning of Life: Reflections on the Crisis Experience and Spiritual Transformation of Covid-19 Survivors

The Covid-19 outbreak leaves an experience of suffering experienced directly by individuals when they are exposed to the deadly virus. The suffering felt during the illness became one of the experiences that brought life transformation for some survivors in several aspects of life including their psycho-spiritual aspects. This study aims to describe how the synergy of faith and the meaning of life as a spiritual aspect, becomes a carrying capacity for Covid survivors so that they are able to get through a period of crisis, and bring transformation to their spiritual life after they recover. Researchers used a qualitative method with a case study approach and interview techniques to collect data on 4 COVID-19 survivors with moderate symptom experience in Kudus Regency. Based on the concept of the meaning of life in the theory of Logotherapy according to Victor E. Frankl, the results of this study indicate that the meaning of life contributes to the individual's ability to deal with the illness. The meaning of life cannot be separated from the respondent's faith in God and the meaning of destiny and endeavors that synergize to form a positive attitude in undergoing a period of crisis when sick. Success through the crisis leaves a transformation of spiritual quality in the form of increased motivation to worship and the ability to behave positive in life

Living Beyond Life Expectancy: Experience with Aging for Older Adults with Sickle Cell Disease

▪BackgroundOver the last five decades, advancements in management of sickle cell disease (SCD) have led to more individuals living beyond the median life expectancy, which has historically been 14 years based on autopsy data in 1973, to approximately 40 to 45 years in population-based studies and 61 years in recent cohorts from comprehensive programs. Despite the increasing life expectancy for people with SCD, there is a paucity of literature on the unique experiences of older adults with SCD (age > 50). This limits providers' understanding of how to address the unique needs of older adult patients with SCD as they age. Thus, the purpose of this study was to describe experiences with aging for older adults with SCD.MethodsWe recruited 19 older adults with SCD (age > 50) from a single academic comprehensive SCD center in the Southeastern United States. We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews by phone and in person. Participants were asked open-ended questions about their experiences living with SCD, aging, and surviving beyond the SCD life expectancy. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim. The transcripts were analyzed using conventional content analysis.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 58 years (range 50-71) and 47% (n=9) were female. The majority of participants were married or had a domestic partner (58%, n=11) and 47% (n=9) were working. Most participants had HbSS genotype (53%, n=10), 37% (n=7) had HbSC, and 11% (n=2) had HbSβ+-thalassemia. Most people reported current use of hydroxyurea (58%, n=11) and their most common chronic complications were avascular necrosis (79%, n=15), retinopathy (58%, n=11), and chronic kidney disease (47%, n=9).Participants described their experiences aging and living beyond the life expectancy for SCD, encompassed in three themes (Figure 1):Theme 1 was “challenges with SCD across the lifespan,” which focused on obstacles participates described from youth to adulthood, including experiencing pain and complications of SCD, but not being diagnosed with SCD until later in their childhood or until as late as mid-life. They described multiple obstacles as an older adult with SCD, including challenges maintaining employment, limitations in physical and social activities, and additional health problems such as kidney disease, increased fatigue, and pulmonary complications. They also reported perceiving healthcare providers were not knowledgeable enough about SCD to properly care for them.Theme 2 was “knowledge and self-management of SCD improves with age,” where participants described differences between being younger vs. older with SCD, including sharing lessons they learned over time about managing SCD, which made them feel more knowledgeable about how to care for themselves in their older age. They described strategies that helped prevent and manage pain crises, such as preparing for weather extremes, learning personal triggers for sickle cell crises, knowing when to rest and when to keep moving, hydration, and being proactive with their SCD care.Theme 3 was “surpassing life expectancy,” where participants discussed how their expectations for their life expectancy changed throughout their lives, and how their life expectancy was influenced by their family members, healthcare providers, and personal experiences and beliefs. Participants described being told by doctors at a young age that they would not live past age 18; however, when they made it to adulthood, some participants conveyed how they stopped allowing their prognosis to influence their thinking. Instead, they chose to trust in God that they would live long. Most participants said that their faith in God and healthy lifestyle choices were the main reasons why they surpassed the life expectancy for SCD.ConclusionThese findings described the experiences conveyed by older adults with SCD about living beyond their expected lifespan. These data provide direction for providers to address areas of care that are most important to this older population and inform development of interventions to increase the knowledge of providers about SCD and health self-efficacy. The information these participants shared will also provide guidance for younger adults with SCD as they navigate the aging process and implement strategies that can support successful aging with SCD. [Display omitted] DisclosuresStrouse: Takeda: Consultancy.

Strengthening Pancasila Characters Through The Role Of Mosque Youth Organizations: A Mixed Method Study

The human character of Pancasila which is based on faith in God. This research aims to identify the nationalist character produced through the Leadership Camp program, measure the level of nationalism character education, and analyze the strategies carried out by the mosque youth organizations at the Al Azhar Youth Leadership Institute in strengthening the nationalist character of youth. The quantitative method with the type of survey to 100 respondents uses EFA and the nationalism character education index. According to students in the Leadership Training, the nationalist leadership they get is integrity, cooperation, character, nationalism, devotion to worship, and independence. Religious nature consists of morals and obedience to worship. The nationalist Character Education index calculation is 92.51%, which means that the program classifies as a high portion of the nationalism character education learning. The best strategy that AYLI can choose is consistency with a program that is already running well.

A Typology of Orthodox Russians: Toward the Operationalization of a Generalized Descriptor of Religiosity

ABSTRACT In the sociology of religion, there are many approaches to measuring religiosity. Most of the methodological literature focuses on operationalizing the concept—determining important aspects of religiosity and selecting the right indicators. At the same time, little attention has been given to the reverse operation—the construction of a common descriptor of religiosity. We consider three approaches to this problem: 1) using individual indicators; 2) constructing a general descriptor of religiosity on the basis of several indicators with the application of summation, averaging, and the principles of the strongest or weakest answer or factor analysis; and 3) constructing a typology based on several descriptors by identifying relatively homogeneous groups of religiosity using cluster analysis or latent class analysis. The strengths and weaknesses of each approach are discussed. In the case of multiple social forms of religiosity, the latter approach is most productive. The article presents the typology of Orthodox Russians, built using hierarchical cluster analysis based on data gathered by the Orthodox Monitor all-Russian survey (2011). The typology is based on four indicators: faith in God, frequency of church attendance, frequency of attending religious services, and the frequency of making confession and taking communion. Nine groups were identified using our analysis.

Modification of Human Behavior due to Coronavirus Outbreak: A Brief Study on Current Scenario

Purpose: The objectives of present study were to evaluate the properties of a behavior modification of people in India associated with coronavirus outbreak. The behavior modification is measure of coronavirus related psychopathology, which was validated through a large sample study on adults who reported significant change in behavior due to watching and reading about coronavirus pandemic. Methods: Door to door and online survey conducted in Morena and Gwalior District, Madhya Pradesh, India, for collection of data of 1050 adults’. The partakers were contacted individually, through online and complete information were taken out through a questionnaire of different parameters. Because the study focused on the effect of thinking and/or watching about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on physical activity of body, behavior, mental stress, anxiety, faith in God, and appetite. Results: A total of 16 symptoms of behavior modification due to coronavirus outbreak were statistically defined through a principal component analysis with Varimax rotation. The results were confirmed by a two-component structure and the total variance explained 55.23% for first component accounting. The six prime loadings on the first component were selected for the behavior changes because these loadings well exceeded the criteria for psychometrically prime items. Especially, communalities extraction coefficients (CEC) ranged from 0.717 to 0.853, coefficients of structure/pattern ranged from 0.71 to 0.90, and cross-loadings ranged from 0.17 to 0.22. These symptoms were used for the determination of different parameters such as decreased physical activity, psychological disturbances, mental stress, anxiety, faith in God, and appetite before arising COVID-19 infection and were highly reliable (α = 0.83) as a cluster. Conclusion: For the coronavirus outbreak, models will be required for control the negative behavior modification of peoples so that they can use their skill for positive outcomes. The clear cut updated policy of should be implemented to reduce these types of modifications. The prime symptoms of behavior modification were validated and stabilized through statistical tools such as CEC, coefficients of structure/pattern, and analysis of variance. Hence, we can say that if opinions of some experts are correct, then world’s most of population need special care to avoid behavior modification due to coronavirus outbreak.

Between God and the state: Pentecostalism and articulated sovereignty in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

ABSTRACT Since the early 1990s, the Niger Delta has been the scene of armed struggles between militants and other armed groups aimed at controlling natural resource revenues in Nigeria. After nearly a decade of violence, the Presidential Amnesty Program (PAP) was successful in disarming and co-opting the militant groups. This article is based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Port Harcourt during 2016 with one Pentecostal group instrumental to the PAP’s success. The former militants in this group, now born-again, use Christian language and concepts to discuss the reasons for their agreement with and adherence to the PAP. However, while collaborating with the government on some important tasks, they also use the language of religion to criticize some of its actions. I argue that it is precisely through these ambiguous negotiations that sovereignty, articulated through diverse authorities, is constructed as a representation, replacing trust in government with faith in God’s plan.

Theodicy Incarnate: Divine Self-Justification

The most prominent obstacle to hope and faith in God is an experienced world evidently at odds with the goodness and thus the reality of God. This obstacle gets traction when combined with the assumption, found in many Biblical narratives, that God merits worship and trust from humans owing to impeccable divine goodness. This article examines whether, and if so how, God can avoid the charge that divine failure to eliminate or to reduce actual human suffering disqualifies God from being worthy of worship and trust. We thus ask whether God merits the benefit of the doubt regarding a charge of divine neglect for evil human suffering. This leads to the key issue of the adequacy of a vantage point from which divine goodness is assessed. If a particular human vantage point is so narrow as to be misleading regarding divine goodness, it can be inferior to other available vantage points. Clarification of this lesson opens the door to a widely neglected vantage point of a ‘showing-how theodicy’ in contrast with an ‘explaining-why theodicy.’ The former theodicy fits with many of the Biblical narratives, and it enables God to merit the benefit of the doubt regarding a charge of divine inadequacy toward human suffering.

Phenomenology of Adolescent Suicide Attempt: A Basis For Program Design With A Transcendence Focus

ABSTRACT This study explored the lived experiences of seven adolescents who had attempted suicide and to determine the factors associated with their decision to commit suicide, the coping mechanisms they adopted after the suicide attempt, and the possible intervention program that can be implemented in order to prevent suicide in the first place. A multiple case study and phenomenological approach was used to delve into the experiences and real-life stories of adolescents who had attempted to end their life. Data were gathered through the use of semi-structured interviews. Respondents ranged in age from 16 to 21 years old and were from a selected high school and college in Surigao del Sur. Thematic analysis of recordings revealed several factors associated with adolescent suicide including family issues, stressful life events, low self-image, helplessness, hopelessness, lack of coping skills, and coping. Contributory factors were family conflict, family disruption, rejection, maltreatment, and history of family suicide. The most common themes relevant to coping were acceptance, realization, focus on studies, presence of supportive people, positive thinking, prayer, and faith in God. Based on the findings, a school-based intervention program to promote mental health as well as early detection and appropriate interventions for students who are at risk for suicide is proposed.

Religiosity, Spirituality and Biopsychological Age of Professionals in Russia.

The challenges of modern civilization resulted in the premature biological and psychological aging of professionals of working age. This phenomenon raises both medical and psychological problems associated with personality factors that affect psychobiological maturity and the rate of aging. The influence of religiosity and spirituality on biopsychological age remains the least studied area of psychology. Progress in this area will help to identify the components of religiosity—predictors of the aging rate of professionals. The sample included 295 people (148 women) aged 24 to 54 years (average age 31.7 years) and consisted of Christians (67.12%), Muslims (5.76%), Buddhists, deists, Shintoists, etc., (7.79%) and atheists (17.29%). The average work experience was 9 years. Using correlation analysis and methods of multivariate linear regression and t-test for independent samples, we found that the religiosity of professionals increases with natural aging and deterioration of their physical condition and does not depend on gender. Religiosity to a greater extent affects psychological age, the indicator of the psychobiological maturity of a professional and, to a lesser extent, biological age. Most of the indicators of religiosity are inherent in a person who is more mature in psychobiological terms. The biological age of professionals increases due to asthenic experiences, while gaining faith in God, unusual religious experiences and the existential meaning of life can reduce it. An increase in the spirituality of professionals is associated with a slowdown in the rate of biological aging.

Jazyková stránka diskusí mladých křesťanů v kyberprostoru

The present article introduces the results of the analysis of texts by Czech (Catholic) Christian young adults published in 2019 and 2020 on the website signaly.cz. This page is intended to unite Christians and support them in their faith. The texts are diverse in genre, their content is purely religious or secular, but it at least remotely touches on the issues of the spiritual life of man or his/her religiosity (“soft spirituality”). Posting on the internet testifies to the need for young people not only to strengthen themselves and others in their faith in God, but also to share trivial content that relates to daily life and behind which (in the background) they see God’s will, the expression of God’s love and wisdom.

Böhl on Justification and Regeneration: Some Implications for Preaching and Pastoring

By the preaching of God’s law, the human being is confronted with his fallenness and existence in flesh, sin, and death. Eduard Böhl, with his emphasis on the synchronicity of God’s act of justification and regener- ation, seeks to maintain the boundary between Creator and creature in creation and history, and between sinner and Christ, flesh and the Spirit. From the viewpoint of the power of God’s word in preaching, the possibility of a redeeming dialogue is reestablished, and the reality of participation by faith in God is restored. By the gospel as the power of God in which his righteousness is revealed, the believer in the word is powerfully brought to newness of life and sustained in sanctification. KEYWORDS: Justification, regeneration, preaching, law of God, Holy Spirit, Christ

EMOTIONS AND EXPERIENCES OF THE COVID CARE NURSES: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY WITH EXPLORATORY APPROACH

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly discovered ribonucleic acid coronavirus isolated and identied from patients with unexplained pneumonia. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the disease as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Hence the investigator was interested to explore the emotions and experience of the covid care nurses during covid 19 pandemic. This would identify to manage the factors causing the emotions and make better arrangements for good experience among these nurses. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was done with 54 Covid care nurses available during the data collection period by using selfadministered questionnaire in Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences Results: The nding highlights that most of the nurses(43%) were on frequent duties in the covid wards than covid intensive care unit. 70% were not positive to Covid-19 and majority (80%) had covid vaccination. Many (69%) of their family/friends were not infected by Covid-19 and most of them (72%) had not witnessed death of a covid patient. Majority (74%) of covid care nurses did not have emotion of fear but had anxiety (70%) for can't eat/drink and can't use toilet. The results show that nearly half of the covid care nurses overcame fear (46%) and anxiety (45%) emotions because of condence at work & support from coworkers (39%), family and friend's support (37%) and faith in God (24%). Majority of the nurses were highly exhausted in personal experience areas like interpersonal (86%), mental (82%), emotional (80%) and physical (72%) whereas rarely exhausted (67%) in sleep experience. Nurses experienced highly adequate in work related aspects like team members number (83%), resources (78%), time for care (100%), help from others(96%) whereas 100% covid care nurses experienced rarely adequate cooperation from patient/relative. Conclusion: This shows the signicance of the good working environment with supportive team, resources and time

The Turkic Layer of Religious Terms in “Divan-i Hikmet” (Based on the Kokshetau Version)

In this article the author discusses the use of religious terms that play an important role in the vocabulary of a literary work of philosophical and religious content of «Divan-i Hikmet». At the beginning of the article, information is presented related to religious terms and concepts that have long been used in the Turkic languages, and which have been transformed into archaisms. Along with this, in this article are analyzed the options of different scientists related with the vocabulary and the structure of words in various versions of the work «Divan-i Hikmet». Comparing the number of Turkisms and borrowed words in the vocabulary of the work, the author provides statistical data. Depending on the semantic features of the Turkic structure of religious terms found in «Divan-i Hikmet», they were divided into such groups as words used in the meaning of “Creator”, “God”; words and concepts used in the meaning of “Prophet”, “Messenger of God”; words describing religious people; words and expressions used in the meaning of “faith in God”, “worship”, “coming to faith”; words and expressions used in the meaning of “sin”, “sinning”, “delusion”; as well as words referring to the afterlife and graves. The author, having selected about twenty words from the dictionary of the monument, written in a religious context, analyzes the semantic, phonetic, structural aspects using the comparative method. When analyzing selected religious terms and concepts, attention is paid to their use in ancient and medieval monuments, as well as in modern Turkic languages.

Bibliometric Analysis in Astrophysics: Overview of Education, Religion, and Local Wisdom in 2016-2021*

Astrophysics education is one of the subjects in the physics education study program which is also part of astronomy. Astrology is the structure and epistemology of Islamic law that studies the sun, moon, stars, and celestial bodies related to aspects of Islamic law. Indonesian Muslims cannot be separated from local wisdom which is the wealth of the Indonesian nation. This article intends to provide a comprehensive explanation through bibliometric analysis of literature on astrophysics education, religion, and local wisdom. Article searches are performed by Publish or Perish (PoP) software on the Google Scholar database. The search and sorting results found 23 of the 200 articles found in the 2016-2021* range. The results of data processing by PoP software are then edited through the Mendeley Desktop software. The editing results are then processed using VOSviewer software to obtain a visualization of the distribution pattern and data mapping. Broadly speaking, this research shows the projected direction of astrophysics education research if it is studied with religious content based on the Qur'an and local wisdom and its further development. The implications of this research can inspire researchers to study astrophysics education in universities with the content of the Qur'an and local wisdom so that studying science can help increase faith in God.

VERBALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT «JOY» IN THE UKRAINIAN WORLDVIEW:BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF FICTIONAL PROSE

JOY is considered to be one of the basic human emotions and key concepts in culture. The study of emotional concepts is complex as it combines psychological, cognitive, linguistic and ethnocultural fields. The study of concepts is valuable because it enables us not only to identify the culturally specific worldview of a certain lingual-cultural community and single out its national and cultural peculiarities, but also understand the word as a lexical unit in the context of culture, cognition, and communication. The article is dedicated to the research of the emotional concept JOY, its structure and means of verbalization in the Ukrainian worldview. The research is a part of a more complex study which is being conducted by applying the method of cognitive definition suggested by Jerzy Bartmiński ‒ a famous Polish linguist and ethnologist. The source of the material for the research ‒ the electronic corpus of texts "Mova Info", in particular its subcorpus – fictional prose of the Ukrainian literature from the second half of the XX century to the beginning of the XXI century (300 examples). The research showed that the concept JOY in the Ukrainian linguaculture has the following meanings: Joy is a positive feeling, emotion, psychological state, mood, character trait, and can denote a person who causes joy. Joy has different qualities such as duration, sincerity, reality, expectation, frequency, order, degree of control, intensity, depth and volume. Joy is expressed through facial expressions, physiological, behavioral and vocal reactions. The common reasons for Ukrainians to feel joy are universal concepts and values (life, freedom), faith in God, psychological state (love, desire), people (family, friends), humor, jokes, home, objects and phenomena of nature, seasons, material goods, money, gifts, food, drinks, news, important events in life (marriage, child birth), having sex, celebrations, meeting people, mental activities (thinking, learning), entertaining, having a rest, going for walks, travelling, adventures, achievements, success, victory, discovery.

The mediating influence of local cultures on the relationship between factors of safety risk perception and Risk-Taking behavioural intention of construction site workers

Safety risk perception and local cultures are two determinants that influence site workers' risk-taking behavioural intention during construction. The former and its influences are empirically valid, while the latter remains descriptive. How these two determinants relate to influencing site workers' risk-taking behavioural intention remains unexplored. This study examines the influence of local cultures on the relationship between safety risk perception and the risk-taking behavioural intention of site workers. Following an extensive literature review, the study identified 33 behavioural measures consisting of local cultures and safety risk perception and modified for questionnaire design using the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The study collected data from a randomised 96 site workers across multiple construction sites in Ghana. The Partial Least-Squares of Structural Equation Model was employed to analyse the data obtained from the survey. The developed structural path model confirmed the hypotheses that the personal safety attitudes of site workers have a substantial effect in influencing their risk-taking behavioural intention and that four local cultures mediate this influence, namely: beliefs in God for protection; revering attitudes towards elders; valued opinions of family members; and having faith in God to overcome safety risks. These results explain why site workers in a developing country context may engage in risk-taking behaviours during construction. The study supports the need for a culture-based intervening policy for construction safety education and training with roles for religious institutions and communal leaders.

GOVERNMENT WOMEN EXECUTIVES IN THE CENTRAL PHILIPPINES

The research study is a case analysis on women executives in the different government organizations in the province of Siquijor, Central Visayas, Philippines. Specifically, it elaborated on the personal, professional, and family background of the women executives, their successes and failures, and the facilitating factors and characteristics that led to their success. The research is a qualitative descriptive research using the case study method. In this type of research, the data were gathered through observations, questionnaires, and interviews and focused group discussion. A narrative was developed, integrated, and summarized focusing on issues and concerns about the women respondents. The subjects of the study were the six women executives and administrators in the six government offices or agencies in the province of Siquijor. The researcher personally identified these women respondents whose success stories gave inspirations to many women in the community. The researcher employed the use of questionnaire, interview schedule, focused interview with the aid of a recorder, observations to document life histories of the respondents, and focused-group discussion. The study revealed that 83% or five out of six respondents are married having one to four children. It also showed that 60% or four out six respondents are second-born children coming from small families and all of them are licensed professionals and passers of government examinations. Furthermore, the study revealed that the women’s self-concept and perception evolved from the various positive and negative personal and professional experiences. All of them showed a positive self-concept despite frustrating and humiliating episodes at some point in their lives. All the women executives share similar facilitating factors and characteristics such as intelligence, hard work, patience, honesty, and faith in God and possess positive personal qualities and attitudes which are vital driving forces which led them to be successful in life.

PROBLEMATIKA PELAKSANAAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DI MI WRINGINANOM PONCOKUSUMO MALANG

Education provides a major contribution to the progress of a nation and is a means of building the character of the nation in building a highly civilized society. It is hoped that Islamic Religious Education will be able to provide new nuances in describing the meaning of developing the quality of Indonesian people, namely humans who believe and have faith in God Almighty.The purpose of this study was to determine the problem of the implementation of Islamic religious education and how to improve the quality of education at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Al Hikmah in Wringinom, Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency. In this study, the researcher used a naturalistic qualitative type, the conditions emphasized the natural description, data collection or phenomena filtering was carried out from a natural state. Therefore, researchers are seen directly in the field. From the research results, there are several problems found, namely: a). the low level of education acceptance for students b). The low salaries of teachers are due to the economy of guardians of students. c). the lack of educators understanding about the 2013 curriculum.

Challenges and coping strategies of parents of children with autism spectrum disorder in Eswatini

Background: Research shows that the debilitating effects of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) not only have an impact on the child, but on the parents and caregivers as well. This study aimed to explore the challenges and coping strategies of parents of children with ASD in Eswatini. Methodology: An exploratory, descriptive qualitative study that used purposive sampling to interview parents of children with ASD was utilised. Data were gathered using two focus groups, three dyads, and two semi-structured interviews. There were 18 participants in this study. Data were interpreted by thematic analysis, and considered according to Lazarus and Folkman’s Transactional Model of Stress and Coping. Findings: The themes were in alignment with the aim of this study, namely the “challenges of parents of children with ASD” and “coping strategies of parents of children with ASD”. Significant personal and societal difficulties, the severity of the symptoms of ASD, and challenges in the health and education systems were subthemes identified under the “challenges of parents” theme. The subthemes that emerged from the “coping strategies” theme were adaptive coping and maladaptive coping. Factors associated with adaptive coping included acceptance of the ASD diagnosis, optimism and faith in God, social support, and celebrating milestones. Maladaptive coping strategies encompassed using corporal punishment, avoidance, social withdrawal, and keeping the child locked in. Conclusion: Recommendations made to mitigate the challenges included strengthening research into ASD, increasing awareness in communities, and training professionals working in the field of ASD.