Glutinosa Extract Research Articles

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated by Pulicaria glutinosa extract.

The green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) has attracted tremendous attention in recent years because these protocols are low cost and more environmentally friendly than standard methods of synthesis. In this article, we report a simple and eco-friendly method for the synthesis of silver NPs using an aqueous solution of Pulicaria glutinosa plant extract as a bioreductant. The as-prepared silver NPs were characterized using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Moreover, the effects of the concentration of the reductant (plant extract) and precursor solution (silver nitrate), the temperature on the morphology, and the kinetics of reaction were investigated. The results indicate that the size of the silver NPs varied as the plant extract concentration increased. The as-synthesized silver NPs were phase pure and well crystalline with a face-centered cubic structure. Further, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the plant extract not only acted as a bioreductant but also functionalized the NPs’ surfaces to act as a capping ligand to stabilize them in the solvent. The developed eco-friendly method for the synthesis of NPs could prove a better substitute for the physical and chemical methods currently used to prepare metallic NPs commonly used in cosmetics, foods, and medicines.

숙지황(Rehmannia glutinosa) 추출물의 생리활성

숙지황(Rehmannia glutinosa)으로부터 유용성분 추출은 40% 에탄올 추출물에서 <TEX>$5.1{\pm}0.2mg/g$</TEX>으로 가장 높은 phenolic compound 함량을 나타내었다. 숙지황 추출물의 항산화활성은 전자공여능의 경우 물 추출물과 40% ethanol 추출물 모두에서 85~93%의 높은 전자공여능이 확인되었으며, ABTS radical cation decolorization의 경우 물 추출물과 40% ethanol 추출물이 55~62%의 비슷한 수준의 항산화효과를 효과를 나타내었고, antioxidant protection factor (PF)는 <TEX>$200{\mu}g/ml$</TEX>의 농도에서 물 추출물과 40% ethanol 추출물 모두에서 1.6~1.9 PF의 높은 항산화력이 확인되었고, TBARs는 물 추출물과 40% ethanol 추출물이 비슷한 수준의 항산화효과를 효과를 나타내는 것으로 측정되었다. 숙지황 추출물의 고혈압억제효과는 물 추출물에서 87.2%, 40% ethanol 추출물에서 81.1%의 저해활성을 나타내었다. 관절염억제효과는 매우 낮게 측정 되었으며, 피부상재균에 대한 항균효과는 확인되었다. 숙지황 추출물의 tyrosinase 저해 활성은 40% ethanol 추출물에서 70%의 높은 저해효과가 확인되어 미백효과를 기대할 수 있었다. 주름 생성과 관련된 elastase 저해 효과는 물 추출물에서 76%, ethanol 추출물 57%의 높은 elastase 억제효과를 관찰할 수 있었다. 숙지황 추출물에 대한 hyaluronidase 저해활성은 40% ethanol 추출물에서만 <TEX>$200{\mu}g/ml$</TEX> phenolic의 농도에서 약 5%의 매우 낮은 hyaluronidase 저해활성을 나타내었다. The content phenolic compounds in extracts from Rehmannia glutinosa was the highest in 40% ethanol extracts as <TEX>$5.1{\pm}0.2mg/g$</TEX>. DPPH scavenging activity of R. glutinosa extracts was high in water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts as 85~93%, ABTS radical cation decolorization of water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts was about the same as 55~62%, antioxidant protection factor (PF) was confirmed in water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts as 1.6~1.9 PF, and TBARs of water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts were concluded to have the similar antioxidant effects. The hypertension inhibitory activity of water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts from R. glutinosa indicated the activities as 87.2% and 81.1%, anti-gout activity was determined very low in R. glutinosa extracts and antimicrobial activity against skin microorgasm was confirmed, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity was determined as 70.2% in 40% ethanol extracts, it was expected the whitening effects in 40% ethanol extracts. The elastase inhibitory activity which are related to the wrinkle cause was observed in water extracts and 40% ethanol extracts as 76.2% and 57.2%. The hyaluronidase inhibitory activity to R. glutinosa extracts was observed weakly in only 40% ethanol extracts of <TEX>$200{\mu}g/ml$</TEX> phenolic content as 5.1%.

Stimulation of cellular proliferation of human fibroblasts and human keratinocytes cell by Eclipta prostrata and Litsea glutinosa extracts

Stimulation of cellular proliferation is central mechanism within the complex physiology of wound healing. This study aimed to investigate the influence of extracts (EtOH 95%) from the aerial parts from Eclipta prostrata Linn. (Asteraceae) and of an aqueous extract from Litsea glutinosa C.B.Robinson (Lauraceae) leaves on the proliferation of primary human dermal fibroblasts and immortalized human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). Both plants are extensively used within Thai traditional medicine for wound healing.

Larvicidal activity of extracts from Artemisia species against Culex pipiens L. mosquito: Comparing endemic versus ubiquist species for effectiveness

The larvicidal activity of ethanolic leaf extracts from two Artemisia species, Artemisia campestris var. glutinosa and A. molinieri, on mosquito Culex pipiens Linnaeus (Diptera, Culicidae) larvae was investigated. Since A. molinieri is a rare and protected species confined to temporary ponds of Southern France, its toxic activity may help to value this species and to finance its conservation. A. molinieri extracts showed a higher larvicidal activity (from 50 ppm ( K = 9.488, DDL = 4, P < 0.001)) than those from A. campestris var glutinosa (from 500 ppm ( K = 9.488, DDL = 4, P < 0.01)) after 48 h of exposure. Calculated lethal concentrations, after 48 h of exposure, (LC 50) were low, 9091 and 9898 ppm for A. molinieri and A. campestris var. glutinosa extracts, respectively, but using a non-pollutant solvent (ethanol). However, A. molinieri may be valued as an environmentally friendly biocide and developing its culture may be of interest for both pesticide activity and conservation purpose.

Topical application of Rehmannia glutinosa extract inhibits mite allergen-induced atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mice

Rehmannia glutinosa is known in Asia as a traditional herbal medicine with anti-inflammatory properties. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease associated with enhanced T-helper 2 (Th2) lymphocyte responses to allergens that results in elevated serum IgE levels and leukocyte infiltration. Although some studies have shown that Rehmannia glutinosa extract (RGE) has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic activities, these properties have not been demonstrated in AD. This study investigated the effectiveness of RGE as a therapeutic candidate in an AD model as well as its underlying mechanism of action. The effects of RGE on mite allergen (Dermatophagoides farinae)-treated NC/Nga mice were evaluated by skin symptom severity, ear thickness, production of serum IgE and histamine, and expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules in the ear lesions. In addition, the levels of thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) produced in both TNF-α- and IFN-γ-stimulated human keratinocytes were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RGE treatment of NC/Nga mice significantly reduced dermatitis scores, ear thicknesses, and serum histamine levels. Histological analyses demonstrated decreased thickening of the epidermis/dermis as well as dermal infiltration by inflammatory cells. In the ear lesions, mRNA expression levels of IL-4, TNF-α, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 were inhibited by RGE treatment. RGE also suppressed the production of TARC, MDC, and RANTES in both the ear lesions and keratinocytes. RGE inhibits the development of AD in NC/Nga mice by suppressing the expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules.

The effect of Baccharis glutinosa extract on the growth of mycotoxigenic fungi and fumonisin B1 and aflatoxin B1 production

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Baccharis glutinosa isolated extract on the growth of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, and their aflatoxin B1 production; and growth of Fusarium verticillioides, and their fumonisin B1 production. The three fungi were exposed to an antifungal fraction, designated as fraction F6-1, isolated from B. glutinosa by methanolic extraction followed by silica gel chromatography. The growth of the fungi was evaluated in kinetics of radial extension growth, kinetics of spores germination, length and diameter of hyphae, spores diameter, as well as in aflatoxin B1 and fumonisin B1 production. Fraction F6-1 caused radial growth inhibition of the three fungi mainly F. verticillioides. Spores germination of A. flavus and A. parasiticus was delayed in the early stage of the incubation time, although they completely germinated at 27 h. In contrast, spore germination of F. verticillioides was inhibited 87.7% up to 96 h. The lengths and diameters of hyphae, and spore diameters of the three fungi, were significantly smaller in comparison with those of the controls, and several morphological alterations were observed. Concerning aflatoxin B1 and fumonisin B1, fraction F6-1 did not show any inhibition effect at the concentration used. Fraction F6-1 was able to significantly inhibit the development of the three fungi, mainly F. verticillioides. The strong inhibitory effect of F6-1 on hyphae and spores suggests that it interacted with the fungi cell walls, which caused severe deformities. Nevertheless, this fraction was unable in inhibiting mycotoxin production from the three fungi at the concentration tested.

Rehmannia inhibits adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis

Rehmannia glutinosa, a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), has been used to increase physical strength. Here, we report that Rehmannia glutinosa extract (RE) inhibits adipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis. RE impairs differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. At the molecular level, treatment with RE inhibits expression of the key adipocyte differentiation regulator C/EBPβ, as well as C/EBPα and the terminal marker protein 422/aP2, during differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes. Additionally, RE inhibits the mitotic clonal expansion (MCE) process of adipocyte differentiation, and RE prevents localization of C/EBPβ to the centromeres. RE also prevents high fat diet (HFD) induced weight gain and adiposity in rats. Taken together, our results indicate that Rehmannia glutinosa extract inhibits preadipocyte differentiation and adipogenesis in cultured cells and in rodent models of obesity.