Specific Goals Research Articles

Progress Tracker Using NextJs Framework

Abstract : The Progress Tracker built using the Next.js framework is a dynamic web application designed to help users monitor their advancement towards specific goals or milestones. Leveraging the capabilities of Next.js, this tracker offers a seamless user experience with server-side rendering, efficient client-side navigation, and easy scalability. Key features include real-time progress updates, customizable goal setting, intuitive data visualization, and responsive design for accessibility across devices. By employing Next.js, the application ensures high performance and SEO optimization, making it an ideal choice for individuals or teams striving for continuous improvement and goal attainment.

The intersection of Interprofessional Education and One Health: A qualitative study in human and veterinary medical institutions

Interprofessional Education (IPE) and One Health are two common and overlapping frameworks for teaching collaborative practice. IPE is common at human medical institutions, while One Health is more common in graduate and veterinary programs. The connection between IPE and One Health is still being explored both in scholarship and in real-world professional settings. This prospective, qualitative research study examines the intersection of IPE and One Health at institutions that are members of the Clinical and Translational Science Award (CTSA) One Health Alliance (COHA). COHA consists of veterinary schools partnered with medical institutions through the National Institutes of Health CTSA funding mechanism with the specific goal of advancing the understanding of diseases shared by humans and animals. Twenty-four interviews were conducted with professionals across eight professions. Subjects noted that some of the biggest barriers to IPE education were awareness, accessibility, efficacy, and implementation beyond the classroom. Competency across multiple institutions and a consistent, validated evaluation tool were noted to be lacking. Interviews highlighted a lack of a shared mental model for IPE and One Health across the medical professions, major hurdles for implementation in professional curricula, and a disconnection between bridging IPE and One Health to the workforce and global challenges. Future work in this area may be focused on assessing the IPE and One Health offerings beyond COHA institutions, giving a more holistic understanding on how IPE and One Health are being deployed. One Health can be operationalized through the adoption of IPE principles and practices into curriculum. This research is critical to educate others on current applications, role, and definitions of One Health and IPE. The ultimate goal of this work is to help cultivate transdisciplinary leaders in the human and animal medicine who will have the skills to solve systemic problems.

The Complex Relationship between Sleep and Cognitive Reserve: A Narrative Review Based on Human Studies.

Sleep and brain/cognitive/neural reserve significantly impact well-being and cognition throughout life. This review aims to explore the intricate relationship between such factors, with reference to their effects on human cognitive functions. The specific goal is to understand the bidirectional influence that sleep and reserve exert on each other. Up to 6 February 2024, a methodical search of the literature was conducted using the PubMed database with terms related to brain, cognitive or neural reserve, and healthy or disturbed sleep. Based on the inclusion criteria, 11 articles were selected and analyzed for this review. The articles focus almost exclusively on cognitive reserve, with no explicit connection between sleep and brain or neural reserve. The results evidence sleep's role as a builder of cognitive reserve and cognitive reserve's role as a moderator in the effects of physiological and pathological sleep on cognitive functions. In conclusion, the findings of the present review support the notion that both sleep and cognitive reserve are critical factors in cognitive functioning. Deepening comprehension of the interactions between them is essential for devising strategies to enhance brain health and resilience against age- and pathology-related conditions.

The effect of including a mobile arch, toe joint, and joint coupling on predictive neuromuscular simulations of human walking

Predictive neuromuscular simulations are a powerful tool for studying the biomechanics of human walking, and deriving design criteria for technical devices like prostheses or biorobots. Good agreement between simulation and human data is essential for transferability to the real world. The human foot is often modeled with a single rigid element, but knowledge of how the foot model affects gait prediction is limited. Standardized procedures for selecting appropriate foot models are lacking. We performed 2D predictive neuromuscular simulations with six different foot models of increasing complexity to answer two questions: What is the effect of a mobile arch, a toe joint, and the coupling of toe and arch motion through the plantar fascia on gait prediction? and How much of the foot’s anatomy do we need to model to predict sagittal plane walking kinematics and kinetics in good agreement with human data? We found that the foot model had a significant impact on ankle kinematics during terminal stance, push-off, and toe and arch kinematics. When focusing only on hip and knee kinematics, rigid foot models are sufficient. We hope our findings will help guide the community in modeling the human foot according to specific research goals and improve neuromuscular simulation accuracy.

Can Online Parent Education Meet the Needs of the Courts and Improve the Well-Being of Children? The Critical Roles of Goal, Program, and Evidence Alignment.

Parent education in family courts can significantly impact children's well-being after divorce if programs are (1) widely accessible, (2) acceptable to parents, (3) feasible to implement by courts, and (4) have evidence of effectiveness in improving key outcomes for children. In light of recently raised concerns about whether court-ordered/court-mandated parent education is justified; it is critical to identify effective parent education programs. Online parent education programs have the potential to be widely accessible, acceptable to parents and courts, and effectively promote children's well-being. However, few effective online parent education programs are being widely adopted by family courts. There is some controversy about whether online parent education meets the needs of family courts in being cost-effective programs that offer ways to hold parents accountable for their participation. We articulate the wide array of goals for parent education programs and present a framework to identify and select programs that meet specific goals. We discuss access, cost, evidence of effectiveness, acceptability, credibility, and compliance tracking. We highlight two online parent education programs to illustrate differences in contexts and goals and to show that online programs have great potential to be effective in accomplishing goals valued by the courts.

Финансово-плановые акты как правовая форма финансовой деятельности публично-правовых образований

In the context of the development of modern science of financial law, it seems relevant to analyze financial planning acts as a legal form of financial activity of public legal entities. When distinguishing the forms of financial activity of public legal entities, two are traditionally pointed out: legal and non-legal. In the course of the research, both general scientific and private scientific methods were used: scientific abstraction, systematic, logical, analysis and synthesis, comparative legal and formal legal. Results are drawn that: a) the legal form is predominant, since it allows to give legitimacy to the financial activities of public legal entities; b) among the various elements of this form, the most specific are financial planning acts, understood as a type of legal acts containing plans for the formation of funds, the formation of their funds, the use of specific goals; c) along with the general features characteristic of financial planning acts, it is necessary to identify a number of specific features: regulation of an integral object, connection with the future, the presence of a special type of legal norm — planned. Discussion of the conducted research lies in the fact that it allows us to critically comprehend existing approaches to financial planning acts as a legal form of financial activity of public legal entities, and also contributes to the development of theoretical directions on this topic and the formation of educational materials devoted to the problem under consideration.

Cause-related marketing in tourism: how goal framing promotes consumer prosocial behaviours

Cause-related marketing is commonly regarded as an effective tool for tourism enterprises to bolster their commitment to sustainable practices, fostering environmental and social responsibility within their operations and offerings. However, despite this, there is limited research into the implementation of cause-related social marketing to achieve the sustainability goals of tourism enterprises. Consequently, this research leverages construal level theory to examine how goal framing in cause-related tourism marketing communications nudges consumers towards engaging in prosocial behaviours, with an explicit emphasis on the boundary conditions in which desired effects diminish. Results across two pilot studies and four scenario-based experiments demonstrate that the specific (vs. abstract) goal framing elicits a higher degree of prosocial behaviours through the critical role of empathy. Two moderating variables demonstrate the enhancement effect of specific goal framing is attenuated for consumers already high (vs. low) on the agreeableness trait and those who are primed with a cyclical (vs. linear) temporal perspective. Additional analyses and controls, including ruling out three alternative explanations, reinforce the reliability and validity of the results. This research provides evidence-based insights critical to amplify the effectiveness of cause-related corporate social responsibility initiatives in tourism, unveiling the specific mechanisms which underpin consumer responses to corporate social responsibility messages and communication framing. Future research should examine the critical role of goal framing in the social repositioning of tourism enterprises.

Influence of Quality Education on FDI Inflows in Subs-Saharan Africa: A Theoretical and Empirical Research

The non-traditional influences of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) are increasingly gaining attention in international business studies; however, the empirical evidence of these influences is still scant. Using human capital theory within the context of the national competitive framework, the study reported in this paper considers the progress towards achieving Quality education as a likely influence of FDI inflows in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The paper employs a panel data research design and conducts fixed effects estimations. The analysis categorizes FDI flows into global FDI, FDI from developed countries, and FDI from developing countries to SSA. Thus, the paper is centred around three research questions: (1) How does progress toward quality education influence global FDI inflows? (2) How does progress towards quality education influence FDI inflows from developed and (3) from developing countries? The analysis mainly utilizes a bespoke dataset from the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and data from trustworthy databases such as UNCTADSTAT and the World Development Indicators (WDI). The results support the claim of the increasing importance of non-traditional influences of FDI flow. Quality Education significantly influenced FDI inflows from the globe and developing countries to SSA. This research provides further evidence that the national competitive framework can thoroughly explain the factors that have different significant powers in influencing FDI flows to SSA from developed and developing countries. The study is highly policy-relevant because it examines the effects of the degree of attainment of specific UN Sustainable Development Goals (quality education) on inward FDI performance. It, therefore, shows the benefits of SSA countries investing in the SDGs for the policy goal of attracting more considerable amounts of inward FDI.

Effects of gamma, electron beam, and X-ray irradiation on the plastic components of a universal bone cement mixer medical device

Due to market and regulatory pressures, many healthcare manufacturers are considering alternatives to cobalt-60 gamma radiation, including accelerator-based electron beam (E-beam) and X-ray radiation for product sterilization. In this work, the effects of irradiation on a representative medical product, comprised of eight distinct polymer materials, were directly compared for three radiation technologies – cobalt-60 gamma, E-beam, and X-ray – at four dose levels (15, 25, 50, and 70 kGy). The objective was to determine how radiation effects (deleterious or beneficial) are influenced by source and dose level, with the specific goal of determining whether E-beam radiation and/or X-ray radiation could be viable alternatives to gamma radiation for device sterilization. The specific product considered is a single-use medical device for orthopedic surgery, the Stryker Instruments MixeVac III bone cement mixer, which is currently sterilized using gamma radiation from cobalt-60 sources. Following ASTM International standards and input from the manufacturer, we characterized the effects of the three radiation sources on product functionality as well as on the mechanical and optical properties of the constituent polymers. Results indicate that although measurable differences in properties between the standard gamma irradiated materials and the alternative E-beam and X-ray irradiated materials were observed, those differences were small. Statistically significant differences were noted in the case of yellowness index for polyvinyl chloride, high-density polyethylene, and polycarbonate, and in the case of tensile elongation at break for high impact polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride. In general, the results of this study support the viability of E-beam and X-ray radiation as alternative options to cobalt-60 gamma radiation for sterilization of Stryker single-use universal bone cement mixer medical devices.

EVENT-MANAGEMENT AS A TOOL FOR ORGANIZING SPECIAL EVENTS

A special event is an important concept because it participates in globalization processes, contributing to the spread of cultural practices and standardized examples of behavior. This study aims to analyze the essence of the concept of special events and determine the role of event management in the organization of special events. A special event is a short-term or long-term project with a specific goal and target audience. Individuals or groups (often non-governmental and governmental organizations) organize such an event. Non-governmental organizations are commercial enterprises, agencies, sports clubs, non-profit organizations, humanitarian and religious organizations, political parties and organizations. These organizations have significant financial resources at their disposal, which they spend on promotions, raffles, concerts, parades, advertising campaigns, etc. Special events by type can be divided into celebrations, celebrations and commemorations, cultural events, sporting events, fashion shows, religious events, political events, educational events, and events related to an action, service, person, or enterprise. The classification of special events was also systematized according to other characteristics (by the degree of abstraction and generalization, the method of financing, depending on the performer-organizer, the target audience, the type and scale of the event, according the frequency of the event). It has been proven that event management becomes an effective tool for the manager of social and cultural activities, which can be used as a means of developing the sphere of leisure, and as a management tool to achieve certain goals. It was determined that the task of event management is the systematization of stages, processes, and steps that are an integral part of the organization of events, including special events. The key stages of the organization of special events were analyzed and the features of each of these stages were considered. Further areas of research will be the analysis of the features of event marketing and marketing of special events.

Customer’s Awareness towards Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana (SSY) : Special Reference to Latur District

Every investor is expected to take their investment decisions on awareness and knowledge of the scheme. Lack of information about the scheme cannot attract the investors. To attract the investors the information about the scheme should be spread in the public. Awareness enables to investors to take investment decisions. Investors obtain the information required for investing, evaluating the investment option which are suit their specific goals, ascertains rights and obligations in a particular investment takes necessary precautions and seeks help in case of any grievance. In order to create awareness about the scheme and empower them to be smart investors, awareness is very important. In the present study the primary data was collected from the 112 respondent of MGNREGA female workers through the well structured questionnaire. The secondary data was obtained from the government website. The data was analyzed by using Chi-square test at 5% level of significance. It was found that, there is a significant association between the age, educational qualification and marital status of the respondents. To improve the awareness the respondents’ government should make some efforts to improve these variables in the rural area. It is also found that there is no attraction about the account opening in the commercial banks and post offices.

Organizing sustainable and fair agri-food systems: exploring the role of north-north alternative food networks in the European Union

ABSTRACT Alternative Food Networks (AFNs) have grown globally since the late 1990s to promote responsible consumption and production in the agri-food sector, although their expansion varies across countries and socio-economic contexts. Initially, the Fair Trade movement and development organizations established AFNs to address socio-environmental challenges faced by producers in the Global South. However, as cooperation and development agendas evolve, more Fair Trade and development actors are forming North-North AFNs (N-N AFNs) to tackle socio-economic imbalances in agri-food systems of the Global North, especially in the EU. Despite their prevalence, these initiatives and their structures lack extensive academic study. Drawing on Le Velly’s framework for the analysis of AFNs, this paper conducts an in-depth qualitative analysis of three N-N AFN initiatives in Belgium, Italy, and Greece. The analysis demonstrates that while these initiatives share common objectives in terms of fairness and shortness of the agri-food system, variations arise in terms of its accessibility and environmental sustainability. Furthermore, the findings emphasize that there is no one-size-fits-all model for N-N AFNs across Europe, as different organizational arrangements – such as farmers’ cooperatives, consumers’ cooperatives, and business partnerships – emerge in response to specific project goals within each national context.

Emotional and psychological aspect of cross-cultural communication with the Japanese

This article is devoted to the problem of developing communicative competencies to create an emotional atmosphere of communication with the Japanese based on the understanding of mentality and socio-psychological intelligence corresponding to specific goals and situations. The purpose of the article is to systematize the intra-communicative features of communication in Japanese society, the consideration and study of which are important from the point of view of regulating inter-communication at the intercultural level. The novelty of the study lies in determining the influence of the emotional and psychological aspects of the extralinguistic component of communicative competence on the overall effectiveness of business communication with the Japanese. Changes in the socio-economic situation inside and outside Japan have a direct impact on the transformation of the system of relationships between the Japanese and representatives of other cultures, which is reflected in the linguistic sphere. The relevance of the material lies in the need to expand the knowledge base in the field of the Japanese language and culture (hard skill) through the ability to build adequate relationships in dialogue with a partner (soft skills), based on the understanding of the peculiarities of his mentality and allowing to increase the effectiveness of contacts with representatives of the Japanese side. When working on the article, general scientific methods were used − analysis and synthesis of scientific and educational literature, as well as media resources on this topic, synthesis and classification of the results obtained. The main objectives of the article were to highlight the emotional and psychological components of extralinguistic competence that influence positive communication with the Japanese; determine which factors may be regarded negatively and slow down the communication process; find out what the Japanese understand by communicative distancing and how important it is to observe it in Japanese society. As a result of working with the material, the main emotional and psychological fields of interaction during intra-communicative communication of the Japanese were identified and analyzed and conclusions were drawn about the spread of these fields in the conditions of a changing socio-economic situation to the inter-communicative sphere. The article concludes that for effective communication in Japanese, in addition to language skills, speech skills and knowledge of cultural traditions, it is necessary to take into account the features of emotional and psychological concepts that influence the creation of positive intentions for dialogue: 共感 stimulating communication, 違和感 making communication difficult, 距離感 amenable to regulation for communicative purposes. The results and conclusions of the article can be practically used in the educational process when developing situational exercises and conducting role-playing games based on textbooks and teaching aids on oral communication in Japanese.

Does reciprocal peer observation promote the transfer of learning to teaching practice?

AbstractThis paper investigates whether Reciprocal Peer Observation is an effective practice for promoting Teacher Professional Development. It focuses on analysing the Improvement Goals transfer processes stemming from teachers' own educational approach, which teachers identify during Reciprocal Peer Observation. A total of 230 teachers, paired together, conducted a second classroom observation, focused on a specific Improvement Goals to assess the extent of their transfer. The findings indicate that Improvement Goals transfer to classroom practice occurs predominantly. The study analyses predictive and facilitating factors that contribute to this process. The results reveal that collaborative culture and collective agency are predictive factors for transfer. Similarly, personal factors arising from reflection and awareness of one's own practices, alongside the support of the partner, could promote the identified processes of improvement. In conclusion, Reciprocal Peer Observation can be regarded as a highly effective practice for identifying Improvement Goals and transferring them to the classroom, benefiting Teacher Professional Development.

Online chasing action recruits both mirror neuron and mentalizing systems: A pilot fNIRS study

Engaging in chasing, where an actor actively pursues a target, is considered a crucial activity for the development of social skills. Previous studies have focused predominantly on understanding the neural correlates of chasing from an observer's perspective, but the neural mechanisms underlying the real-time implementation of chasing action remain poorly understood. To gain deeper insights into this phenomenon, the current study employed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) techniques and a novel interactive game. In this interactive game, participants (N = 29) were tasked to engage in chasing behavior by controlling an on-screen character using a gamepad, with the goal of catching a virtual partner. To specifically examine the brain activations associated with the interactive nature of chasing, we included two additional interactive actions: following action of following the path of a virtual partner and free action of moving without a specific pursuit goal. The results revealed that chasing and following actions elicited activation in a broad and overlapping network of brain regions, including the temporoparietal junction (TPJ), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), premotor cortex (PMC), primary somatosensory cortex (SI), and primary motor cortex (M1). Crucially, these regions were found to be modulated by the type of interaction, with greater activation and functional connectivity during the chasing interaction than during the following and free interactions. These findings suggested that both the MNS, encompassing regions such as the PMC, M1 and SI, and the mentalizing system (MS), involving the TPJ and mPFC, contribute to the execution of online chasing actions. Thus, the present study represents an initial step toward future investigations into the roles of MNS and MS in real-time chasing interactions.

Prov-DIFF: Play traces analysis through provenance differences

A game session comprises a series of user decisions, inputs, and the execution of a strategy to reach specific goals. Tracking generated data of a game session is important for game analytics for developers and players. Game session data can be used for reproducibility, analysis of game traces, understanding player behavior, and improving the outcome in future sessions by learning from mistakes. However, game telemetry can rapidly lead to large amounts of data that can overwhelm the analyst’s ability to analyze it, and it can be difficult to identify the reasons that might have caused a player to lose in that session. This paper proposes a provenance-based automatic debugging approach for game analytics. It identifies possible reasons and discrepancies that might have led a player to lose by contrasting their performance with other players. Our approach also proposes possible insights on how to improve the player’s performance to reach the goal. We integrated our solution into the existing provenance visualization tool Prov Viewer. We provided an experimental study to demonstrate that our approach can identify probable causes that led the player to lose and propose changes to make it work in the next execution.

Effects of Peer- or Professional-Led Support in Enhancing Adherence to Wearable Monitoring Devices Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Despite the well-documented health benefits associated with wearable monitoring devices (WMDs), adherence among community-dwelling older adults remains low. By providing guidance on the purpose and benefits of using WMDs, facilitating goal-setting aligned with the device's features, promoting comprehension of the health data captured by the device, and assisting in overcoming technological challenges, peers and health care professionals can potentially enhance older adults' adherence to WMDs. However, the effectiveness of such support mechanisms in promoting adherence to WMDs among older adults remains poorly understood. The aims of this systematic review were to examine the effects of peer- or professional-led intervention programs designed to improve adherence to WMDs among community-dwelling older adults and to identify the intervention components that may positively influence the effects of the intervention. We conducted a comprehensive search across 7 electronic databases (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials [CENTRAL], PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, British Nursing Index, Web of Science, and CINAHL) to identify articles published between January 1, 2010, and June 26, 2023. We specifically targeted randomized controlled trials that examined the impact of peer- or professional-led interventions on enhancing adherence to WMDs among individuals aged 60 years and older residing in the community. Two independent reviewers extracted data from the included studies and assessed the potential risk of bias in accordance with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized trials, version 2. A total of 10,511 studies were identified through the database search. Eventually, we included 3 randomized controlled trials involving 154 community-dwelling older adults. The participants had a mean age of 65 years. Our review revealed that increasing awareness of being monitored and implementing the SystemCHANGE approach, a habit change tool focusing on personal goals and feedback, were effective strategies for enhancing adherence to WMDs among older adults. All of the included studies exhibited a low risk of bias. By collaboratively designing specific goals related to WMDs with health care professionals, including nurses and physicians, older adults exhibited a higher likelihood of adhering to the prescribed use of WMDs. These goal-setting tools provided a framework for structure and motivation, facilitating the seamless integration of WMDs into their daily routines. Researchers should prioritize interventions that target awareness and goal-setting as effective approaches to enhance adherence to WMDs among older adults, thereby maximizing the realization of associated health benefits.

STOD: Towards Scalable Task-Oriented Dialogue System on MultiWOZ-API

Task-oriented dialogue systems (TODs) enable users to complete specific goals and are widely used in practice. Although existing models have achieved delightful performance for single-domain dialogues, scalability to new domains is far from well explored. Traditional dialogue systems rely on domain-specific information like dialogue state and database (DB), which limits the scalability of such systems. In this paper, we propose a Scalable Task-Oriented Dialogue modeling framework (STOD). Instead of labeling multiple dialogue components, which have been adopted by previous work, we only predict structured API queries to interact with DB and generate responses based on the complete DB results. Further, we construct a new API-schema-based TOD dataset MultiWOZ-API with API query and DB result annotation based on MultiWOZ 2.1. We then propose MSTOD and CSTOD for multi-domain and cross-domain TOD systems, respectively. We perform extensive qualitative experiments to verify the effectiveness of our proposed framework. We find the following. (1) Scalability across multiple domains: MSTOD achieves 2% improvements than the previous state-of-the-art in the multi-domain TOD. (2) Scalability to new domains: our framework enables satisfying generalization capability to new domains, a significant margin of 10% to existing baselines.

The Criticality of Foreign Direct Investment on Financial Development: A Case Study of Pakistan

Economic growth and financial development are fueled by foreign direct investment. It is curial for emerging markets and developing economies. The relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and financial development (FD) in Pakistan between 2001 and 2020 is empirically surveyed in this study. We have taken the Financial development (domestic credit to private sector % of GDP) as our dependent variable while FDI, (net inflows % of GDP), trade openness (TO), population growth (PG) and inflation (INF) as our independent variables. We extracted our all data of our variables from World Bank (WDI). Augmented Ducky fuller (ADF) and Philips Peron (PP) has been used to check the stationarity of data before using ARDL. Furthermore; we have applied Long Run Bound Test in order to know the long run relation. The findings indicate that foreign direct investment (FDI) and population growth (PG) have positively impact on financial development (FD). Additionally, the study finds that, in the case of Pakistan, trade openness (TO) is insignificant to financial development whereas inflation (INF) have a negatively significant. We applied Cusum and Cusum square test for model stability. The results of stability test show that our model is stable as are plots are within the critical bound. The study will help to design such policy that will attain specific goals to enhance foreign direct investment and financial development. It is anticipated that the findings would provide empirical insights and practical consequences for scholars and policy makers.

Quality Improvement for Invisible Watermarking using Singular Value Decomposition and Discrete Cosine Transform

Image watermarking is a sophisticated method often used to assert ownership and ensure the integrity of digital images. This research aimed to propose and evaluate an advanced watermarking technique that utilizes a combination of singular value decomposition methodology and discrete cosine transformation to embed the Dian Nuswantoro University symbol as proof of ownership into digital images. Specific goals included optimizing the embedding process to ensure high fidelity of the embedded watermark and evaluating the fuzziness of the watermark to maintain the visual quality of the watermarked image. The methods used in this research were singular value decomposition and discrete cosine transformation, which are implemented because of their complementary strengths. Singular value decomposition offers robustness and stability, while discrete cosine transformation provides efficient frequency domain transformation, thereby increasing the overall effectiveness of the watermarking process. The results of this study showed the efficacy of the Lena image technique in gray scale having a mean square error of 0.0001, a high peak signal-to-noise ratio of 89.13 decibels (dB), a universal quality index of 0.9945, and a similarity index structural of 0.999. These findings confirmed that the proposed approach maintains image quality while providing watermarking resistance. In conclusion, this research contributed a new watermarking technique designed to verify institutional ownership in digital images, specifically benefiting Dian Nuswantoro University. It showed significant potential for wider application in digital rights management.