Global Quality Score Research Articles

YouTube® in Spanish as an information source for patients with autoimmune hepatitis

Introduction and aimA large number of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AH) seek information about their disease on the Internet. The reliability, comprehensiveness, and quality of said information in Spanish has not been studied. Our aim was to describe the characteristics of the information about AH on YouTube®. MethodsAn analytic observational study evaluated videos in Spanish about AH available on YouTube®, describing their general characteristics, viewer engagement, and information sources. Standardized tools were utilized to analyze reliability (DISCERN), comprehensiveness, and overall quality (Global Quality Score [GQS]). ResultsOne hundred videos were included, 93% of which provided information from healthcare professionals (group 1), and 7% of which reflected patient opinions (group 2). There were differences in the median reliability (DISCERN 4 vs 2, p ≤ 0.05) and comprehensiveness (4 vs 2, p ≤ 0.05) scores between groups, but equal overall quality (GQS 3 vs 2, p = 0.2). Reliability (DISCERN 4; RIC 3–4) and comprehensiveness (4.5; IQR 3–5) were higher in videos by professional organizations, compared with those by independent users, healthcare information websites, and for-profit organizations (DISCERN 3; IQR 2.5–3.5) (p < 0.001). Reliability (DISCERN 2; IQR 1.5–3), comprehensiveness (2; IQR 1.5–2.5), and quality (GQS 2.5; IQR 1.5–3.5) were lower for videos made by for-profit organizations. ConclusionThe majority of videos about AH in Spanish on YouTube® have good reliability, comprehensiveness, and quality. Videos created by academic organizations had higher scores, thus their collaboration, with respect to patient opinion videos, is suggested.

YouTube Videos About Plantar Fasciitis and Calcaneal Spurs Are Insufficient and Poor Quality.

Patients frequently use YouTube to learn about their illness. For this reason, the educational and quality of YouTube videos about various diseases has been investigated. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy and quality of YouTube videos. A standard query was performed on the YouTube database using the following search terms: Plantar fasciitis, heel spur, and calcaneal spur. For each search term, the top 50 videos determined by YouTube's "relevance" according to its algorithm were evaluated (150 videos in total). After exclusion, 140 videos were included in the study. These videos were watched by 2 observers and the videos were evaluated and scored according to the Global Quality Score (GQS), DISCERN, Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), and Plantar Fasciitis and Calcaneal Spurs Specific Score (PFSS) scoring systems. According to the JAMA criteria, 76.42% of the videos and 43.57% of the videos according to the GQS scored 2 points or less. According to DISCERN criteria, 67.15% of the videos were evaluated as very poor/poor. According to the PFSS, 83.5% of the videos were rated as poor or very poor. These findings can be interpreted as the general information content of the videos about plantar fasciitis is insufficient and their reliability and quality are low. As a result, it can be concluded that the quality and reliability of YouTube videos regarding plantar fasciitis are insufficient for patients. Universities/associations prepare videos that provide information about plantar fasciitis to patients, and that these videos are presented on certain platforms can be a solution.

A comprehensive analysis of YouTube videos on gender affirmation surgery.

The objective was to comprehensively analyze YouTube™ videos focusing on genital gender-affirmation surgery (GAS) from the perspective of urologists and gynecologists and to utilize results to create educational videos for transgender individuals with accurate and engaging content. A YouTube search was performed using the keywords "Metoidioplasty," "Phalloplasty," "Gender affirmation surgery," "Transgender surgery," "Vaginoplasty," and "Male-to-female surgery." Video results that were duplicated, non-English, of low relevance, non-audio, and/or short duration (under 2 min) were excluded. The upload source was classified as university/nonprofit physician or organization, health information websites, medical advertisement/for-profit organizations, or individual patient experience. Viewer engagement metrics were obtained for each video. Each video was evaluated using the DISCERN, Global Quality Score (GQS), and Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for audio-visual content (PEMAT A-V) tools. A total of 273 videos were evaluated. Viewer engagement metrics of videos from the patient experience group were higher than those of both universities/nonprofit physicians and medical advertisement/for-profit groups. DISCERN and GQS scores were significantly lower in videos uploaded by the patient experience group than in each of the other upload sources. More videos covered female-to-male (FtM) transition (168, 61.5%) than covered male-to-female (MtF; 71, 26.0%), and both (34, 12.5%). MtF transition videos had significantly higher total view counts than videos from the other groups (p<0.001). The like counts of videos were significantly higher in both MtF transition and FtM transition groups than for videos explaining both types of transition within the same video. The total DISCERN score was significantly lower in FtM transition videos than in the other content groups. Two educational videos were prepared, informed by the tools and results of this study, and hosted on YouTube. The findings suggest that genital GAS videos with less technical content have higher audience engagement. This information should be used to aid medical organizations when creating YouTube content to provide accurate information to larger audiences in the transgender community.

The global diet quality score’s correlation with the EAT-Lancet sustainable dietary guidelines in Brazil

The global diet quality score’s correlation with the EAT-Lancet sustainable dietary guidelines in Brazil

YouTube® en español como fuente de información para pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

Introduction and aimThe majority of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) seek information about their disease on the internet. The reliability, comprehensiveness, and quality of said information in Spanish has not previously been studied. Materials and methodsAn analytic observational study was conducted that included YouTube® videos on IBD available in Spanish, describing general characteristics, engagement, and sources. Standard tools for evaluating reliability (DISCERN), comprehensiveness, and overall quality (Global Quality Score [GQS]) were employed. ResultsOne hundred videos were included. Eighty-eight videos consisted of information produced by healthcare professionals (group1) and 12 included patient opinions (group2). There were no differences in the median scores for reliability (DISCERN: 3 vs 3, P=.554) or comprehensiveness (3 vs 2.5, P=.768) between the two groups, but there was greater overall quality in the group2 videos (GQS 3 vs 4, P=.007). Reliability was higher for the videos produced by professional organizations (DISCERN: 4; IQR: 3-4), when compared with healthcare information websites and for-profit agencies (DISCERN: 3; IQR: 2.5-3.5) (P<.001), but the videos with healthcare information website and for-profit sources had a higher quality score (GQS: 3 vs 4, P<.001). Comprehensiveness scores were similar. ConclusionThe majority of YouTube® videos in Spanish on IBD have good reliability, comprehensiveness, and quality. Reliability was greater for the videos produced by professional organizations, whereas quality was higher for those created from healthcare information websites and for-profit agencies.

Evaluation of plan complexity and dosimetric plan quality of total marrow and lymphoid irradiation using volumetric modulated arc therapy

To assess the impact of the planner's experience and optimization algorithm on the plan quality and complexity of total marrow and lymphoid irradiation (TMLI) delivered by means of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) over 2010-2022 at our institute. Eighty-two consecutive TMLI plans were considered. Three complexity indices were computed to characterize the plans in terms of leaf gap size, irregularity of beam apertures, and modulation complexity. Dosimetric points of the target volume (D2%) and organs at risk (OAR) (Dmean) were automatically extracted to combine them with plan complexity and obtain a global quality score (GQS). The analysis was stratified based on the different optimization algorithms used over the years, including a knowledge-based (KB) model. Patient-specific quality assurance (QA) using Portal Dosimetry was performed retrospectively, and the gamma agreement index (GAI) was investigated in conjunction with plan complexity. Plan complexity significantly reduced over the years (r=-0.50, p<0.01). Significant differences in plan complexity and plan dosimetric quality among the different algorithms were observed. Moreover, the KB model allowed to achieve significantly better dosimetric results to the OARs. The plan quality remained similar or even improved during the years and when moving to a newer algorithm, with GQS increasing from 0.019±0.002 to 0.025±0.003 (p<0.01). The significant correlation between GQS and time (r=0.33, p=0.01) indicated that the planner's experience was relevant to improve the plan quality of TMLI plans. Significant correlations between the GAI and the complexity metrics (r=-0.71, p<0.01) were also found. Both the planner's experience and algorithm version are crucial to achieve an optimal plan quality in TMLI plans. Thus, the impact of the optimization algorithm should be carefully evaluated when a new algorithm is introduced and in system upgrades. Knowledge-based strategies can be useful to increase standardization and improve plan quality of TMLI treatments.

Evaluating the readability, quality and reliability of online patient education materials on transcutaneuous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS).

Increasing digitization also raises concerns regarding the reliability and comprehensibility of online health information. In this study, we aimed to examine the readability, reliability, and quality of internet-based patient education materials on "transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation." On September 15, 2022, we used Google search engine to search the keyword "Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation" and obtained information from 200 websites. The readability of the websites was evaluated using the Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook, and Gunning Fog. The Journal of American Medical Association score and Health on the Net Foundation code of conduct were used to determine the reliability of the websites, whereas the DISCERN score and Global Quality Score were used to evaluate the quality of the websites. In the readability analysis of 102 websites that met the inclusion criteria of this study, we found that the Flesch Reading Ease Score was 47.91 ± 13.79 (difficult), average Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook were 11.20 ± 2.85 and 10.53 ± 2.11 years, respectively, and average Gunning Fog score was 14.04 ± 2.74 (very difficult). Commercial websites constituted the highest proportion of websites (n = 36, 35.5%). Overall, 16.7% of the websites were found to be of high quality according to the Global Quality Score, 16 (15.7%) websites had Health on the Net Foundation code of conduct certification, and 8.8% of the websites were found to be highly reliable according to the Journal of American Medical Association scores. There was a statistically significant difference between website typologies and quality and reliability scores (P < .001). Compared with the sixth-grade level recommended by the American Medical Association and the National Institute of Health, the readability of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation-related internet-based patient education materials was considerably high, but they showed low reliability and moderate-to-poor quality. Thus, the quality, reliability, and readability of websites developed by health professionals play a major role in conveying accurate and easily understandable information.

HEMOFİLİ HASTALARINA YÖNELİK YOUTUBE’DA PAYLAŞILAN EGZERSİZ VE FİZYOTERAPİ VİDEOLARININ KALİTE VE GÜVENİLİRLİĞİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ: KESİTSEL BİR ÇALIŞMA

Purpose: To evaluate the quality and reliability of shared on YouTube videos pertaining to exercises and physiotherapy in haemophilia.&#x0D; Methods: The terms “exercise in haemophilia” and ‘’physiotherapy in hemophilia’’ were entered on YouTube, First 300 videos were independently analyzed by two physiotherapists and were classified as reliable or non-reliable. Video demographics were analyzed according to speakers and uploaders of the video. Video Power Index (VPI) was calculated for each video. Modified DISCERN and Global Quality Scores (GQS) were used to assess the reliability and overall quality of the videos.&#x0D; Results: Eighty-five videos were included and 51.7 % were non-reliable. The median GQS and DISCERN scores of the videos were significantly higher in the reliable group and where the speakers were physician and physiotherapist (p

YouTube® en español como fuente de información para pacientes con hepatitis autoinmune

IntroductionA large number of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AH) seek information about their disease on the internet. The reliability, comprehensiveness, and quality of said information in Spanish has not been studied. AimOur aim was to describe the characteristics of the information about AH on YouTube®. MethodsAn analytic observational study evaluated videos in Spanish about AH available on YouTube®, describing their general characteristics, viewer engagement, and information sources. Standardized tools were utilized to analyze reliability (DISCERN), comprehensiveness, and overall quality (Global Quality Score [GQS]). ResultsOne hundred videos were included, 93% of which provided information from healthcare professionals (group1), and 7% of which reflected patient opinions (group2). There were differences in the median reliability (DISCERN: 4 vs 2, P≤.05) and comprehensiveness (4 vs 2, P≤.05) scores between groups, but equal overall quality (GQS 3 vs 2, P=.2). Reliability (DISCERN: 4; IQR: 3-4) and comprehensiveness (4.5; IQR: 3-5) were higher in videos by professional organizations, compared with those by independent users, healthcare information websites, and for-profit organizations (DISCERN: 3; IQR: 2.5-3.5; P<.001). Reliability (DISCERN: 2; IQR: 1.5-3), comprehensiveness (2; IQR; 1.5-2.5), and quality (GQS: 2.5; IQR: 1.5-3.5) were lower for videos made by for-profit organizations. ConclusionThe majority of videos about AH in Spanish on YouTube® have good reliability, comprehensiveness, and quality. Videos created by academic organizations had higher scores, thus their collaboration, with respect to patient opinion videos, is suggested.

Analysis of the Brazilian-Portuguese Content on Autism Spectrum Disorder Available on YouTube Videos

Aims Information about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is available in different videos on YouTube. However, these videos might present inaccurate or outdated information. The aims of this study were to 1) identify characteristics of Brazilian-Portuguese videos about ASD (i.e., type of content, number of views, likes, and dislikes); 2) analyze the content of informative videos about ASD, by assessing their trustworthiness and overall quality; and 3) investigate the most popular topics of informative videos about ASD over time. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that investigated Brazilian-Portuguese ASD content on YouTube. Videos were selected by two examiners and categorized as experiential or informative. The Discern checklist and the Global Quality Score (GQS) were used to analyze the trustworthiness and quality of informative videos. Results In total, 216 videos were analyzed, of which 19.5% and 85% were classified as experiential and informative, respectively. The majority of informative videos presented moderate trustworthiness and quality. Videos about ASD clinical aspects were the most popular. Conclusion YouTube offers a large number of experiential and informative videos on ASD. However, some of these videos fail to present reliable and additional sources of information for stakeholders. Efforts to promote knowledge translation about ASD on YouTube are necessary.

Assessment of Reliability and Quality of Videos on Medial Epicondylitis Shared on YouTube.

Introduction Video-sharing websites, especially YouTube search engine, have become popular sources for obtaining health information over the years. The reliability and quality of contents on YouTube are unpredictable and questionable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and quality of videos on medial epicondylitis shared on the YouTube platform. Methods A YouTube search with the keywords "medial epicondylitis" and "golfer's elbow" was conducted. After typing each keyword, the first 50 videos that appeared in the first three pages were evaluated. Thetitles and duration of the videos, the uploading sources, the time passed since the upload, number of total views, likes, dislikes and comments were recorded. All videos were analyzed and scored using the DISCERN scoring system, modified DISCERN (mod-DISCERN) scale, and the Global Quality Score (GQS). Results Eighty-eight videos met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. The mean DISCERN score, mod-DISCERN score and GQS were 40.68±10.5, 1.81±0.76, and 2.72±0.9, respectively. Most of the videos had poor and very poor quality content according to the DISCERN instrument, the mod-DISCERN scale and GQS tool. The main upload sources were doctors (36.4%), physiotherapists (25%), patients (2.2%), and other (36.4%). The videos uploaded by doctors had higher quality scores than other uploading sources. Of the 88 videos, 10 were about diagnosis alone, 39 were on treatment alone, and 39 contained information about both of diagnosis and treatment. The mean DISCERN score, mod-DISCERN score and GQS of the videos on "both" were significantly higher than those "diagnosis alone" and "treatment alone" groups. Conclusion Nearly 80% of YouTube videos on medial epicondylitis according to the DISCERN and GQS tool, and also 97.7% of videos according to the mod-DISCERN scale had medium or poor quality. YouTube videos on medial epicondylitis could not be considered as accurate and reliable sources. Because the videos uploaded by doctors had higher quality scores, the physicians should prepare and upload more reliable and quality contents with detailed information on YouTube.

Dietary intake and quality for young adolescents in sub‐Saharan Africa: Status and influencing factors

Adolescents face the risk of the triple burden of malnutrition-the co-existence of micronutrient deficiencies, underweight and overweight and obesityand related noncommunicable diseases. Poor-quality diets are a modifiable risk factor for all forms of malnutrition in adolescents. However, there is limited knowledge about diet quality for African adolescents. We analyzed data from 4609 school-going adolescents aged 10-15 years in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Sudanand Tanzania. Dietary intake was assessed using food frequency questionnaires, and diet quality computed using the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS). Generalized estimating equations linear regression models were used to evaluate factors associated with adolescent diet quality. Mean adolescent age was 12.4 (±1.4) years and 54% of adolescents were female. Adolescents reported physical activity on 1.5 (±1.7) days/week. The mean GDQS (±SD) was 20.6 (±4.0) (maximum 40). Adolescent consumption of vegetables, fruit, nuts and seeds, eggs, fish and poultry was low, and refined grain consumption was relatively high. Boys consumed unhealthy foods less frequently but consumed fewer cruciferous vegetables and deep orange tubers. Older adolescents had higher fish and lower red meat consumption. Having an unemployed mother versus farmer (estimate -2.60, 95%confidence interval [CI]: -4.81, -0.39), and having 3-4 days of physical activity per week versus none (estimate 0.64, 95%CI: 0.11, 1.17) were associated with GDQS. We found evidence of poor-quality adolescent diets and gender and age differences in the consumption of healthy diets. Programs to address poor-quality diets should consider tailoring interventions for adolescent girls and boys of different ages and also consider the role of physical activity in these contexts.

COVID-19 Vaccine Videos: Health Literacy Considerations.

Multimedia videos are important tools to inform uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine. Video design using health literacy guidelines may help optimize video usefulness. Many health organizations (HO) (provides information) and health care (HCO) (provides direct health care) organizations have used YouTube to deliver videos about COVID-19 vaccines. We examined HO and HCO COVID-19 vaccine videos shown on YouTube for health literacy guidelines (quality, understandability and actionability). The top 30 most viewed COVID-19 vaccine videos posted by HO and HCO were analyzed using the Global Quality Score (GQS) and the Patient Education Assessment Tool for evaluating audiovisual formats (PEMAT-AV). GQS scores averaged 3.12 (standard deviation [SD] .789), which is equivalent to 80%. Using PEMATAV, there was a relationship between actionability and quality (r(28) = .453, p < .05) for HO; for HCO, there was a relationship between usability and quality (r(28) = .455, p < .05). Odds ratio analysis showed quality in HO leading to higher odds of actionability (3.573, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.480-14.569]) and quality in HCO videos leading to higher understandability (4.093, CI [1.203-17.865]). Few organizations applied all health literacy principles to video design. Video creation for mass media health campaigns by HO and HCO should include consideration of evidence-based health literacy measures (quality, understandability, actionability) to ensure intended results across viewers with different health literacy levels including communities who have been disproportionately affected by COVID-19. [HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice. 2023;7(2):e111-e118.].

Popularity, quality and reliability of YouTube videos as an information resource on kinesio taping

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and quality of videos on YouTube as an information resource about Kinesio taping (KT).&#x0D; Methods: We made a search on YouTube using the keyword "Kinesiotaping" on November 10, 2021. The popularity of first 200 videos evaluated with the video power Index (VPI), reliability with the modified DISCERN (M-DISCERN) score, and quality with the global quality score (GQS).&#x0D; Results: Of the 98 videos evaluated, 42(42.9%) were categorized as high-quality, 36(36.7%) as low-quality, and 20(20.4%) as moderate-quality. Significant positive correlations were observed between GQS, M-DISCERN, and VPI (p

Quality analysis of YouTube videos about thyroid orbitopathy.

To evaluate the quality and reliability of YouTube videos about Thyroid Orbitopathy. A YouTube search was performed using the keyword 'Graves eye disease', 'thyroid eye disease', 'thyroid orbitopathy', 'thyroid ophtalmopathy' in the search bar of YouTube. The first 50 videos were analyzed for each keywords, and the first 100 videos that came out were included in the study. The numbers of views, likes, dislikes, comments, daily viewing rate (number of views per day), uploaded source, country of origin, video type (patient experience, scholarly information), and described treatment technique were evaluated for all videos. They were also evaluated regarding their DISCERN, Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), global quality score (GQS) and usefulness score by two independent ophthalmologists. Of the top 100 videos, 94 videos met the criteria. The mean DISCERN, JAMA, GQS and usefulness score were 55.27 ± 16.57, 3.04 ± 0.64, 3.44 ± 0.93 and 3.23 ± 1.1. If we look at the upload source 53 (56.4%) videos were uploaded by physicians, 30 (31.9%) videos by institutions/private health institutions, 7 (7.4%) videos by health channels, 4 (4.3%) videos by patients. All scoring systems showed a statistically significant and strong positive correlation with each other (p < 0.001). A statistically significant positive correlation between viewing rate, likes and comments was observed. As the duration of the video increased, a significant increase in the scores in other scores was observed. We observed that the tests we used in the scoring were correlated with each other. Most of the thyroid orbitopathy videos on YouTube were of good quality. Ophthalmologists should guide their patients who want to get information on YouTube to watch videos uploaded by health care professionals.

Reliability of open globe injury repair surgical videos on the internet for resident education

Introduction This study aimed to assess quality of surgical training videos for management of open globe injury (OGI) on online platforms. Material and Methods Twenty-three websites with surgical training videos were queried using the search keyword “open globe repair.” Video content characteristics and quality assessment scores using Sandvik score, Health on the Net Foundation Code of Conduct (HON code), mDISCERN scoring, and global quality score (GQS) were recorded. To evaluate the relevance of the surgical videos to the surgical procedure, steps were analyzed as per the Ophthalmology Surgical Competency Assessment Rubric (OSCAR) for Open Globe Surgical Management. Results One hundred and twenty-three videos were evaluated, and 63 analyzed. Majority videos were uploaded by solitary ophthalmologists (53/63; 84.13%). Mean video quality score (VQS) and GIS scores were 6.55 ± 1.59 and 7.95 ± 1.39, respectively. Mean mDISCERN, GQS, HON Code and Sandvik scores for all the videos were 2.87 ± 1.07, 3.77 ± 1.08, 5.14 ± 1.67, 12.06 ± 1.84, respectively. Videos with background audio and descriptive subtitles had significantly better quality ( p &lt; 0.05). All Quality assessment scores showed a statistically significant ( p &lt; 0.000) positive correlation with each other. On linear regression analysis, number of video likes, comments and views had a significant ( p &lt; 0.05) positive relation with quality of video, whereas video length showed a negative relation with different scores. Conclusion Nearly two-thirds of surgical videos showing OGI repair had good quality assessment scores. Consensus guidelines should be developed to guide uploaders as regards the essential features required for good quality surgical videos using a standardized rubric.

Assessment of YouTube Videos about Urethral Stricture and Its Management.

To evaluate the reliability, transparency, usability and technical quality of videos about urethral stricture and its management in the most common video-sharing website "YouTube". We performed a video search on YouTube using the keywords "Urethral Stricture", "Internal Urethrotomy" and "Urethroplasty". After excluding the videos that did not meet the inclusion criteria, demographic data of each video was recorded and assessed with the validated DISCERN questionnaire, the Journal of the American Medical Association Benchmark Score (JAMAs) and the Global Quality Score (GQS). Additionally, the Urethral Stricture Video Score was developed by two experienced surgeons to assess the technical aspects. Videos were also compared with a view to their source of upload. A total of 177 videos were analysed. Videos from "University" and "Other" had a significantly higher view ratio and video power index (VPI) than the rest (all p<0.05). For all mentioned scores, even though the video sources of "Society" and "University" had significantly higher scores than the rest (all p<0.05), all scores remained at a low to moderate level at each group. Even though universities, societies and organisations tend to upload better videos about the management of urethral stricture in terms of general quality, reliability, transparency and technical aspects, the online visual content about urethral stricture and its management needs to be improved in order to provide more reliable and qualified information for both clinicians and patients.

Mental Health of Prostate Cancer Patients: Content Review on YouTubeTM

The aim of this study is to evaluate YouTube™ content in terms of the quality of information available about prostate cancer (PCa) in relation to incidence, symptomatology, and potential treatments for patients' mental health. We searched on YouTube™ for terms related to mental health combined with those relating to prostate cancer. Tools for audio-visual-content PEMAT A/V, Global Quality Score, and DISCERN score were applied for the assessment of videos' quality. A total of 67 videos were eligible. Most of the analyzed YouTube™ videos were created by physicians (52.2%) in contrast to other author categories (48.8%). According to the PEMAT A/V, the median score for Understandability was 72.7% and the overall median score for Actionability was 66.7%; the median DISCERN score was 47, which correspond to a fair quality. Only videos focusing on the topic "Psychological Effects and PCa treatment" were significantly more accurate. The General Quality Score revealed that the majority of YouTube™ videos were rated as "generally poor" (21, 31.3%) or "poor" (12, 17.9%). The results suggest that the content of YouTube™ videos is neither exhaustive nor reliable in the current state, illustrating a general underestimation of the mental health of prostate cancer patients. A multidisciplinary agreement to establish quality standards and improve communication about mental health care is needed.

The Global Diet Quality Score predicts diet quality of women of reproductive age in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Improving diet quality is recognised as a double-duty action that can simultaneously address multiple forms of malnutrition. This study aimed to assess diet quality among non-pregnant non-lactating women of reproductive age (WRA) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A 1-d quantitative 24 h recall was conducted among 653 non-pregnant/non-lactating women. Diet quality, assessed using the women dietary diversity score (WDDS), the Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) and the Nova 4 classification reflecting consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF), was compared. The proportion that meets the minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD-W) was estimated. The average MDD-W score was 2·6 (sd 0·9), with only 3 % of women meeting the MDD-W (≥ 5 food groups). Consumption of wholegrain and legumes was high, but UPF were also consumed by 9 % of the women. GDQS was positively associated with WDDS, age and skipping breakfast and was negatively associated with eating out of home and UPF consumption (P < 0·05). The multivariate regression model showed that GDQS (total) was not associated with wealth but was significantly associated with both UPF and WDDS (P < 0·001). Unlike UPF and WDDS alone, GDQS was able to predict both nutrient adequacy and unhealthy dietary practices. The diet quality of WRA in Addis Ababa is low in diversity, possibly exposing them to higher risk of nutrient inadequacy and non-communicable diseases as reflected by the low GDQS. Understanding what drives food and dietary choices in urban settings is urgently needed.

Does YouTube offer high-quality ınformation? Evaluation of patient experience videos after orthognathic surgery.

To evaluate the content, reliability, and quality of videos of patient experiences after orthognathic surgery on YouTube. Fifty videos that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. The demographic characteristics of the videos were determined, and 13 points were used to classify poor and rich-content videos. The quality of the videos was evaluated using the Video Information and Quality Index (VIQI), Global Quality Score (GQS), and DISCERN. The Mann-Whitney U-test, Spearman correlation, and linear regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. When poor- and rich-content videos were evaluated, there were statistically significant differences in video duration, number of likes, number of comments, and interaction index (P < .05). Compared to the poor-content video group, the GQS score, DISCERN, total content, and VIQI score of the rich-content video group were significantly higher. The interaction index and video duration and video information content quality showed a positive relationship. Although the quality of the videos shared by patients on YouTube was generally moderate, the content of the information was generally poor. Nevertheless, it should be considered that YouTube videos can be a source of information for patients who want to have surgery, which can affect the process.