Global Sleep Quality Score Research Articles

Nurses' sleep quality, work environment and quality of care in the Spanish National Health System: observational study among different shifts

ObjectiveThe main objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the characteristics of nurses' work environments in hospitals in the Spanish National Health System (SNHS) with nurse reported...

The effect of light therapy on the sleep quality of the elderly: an intervention study

Objective: The study was conducted to determine the effect of light therapy on the sleep quality of older adults. Design: This interventional study was conducted with a single group pre-test, post-test model. Setting: The study was conducted in a nursing home in Ankara, Turkey. Subjects: Twenty-four older adults with poor sleep quality were included in the study. Intervention: During the study procedure, a 10,000 Lux light was administered continuously for a half-hour duration in the morning over a one-month period. Main outcome measures: The main outcome measures included global and subcomponents of sleep quality, which were assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and were repeatedly measured at the baseline, pre-intervention (four weeks at baseline), post-intervention (at the end of intervention/eight weeks at baseline), and follow-up (four weeks at intervention). Results: At the end of light therapy intervention and during the four-week follow-up period, the global sleep quality scores were found to be higher compared with pre-intervention and baseline scores (p < 0.001). The ‘daytime dysfunction’ and ‘sleep latency’ sub-scores were found to be the most positively changed, whereas the change in ‘duration of sleep’ sub-score was less. Conclusion: Light therapy has been shown to be effective non-pharmacological therapy for improving sleep quality amonghealthy elders.

Effects of dietary protein quantity on sleep quality in energy‐restricted overweight and obese adults

Research suggests ingesting protein before sleep may improve sleep quality, but the effect of habitual protein intake on sleep quality is not well known. For this pilot study, nine overweight/obese people (6F:3M, age 59 ± 11 y, BMI 30.0 ± 1.6 kg/m2, mean ± SD) consumed lacto‐ovo vegetarian diets with an energy restriction (ER) of 750 kcal/d below need for 3 months. During this time, each person randomly completed three consecutive 4‐wk periods with the diets containing 10, 20 or 30% of total energy from protein. At baseline and the end of each ER period, global sleep quality (GSQ) was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index questionnaire. GSQ scores range between 0–21 arbitrary units (au) with a higher value representing worse GSQ during the preceding month. At baseline, 78% of the participants were classified with poor GSQ (>;5 au), and 44%, 56%, and 11% had poor GSQ while consuming 10%, 20%, and 30% protein during ER, respectively. During ER, GSQ was lower when 30 vs. 10% protein was consumed (4.38 ± 1.51 vs. 5.78 ± 2.59, P = 0.05), with 20% protein intermediate (5.67 ± 2.69). When expressed as change from the previous month, delta GSQ was larger for 30% (−1.75 ± 1.49) vs. 20% (−0.11 ± 0.78) and 10% (0.13 ± 1.13) protein (P = 0.0179). These results suggest that consuming a greater proportion of energy from protein may improve global sleep quality during weight loss.Grant Funding Source: The Beef Checkoff, National Pork Board, and NIH RR025761

Prevalence and Correlates of Disordered Sleep in Southeast Asian Indians with Type 2 Diabetes

BackgroundSleep disturbances are common in individuals with diabetes. Patients with diabetes have higher rates of insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness and increased incidence of restless leg syndrome. The purpose of our study was to investigate the prevalence and determine the predictors of sleep dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes in a southeast Asian Indian population.MethodsWe enrolled 120 patients with type 2 diabetes who attended an endocrinology clinic in a tertiary-care hospital. After we collected their demographic data, we recorded their anthropometric measurements. Fasting, postprandial blood glucose values and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values were then obtained. Quality of sleep was evaluated in all the patients through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which is a questionnaire that assesses sleep quality and disturbances over a monthlong period. A Global Sleep Quality score ≥5 discriminates between good and poor sleepers.ResultsThe mean global PSQI score was 7.08 (standard deviation, 3.89), which suggested poor sleep quality in this population. Sixty-nine percent of patients had a global PSQI score ≥5, indicating that they were "poor sleepers." The global PSQI score positively correlated with the duration of diabetes and was also independent of other variables such as age, gender, body mass index, HbA1c, or medications.ConclusionWe found a high prevalence of sleep dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. We also found a significant correlation between duration of diabetes and quality of sleep, independent of other variables. It is important for physicians to address the quality and duration of sleep in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Interaction of sleep quality and psychosocial stress on obesity in African Americans: the Cardiovascular Health Epidemiology Study (CHES)

BackgroundCompared with whites, sleep disturbance and sleep deprivation appear more prevalent in African Americans (AA). Long-term sleep deprivation may increase the risk of obesity through multiple metabolic and endocrine alterations. Previous studies have reported contradictory results on the association between habitual sleep duration and obesity. Accordingly, we aimed to assess whether sleep quality and duration are inversely associated with body mass index (BMI) and obesity and test whether these associations are modified by psychosocial stress, known to influence sleep quality.MethodsA sample of 1,515 AA residents of metropolitan Atlanta, aged 30-65 years, was recruited by a random-digit-dialing method in 2007-08. The outcome obesity was defined by BMI (kg/m2) continuously and categorically (BMI ≥ 30 versus BMI < 30). Global sleep quality (GSQ) score was computed as the sum of response values for the seven components of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale. GSQ score was defined as a continuous variable (range 0-21) and as tertiles. The general perceived stress (GPS), derived from the validated Cohen scale, was categorized into tertiles to test the interaction. Chi-square tests, correlation coefficients and weighted multiple linear and logistic regression were used to assess the associations of GSQ, GPS and obesity.ResultsThe mean (standard deviation) age was 47.5 (17.0) years, and 1,096 (72%) were women. GSQ score categorized into tertiles was associated with BMI. Among women, after multivariable adjustment that included age, gender, physical activity, smoking status, education, total family income, financial stress and history of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and myocardial infarction, obesity was associated with sleep quality as assessed by GSQ continuous score, [odds ratio, OR (95% C.I.): 1.08 (1.03 - 1.12)], and with a worse sleep disturbance subcomponent score [OR (95% C.I.): 1.48 (1.16 - 1.89)]. Among all participants, stress modified the association between obesity and sleep quality; there was an increased likelihood of obesity in the medium stress category, OR (95% C.I.): 1.09 (1.02 - 1.17).ConclusionSleep quality was associated with obesity in women. The association of sleep quality with obesity was modified by perceived stress. Our results indicate the need for simultaneous assessment of sleep and stress.

Sleep Quality and Academic Performance in University Students: A Wake-Up Call for College Psychologists

Both sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality are prominent in American society, especially in college student populations. Sleep problems are often a primary disorder rather than secondary to depression. The purpose of the present study was to determine if sleep deprivation and/or poor sleep quality in a sample of nondepressed university students was associated with lower academic performance. A significant negative correlation between Global Sleep Quality score (GSQ) on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and grade point average supports the hypothesis that poor sleep quality is associated with lower academic performance for nondepressed students. Implications for both the remedial (assessment and treatment) and preventive (outreach) work of college and university counseling centers is discussed.

Sleep quality and quality of life in female shift‐working nurses

This paper is a report of a study of the factors that influence sleep quality and quality of life among shift-working nurses and the relationship between their sleep quality and quality of life. Although shift-working nurses strive to adapt their life schedules to shift rotations, they tend to suffer from severe sleep disturbances and increased rates of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, digestive disease and irregular menstrual cycles. Poor sleep is also associated with medical errors and occupational injuries. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2008 with a convenience sample of 435 female nurses from five regional hospitals in Taiwan. Data were collected on sleep quality and quality of life using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument-BREF Taiwan version respectively. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, analysis of variance and Pearson correlations. The majority of female shift workers (57%) had global sleep-quality scores > or = 5, indicating poor sleep and all mean scores in four domains of the quality-of-life measure were statistically significantly lower than those of females in Taiwan's general population. Scores for poor sleep quality and quality of life were related to premenstrual dysphoria, occupational injury, illness and medication use. In addition, the associations between scores on the sleep-quality and quality-of-life scales were statistically significantly inversely correlated. Advice should be included in both undergraduate programmes and continuing education to help nurses to recognize and improve their own sleep quality and life quality managers should create a supportive environment to encourage shift-working nurses to engage in healthy behaviours.

The Relationship of Subjective Sleep Quality, Pain, and Quality of Life in Advanced Cancer Patients

Cancer patients have been reported to complain about poor quality of sleep. This study evaluated the quality of sleep in this group, utilizing demographic data and clinical features of the cancers as assessment criteria. A secondary aim was to evaluate the correlation between the self-rated questionnaire for the quality of sleep with other instruments used in measuring pain and quality of life. A total of 102 patients with stage IV cancer completed the study and were subsequently followed for up to 10 months. Self-rated questionnaires were administered for the evaluation of quality of sleep (PSQI), quality of life Medical Outcomes Study 12-item short-form (SF-12) questionnaire, the Mental Component Summary (MSC) and the Physical Component Summary (PCS), and pain (VAS Pain). The mediation analysis model was also used to evaluate how quality of life can influence the quality of sleep through its relation to pain, the performance status of patients and analgesics (Opioids). The mean age of the study participants was 62.8 (range: 26.0-87.0) years old. The majority (70.6%) of the patients presented with ECOG score between 2 and 3 and with metastasis (58.8%). Mean Global Sleep Quality score was 12.0+/-4.6. The use of the PSQI questionnaire in cancer patients demonstrated that these subjects were prone to sleep poor quality. However, the various demographic variables and clinical features of the cancers did not affect quality of sleep. Global Sleep Quality scores from the PSQI correlated with the scores obtained from the SF-12 questionnaire and with the VAS Pain results, indicating a relationship between quality of sleep, quality of life and pain. However, only the SF-12 questionnaire had predictive value on quality of sleep. Mediation analysis showed that quality of life influences quality of sleep both directly and indirectly by its effect on pain. In addition, some of the effect of quality of life on sleep quality was mediated by the use of opioids. Quality of sleep in patients suffering from stage IV cancer was significantly decreased. Demographic data and clinical variables of cancers did not affect the PSQI Global Sleep Quality score. The use of the mediation model also provides evidence that quality of sleep, quality of life, pain, and opioids are strictly correlated each other.

Urological evaluation

<h3>Objetives</h3> To analyse the effects of COVID-19 lockdown on mental well-being variables of older women, and to determine the influence of lifestyle and age on such effects. The hypothesis of...

Sleep quality and health-related quality of life in HIV-infected African-American women of childbearing age

A descriptive, correlational design was used to examine the associations of sleep quality and stage of illness with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in HIV-infected African-American women. Participants were recruited from 12 health clinics and AIDS service organizations (ASO) in Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. The sample consisted of 144 African-American women who ranged in age from 20 to 48 years (m = 34.8, SD = 6.8). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Medical Outcomes Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were administered. Participants were categorized as good sleepers (PSQI global score < 7) or poor sleepers (PSQI global score > or = 7) using the median global sleep quality score. Differences in HRQOL between good and poor sleepers, as measured by the SF-36, were tested using MANOVA. Good sleepers scored significantly higher (p < 0.0001) for each SF-36 quality of life dimension and the mental and physical health summary scores. Multiple regression analysis indicated that sleep quality is associated with HRQOL, independent of the individual's stage of illness, more so with mental HRQOL than with physical HRQOL. The results suggest that treatment for poor sleep quality should be a primary concern for the treatment of HIV infection and a means for improving HRQOL.

Validity of a Short Insomnia Questionnaire: the SDQ

The SDQ is a brief self-report insomnia questionnaire, which permits the rapid evaluation of insomnia based on the DSM-IV and ICSD-R criteria. The SDQ was developed to provide a fast and valid instrument both for the pre-screening of subjects who complain of insomnia and for epidemiological studies based on standardized definitions of this sleep disorder. Two studies were carried out in order to assess the validity of the SDQ as a self-report measure of insomnia. In the first study the convergent validity of the SDQ was assessed with respect to the global score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in a sample of general practitioners’ patients. The second study assessed the sensitivity and the specificity of the SDQ in discriminating between insomniacs or normal sleepers in a sample of college students who were given an extensive sleep evaluation within an insomnia counseling program. The SDQ classifications have a good convergent validity with the global sleep quality scores of the PSQI and its classifications of students who complain of or who do not complain of problems of insomnia have a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 87%. Results indicate that the SDQ is a valid paper and pencil instrument to screen insomnia.