Glycidyl Methacrylate Content Research Articles

High-capacity anion exchangers based on poly (glycidylmethacrylate-divinylbenzene) microspheres for ion chromatography

Poly (glycidylmethacrylate-divinylbenzene) microspheres were prepared by the two-staged swelling and polymerization method and applied to prepare anion exchange stationary phases. Methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine and triethylamine were selected to prepare the quaternary ammonium groups of anion exchangers, respectively. The diameters and surface characteristics of microspheres were measured by scanning electron microscope and nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements. The anion exchangers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrum, elemental analysis and breakthrough curve methods. The chromatographic performances of anion exchangers were illustrated by separating conventional anions, organic weak acids and carbohydrates. The results indicated that the anion exchange capacities were controllable by changing either the content of glycidylmethacrylate in microspheres or the number of bonded quaternary ammonium layer. Meanwhile, the substituents of quaternary ammonium groups greatly influenced the separation properties of anion exchangers. Finally, the three-layer methylamine-quaternized anion exchanger was successfully applied for the determination of fluoride in tea sample. The content of fluoride was detected to be 0.13mgg−1 without the interference of acetate and formate.

Selective removal of nitrogen compounds from gas oil using functionalized polymeric adsorbents: Efficient approach towards improving denitrogenation of petroleum feedstock

A major challenge in achieving deep hydrodesulfurization with the conventional hydrotreating technology is the inhibition and deactivation of the catalyst caused by heterocyclic nitrogen compounds. In this research, novel polymeric adsorbents were introduced for the selective removal of nitrogen compounds from bitumen-derived light gas oil. Synthesis of polymers with high internal phase emulsion (polyHIPEs) was carried out using a monomeric mixture of unsaturated polyester resin, glycidyl methacrylate and divinylbenzene. To facilitate the selective removal of nitrogen compounds, reactive epoxy groups present in glycidyl methacrylate were used to functionalize the polyHIPEs with a fluorenone based π-acceptor, 2,4,5,7-tetranitro-9-fluorenone (TENF). Successful application of the synthesized polymers was found in the batch adsorption experiments at ambient temperature. Functionalized polyHIPEs were capable of selectively adsorbing nitrogen species from light gas oil. The optimum ratio of monomers was found to be one of the key factors in determining the polymer performance. Particles with high glycidyl methacrylate content with toluene as the porogenic solvent were capable of removing 14.6% of nitrogen compounds. Reusability studies were performed successfully by regenerating the used polymers with toluene; which aids the separation of complexing agent and the adsorbed nitrogen species.

Influence of Glycidyl Methacrylate Grafting on the Mechanical, Water Absorption, and Thermal Properties of Recycled High-Density Polyethylene/Rubber Seed Shell Particle Composites

Rubber seed shell (RSS) was modified by grafting treatment using glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) at various concentrations. The RSS was then used to reinforce high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The effects of modification on the mechanical, water absorption, and thermal properties of the RSS/HDPE composites were studied using a mechanical testing instrument, weighing method, Vicat softening temperature (VST) testing, thermogravimetry, and dynamic mechanical analysis. The results showed that the GMA grafting produced an improvement in the flexural and tensile properties of the composites. The water absorption rate of the composites also had an obvious decrease. While a slight increase in VST was found, the various concentrations of GMA showed no improvement in VST. GMA modification also could elevate the thermal stability of the composites at the initial decomposition stage. The optimum grafting concentration of GMA (2.5%) led to the lowest thermal weight loss (37.07% and 26.56%) during the first and second decomposition stages. The E’ values of the composites had a significant increase with the addition of GMA. There were two peaks of tan δ for the untreated samples, but the modified samples exhibited a shift in the transition peak at higher temperatures; moreover, the second peak disappeared.

Characterization of Anion Exchange Membrane Containing Epoxy Ring and C–Cl Bond Quaternized by Various Amine Groups for Application in Fuel Cells

Anion exchange membranes were synthesized from different compositions of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC), with constant content of divinyl benzene (DVB) by radical polymerization using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) on non-woven polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. Polymerized membranes were then quaternized by soaking in trimethylamine (TMA), triethylamine (TEA), tripropylamine (TPA), and 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO). Characteristics of membranes were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, water uptake, ion exchange capacity, ion conductivity, thermal, and alkaline stability. The results revealed that membranes quaternized by TPA and DABCO showed high affinity when GMA content was 15 wt% and 75 wt%, respectively. IEC and ion conductivity of membranes quaternized by TPA were 1.34 meq·g−1 and 0.022 S·cm−1 (at 60 °C), respectively. IEC and ion conductivity of membranes were quaternized by DABCO were 1.34 meq·g−1 and 0.021 S·cm−1 (at 60 °C), respectively. The results indicate that the membrane containing GMA 15 wt% quaternized by TPA showed the highest thermal stability among membranes and exhibited high ion conductivity compared to existing researches using GMA, VBC, and DVB monomers.

Preparation and characterization of UV-curable copolymers containing alkali soluble carboxyl pendant for negative photoresist

tert-Butyl acrylate (TBA), benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) and acrylic acid (AA) were used to synthesize prepolymer (PTBA) with carboxyl pendant through free-radical polymerization. Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was then added to react with carboxylic acid group of PTBA to form UV-curable copolymer PTBA-G. Proton Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to confirm the structure and functional group of prepolymer and copolymer, GPC was employed to determine the molecular weight and polydispersity. Real-time infrared and photo differential scanning calorimetry (photo-DSC) were used to evaluate the UV-curable kinetics of copolymer, thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed the thermal stability of the copolymers increased as the GMA content increase. When the ratio of GMA and AA was 0.3, it showed excellent resolution of 50 μm by SEM observation.

Effect of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) content on thermal and mechanical properties of ternary blend systems based on cardanol-based vinyl ester resin, styrene and glycidyl methacrylate

Abstract Cardanol-based vinyl ester resin (CVER) was prepared by reacting indigenously synthesized cardanol-based epoxidized novolac resin (CENR) with methacrylic acid (MA) in the presence of triphenylphosphine as catalyst. Five samples of cardanol-based vinyl ester resin containing styrene and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), as diluents, in the weight ratios 40:0, 30:10, 20:20, 10:30 and 0:40 were prepared at room temperature. Sharp exotherms were observed in DSC scans in the temperature range of 60–170 °C. The onset temperature ( T onset ), peak exothermic temperature ( T p ) and completion temperature ( T stop ) decreased with increase in GMA content in the ternary blend systems of CVER/styrene/GMA. A broad exotherm was observed after the initial sharp exotherm that was attributed to the etherification reaction. Cured samples were found to be stable up to 205–235 °C and started loosing weight above this temperature. Rapid decomposition was observed in the temperature range of 400–550 °C as evidenced by TGA analysis. Increase of GMA content in ternary blend systems of CVER/styrene/GMA lowered the tensile strength progressively and enhanced the impact strength and elongation-at-break. The cured films of VER containing mixture of styrene and GMA exhibited good gloss and impact resistance. The chemical resistance of cured films of VER containing mixture of styrene and GMA showed good resistance to acids, deionized water, synthetic sea water and mineral turpentine oil.

Short vegetal-fiber reinforced HDPE—A study of electron-beam radiation treatment effects on mechanical and morphological properties

Abstract The effects of electron-beam radiation treatment on fiber-matrix adhesion and mechanical properties of short piassava fibers reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix were studied. Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was added at 2.5% and 5.0% (on piassava fiber wt) as a cross-linking agent and the effects upon the properties of the resulting composites treated by electron-beam radiation were also examined. HDPE reinforced with short piassava fiber composites was prepared by melt-mixing processing, using a twin screw extruder machine. The materials were irradiated with 100 and 200 kGy using a 1.5 MeV electron beam accelerator, at room temperature in presence of air. Material samples were submitted to mechanical and thermo-mechanical tests and SEM analyses. Correlation between properties was discussed. The comparison of mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties of the composites showed that electron-beam radiation treatment produced a significant improvement in mechanical properties, when compared with the non-irradiated composite sample and neat HDPE. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies of the composite failure surfaces indicated that there was an improved adhesion between fiber and matrix. Examination of the failure surfaces indicated dependence of the interfacial adhesion upon the radiation dose and GMA content. Better interfacial adhesion between fiber and HDPE matrix was observed for composites with 5.0% GMA addition and treated with electron-beam radiation dose of 200 kGy. It can be concluded that GMA addition followed by electron-beam irradiation treatment, at the doses studied in this work, effectively improved the HDPE properties and led to the obtaining of composite materials with superior properties suitable for several industrial applications.

New terpolymers from n-butyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate: Synthesis, characterisation and estimation of reactivity ratios

Development and practical application of multicomponent copolymerisation systems, such as terpolymerisation, is an on-going process because even a small addition of a particular comonomer may have a significant impact on the desired property. Commonly, three separate pairs of binary polymerisation experiments are carried out to obtain monomer reactivity ratios (MRR) values that relates to the ternary polymerisation reactions. However, the reaction conditions in each binary system may not be representative of the whole ternary system. The error-in-variables model (EVM) method is a relatively recent statistical approach to solving multi-response parameter estimation problems, with the advantage that all MRR parameters can be directly estimated from terpolymerisation data. New ternary copolymers derived from n-butyl acrylate (nBA), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate (THFA) were synthesised in solution at 70±1 °C in the presence of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as a free radical initiator. The terpolymers were characterised by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and FTIR spectroscopic techniques. The terpolymer compositions were determined using 1H NMR analysis. The polydispersities of the terpolymers with values between 1.66 and 1.85 suggest a strong tendency for chain termination by disproportionation. The glass transition temperatures of the terpolymers are found to be between those of the corresponding homopolymers and relative to their content. Increase in the nBA or THFA contents and decrease in the GMA content in terpolymers results in a decrease in the glass transition temperatures. The determination of MRR for the ternary system was obtained by employing the EVM model. Experimental terpolymerisation data agree well with calculations based on the Alfrey-Goldfinger equation and the unitary and binary azeotropes were calculated.

Modification and characterization of the poly(vinyl chloride)/thermoplastic polyurethane foam composite material

The polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) foam composite was modified by glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) innovative and prepared by sheet molding method with foaming agent azodicarbon amide (AC) and crosslinking agent bis‐tert‐butylperoxy diisopropylbenzene (BIPB). The properties of PVC/TPU foam composites effected by GMA content were investigated by the density, impact, tensile, and flexible test. The experiment indicated that with the addition of GMA, the impact strength tensile strength and flexible modulus were firstly rose to maximum at a fast rate and then decreased slightly. The properties significantly increased at a low content of modifier GMA. The results observed by differential scanning calorimetry indicated that new crosslinking network between PVC and TUP formed after the addition of GMA. The foam quality and cell morphology were studied by SEM and then statistics. With the addition of 0.6 phr BIPB and 0.5 phr GMA, the cell size of PVC/TPU composite is 80–130 μm and cell wall is 10–15 μm. Furthermore, the cells have more uniform distribution and fewer collapse when compared with the material without GMA. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:1716–1722, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers

Miscibility, morphology, mechanical, and thermodynamic properties of epoxy resins toughened with functionalized core-shell nanoparticles containing epoxy groups on the surface

Purpose – In order to obtain functionalized core-shell nanoparticles (CSNPs) as excellent toughening agents for epoxy resins. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Functionalized CSNPs containing epoxy groups on the surface were synthesized by emulsion polymerization with butyl acrylate as the core and methyl methacrylate copolymerizing with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as the shell. CSNPs were used as toughening agents for epoxy resins and their chemical structure was characterized by FT-IR. The morphology of modified epoxy networks (MEPN) was analyzed by SEM and TEM. Both the mechanical properties and thermodynamic properties were studied. Findings – The results show that nearly spherical CSNPs with the particle size of 50-100 nm are obtained. A certain amount of CSNPs are uniformly dispersed in epoxy resins by the grinding method and the MEPN shows the ductile fracture feature. The miscibility between CSNPs and epoxy matrix increases with the increase of GMA concentration which makes more bonds form between them. Epoxy resins toughened with 10 wt% CSNPs containing 10 wt% GMA show the best mechanical properties and the increase in tensile strength and impact strength of the MEPN is 13.5 and 59.7 percent, respectively, over the unmodified epoxy networks. And the improvement in impact strength is not accompanied with loss of thermal resistance. Practical implications – The MEPN can be used as high-performance materials such as adhesives, sealants and matrixes of composites. Originality/value – The functionalized CSNPs are novel and it can greatly increase the toughness of epoxy resins without loss of thermal resistance.

Micromorphology and mechanism of polyurethane/polyacrylate membranes modified with epoxide group

Polyurethane/polyacrylate (PUA) composite emulsions were synthesized based on the presence of preformed polyurethane chains. Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), an acrylate monomer, was introduced into the system. Surface tension measurements assured the surface activities of the polyurethane emulsion. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) result showed that the average diameters and polydispersity were increased with the increment of GMA content. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) result indicated that the upper surface was rich in PU phase. The peak deconvolution results of XPS also confirmed the formation of PUA. The crosslinking degree and tensile strength were both enhanced due to the reaction between the carboxyl groups and the epoxide groups. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) of the membranes showed that the thermal stability enhanced and the decomposition temperature was much higher than the pure PU membrane. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, together with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results, demonstrated the amorphous nature of the PU matrix. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) observation performed the extremely flat membrane.

Grafting of glycidyl methacrylate onto isotactic polybutene-1 initiated by di-tert-butyl peroxide

In this study, isotactic polybutene-1 (iPB) was functionalized with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) using di-tert-butyl peroxide as an initiator via a radical-initiated melt grafting reaction, while styrene (St) was used as a comonomer to enhance the grafting reaction. The effect of temperature, concentration of initial GMA and peroxide, and the addition of St comonomer on the final grafting degree, grafting efficiency, and the melt flow rate of the grafted polymer were studied. The results indicated that St was an effective comonomer. Moreover, the GMA grafted iPB had higher crystallization temperature and faster crystallization rate compared with the unmodified iPB based on the differential scanning calorimetric tests.

Poly(vinylbenzyl chloride-glycidyl methacrylate)/Polyethylene Composite Anion Exchange Membranes for Vanadium Redox Battery Application

Anion exchange membranes for a vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) were prepared by pore-filling on a PE substrate with the copolymerization of vinylbenzyl chloride (VBC) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). The ion exchange capacity, water uptake and weight gain ratio were increased with a similar tendency up to 65% of GMA content, indicating that the monomer improved the pore-filling degree and membrane properties. The vanadium ion permeability and open-circuit voltage were also investigated. The permeability of the VG65 membrane was only 1.23 × 10 cm min compared to 17.9 × 10 cm min for Nafion 117 and 1.8 × 10 cm min for AMV. Consequently, a VRB single cell using the prepared membrane showed higher energy efficiency (over 80%) of up to 100 cycles compared to the commercial membranes, Nafion 117 (ca. 58%) and AMV (ca. 70%).

Methacrylate-based Diol Monolithic Stationary Phase for the Separation of Polar and Non-Polar Compounds in Capillary Liquid Chromatography

A monolithic capillary column prepared with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) was investigated and used in capillary liquid chromatography. The polymer monolith was synthesized in the presence of methanol and decanol as the biporogenic solvents by in situ polymerization of GMA and PEGDMA, and the optimum composition of monomer and porogen was investigated. After polymerization, glycidyl groups were hydrolyzed with sulfuric acid to produce diol groups at the surface of the porous monolith via epoxy-ring-opening. The GMA content in the polymerization mixture affected the hydrophilicity of the monolith. The separation capability was evaluated by separation of phenol compounds, phthalic acids, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The poly(GMA-PEGDMA) monolithic capillary column exhibited satisfactory stability.

Influence of core–shell particles structure on the morphology and brittle‐ductile transition of PBT/ABS‐g‐GMA blends

AbstractThe performance of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) functionalized acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene core–shell impact modifiers (R‐ABS) with varied GMA content, crosslinking degree of rubber phase, core–shell ratio, and initiator type in toughening of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) was investigated. Results show that 1 wt% GMA is sufficient to induce a pronounced improvement of the impact strength of PBT and too much GMA induces the crosslinking of R‐ABS. Divinylbenzene improves the crosslinking degree of polybutadiene and decreases its cavitation ability. The brittle‐ductile transition shifts to higher R‐ABS content. When the core–shell ratio of R‐ABS is beyond 70/30, compatibilization reaction is not sufficient to retard the agglomeration of core–shell particles. R‐ABS particles with the core–shell ratio between 50/50 and 60/40 are suitable. Initiator type can influence the internal structure of R‐ABS. For R‐ABS prepared with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator, big subinclusion structure decreases its toughening ability. R‐ABS prepared with redox initiator shows better toughening behavior. POLYM. COMPOS., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers

Iminodiacetic acid functionalised organopolymer monoliths: application to the separation of metal cations by capillary high-performance chelation ion chromatography

Lauryl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate monoliths were polymerised within fused silica capillaries and subsequently photo-grafted with varying amounts of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). The grafted monoliths were then further modified with iminodiacetic acid (IDA), resulting in a range of chelating ion-exchange monoliths of increasing capacity. The IDA functional groups were attached via ring opening of the epoxy group on the poly(GMA) structure. Increasing the amount of attached poly(GMA), via photo-grafting with increasing concentrations of GMA, from 15 to 35%, resulted in a proportional and controlled increase in the complexation capacity of the chelating monoliths. Scanning capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (sC(4)D) was used to characterise and verify homogenous distribution of the chelating ligand along the length of the capillaries non-invasively. Chelation ion chromatographic separations of selected transition and heavy metals were carried out, with retention factor data proportional to the concentration of grafted poly(GMA). Average peak efficiencies of close to 5,000 N/m were achieved, with the isocratic separation of Na, Mg(II), Mn(II), Co(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) possible on a 250-mm-long monolith. Multiple monolithic columns produced to the same recipes gave RSD data for retention factors of <15% (averaged for several metal ions). The monolithic chelating ion-exchanger was applied to the separation of alkaline earth and transition metal ions spiked in natural and potable waters.

Preparation and Application Properties Appraisement of Ecological Polyacrylate Pigment Binder

Five groups of polyacrylate dispersion are prepared with emulsion polymerization technique. Methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl acrylate (BA) and styrene (St) are employed as basic polymerizing monomers; acrylic acid (AA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as reactive monomers; sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), composite fatty alcohol ether polyethylene oxide (composite AEO) as emulsifier and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. The polymerizing monomers and their charge ratio, pH of pre-emulsions and product emulsions as well as the dosage of ecological cross linker GMA are changed for their effects on the reaction conversion rate, gelatinization rate and staining resistance, yellowing resistance and water tolerance of samples. The studies show that the pH value of pre-emulsion and product emulsion as well as GMA content act on remarkable effects on the application properties of the ecological polyacrylate pigment binder.

퍼플로오로알킬에틸아크릴레이트/아크릴레이트/그리시딜메타크릴레이트 공중합체의 유화중합 및 그들의 표면특성

플로오로 함유 아크릴 공중합체를 여러 가지 조성의 아크릴 단량체[AA : 에틸 아크릴레이트(EA), 부틸아크릴레이트(BA) 혹은 메틸메타크릴레이트(MMA)], 퍼플로오로알킬에틸 아크릴레이트(PFA) 및 그리시딜메타크릴레이트(GMA)로부터 유화중합법(유화제 : 소디움 도데실 설페이트/노닐페놀에톡실레이트)으로 합성하였다. 아크릴 단량체 중에서 BA를 사용한 경우 가장 낮은 표면에너지를 가진 아크릴 공중합체를 얻을 수 있었으며, 최적량의 단량체 조성(BA: 87 wt%, GMA : 8.7 wt% 및 PFA : 4.3 wt%)에서 얻은 공중합체의 표면에너지/물에 대한 접촉각/methylene iodide에 대한 접촉각은 19.89 mN/m /<TEX>$103.5^{\circ}$</TEX>/<TEX>$78.7^{\circ}$</TEX>로서 높은 표면활성을 지닌 것을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 얻은 최적의 아크릴 공중합체는 높은 발수 및 발유 표면 특성을 지닌 코팅소재로 활용할 수 있을 것이다. A series of acrylic copolymers containing perfluoroalkyl acrylate were synthesized by 2-step emulsion polymerization of variety of acrylate monomers (ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate or methyl methacrylate) with perfluoroalkyl ethyl acrylate (PFA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) monomers. This study focused on effects of monomer compositions (the kind of acrylate monomer, contents of PFA and GMA) and composition of surfactants [(sodium dodecyl sulphate/nonylphenol 10mole ethoxylate (NP-10)] and initiator content on the contact angles and surface free energy. It was found that the copolymer having an optimum composition (BA : 87 wt%, GMA : 8.7 wt% and PFA : 4.3 wt%) was shown to be quite surface active [surface free energy : 19.89 mN/m and contact angles : <TEX>$103.5^{\circ}$</TEX> (water) and <TEX>$78.7^{\circ}$</TEX> (methylene iodide)] in the solid state. This result suggests that the optimal copolymer containing fluorinated monomer synthesized in this study have high potential as a low surface energy material, which may have high oil- and water-repellent surface and have been proposed as acrylic syntan for leather and also as soil-resistant/oil and water repellent coating for textiles and wood etc.

Synthesis and characterization of new copolymers from glycidyl methacrylate and tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate: Determination of reactivity ratios

The new copolymers from different feed compositions of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate (THFA) were synthesized using free radical polymerization in toluene at 70±1 °C using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as initiator. The polymers were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and FTIR spectroscopic techniques. The polydispersities of the copolymers suggest a strong tendency for chain termination by disproportionation. The glass transition temperature of the copolymers increases with increase in GMA content. The thermal stability of the copolymers increases with increase in THFA content. The copolymer compositions were determined using 1H NMR analysis. Reactivity ratios for GMA and THFA as determined by the Mao-Huglin method were r1=0.379 and r2=0.266. The results showed that all these copolymerizations are strictly linear systems describable by the Mayo-Lewis equation based on the terminal model and that accurate reactivity ratio data can be obtained.

폴리에틸렌 표면에 글리시딜메타크릴레이트의 플라즈마 유도 그래프트 공중합

대기압 플라즈마 처리 및 글리시딜 메타크릴레이트(glycidyl methacrylate, GMA) 그래프트 공중합을 통해 폴리에틸렌(polyethylene, PE)의 표면을 개질하였다. 우선 RF-power, 플라즈마 처리시간, Ar의 유량, 처리 시편의 이동속도를 변화시켜 PE의 표면을 플라즈마 처리하고, 처리된 각 시편들의 접촉각 측정과 표면자유에너지 계산을 통하여 최적의 플라즈마 표면처리 조건을 구하였다. 그 결과 최적 표면처리 조건은 RF-power 200W, 플라즈마 처리시간 600 sec, Ar 유량 5 LPM, 처리 시편의 이동속도 20 mm/sec 이었다. 이 조건하에서 처리된 PE 표면에 GMA를 최대한 많이 도입하기 위하여 GMA 농도와 반응온도, 반응시간을 변수로 그래프트 공중합을 수행하였다. 반응전후 시편의 질량차이 분석을 통하여 각 시편들의 그래프트도(grafting degree, GD)를 측정하고, 가장 높은 GD를 얻을 수 있는 그래프트 공중합 반응조건을 결정하였다. 그 결과 GMA 최대 도입 조건은 GMA 농도 20 vol%, 반응온도 <TEX>$80^{\circ}C$</TEX>, 반응시간 4 hr 이었다. The surface of polyethylene (PE) was modified through Ar atmospheric pressure plasma treatment and subsequent grafting of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA). Optimum plasma treatment conditions were determined through analyzing the surface free energies calculated from the contact angles between PE samples and three probe liquids, which were RF-power of 200 W, plasma treatment time of 600 sec, Ar flow rate of 5 LPM, and sample-holder moving speed of 20 mm/sec. To introduce the maximum amount of GMA on PE surface treated under the conditions, graft copolymerization conditions such as GMA concentration, temperature, and time were carefully controlled. Grafting degree (GD) was obtained through weight difference analysis of PE film before and after graft copolymerization. A maximum GD was achieved at the GMA concentration of 20 vol%, the temperature of <TEX>$80^{\circ}C$</TEX>, and the treatment time of 4 hr.