Goal Of Health Care Research Articles

CO2 Concentration Assessment for Infection Monitoring and Occupancy Analysis in Tanzanian COVID-19 Isolation Centers

Monitoring of IAQ is one of the foundations of the preventative actions prompted by the worldwide recognition of COVID-19 transmission. The measurement of CO2 has emerged as one of the most popular, dependable, and easy ways to indirectly evaluate the state of indoor air renewal. Reducing the risk of respiratory diseases transmitted by aerosols is attainable through implementing and validating prevention measures made possible by CO2 control. Isolation centers are like health facilities in that they are linked to IAQ, and the presence of natural ventilation can significantly improve the circulation of fresh air, which speeds up the removal of contaminants. This is true even though healthcare facilities are among the environments with the highest rate of COVID-19 propagation. Our investigation revealed, however, that no substantial critical data on air quality in Tanzanian isolation centers is presently available. The process of metabolic CO₂ creation and accumulation within health isolation center cubicles was investigated in this study. Crucially, we suggest comparing settings under various conditions using the indicator ppm/patient. In this research, we experimentally assessed the value of changing a few HVAC system characteristics. We looked at the data to see how well the filtration system worked concerning the submicron particle concentration. Study recommendations for CO2 detectors and ways to reduce infection risk in shared isolation center cubicles are provided. We also show the correlation between particle size and CO2 concentration, the correlation between CO2 concentration derivatives and air volume presented per patient in isolation cubicles, the correlation between patient occupancy and CO2 concentration levels in isolation cubicles, and how to improve air quality by adjusting the patient’s bed position. The study also found that for exposure lengths of two to three hours, a typical hospital cubicle with fifty to one hundred people should have an average interior CO₂ value of less than 900 ppm. Carers’ length of stay in the hospital substantially impacted the permissible CO2 concentration. By establishing a connection between indoor air monitoring and healthcare goals, this study will aid in determining the feasibility of establishing regulations for interior CO2 content depending on occupancy settings, strengthening preventive efforts against COVID-19. In the post-pandemic era, it will be essential to find ways to make health facilities air cleaner so that infectious diseases cannot spread in the future.

Consumer Financial Protection Versus Catastrophic Healthcare Expenditure in Zambia

ABSTRACTBackgroundOut‐of‐pocket (OOP) expenses for healthcare are regarded as catastrophic, especially if they account for a substantial amount of a poor household's effective income. This study looks at the frequency and severity of catastrophic healthcare expenditures (CHE) to evaluate the level of monetary safeguarding provided by the present healthcare system in Zambia.MethodsThe study relied on the 2014 Zambia Household Health Expenditure and Utilization Survey, which was carried out in 10 different provinces. The investigated population is divided into quintiles, which divide family units into five groups, each of which represents 20% of the population. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and pairwise comparisons among the quintiles.ResultsAt 5% level of significance, pairwise analyses of the average of OOP healthcare expenditures as a proportion of non‐food spending reveal that the quintiles have statistically different means. If 10% limit is employed, the concentration index was −0.41, whereas was −0.67. At a 10% limit, the adjusted headcount () is 0.37, and the adjusted overshoot () is 0.15%.ConclusionThe frequency and severity of CHE were negligible during the study period. However, the less fortunate are more susceptible compared to the wealthy to be subjected to the occurrence and severity of CHE. Therefore, policy changes ought to emphasize the protection of the poor and vulnerable to accomplish the goal of universal healthcare (UHC). Finally, research is suggested to include equity and quality in the use of healthcare services.

Melanoma image synthesis: a review using generative adversarial networks

Melanoma is a highly malignant skin cancer that may be fatal if not promptly detected and treated. The limited availability of high-quality melanoma images, which are needed for training machine learning models, is one of the obstacles to detecting melanoma. Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have grown in popularity as a strong technique for image synthesis. This research is also targeted at the sustainable development goal (SDG) for health care. In this study, we survey existing GAN-based melanoma image synthesis methods. In this work, we briefly introduce GANs and how they may be used for generating synthetic images. Ensuring healthy lifestyles and promoting well-being for everyone, regardless of age, is the main aim. A comparative study is carried out on how GANs are used in current research to generate melanoma images and how they improve the classification performance of neural networks. Various public and proprietary datasets for training GANs in melanoma image synthesis are also discussed. Lastly, we assess the examined studies' performance using measures like the Frechet Inception distance (FID), Inception score, structural similarity ındex (SSIM), and various classification performance metrics. We compare the evaluated findings and suggest further GAN-based melanoma image-creation research.

A Hexagonal Aim as a Driver of Change for Health Care and Health Insurance Systems.

Improving health systems, such as the U.S. or French, requires simultaneous pursuit of a patient centered approach aligned with the health professional: improving the experience of care, improving the health of populations, reducing per capita costs of care - Triple Aim - and improving the work life of the care providers, including clinicians and staff - Quadruple Aim -. While these aims are already ambitious, they may be insufficient when considering the economic, social and environmental challenges to the health of our communities in the near and long term. A conceptual framework to provide additional ethical guardrails for health systems. Recently, authors have articulated a Fifth Aim and we propose to add a Sixth Aim to the Quadruple Aim model. These additional aims are meant to account for our growing knowledge around the determinants of health and the challenging processes and structures of governance across a wide range of sectors in society including healthcare. We are strengthening the Fifth Aim defined as equity through "health democracy" to represent the wants, needs and responsibility of the population in taking care of their health and their healthcare. The Sixth Aim is to account for the increase in risk to population health due to climate change as well as the impact our health systems have on the environment. As social tension and environmental changes seem to continue to impact the structure of our society this "Hexagonal Aim" taken together might provide additional ethical guiderails as we set our healthcare goals.

Diagnosis of Schizophrenia and Psychosis in Māori People Using Speech Assay: A Natural Language Processing Approach

Indigenous peoples and ethnic minorities worldwide have a higher incidence of psychosis, primarily schizophrenia. In New Zealand, Māori individuals experience greater rates of anxiety and depression compared to non-Māori, with a significantly higher incidence of mental illness among Māori. We propose natural language processing (NLP) trained on speech samples from Māori patients as a potential solution to the problem of culturally biased psychometric screening tools for psychosis and schizophrenia. This research examines NLP's ability to diagnose psychosis in Māori patients by analysing speech and language abnormalities as indicators of severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia. Our research emphasizes the need for inclusive language models and investigates cross-cultural applicability. We employed a three-part method: conducting clinical interviews, pre-processing data with the Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK) and applying language classifiers. The study's results demonstrate the promise of NLP, but limited patient data necessitates further research, including standardizing datasets and integrating NLP with indigenous languages. This research represents a step towards improving diagnostic accuracy and support for Māori people suffering from psychosis, aligning with healthcare's goal of fair and culturally responsive mental health screening.

Predictive analysis on the factors associated with birth Outcomes: A machine learning perspective

BackgroundRecent studies reveal that around 1.9 million stillbirths occur annually worldwide, with Sub-Saharan Africa having among the highest cases. Some Sub-Saharan African countries, including Ghana, failed to meet Millennium Development Goal 5 (MDG5) by 2015 and may struggle to meet Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3) despite maternal healthcare interventions. Concerns arise about Ghana’s ability to achieve the World Health Organization’s neonatal mortality goal of 12 per 1000 live births by 2030. This study aims to identify key factors influencing childbirth outcomes and create a predictive method for high-risk pregnancies. MethodsWe compared four machine learning classifiers (Extreme Gradient Boosting, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and Artificial Neural Network) in predicting childbirth outcomes using data from a tertiary health facility in Ghana. To address class imbalance, we employed the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE). ResultsOur findings show that fetal heartbeat, gestation age at birth are the most influential factors on birth outcome (stillbirth or live birth), while there is no significant association with maternal age, number of babies, and type of delivery method. Among the machine learning models considered, Random Forest emerged as the optimal model achieving an accuracy, F1-score, and AUC values of approximately 0.98, 0.99, and 0.90 respectively. ConclusionOur study identifies key factors affecting childbirth outcomes and highlights the potential of machine learning for early high-risk pregnancy detection in clinical settings. These findings are crucial for Ghana and other Sub-Saharan African countries striving to meet maternal and neonatal healthcare goals. Further research and policy initiatives can use these results to improve healthcare in the region and work toward the World Health Organization’s objectives by 2030.

Evaluating the Implementation of the Pediatric Acute Care Education (PACE) Program in Northwestern Tanzania: A Mixed-Methods Study Guided by Normalization Process Theory.

In low- and -middle-income countries (LMICs) like Tanzania, the competency of healthcare providers critically influences the quality of pediatric care. To address this, we introduced PACE (Pediatric Acute Care Education), an adaptive e-learning program tailored to enhance provider competency in line with Tanzania's national guidelines for managing seriously ill children. Adaptive e-learning presents a promising alternative to traditional in-service education, yet optimal strategies for its implementation in LMIC settings remain to be fully elucidated. This study aimed to (1) evaluate the initial implementation of PACE in Mwanza, Tanzania, using the constructs of Normalization Process Theory (NPT), and (2) provide insights into its feasibility, acceptability, and scalability potential. A mixed-methods approach was employed across three healthcare settings in Mwanza: a zonal hospital and two health centers. NPT was utilized to navigate the complexities of implementing PACE. Data collection involved a customized NoMAD survey, focus groups and in-depth interviews with healthcare providers. The study engaged 82 healthcare providers through the NoMAD survey and 79 in focus groups and interviews. Findings indicated high levels of coherence and cognitive participation, demonstrating that PACE is well-understood and resonates with existing healthcare goals. Providers expressed a willingness to integrate PACE into their practice, distinguishing it from existing educational methods. However, challenges related to resources and infrastructure, particularly affecting collective action, were noted. The short duration of the study limited the assessment of reflexive monitoring, though early indicators point towards the potential for PACE's long-term sustainability. This study offers vital insights into the feasibility and acceptability of implementing PACE in a Tanzanian context. While PACE aligns well with healthcare objectives, addressing resource and infrastructure challenges is crucial for its successful and sustainable implementation. Furthermore, the study underscores the value of NPT as a framework in guiding implementation processes, with broader implications for implementation science and pediatric acute care in LMICs.

Global consensus statement on simulation-based practice in healthcare

Simulation plays a pivotal role in addressing universal healthcare challenges, reducing education inequities, and improving mortality, morbidity and patient experiences. It enhances healthcare processes and systems, contributing significantly to the development of a safety culture within organizations. It has proven to be cost-effective and successful in enhancing team performance, fostering workforce resilience and improving patient outcomes. Through an international collaborative effort, an iterative consultation process was conducted with 50 societies operating across 67 countries within six continents. This process revealed common healthcare challenges and simulation practices worldwide. The intended audience for this statement includes policymakers, healthcare organization leaders, health education institutions, and simulation practitioners. It aims to establish a consensus on the key priorities for the broad adoption of exemplary simulation practice that benefits patients and healthcare workforces globally. Key recommendations Advocating for the benefits that simulation provides to patients, staff and organizations is crucial, as well as promoting its adoption and integration into daily learning and practice throughout the healthcare spectrum. Low-cost, high-impact simulation methods should be leveraged to expand global accessibility and integrate into system improvement processes as well as undergraduate and postgraduate curricula. Support at institutional and governmental level is essential, necessitating a unified and concerted approach in terms of political, strategic and financial commitment. It is imperative that simulation is used appropriately, employing evidence-based quality assurance approaches that adhere to recognized standards of best practice. These standards include faculty development, evaluation, accrediting, credentialing, and certification. We must endeavor to provide equitable and sustainable access to high-quality, contextually relevant simulation-based learning opportunities, firmly upholding the principles of equity, diversity and inclusion. This should be complemented with a renewed emphasis on research and scholarship in this field. Call for action We urge policymakers and leaders to formally acknowledge and embrace the benefits of simulation in healthcare practice and education. This includes a commitment to sustained support and a mandate for the application of simulation within education, training, and clinical environments. We advocate for healthcare systems and education institutions to commit themselves to the goal of high-quality healthcare and improved patient outcomes. This commitment should encompass the promotion and resource support of simulation-based learning opportunities for individuals and interprofessional teams throughout all stages and levels of a caregiver’s career, in alignment with best practice standards. We call upon simulation practitioners to champion healthcare simulation as an indispensable learning tool, adhere to best practice standards, maintain a commitment to lifelong learning, and persist in their fervent advocacy for patient safety. This statement, the result of an international collaborative effort, aims to establish a consensus on the key priorities for the broad adoption of exemplary simulation practice that benefits patients and healthcare workforces globally.

Global consensus statement on simulation-based practice in healthcare.

Simulation plays a pivotal role in addressing universal healthcare challenges, reducing education inequities, and improving mortality, morbidity and patient experiences. It enhances healthcare processes and systems, contributing significantly to the development of a safety culture within organizations. It has proven to be cost-effective and successful in enhancing team performance, fostering workforce resilience and improving patient outcomes.Through an international collaborative effort, an iterative consultation process was conducted with 50 societies operating across 67 countries within six continents. This process revealed common healthcare challenges and simulation practices worldwide. The intended audience for this statement includes policymakers, healthcare organization leaders, health education institutions, and simulation practitioners. It aims to establish a consensus on the key priorities for the broad adoption of exemplary simulation practice that benefits patients and healthcare workforces globally. Advocating for the benefits that simulation provides to patients, staff and organizations is crucial, as well as promoting its adoption and integration into daily learning and practice throughout the healthcare spectrum. Low-cost, high-impact simulation methods should be leveraged to expand global accessibility and integrate into system improvement processes as well as undergraduate and postgraduate curricula. Support at institutional and governmental level is essential, necessitating a unified and concerted approach in terms of political, strategic and financial commitment.It is imperative that simulation is used appropriately, employing evidence-based quality assurance approaches that adhere to recognized standards of best practice. These standards include faculty development, evaluation, accrediting, credentialing, and certification.We must endeavor to provide equitable and sustainable access to high-quality, contextually relevant simulation-based learning opportunities, firmly upholding the principles of equity, diversity and inclusion. This should be complemented with a renewed emphasis on research and scholarship in this field. We urge policymakers and leaders to formally acknowledge and embrace the benefits of simulation in healthcare practice and education. This includes a commitment to sustained support and a mandate for the application of simulation within education, training, and clinical environments.We advocate for healthcare systems and education institutions to commit themselves to the goal of high-quality healthcare and improved patient outcomes. This commitment should encompass the promotion and resource support of simulation-based learning opportunities for individuals and interprofessional teams throughout all stages and levels of a caregiver's career, in alignment with best practice standards.We call upon simulation practitioners to champion healthcare simulation as an indispensable learning tool, adhere to best practice standards, maintain a commitment to lifelong learning, and persist in their fervent advocacy for patient safety.This statement, the result of an international collaborative effort, aims to establish a consensus on the key priorities for the broad adoption of exemplary simulation practice that benefits patients and healthcare workforces globally.

Global consensus statement on simulation-based practice in healthcare

Simulation plays a pivotal role in addressing universal healthcare challenges, reducing education inequities, and improving mortality, morbidity and patient experiences. It enhances healthcare processes and systems, contributing significantly to the development of a safety culture within organizations. It has proven to be cost-effective and successful in enhancing team performance, fostering workforce resilience and improving patient outcomes.Through an international collaborative effort, an iterative consultation process was conducted with 50 societies operating across 67 countries within six continents. This process revealed common healthcare challenges and simulation practices worldwide. The intended audience for this statement includes policymakers, healthcare organization leaders, health education institutions, and simulation practitioners. It aims to establish a consensus on the key priorities for the broad adoption of exemplary simulation practice that benefits patients and healthcare workforces globally.Key recommendations Advocating for the benefits that simulation provides to patients, staff and organizations is crucial, as well as promoting its adoption and integration into daily learning and practice throughout the healthcare spectrum. Low-cost, high-impact simulation methods should be leveraged to expand global accessibility and integrate into system improvement processes as well as undergraduate and postgraduate curricula. Support at institutional and governmental level is essential, necessitating a unified and concerted approach in terms of political, strategic and financial commitment.It is imperative that simulation is used appropriately, employing evidence-based quality assurance approaches that adhere to recognized standards of best practice. These standards include faculty development, evaluation, accrediting, credentialing, and certification.We must endeavor to provide equitable and sustainable access to high-quality, contextually relevant simulation-based learning opportunities, firmly upholding the principles of equity, diversity and inclusion. This should be complemented with a renewed emphasis on research and scholarship in this field.Call for action We urge policymakers and leaders to formally acknowledge and embrace the benefits of simulation in healthcare practice and education. This includes a commitment to sustained support and a mandate for the application of simulation within education, training, and clinical environments.We advocate for healthcare systems and education institutions to commit themselves to the goal of high-quality healthcare and improved patient outcomes. This commitment should encompass the promotion and resource support of simulation-based learning opportunities for individuals and interprofessional teams throughout all stages and levels of a caregiver’s career, in alignment with best practice standards.We call upon simulation practitioners to champion healthcare simulation as an indispensable learning tool, adhere to best practice standards, maintain a commitment to lifelong learning, and persist in their fervent advocacy for patient safety.This statement, the result of an international collaborative effort, aims to establish a consensus on the key priorities for the broad adoption of exemplary simulation practice that benefits patients and healthcare workforces globally.

Meaningful Healthcare and Social Service Access for Homeless Populations: Generating Alliances Through Theories of Therapeutic Landscape

ABSTRACT Poor health can both facilitate and be facilitated by homelessness. The desire for serious illness care to occur at home and increased attention to home-and-community-based health services prompts consideration of how the therapeutic nature of place can shape patient-centered care for those who live outside of traditional housing. Three key concepts from therapeutic landscape are illustrated by findings from an empirical, grounded theory study (RASCAL-UP) of a mobile palliative care provider for the homeless: (1) healing pilgrimages and migrations; (2) place-based therapeutic networks; (3) spaces of care and control. Through application of therapeutic landscape theory, health workers can better comprehend the healthcare decisions and goals of people experiencing homelessness. Applications of therapeutic landscape theory can guide healthcare professionals toward equitable care planning and support programming and policy to enhance care options for homeless populations.

Most Major Hospitals Fail to Comply With Federal Price Transparency Regulations

PurposeThis study aims to present hospital compliance with federal price transparency regulations for sports medicine procedures. MethodsOnline price estimator and machine-readable files were recovered for U.S. News and World Report’s (USNWR) top 100 orthopedic hospitals. From June to November 2023, compliance and monetary values were recorded for each of Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) price transparency regulations. Price estimator data was assessed based on hospital placement in the bottom and top 50 of the 100 institutions under review, as well as by region (Northeast, South, Midwest, West). Statistical analyses included two-sample t-tests and Kruskal Wallis tests. Results95% of hospitals had a price estimator tool for both subacromial decompression (Current Procedural Terminology (CPT): 29826) and meniscectomy (CPT: 29881). Only 38% were compliant with all regulations for subacromial decompression and 39% for meniscectomy; the remaining did not list minimum or maximum procedure charges. Higher ranked hospitals were significantly more likely to charge a higher cash price for subacromial decompression and meniscectomy (p = 0.040 and p = 0.009 respectively). Compliance with machine-readable file reporting was poor with less than 20% meeting requirements for each CPT code. Reported prices varied greatly by hospital. ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that USNWR top 100 orthopedic hospitals exhibit poor overall compliance with federal price transparency regulations for sports medicine procedures. Most often they lack full compliance by not reporting minimum or maximum charges as part of their price estimator tool or do not report procedure prices in their machine-readable files. Hospitals also exhibit wide variation in prices reported for specific procedures. Clinical RelevanceConsumer price transparency continues to be an important goal in healthcare as it allows patients to make informed decisions when selecting appropriate treatment options and providers. To realize the full benefits of price transparency hospitals should address areas of improvement.

Relationships among race, ethnicity, and gender and whole health among U.S. veterans.

Racial, ethnic, and gender health care disparities in the United States are well-documented and stretch across the lifespan. Even in large integrated health care systems such as Veteran Health Administration, which are designed to provide equality in care, social and economic disparities persist, and limit patients' achievement of health goals across multiple domains. We explore Veterans' Whole Health priorities among Veteran demographic groups. Participants who were enrolling in Veteran Health Administration provided demographics and Whole Health priorities using eScreening, a web-based self-assessment tool. Veterans had similar health care goals regardless of demographic characteristics but differences were noted in current health appraisals. Non-White and women Veterans reported worse health-relevant functioning. Black Veterans were more likely to endorse a low rating for their personal development/relationships. Multiracial Veterans were more likely to endorse a low rating of their surroundings. Asian Veterans were less likely to provide a high rating of their surroundings. Women Veterans reported lower appraisals for body and personal development but higher appraisals of professional care. Results indicated that demographic factors such as race and gender, and to a lesser extent ethnicity, were associated with health disparities. The Whole Health model provides a holistic framework for addressing these disparities. These findings may inform more culturally sensitive care and enhance Veteran Health Administration equal access initiatives. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Computer vision to enhance healthcare domain: An overview of features, implementation, and opportunities

The emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has already brought several advantages to the healthcare sector. Computer Vision (CV) is one of the growing modern AI technologies. The distribution and administration of medications are about to change by using CV for medication management. This system scans pharmaceutical labels and keeps track of the process from delivery to administration using cameras, sensors, and computer algorithms. In order to assure accuracy in medicine delivery and dose, the system also makes it easier for doctors, nurses, and chemists to communicate. The computer vision-driven medication management system can significantly lower the number of medical mistakes that result from inaccurate or missing prescriptions, improper doses, or simply forgetting to take a particular drug. An exhaustive literature review has been done to identify work related to the research objectives. This paper is about CV and their need in healthcare. Various tasks associated with CV in the healthcare domain are discussed. Targeted healthcare goals through CV traits are briefed. Finally, the significant applications of CVs in healthcare were identified and discussed. Nowadays, CV has practical uses in healthcare. Its methods are widely used since they have shown excellent utility in several medical contexts, including medical imaging and surgical planning. The CV is used to study how to program computers to comprehend digital pictures. Numerous medical applications utilise this technology, such as automated abnormality identification, illness diagnosis, and surgical procedure guiding. CV is expanding quickly and has enormous promise to enhance healthcare. Some of the many CV applications in the healthcare sector include patient identification systems, medical picture analysis, surgical simulation and illness diagnosis.

Medical Equity: The Eventual Goal of Health Care

Medical equity is the fundamental principle that all individuals should have equal access to high-quality healthcare services, regardless of their race, ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, or geographic location. Achieving medical equity is essential for improving health outcomes and reducing disparities in healthcare delivery. This goal requires addressing systemic barriers such as discrimination, stigma, and lack of access to resources that prevent marginalized populations from receiving appropriate care. Implementing policies and programs that promote medical equity will help ensure that everyone has the opportunity to lead a healthy life. By prioritizing equity in healthcare delivery, we can work towards creating a more just and inclusive society where every individual has the opportunity to achieve optimal health and well-being.

Media Art in Healthcare Environments: Enhancing Student’s Well-being and Mental Health

New media art refers to works of art that have been developed or created through the combination of art and technology. New media art encompasses any contemporary art forms created, edited, or transmitted using new media technology. It includes digital, interactive, online, virtual, video, sound, and artworks made using robotics, video games, biotechnology, 3D printing, and computer animation. As a result, many studies have been conducted on the use of arts to promote a balanced way of life and the value of art in the healthcare setting, however, a lack of study on media arts as an art-based intervention in the healthcare environment. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify the existing elements and characteristics of the artworks in the healthcare environment and propose a prototype media art as a new art-based intervention to enhance a pleasant healthcare environment and potentially promote well-being and mental health among students in the institutional healthcare environment. This is qualitative research involving interviews with doctors and experts in fields and observation in Pusat Sejahtera Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang. The semi-structured interview and observation will be recorded through an audio-video recording system. As a result, this research will develop a prototype of media art that will be produced using a combination of art and technology. These include interactive art, sound art, visual, and computer art. This prototype will give students, visitors, and staff in healthcare a good impact and enjoyable experience in healthcare environments that may be undergoing stress while waiting for the treatments or after the treatment. This research's significance is beneficial to academia, the institution's healthcare environment in Malaysia, and students' well-being and mental health. As mentioned by the Director-General of Health, Datuk Dr Noor Hisham Abdullah, the future healthcare facility design goals are to create a healing environment, including art and hospitality.

"It's Like A Partnership": Exploring the Primary Care Experiences and Patient-Defined Goals of People Who Use Drugs.

Primary care is an important yet underutilized resource in addressing the overdose crisis. Previous studies have identified important aspects of primary care for people who use drugs (PWUD) and have found patient involvement in healthcare decisions and goal-setting to be especially critical. However, there has been limited research describing the primary care goals of PWUD. In harm reduction settings, where it is imperative that PWUD set their own goals, this research gap becomes especially relevant. To explore how PWUD navigate primary care with a focus on understanding their primary care goals. A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews. PWUD currently engaged in primary care at the Respectful and Equitable Access to Comprehensive Healthcare (REACH) Program, a harm reduction-based primary care program in New York City. Between June 2022 and August 2022, we conducted 17 semi-structured interviews. Informed by phenomenology, transcripts were coded using both inductive and deductive codes and themes were developed using thematic analysis approaches. Phenomenological analysis identified four core components that, together, created an experience that participants described as "a partnership" between patient and provider: (1) patient-provider collaboration around patient-defined healthcare goals; (2) support provided by harm reduction-based approaches to primary care anchored in incrementalism and flexibility; (3) care teams' ability to address healthcare system fragmentation; and (4) the creation of social connections through primary care. This holistic partnership fostered positive primary care experiences and supported participants' self-defined care goals, thereby facilitating meaningful care outcomes. To best meet the primary care goals of PWUD, these findings underscore the importance of primary care providers and programs facilitating such partnerships through organizational-level support anchored in harm reduction. Future research should explore how these experiences in primary care affect patient health outcomes, ultimately shaping best practices in the provision of high-quality primary care for PWUD.

IJCM_422A : Artificial Intelligence & Sustainable Development Goals in Health Care

Background: The intersection of Artificial Intelligence and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 presents both opportunities and challenges. AI has the potential to enhance healthcare delivery by improving diagnostic accuracy, enabling personalized treatment approaches, and facilitating remote healthcare services through telemedicine. AI-driven technologies can also streamline administrative tasks, optimize resource allocation, and support evidence-based decision-making in healthcare settings. Objective: This study seeks to identify challenges and opportunities for utilizing AI to advance global health objectives to support Sustainable Development Goal 3 Methodology: A review of existing literature was carried out to evaluate the current landscape of AI applications in healthcare and its potential implications for SDG achievement. We identified constraints such as data bias, ethical considerations, and accessibility barriers, and looked at the potential remedies and strategies for maximizing the positive impact of AI in healthcare. Conclusion: There exists significant hurdles into the integration of AI into healthcare however there are promising prospects for enhancing healthcare delivery, disease prevention, and drug discovery processes. By addressing issues such as data bias, ethical dilemmas, and accessibility challenges, AI holds the potential to revolutionize healthcare systems on a global scale. Embracing AI technologies can contribute significantly to realizing SDGs pertaining to health and well-being, thereby fostering more sustainable and equitable healthcare practices.

Стратегический анализ реализации пациент-ориентированного подхода к развитию здравоохранения Кузбасса

Achieving the strategic goals of the Russian Federation for preserving the population and ensuring the health and well-being of people requires an effective health care system that can provide necessary medical services and technologies and systematically train residents in healthy lifestyle and disease prevention. 
 This necessitates a transition to patient-oriented medicine based on strategizing, which will ensure the coordination of federal, departmental and regional programs aimed at improving the medical care quality and the population health. The article analyses legislative, regulatory, organizational documents and statistical data at the federal, regional and departmental levels. The authors perform analysis of healthcare statistical indicators in the Siberian Federal District and its subjects in dynamics; OTSW analysis on the strategizing methodology; comparative analysis of long-term healthcare development goals. The expediency of applying strategic planning and management in the transition to patient-oriented medicine is established; interrelations between strategies of different levels are discovered; region’s strategic objectives for the healthcare sector transformation and the conditions for their implementation effectiveness are defined. The authors consider possibilities of implementing a strategy for the patient-oriented medicine development in Kuzbass on the basis of region’s strengths, identify the threats and risks of not achieving strategic objectives and formulate the proposals for their reduction. The article confirms the importance of strategies’ coherence and proactivity within the appropriate priorities; argues the potential for the patient-oriented medicine development in Kuzbass.

Reducing Hospital Readmission Risk Using Predictive Analytics

This study highlights the development and application of a predictive analytics system in a Midwestern hospital to assess and manage the risk of patient readmissions within 30 days of discharge. By integrating advanced analytical modeling with electronic health records, the system enables the creation of personalized care plans by accurately predicting patients' readmission risks and the optimal timing for interventions. The results suggest that such models can significantly improve resource allocation and the personalization of care plans, thereby reducing unnecessary readmissions and aligning with value-based, patient-centered healthcare goals.