Goal Commitment Research Articles

A Mixed Methods Analysis of Patient Adherence to Home-Based Physical Therapy Exercises

Objective:The purpose of this study was to explore how a variety of personal and provider factors might be related to adherence to home-based exercises in a rehabilitation setting.Methods:This study used survey methodology and mixed methods analyses to examine adherence to home-based exercises among a sample (N= 117) of outpatient physical therapy patients.Findings:Hierarchical logistic regression determined previous adherence to home-based exercises, self-efficacy, motivation, and social support-explained significant variance (56%) in adherence to current home exercise prescription. Additional variables that had small but significant contributions were sex, education, and therapeutic alliance. Qualitative content analyses found participants frequently reported a lack of time as a barrier and indicated receiving both emotional and instrumental forms of social support; they also highlighted the importance of good communication with the therapist.Conclusions:A useful strategy to prepare patients for being adherent to home-based exercises is multistage goal setting, and rehabilitation educators and professionals might consider how to incorporate effective goal setting into curriculum and practice in order to prepare patients for potential barriers, develop self-efficacy, and identify social supports who can assist in goal commitment and achievement.

Being a focused employee: Effects of job reattachment on cyberloafing.

Cyberloafing, the use of the Internet for non-work-related activities while at work, has become a growing problem in the workplace. Since cyberloafing is commonly regarded as counterproductive, anticipating and controlling employees' cyberloafing behaviour is becoming increasingly important. Previous research suggests that individuals who engage in cyberloafing may have difficulties regulating their attention to important tasks. Based on self-regulation theory, our study examines the influence of job reattachment on cyberloafing through the mediating role of mindfulness and the moderating role of goal commitment. Data for this study were collected in China through surveys conducted with 275 employees at three different time points. The results showed that: (1) job reattachment was significantly negatively associated with cyberloafing; (2) mindfulness mediated this relationship between job reattachment and cyberloafing; and (3) goal commitment moderated the direct effect of job reattachment on mindfulness as well as the indirect effect of job reattachment on cyberloafing through mindfulness. Overall, our research findings emphasize the importance of the impact of job reattachment on cyberloafing through mindfulness. Theoretical and practical implications of this study are discussed.

Is a boundary a barrier? Cross-contextual spillover of tourists’ pro-environmental behaviours

ABSTRACT This study aims to examine the spillover effect of an individual’s household pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs) on his or her PEBs in the tourism context. Study 1 employed a longitudinal study design to examine the relationship between household PEBs and tourism PEBs. Additionally, an on-site survey was conducted in Study 2 to explore the mediating effect and boundary condition of the cross-contextual spillover effect of household PEBs on tourism PEBs utilising a propensity score weighting structural equation model. Our findings revealed a positive cross-contextual spillover effect between household PEBs and tourism PEBs. Importantly, we identified goal commitment as a pivotal factor that partially mediates this spillover process. Notably, this mediating effect is most pronounced when tourists exhibit lower levels of segmentation preference and relative deprivation. These factors serve as critical boundary conditions that modulate the strength and direction of the observed spillover effect.

Goal Commitment as Mediator of Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Career Decision Difficulties among Vocational High School Students

Vocational high school students were provided with a curriculum designed to facilitate their transition into the workforce. Elicitation studies have indicated that vocational high school students experience difficulties in making career decisions. The internship program is designed to enhance students' emotional intelligence and goal commitment, thereby preventing career decision-making difficulties. This research aims to investigate the mediating effect of goal commitment in the relationship between emotional intelligence and career decision-making difficulties. This quantitative correlational research was conducted in a vocational high school in Bogor with a total of 173 participants using a self-report questionnaire of CDDQ, TEIQue-SF, and HWK Scale. Mediation analysis was processed using Hayes PROCESS. Results showed that goal commitment plays a partial mediation role in the relationship between emotional intelligence and career decision-making difficulties (c’ = -0.19, p < 0.001; c = -0.25, p < 0.001). This research will also present the limitations and suggestions for future study.

How does budget participation affect managerial performance in the higher education sector? A mediated-moderated model

PurposeEmployee participation in budgeting enhances motivation and commitment, leading to better performance by enhancing ownership. Within Iraqi higher education institutions (HEIs), the current investigation delves into the influence of participative budgeting on managerial performance. Drawing upon goal-setting theory, this study discerns budget goal commitment as a mediating variable while also examining directive leadership as a moderator in the dynamics of this association.Design/methodology/approachThe current study used partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 4.0. 373 questionnaires were collected from managers in Iraqi public universities, with 58.37% responding.FindingsThe findings show that budget goal commitment partially mediates the connection between budget participation and managerial performance. Furthermore, the results showed that directive leadership increases the positive associations between budget goal commitment and managerial performance.Originality/valueThis study expands the existing literature by shedding light on the mediating role of budget goal commitment and the moderating influence of directive leadership. It also enriches the discourse in management accounting by providing a more elucidation of how employee involvement in the budgeting process enhances managerial performance.

The impacts of relevance of recommendations and goal commitment on user experience in news recommender design

The impacts of relevance of recommendations and goal commitment on user experience in news recommender design

When and How does in‐role pro‐environmental behavior spill over to extra‐role behavior: Two experimental studies in the retail and education industries

AbstractBy integrating theories of goal proximity and crowding‐out, this research investigates how and when employees' performance of in‐role pro‐environmental behaviors will spill over to future engagement in extra‐role pro‐environmental behaviors. Using two experiments with employees from the retail (N = 338) and education (N = 448) industries, we found a conditional positive spillover effect, mediated by pro‐environmental goal commitment. More specifically, when employees with low intrinsic pro‐environmental motivation received feedback that they had progressed in their in‐role pro‐environmental performance, their extra‐role pro‐environmental behavior intentions increased due to an increased commitment to the pro‐environmental goal. However, when employees had high intrinsic pro‐environmental motivation, this spillover effect was negative (Study 1) or non‐significant (Study 2). To summarize, the positive spillover effect only occurs when employees are not highly intrinsically motivated. Our findings uncover a missing piece in organizational environmental management literature and carry important implications for employee‐oriented initiatives.

Taxonomy of purposes, principles, forms, technologies in on-line education: comparative analysis of virtual universities: pedagogical aspects

Importance. The paper presents the findings of comparative pedagogical research done against the backdrop of new tendencies and developments on the global learning landscape. With the pandemic pushing universities online and ensuing digitalization of educational environment with a flurry of multi aspect virtual learning activities, there has emerged a growing need for reliable criteria to assess effectiveness and efficiency in higher education. The research is aimed to build the taxonomy of virtual universities purposes with the focus on the paramount principles, educational forms and technologies they employ.Research Methods. The research methods involved comparative, descriptive, inductive-deductive ones, typical of comparative pedagogy. We studied the purposes, principles, forms and technologies used by the following virtual universities: The UK’s Open University), Canadian Virtual University (CVU), The University of Phoenix (UoP), The Virtual University for Small States of The Commonwealth (VUSSC), The Virtual University of Pakistan.Results and Discussion. The research enabled us to aggregate, analyze and compartmentalize the data on purposes, principles, forms and technologies of different virtual universities, which offers a new viewpoint on i-learning in a new setting. The purposes of virtual universities are presented in the hierarchical order in compliance with the goal-setting levels: expediency, focus (purposes on this level are differentiated according to the type of activity: educational, pedagogical, maintaining and organizational) and goal commitment. We identified a set of basic principles regulating academic activity of virtual universities in the digitalization context of education, described the most popular forms and technologies employed and specified priority activities of virtual universities.Conclusion. The taxonomy of purposes and paramount principles of virtual universities educational activities make these activities unique. The number of factors and variables defining the educational activities of virtual universities is growing, still the ability to choose the learning route which fits a certain individual has always been and will remain important. Tailored learning style (built on individual preferences in the ways of information searching and processing) suggests an opportunity to adjust the situation and learning material to your needs and thus become more efficient in obtaining new information and skills.

Goal commitment is supported by vmPFC through selective attention

When striking a balance between commitment to a goal and flexibility in the face of better options, people often demonstrate strong goal perseveration. Here, using functional MRI (n = 30) and lesion patient (n = 26) studies, we argue that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) drives goal commitment linked to changes in goal-directed selective attention. Participants performed an incremental goal pursuit task involving sequential decisions between persisting with a goal versus abandoning progress for better alternative options. Individuals with stronger goal perseveration showed higher goal-directed attention in an interleaved attention task. Increasing goal-directed attention also affected abandonment decisions: while pursuing a goal, people lost their sensitivity to valuable alternative goals while remaining more sensitive to changes in the current goal. In a healthy population, individual differences in both commitment biases and goal-oriented attention were predicted by baseline goal-related activity in the vmPFC. Among lesion patients, vmPFC damage reduced goal commitment, leading to a performance benefit.

An image of what I want to achieve: How visions motivate goal pursuit

In a rapidly changing world, leaders are constantly searching for effective ways to motivate employees and drive change. Management scholars agree that an essential tool for inspiring and motivating employees is to communicate a clear vision of the future. Yet, there remains a significant gap in understanding how and why visions actually move individuals to action. The current study investigated the effects of visions on goal-pursuit in comparison to merely listing a “superordinate goal.” We argue that visions, that are high in mental imagery, are motivationally effective because (a) visions evoke positive affect, (b) vision-evoked positive affect spills over to goals derived from the vision, leading to affectively charged goals, (c) affectively charged goals are predictive of increased commitment, and (d) increased commitment contributes to goal progress. In a first experimental study (N = 128), the findings suggest that visions and vision-derived goals were both higher in positive affect than our control condition. In a second experimental study (N = 323), we replicated our results from Study 1. In addition, we extended these findings and showed that visions predict goal progress via vision-evoked positive affect, positive anticipatory affect related to prospective vision-derived goal attainment, and goal commitment. Taken together, our studies contribute to research on visions and goals by showing that visions exert their motivational effects by affectively charging activities related to them. From a practical perspective, our studies highlight the importance of visions as an effective tool in motivating work-related behaviors.

Roles of parents in life satisfaction and educational hope among Chinese high school students.

The well-being of the Chinese high school students linked to the National Higher Education Entrance Examination, known as gaokao, has been a spotlight education issue in China. This study employed self-determination theory and Bourdieu's sociocultural theory to examine the relationship between life satisfaction, educational hope, and parental support among Chinese high school students. A number of 3,810 high school students from eight schools in Jiangsu, China, completed a validated context-relevant questionnaire. Structural equation model analysis suggested that parental support significantly impacted students' life satisfaction and educational hope. Findings showed that parental intangible support in terms of providing information, advice, encouragement, praise, and care has a direct and significant impact on the life satisfaction of Chinese youth. The extent to which students attach importance to and put effort into achieving their educational aspirations, known as goal commitment, mediated the relationship between parental support and life satisfaction. Moreover, Chinese high school students' educational hope is shaped by their family. Parental support moderates goal commitment, which varies based on parental education background. In short, parents play a critical role in the growth and development of Chinese high school students.

How does ethical leadership influence work engagement in project-based organizations? A sensemaking perspective

PurposeProject-based organizations (PBOs) face challenges to enhance employee work engagement because of dynamic and constant role configuration. Accordingly, this study aims to explore how ethical leadership enhances employee work engagement from a sensemaking perspective.Design/methodology/approachThis study used a questionnaire-based quantitative research design to collect data from 194 full-time employees in PBOs. The data were analyzed via partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique to test hypotheses.FindingsThe findings show a positive relationship between ethical leadership and work engagement. Additionally, the relationship between ethical leadership and work engagement is mediated by two sensemaking mechanisms, i.e. goal commitment and prosocial.Originality/valueThis study deepens the understanding of how ethical leadership enhances work engagement in PBOs by providing two sensemaking mechanisms. By exploring the sensemaking process through which ethical leaders help employees construct identity, the findings contribute to the current literature on how ethical leadership enhances work engagement in PBOs.

A cross‐cultural latent profile analysis of university students' cognitive test anxiety and related cognitive‐motivational factors

AbstractThe successful treatment of test anxiety treatment requires an understanding of the unique barriers and challenges faced by test‐anxious students. Therefore, the current study utilized a combination of person‐centered and qualitative methods to investigate the existence of unique subpopulations or subtypes of test‐anxious students within Turkish and United States student samples. University students (N = 422) completed measures of cognitive test anxiety, self‐efficacy, academic buoyancy, failure appraisal, academic self‐handicapping, and goal commitment. Participants also completed open‐ended questions assessing facilitators and inhibitors of academic success. The results of a multigroup latent profile analysis identified four learner subtypes in both the Turkish and United States samples. However, our analyses revealed structural differences in latent profiles identified in two cultural contexts. Furthermore, the qualitative results emphasized the importance of self‐regulated learning, buoyancy, goal commitment, and self‐actualization to academic success. Our discussion emphasizes the importance of considering learners' unique characteristics when designing educational supports.

Increasing Employee Physical Activity Using Goal Setting and a Smartphone App.

Physical inactivity is a high-priority public health issue in U.S. worksites. There is evidence that physical activity (PA) goal-setting interventions can be effective. Smartphone apps have also been used to deliver accessible and appealing PA interventions. This article describes the use of goal setting and a no-cost PA smartphone app to pilot an 8-week PA intervention, Project Move 2.0, to increase PA among a nonprofit health and social assistance workforce. The community-based partnership identified intervention strategies that addressed moderators for setting PA goals: feedback, goal commitment, situational factors, and ability. The intervention included the use of a no-cost smartphone app for tracking steps/goal setting, an orientation/health education session, weekly text messages, as well as pre- and post-measures for goal setting for PA behaviors and an intervention evaluation questionnaire. There is limited knowledge on the practical aspects of applying goal setting and the use of a no-cost smartphone app to increase employee PA through a workplace PA intervention. Applying goal setting and the use of a no-cost smartphone app shows promise for workplace health promoters to successfully address employee PA.

Relationships among the volitional strategies, task values, and goal commitment of remedial teaching teachers and differences in teaching experience and professional background

Relationships among the volitional strategies, task values, and goal commitment of remedial teaching teachers and differences in teaching experience and professional background

Causality orientations and spontaneous mental contrasting

Mental contrasting is a motivational behavior change strategy necessary for strong goal commitment. Meanwhile, general causality orientations are motivational patterns that represent individuals’ motivation for behavior change and the reason for their goal commitment. The current study explored whether causality orientations predict spontaneous mental contrasting in Chinese university students. Study 1 investigated whether academic autonomy, control, and amotivated orientations correlate with spontaneous mental contrasting about an important academic goal. The findings of Study 1 reveal that autonomy orientation did not correlate with mental contrasting, whereas control and amotivated orientations were negatively correlated with mental contrasting. Study 2 investigated whether priming autonomy and control orientations, in addition to the neutral condition, would induce spontaneous mental contrasting about an academic goal related to the students’ research topic. The results of Study 2 revealed that the autonomy condition orientation did not differ significantly from the controlled orientation condition. However, when compared to the neutral condition, the autonomy condition significantly predicted mental contrasting, whereas the controlled orientation condition did not show any significant difference. In Study 2, the autonomy-oriented participants generated more spontaneous mental contrast than the control orientation and neutral conditions. The findings show that controlled and amotivated orientations predicted negative mental contrasting. As a result, controlled and amotivated students must learn how to use mental contrasting to achieve high levels of goal commitment and achievement. Lastly, the study discussed its implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research.

Workplace coaching: study tests if Big Five personality traits and their ABCD components predictauthentic self-development

PurposeThis paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.Design/methodology/approachThis briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.FindingsA study explored whether the Big Five personality traits and their affective, behavioral, cognitive and desire components (ABCD) components were relevant to authentic self-development (ASD) through workplace coaching. The authors assessed the personalities of 176 clients both before and after they worked with coaches. Results showed higher levels of mean AB mediated associations between personality and perceived competence and goal commitment, Personality predicted goal self-concordance, but these effects were not mediated by AB. Meanwhile, neither personality nor AB predicted goal stability.Originality/valueThe briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Organisational climate and managerial performance: the mediating role of goal commitment

Organisational climate and managerial performance: the mediating role of goal commitment

Organizational climate and managerial performance: the mediating role of goal commitment

Organizational climate and managerial performance: the mediating role of goal commitment

임파워링 리더십이 직무몰입에 미치는 영향 : 목표몰입의 매개효과와 평가염려 완벽주의의 조절효과

임파워링 리더십이 직무몰입에 미치는 영향 : 목표몰입의 매개효과와 평가염려 완벽주의의 조절효과