Goal Of Participation Research Articles

Blogging about Sustainable Development in the EFL College Classroom

Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are not integrated in any EFL courses that students take at the College of Language Sciences. Therefore, this study proposes a model for integrating topics related to SDGs using a class blog. Each week, a specific and tangible topic related to an SDG from a local or global perspective (no poverty, zero hunger, good health and well-being, quality education, gender equality, clean water and sanitation, affordable and clean energy, decent work and economic growth, industry, innovation, and infrastructure, reduced inequality, sustainable cities and communities, responsible consumption and production, climate action, life below water, life on land, peace, justice, and strong institutions) is posted by the instructor. Blogging about SDG topics goes through three stages: a pre-task, task and post-task phase. The students may search for videos, photos or articles related to the assigned SDG and write a blog post that describes the photo, summarizes the video or article content. Participation goals that require the students to suggest solutions to a problem are integrated. The students write their reactions to the goal, post comments, and feedback on their classmates’ blog posts. They work on their blog posts individually, in pairs, and in small group; synchronously or asynchronously; on a smart phone, tablet, iPad or laptop. In the blogging activity, the instructor serves as a facilitator while the students are blogging. The study gives recommendations for integrating SDG in EFL writing, speaking and reading courses.

Democratisation of the outdoors: how equipment lending is emerging in Norway’s sharing economy to provide sustainable consumption at the local scale

ABSTRACT Outdoor equipment lending is emerging as a collaborative consumption practice in Norway’s sharing economy, potentially providing a solution to the adverse climate and environmental impacts connected with the country’s outdoor culture. Little is known, however, of how to upscale such practices when owning equipment is culturally embedded. This article contributes to an emerging literature on how emotions, knowledge, and environmental values may contribute to participation in collaborative consumption and responds to calls for research on cultural and contextual elements of sharing practices. Through ethnographic fieldwork and interviews, we explore the outdoor equipment lending outlet TURBO in the city of Tromsø, Norway. We ask, how can collaborative consumption of equipment provide a sustainable solution to the societal goal of democratic participation in outdoor life. Building on practice theory, our analyses reveal a shift in focus from low-income and immigrant families to broader outreach and inclusion of many new user groups. In the encounters taking place at TURBO, emotions of trust and affinity, knowledge of how to access the outdoors, and environmental values are shared in dynamic interaction between lenders and borrowers. The direct effect on private consumption lies outside the scope of this research, but we argue that collaborative consumption of equipment provides potential climate and environmental benefits through the lending of donated equipment, by extending life cycles of equipment through reuse and repair, and when borrowing equipment supersedes traditional consumption. Moreover, the practices at TURBO destigmatise borrowing instead of buying and contribute to the democratisation of the outdoors.

Getting small to feel big: the psychology of weight cutting in combat sports.

This mini review explores the psychological factors associated with weight cutting practices among combat sport athletes. We overviewed combat sport athletes' extrinsic and intrinsic motivations for their sport participation and performance expectations and goals associated with weight cutting. Next, we reviewed the extant research on psychological risk factors associated with weight cutting with a particular focus on combat sport athletes' relationship with food, societal expectations concerning body image, and disordered eating. Finally, we examined how applying task-oriented strategies and Goal Attainment Theory aligns with combat sport athletes' motivation for sport participation. We called for further research into exploring how promoting gradual weight loss may promote psychological resilience with the goal of promoting healthier weight management strategies among combat sport athletes.

Surveillance Digitisation, Performativity, and Teacher-Student Relationships in a Blended Learning Setting

Abstract This study investigates how digitized surveillance technologies impact teacher-student relationships in a blended learning environment at a UAE university. Using semi-structured faculty interviews, it examines the effects of tools such as plagiarism detection, class recordings, and learning analytics on trust and engagement. The findings reveal tensions between institutional goals of academic integrity and active participation and the unintended consequences of fostering performative behaviours and eroding relational trust. Teachers report that surveillance mechanisms promote compliance over genuine learning, reshaping their roles and interactions with students. Despite these challenges, educators employ strategies of resistance, prioritising human connection and relational pedagogy to counteract the dehumanising effects of constant monitoring. This study contributes to postdigital scholarship by exploring the complex entanglements of technology, pedagogy, and trust, emphasising the need for critical and human-centred approaches to digital education.

ENGAGE-TBI: adaptation of a community-based intervention to improve social participation after brain injury

ABSTRACT Background Social isolation is prevalent after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and has negative implications for health and well-being. Interventions targeting social participation show promise for reducing social isolation. We adapted a social participation intervention, ENGAGE, to meet the needs of people with TBI. ENGAGE relies on social learning and guided problem-solving to achieve social participation goals. Methods This study was conducted in two phases. First, we conducted focus groups with 12 participants with TBI to inform adaptations. We then tested the adapted protocol (n = 6). Post-intervention interviews informed additional refinements. We collected preliminary data on feasibility and effects on social participation (Activity Card Sort, PROMIS Ability to Participate in Social Roles, PROMIS Satisfaction with Participation in Social Roles) and social isolation (PROMIS Social Isolation). Results Intervention adaptations included simplified processes for developing goals and plans, simplified workbook materials, greater time for reflection on lessons learned, and expanded peer mentorship. ENGAGE-TBI resulted in high satisfaction for 80% of participants and high engagement in intervention for 100% of participants. Attendance and retention benchmarks were achieved. Improvements in social participation exceeded the minimal clinically important difference on all measures. Conclusions The promising preliminary data support further investigation into the feasibility and effects of ENGAGE-TBI.

Social media for public participation in urban planning in China based on place attachment-- a case of the Guangzhou banyan tree incident

Given the current low level of public participation and limited channels of participation in Chinese urban planning. Social media has become an important platform for public participation in China. Taking the banyan tree relocation and felling incident in Guangzhou City as an example. This paper explores how social media-facilitated public participation can effectively influence urban planning decisions through case study and discourse power analysis. It is found that place attachment may serve as a significant motivator for public participation in urban planning. Social media plays a dual role in this process. On one hand, it can improve the effectiveness of public participation in urban planning and ultimately fulfil the role of advancing democratic government decision-making. On the other hand, the paper reveals challenges such as information homogenization, emotionalized communication, and elite dominance. These issues underscore the need for further improvements in regulatory mechanisms and technical support. Therefore, future urban planning policies should take people's emotions into account, and also need to accelerate the construction of improved systems, mechanisms and technologies for social media public participation to achieve high-level public participation goals.

Methodical Approach to Developing a Risk Management System of Risks for the Development of the Russian Stock Market

The object of the study is the Russian stock market. The subject of the study is the management of risks that may hinder the solution of the current task of ensuring the necessary contribution of the stock market to the transformation and development of the national economy under conditions of sanctions pressure. The relevance of the study is due to the high importance of the development of the national stock market for solving problems of long-term funding of the national economy in modern conditions, which requires systematic and proactive risk management. The purpose of the study is to work out a methodological approach to risk management for the development of the national stock market in the context of economic transformation. During the study, mainly methods of analysis and synthesis, classification, induction and deduction were used. Based on the results of the study, the authorized government bodies were recommended to implement a unified methodological approach to risk management for all involved parties for the development of the national stock market, taking into account the different goals of different participants. The scientific novelty of the proposed approach lies in its combination of two levels of risk management (market level and risk owner level) and taking into account the cross-functional and cross-sectoral mutual influence of risks. Conclusions are drawn about the potential effectiveness of the developed approach, as well as the possibility of scaling it to the level of the financial market as a whole, provided that organizational issues related to the development of a detailed methodology, its implementation, maintenance and independent assessment of its functioning are resolved, as well as the principle of proportionality of benefits from the implementation of the system to the costs of its organization.

Telehealth Occupation-Based Coaching for Rural Parents of Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Because of the complexity of their child's diabetes management, parents often assume all care duties and report needing additional assistance to resume family routines. To examine the preliminary efficacy of a telehealth occupation-based coaching intervention for rural parents of a child living with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) to improve child glycemic levels, family quality of life, and parental self-efficacy. Double-blinded, two-arm, pilot randomized controlled trial. Telehealth video conferencing at home. 16 dyads of rural parents and children ages 2 to 12 yr diagnosed with T1D. Occupation-based coaching delivered through telehealth sessions, once weekly for 12 wk, informed by community partners. Child measures: hemoglobin A1c and glucose time in range. Family measures: Parenting Sense of Competence, World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief Questionnaire, Goal Attainment Scale, Evidence of Independent Capacity Rating Scale (EICRS), and caregiver talk. Families in the intervention group were more likely to achieve family-centered participation goals (p = .006) than those in the controlled group. Caregiver talk increased significantly over the 12-wk period (p = .034), and the average rating on the EICRS also improved significantly (p < .001). There were no statistically significant changes in glycemic levels or family quality of life. OBC may be more efficacious in helping families to improve health management routines after a child's diagnosis with T1D than usual endocrinology care alone. Most child health outcomes were in target range at the start of the study; therefore, it was not expected to see significant improvements. Plain-Language Summary: Occupational therapy is an untapped resource in the provision of care for children with Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Occupational therapy practitioners can also provide families with evidence-based support to address the self-management skills of children with this chronic condition. This clinical trial examined the preliminary efficacy of a new 12-wk telehealth occupational therapy intervention for rural families with a child living with T1D to improve caregiver diabetes management skills, family participation, and child health. Families who received occupational therapy services were more likely to improve their family participation in meaningful activities and diabetes self-efficacy; however, there were no differences in the child's health outcomes or the family's quality of life.

Investigating a caregiver-assisted social skills group programme for primary and early high school-aged children with acquired brain injury or cerebral palsy: protocol for a pilot mixed-methods, two-group randomised trial of PEERS Plus

IntroductionReaching social milestones is an important goal of childhood. Children with acquired brain injury (ABI) and cerebral palsy (CP) frequently experience challenges with social functioning and participation. The Programme for...

OLDER ADULT ACCESS TO SELF-DIRECTED SERVICES THROUGH MEDICAID HOME AND COMMUNITY BASED SERVICE WAIVERS

Abstract Self-Direction (SD) is an underused service delivery model shown to improve health outcomes and increase care satisfaction for older adults. Rooted in choice, empowerment, and control over long-term services and supports (LTSS), SD epitomizes person-centeredness. And, because of its ability to provide LTSS in a culturally responsive manner, has the potential to enhance racial equity in LTSS provision. Since each state determines what services can be self-directed and how many beneficiaries can self-direct, state policy impacts access to and use of SD. This mixed-method study identified state differences in access to SD among 1915(c) waivers that serve older adults using Framework Analysis approach and descriptive statistics. Findings indicate potential access barriers to SD provided through 1915(c) waivers. Of the 60 waivers serving older adults in the U.S., 35 allowed SD (58%), representing 26 states and DC. While states described the benefits of SD within waiver applications and highlighted its alignment with person-centeredness, most set very low goals for the number of beneficiaries expected to use SD. Seventy-five percent of waivers set goals for participation in SD at less than 25% of beneficiaries. Furthermore, states acknowledged SD’s flexibility and ability to tailor services to participant needs, while limiting the types of services individuals could self-direct. In light of the established benefits of SD, these findings raise questions about potential underutilization of SD among older adults. Further research is needed to better understand apparent discrepancies between state descriptions of SD and perceived and actual access to these services.

Perspectives on goal setting: Video-reflexive ethnography with speech-language therapists and clients.

Goal setting is an essential step in the clinical reasoning process of speech and language therapists (SLTs) who provide care for children, adolescents and adults with communication disorders. In the light of person-centred care, shared or collaborative goal setting between the SLT and client is advised in (inter)national guidelines. SLTs face challenges in implementing (shared) goal setting as theoretical frameworks and practical interventions are scarce and less applicable to use with a wide range of communication vulnerable populations. A first step in developing theory and practical interventions is to explore first-hand experiences of SLTs and clients about day-to-day goal-setting practice. This study was guided by the following research question: What are the perspectives and needs of SLTs and persons with communication disorders regarding (shared) goal setting in routine SLT services? The qualitative study was carried out in the setting of routine speech-language therapy services in community practices, primary education and neurological rehabilitation in the Netherlands. Data collection followed the principles of video-reflexive ethnography, using video footage of goal-setting conversations to facilitate semi-structured, reflexive interviews. Data analysis was based on reflexive thematic analysis. A total of 12 interviews were conducted with client-SLT dyads, covering perspectives from children, parents and adults with a range of communication difficulties and their SLTs. Data analysis resulted in four themes, of which two contain subthemes. Each theme represents a central organizing concept found in SLT and client interviews. The themes were identified as: (1) goal setting is a complex process; (2) goal talk needs to be communication accessible; (3) communicative participation goals are hard to grasp; and (4) the importance of relationships. Topics such as power imbalance, communication vulnerability, effective communication strategies, and motivation and trust are explored under these themes. SLTs are encouraged to view shared goal setting as a process that needs to be explicitly planned and communicated with clients regardless of their age or communication vulnerability. SLTs have expert knowledge and skills when it comes to supporting communication and applying these skills during goal talks might strengthen shared goal setting and foster a therapeutic relationship. There is a need to concretely conceptualize and embed shared goal setting in policy and clinical guidelines. The themes reported have tentative clinical implications for developing such policy, and shared goal-setting interventions for SLT practice, under the condition that SLTs and people with communication disorders are continuously involved. What is already known on the subject SLTs want to set meaningful goals together with their patients but lack theory and resources to effectively shape the goal-setting process. Few studies have directly reported on the perspectives and needs of SLTs and patients regarding goal setting. Patients generally perceive goal setting as a vague activity in which they minimally participate. SLTs want to involve patients in the goal-setting process and describe the potential benefits, but they also want to report barriers on the systemic and professional competence level. What this paper adds to the existing knowledge SLTs and patients perceive shared goal setting as a multifaceted process, rather than a one-off conversation. This process holds potential vulnerabilities for SLTs and patients alike, and the themes in this study propose potentially helpful ingredients to mediate this vulnerability and shape the goal-setting process. What are the potential or clinical implications of this work? To take the first steps towards effective shared goal setting, SLTs should embrace the element of discovery in goal setting and apply their expert knowledge in supporting communication. To develop practical interventions for SLTs, shared goal setting needs to be further conceptualized and embedded in policy and clinical guidelines.

Determinants of sustainable work participation after spinal cord injury in The Netherlands

Purpose Work participation of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) is lower compared to the overall Dutch population, with determinants largely unknown. Aim To identify the determinants of sustainable work participation for persons with SCI. Methods A cross-sectional multicenter study was conducted in eight Dutch rehabilitation centers. Persons with first inpatient rehabilitation, discharged between 2015 and 2022, and a work participation goal were invited to complete a survey. Statistical analyses compared groups based on having paid work (yes/no), work functioning (good/lower), past sick leave (occasional/frequent), and expected sick leave (occasional/frequent). Variables that significantly differed were added in logistic regression analyses, and goodness of fit of the model was estimated using Nagelkerke pseudo R-square. Results In total, 175 persons responded (69.7% male, 51.1 ± 12.8 years, time since injury 4.2 ± 2.7 years). The paid work model accounted for 24.5% of the variance (p < .001). The work functioning model accounted for 48.1% (p < .001), with work ability as a significant contributor. The model for past sick leave accounted for 23.5% (p = .009). The model for expected sick leave accounted for 36.4% (p < .001), with work ability as a significant contributor. Conclusions Lower self-reported work ability was associated with a higher chance of lower work functioning and expected frequent sick leave. Implications for rehabilitation A lower self-reported workability was associated with a higher chance of lower work functioning and expected frequent sick leave for the next year. The Work Ability Index – Single Item (WAS) can be considered for use in the clinical setting to assess work functioning and sick leave expected in the next year. A low WAS value should be discussed with the patient, and if needed with the vocational rehabilitation team and/or the employer to enable adequate intervention(s).

Neurorehabilitation

Neurorehabilitation is characterized by astructured, interdisciplinary collaboration among various professional fields, focused on achieving individualized participation goals for patients. This process considers the different levels of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF), specifically function, activity and participation. Multiple evidence-based treatment procedures targeting specific mechanisms of action are available for the rehabilitation of disorders associated with various diseases. Treatment must be administered with sufficient intensity to be effective. The neurological phase model encompasses several stages of care ranging from acute treatment in phaseA to phaseD for patients who are largely independent. Early rehabilitation phaseB and rehabilitation phaseC combine acute and rehabilitation-specific tasks. PhaseE supports long-term occupational and social participation, while phaseF is dedicated to long-term care for severely affected patients. In the outpatient setting, the long-term care of neurologically affected patients remains insufficient due to alack of interdisciplinary collaboration possibilities, highlighting an urgent need for expansion and improved integration between care providers.

Understanding Goal Setting and Behavior Change Mechanics in an Older Adult Sitting Reduction Intervention.

We explored intervention fidelity, participant satisfaction, and the goals and reminder strategies participants chose to reduce sitting. Mixed methods approach leveraging data collected during study coaching and fidelity monitoring. A successful 6-month randomized controlled trial of a sedentary behavior (SB) intervention for adults ≥60years in Washington, USA. N = 283 (140 intervention, 143 attention control); mean age 69, 66% women, 69% Non-Hispanic White. Theory-based SB reduction intervention structured around phone-based health coaching and goal setting. Attention control received equal coaching on non-SB health topics. Coaches tracked all participant goals, and 8% of visits were randomly observed and fidelity coded using a structured template. Participants completed a satisfaction questionnaire at study end. Goals data were qualitatively grouped by reminder strategy and topic. Fidelity and satisfaction data were summarized and compared by study arm using two-sided paired t-tests. Both participants' satisfaction (>90% satisfied, between-group P = .195) and coach fidelity to intervention content and techniques were high (96% sessions set SMART goals, P = .343) across both arms. Intervention participants primarily set goals leveraging outward (e.g., fitness band prompts) and habit (e.g., adding standing to a daily meal) reminder strategies highly tailored to individual preferences and lifestyle. Participants' SB-related goals varied widely, suggesting tailored intervention approaches are important to change sitting behavior, particularly for older adults with chronic conditions.

A co-design process to develop personalized mobility programming for individuals with mobility impairments.

Individuals with neurological conditions (e.g., stroke, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis) may experience challenges to their mobility. While the individual needs for persons with neurological conditions may vary, thus making intervention development more difficult, identifying key personalization or tailoring variables may help to customize interventions. However, the process to personalize treatments has not been well described. It is also unclear how adaptive intervention design includes the perspective of those with lived experience. Co-design methods may be a way to be transparent about intervention development to meet the needs of persons with mobility impairments while ensuring the resulting intervention is relevant and applicable to those who will be participating. The purpose of the present article is to describe a co-design process to facilitate the development of personalized mobility programming for persons with mobility impairments. Development of a set of personalized mobility programming for individuals with mobility impairments was conducted following an adaptive intervention design approach with a co-design component. A series of working groups and individual sessions with key interest groups (e.g., persons with lived experience, fitness instructors, front-line clinicians, students) were conducted in order to develop the personalized mobility programming based on the needs and preferences described during various working groups. Two sets of working groups and three individual one-to-one sessions were conducted with a total of 14 participants (n = 6 persons with lived experience, n = 4 research team members, n = 2 physiotherapists, n = 2 occupational therapists, n = 1 registered kinesiologist). From the information gathered during the working groups a set of four personalized mobility programs were developed: (1) cognitive cardio class, (2) functional strength class, (3) mobility circuit group, and (4) an open gym. Participants also discussed the onboarding process, how to effectively track participant goals throughout the programming and personalization variables. The current paper provides a guideline for future work that aims to develop programming that is personalized to the needs of the persons with mobility impairments due to various neurological conditions. The strengths of this approach include the collaborative nature of the program development, while the main limitations were logistical in nature (e.g., scheduling, engaging all working group members).

Universal Design as Co-Creation: Experiences and Visions from Urban Development Projects in Sweden.

In Swedish policy, Universal design (UD) is implemented as a guiding principle. This paper explores the conditions for co-creation when authorities and civil society collaborate. The empirical basis comes from qualitative analysis of interviews, go-alongs, group discussions, and change-oriented workshops in three urban development projects concerning the re-design of public spaces and buildings in three Swedish cities. Collaboration between municipalities and local disability organisations was formal and established but different expectations of organisations' capacity and opportunities for influence, caused misunderstandings and mistrust. Interpretation of personal disability experience entailed ambiguity concerning roles and legitimacy. Hence, this paper considers UD a collaborative process, operating beyond regulatory compliance, transcending conventional categorisations, and inspiring and fostering commitment of a diverse population. It concludes that disability experience should be integrated into design processes in an intersectional way, as one of many experiences. That is in line with the CRPD, regarding persons with disabilities as equals and as contributors to cohesion and community building. Such a process requires co-creation where equals contribute to the common process but also reflection on the goals of community participation, and recognizing the needs of personal support and interaction. Since co-creation is a multifaceted, sometimes confusing, and idealistic concept, this paper suggests clarity, distinguished roles, and training of visualization abilities. Constraints of organisational asymmetry and challenges of engaging participants must be considered for developing a realistic view of co-creation. However, openness for learning between and beyond specific projects may develop equitable collaboration. For mutual and sustainable learning, the future usage phase must inform the design process. This positions UD in relation to co-creation as both a space of design possibilities and a human rights concept for an ethically reflected practice.

Mental Health Literacy in the Middle School English Language Arts Classroom: Perspectives from Teachers and Social Support Staff

ABSTRACT Background The prevalence of mental health challenges among adolescents warrants innovative school-based approaches that support students’ mental health literacy (MHL). Purpose In this qualitative case study, we interrogated the experiences of three eighth-grade English Language Arts (ELA) teachers and two of their school’s social support staff as they conceptualized, developed, and delivered a novel MHL unit of study within their existing curricular framework. In doing so, we sought to better understand the experiences of these school professionals to inform future iterations of the unit. Methods We explicated focus group data to identify themes that emerged regarding participant goals, experiences, and outcomes as they related to unit planning, delivery, and recommendations. Results Generally, practitioners advocated for increased collaboration with each other to overcome professional apprehension and streamline efforts, a need for such a curriculum to enhance student wellbeing, and having access to more school-provided resources. Discussion Themes are contextualized within the current landscape of school MHL programming, and suggestions are highlighted to advance this ELA curriculum-based work. Translation to Health Education Practice Health Educators’ expertise can supplement the ELA curriculum with targeted MHL lessons for students, alleviating teacher role confusion and advancing the goals of the unit by providing psychoeducation.

Unveiling citizens’ perspective on citizen assemblies among participants and non-participants of a citizen assembly on energy

Abstract Governments all over Europe are commissioning citizen assemblies (CAs), which could be one possible way to assist the representative democracy in developing more socially acceptable sustainability policies. Yet, little is known about how citizens themselves think about CAs in general, l et al one the actual real-life procedures, which perceived aspects of CAs and how influence these opinions, and whether opinions differ between those who participate in CAs and the population at large. We investigated citizens’ perceptions and acceptability of CAs, both among the participants of the Dutch Citizen Assembly on Energy (DCAE) and the general Dutch population. First, we studied to what extent both groups thought that CAs, in general, could reach the broader goals of public participation: normative (better democracy), substantive (improved decisions), and instrumental (enhanced public support) goals. Second, we studied citizens’ perceptions of the DCAE in particular, focusing on the 4Ds of public participation: dialogue, diversity, decision-making power, and deliberation. Citizens were generally positive about the potential of CAs to reach broader participation goals, except for some scepticism about their capacity to bring in new knowledge and accelerate the energy transition. Compared to the general population, citizens who join CAs may be more accepting of CAs at the start and evaluate the process more positively at the end. In contrast to conventional wisdom, decision-making power was not the key driver of public acceptability of the DCAE—engaging in dialogue and deliberation might be more important to citizens than having more power per se.

A Survey of Surrogates and Health Care Professionals Indicates Support of Cognitive Motor Dissociation-Assisted Prognostication.

Prognostication of patients with acute disorders of consciousness is imprecise but more accurate technology-supported predictions, such as cognitive motor dissociation (CMD), are emerging. CMD refers to the detection of willful brain activation following motor commands using functional magnetic resonance imaging or machine learning-supported analysis of the electroencephalogram in clinically unresponsive patients. CMD is associated with long-term recovery, but acceptance by surrogates and health care professionals is uncertain. The objective of this study was to determine receptiveness for CMD to inform goals of care (GoC) decisions and research participation among health care professionals and surrogates of behaviorally unresponsive patients. This was a two-center study of surrogates of and health care professionals caring for unconscious patients with severe neurological injury who were enrolled in two prospective US-based studies. Participants completed a 13-item survey to assess demographics, religiosity, minimal acceptable level of recovery, enthusiasm for research participation, and receptiveness for CMD to support GoC decisions. Completed surveys were obtained from 196 participants (133 health care professionals and 63 surrogates). Across all respondents, 93% indicated that they would want their loved one or the patient they cared for to participate in a research study that supports recovery of consciousness if CMD were detected, compared to 58% if CMD were not detected. Health care professionals were more likely than surrogates to change GoC with a positive (78% vs. 59%, p = 0.005) or negative (83% vs. 59%, p = 0.0002) CMD result. Participants who reported religion was the most important part of their life were least likely to change GoC with or without CMD. Participants who identified as Black (odds ratio [OR] 0.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04-0.36) or Hispanic/Latino (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.2-0.75) and those for whom religion was the most important part of their life (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.05-0.64) were more likely to accept a lower minimum level of recovery. Technology-supported prognostication and enthusiasm for clinical trial participation was supported across a diverse spectrum of health care professionals and surrogate decision-makers. Education for surrogates and health care professionals should accompany integration of technology-supported prognostication.

Analysing the behaviour change techniques in an effective food literacy program to inform future program design.

Food literacy programs aim to improve food related skills and knowledge and are selected Governments as a strategy to address dietary intakes at a community level. The purpose of this research is to identify behaviour change techniques in a food literacy program, which were assessed by the achievement of participant goals related to food literacy and dietary behaviour changes. Consensus methods were applied to map behaviour change techniques to an adult food literacy program. A second phase investigation applied content analysis of participant process evaluation data (collected between 2016 and June 2021) to align target behaviours and behaviour change techniques. Chi-square and ANCOVA were used to assess the statistically significant demographic characteristics, food literacy, and dietary behaviour scores for participants who set goals and recorded changes. A total of 4697 program participants provided evaluation data from the 4-week food literacy program. Participants who set goals and made changes were statistically more likely to have higher food literacy factor scores (p < 0.001) and fruit serves (p = 0.004). Statistical analysis showed that participants were more likely to have set goals and recorded changes if they were female (p < 0.001), older (p < 0.001), higher education level (p < 0.001), had a higher socioeconomic status (p = 0.049), lived with children (p = 0.014), were born in Australia (p = 0.019), or did not identify as Indigenous (p < 0.001). The behaviour change technique mapping process identified nine techniques used weekly and a total of 22 techniques used over the entire 4 week program curriculum. This is the first Australian study to link the contribution of behaviour change techniques to food literacy and dietary behaviour change in an established effective food literacy program. Knowing the behaviour change techniques associated with effective programs will facilitate replication of effective interventions.