Global Political Changes Research Articles

Foreign Economic Activities of The Russian Federation: Contemporary Problems and Prospects

Modern conditions for the development of foreign economic activity of the Russian Federation are formed under the influence of many factors, including international sanctions, economic diversification, development of transport and digital infrastructure, as well as active international cooperation. In the context of global economic and political changes, the Russian Federation seeks to adapt and look for new opportunities to strengthen its position in the world market. The article identifies the features of the organization of foreign economic activity in the Russian Federation taking into account the sanctions pressure, in particular, reflects the features of the decline in foreign trade, limited access to international fi nance, difficulties in international settlements, change of trading partners, problems with technology imports, problems with logistics. The article analyzes the main problems faced by the Russian Federation in its foreign economic strategy. In the article, the author examines in detail the main problems faced by the Russian Federation in the formation of its foreign economic strategy, and within the framework of each problem, considers the prospects for its solution, taking into account the established development trends, such as: strengthening economic cooperation with Asian countries, in particular with China and India, as a strategic priority; the use of new technologies and innovations to increase the competitiveness of Russian goods in world markets; development of transport and logistics infrastructure to improve export opportunities. The article reflects the aspect of a comprehensive approach to solving current problems and implementing strategic tasks aimed at sustainable development of foreign economic activity of the Russian Federation in the long term.

SWOT-analysis: Remote monitoring of blood pressure

Global political and socioeconomic changes have caused a huge strain on the healthcare system. To transition into a new level of medical care, modern technological solutions are needed. Accelerated development of innovations in medicine and the formation of a personalized approach will improve the quality and accessibility of medical services. One of the directions of healthcare development is the use of digital technologies and remote monitoring in assessing the health indicators of citizens. Currently, the federal project of remote monitoring of patients with arterial hypertension, named, “Personal Medical Assistants,” is being implemented in the Russian Federation. Similar to any new technology, remote monitoring has advantages and disadvantages. In this article, a strategic analysis (SWOT-analysis) was performed, considering medical, economic, social, and political aspects that may affect the results of the federal project. For effective implementation of remote monitoring technology in clinical practice, the strengths and weaknesses in the healthcare system and the state as a whole must be emphasized. SWOT-analysis can be used in formulating strategies for the widespread use of new digital technologies in clinical practice.

ЕФЕКТИВНЕ ДЕРЖАВНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ І НАЦІОНАЛЬНА БЕЗПЕКА В КОНТЕКСТІ DEEP STATE

The article explores the concept of the «deep state» as a key element of ensuring sustainable public administration and national security in war and peace. The author examines global and regional development trends that affect the formation of national security and analyses the mechanisms of power and governance in different countries. Particular attention is paid to the role of informal and closed networks in influencing official policy, which allows for a deeper understanding of the sources of information wars and manipulation of public opinion. The relevance of the study is driven by the need to build a transparent, fair and democratic society, as well as to strengthen democratic institutions and protect the rights and freedoms of citizens. The analysis of the deep state allows us to identify the interconnections between state institutions, the military, intelligence services and big business, which often remain outside democratic control. The author notes that the study of the deep state is important for the protection of democratic values, increasing transparency, accountability and efficiency of governance. Particular attention is paid to the influence of the deep state on the information space and the mechanisms of manipulating public opinion through the media. Understanding these processes contributes to the development of critical thinking and the protection of citizens' rights and freedoms. In the context of globalisation, the concept of the deep state is seen as an important factor influencing international relations, trade policies and economic alliances. The study of this phenomenon helps to predict changes in global politics and the economy, which is important for the development of long-term national security strategies. The term «deep state» is used to describe a network of influential individuals or organisations that can exert significant influence on public policy beyond democratic control. This concept is actively discussed in political debates, causing controversy over its role and influence on political processes.

Heterogeneous impacts of geopolitical risk factors on stock markets in the Middle East: A quantile regression analysis across four emerging economies

This study investigates the heterogeneous impacts of eight categories of geopolitical risk on stock market performance across different market conditions in four Middle Eastern economies: Egypt, Israel, Saudi Arabia, and Turkey. Utilizing Quantile regression analysis and datasets spanning from September 2002 to August 2023, our findings reveal the complex and varied relationships between geopolitical risk factors and stock market performance. These results underscore the significance of comprehending specific political risk factors and their influence under various market conditions. We observe a consistent negative relationship between military buildups and stock market performance in Egypt and Israel, while other categories exhibit mixed effects. The Saudi Arabian and Turkish markets demonstrate varied sensitivity to different risks, with terrorism and war-related events significantly affecting market dynamics. Notably, all four markets consistently displayed negative reactions to terrorist activities, indicating the universally disruptive nature of such events. Understanding these dynamics assists investors and policymakers in adapting to global political changes.

Navigating the Complexities of Identity: is there an Accelerated Israelization of Religion?

This research aims to explore the dynamics of Israeli politics, particularly regarding the interplay between religion, democracy, and identity. By delving into this complex landscape, the research unravels the multifaceted nature of Israeli politics, shedding light on the various factors that shape its political landscape. This includes examining the influence of religion, the functioning of democratic institutions, and the diverse identities within society. A key focus is to analyze the role of religion in politics, including its impact on governance, policy-making, and societal norms. This involves studying the influence of religious parties, the relationship between religious and secular segments of society, and the implications for minority rights and freedoms. The research aims to assess the functioning of democracy in the counter-relations between religion and society, evaluating the extent to which democratic principles are upheld and the challenges faced in maintaining democratic governance amidst religious diversity and societal divisions. This objective is demonstrated by exploring the complexities of identity within Israeli society, including Jewish identity and the intersections between religious, cultural, and national identities. This involves examining how identity politics shapes political discourse, electoral behavior, and policy priorities. By analyzing the complexities of Israeli politics, the research seeks to identify key challenges facing the nation - tensions between religious and secular forces and uncover opportunities for fostering greater social cohesion, promoting democratic values, and addressing issues of religious pluralism. The main question investigated here is if we can trace an accelerated Israelization of Haredim due to local and global political changes and the fight for existence against terrorism that have changed the social and cultural nature of Israel in the last year?

THE SINO-PAK STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP AND INDIA'S REGIONAL AIM IN SOUTH ASIA: AN ANALYSIS

In recent years amid 2013-2024, Sino-Pak relations witnessed a qualitative transformation as bilateral ties expanded in strategic perspective. Pakistan has been forced to pursue a strategic collaboration with China in order to preserve the balance of power in South Asia as a result of the dynamic post 9/11 global political changes and expanding strategic partnership between the US and India. Under the auspices of the Indo-US strategic partnership, India is making most of its resources and collaborating with US in a number of areas, including energy, defense and security, so as to fulfill its ambitions of becoming a dominating force in the region and building blue water navy. India regional aspirations are too great for Pakistan to overcome on its own. In order to oppose India's imperial aspirations in South Asian area, the Sino-Pak formed a strategic alliance. This study will pose some queries about most recent iterations of this partnership. In this research, strategic partnership amid two countries is described using a Rational Actor Model. The research goes on to say that Sino-Pak will not be deterred from pursuing the project despite India's assertion that corridor route goes through disputed Northern Pakistani territory.

How do Islamic movements in the 19th and 20th centuries in Egypt help define Islamic modernity?

This research article explores the concept of multiple “modernities” as a counter to Western modernity, with a specific focus on the modernization of Islam. The paper provides a historical context to the modernization of Islam by examining 18th, 19th, and 20th-century Islamic reforms and their impact on the religion while staying true to its core principles. It also examines the influence of globalization on Islamic nations, using Egypt as an example. The article challenges the Western-centric narrative of modernity by emphasizing that modernity is not confined to Europe and can emerge under different conditions in diverse regions. The study highlights the Tajdid movement, the Muslim Brotherhood, and the Salafat movement as examples of Islamic modernization efforts. The research demonstrates how these movements aimed to reform Islam while addressing global political, social, and economic changes. The article concludes that Islamic modernity is a dynamic and multifaceted phenomenon that combines traditional Islamic teachings with contemporary contexts.

ANALYSIS OF TOLERANCE AS A SYSTEMIC CHARACTERISTIC OF A STUDENT'S PERSONALITY

In the article, it is noted that in the modern world, in the context of global socio-economic and political changes, the problem of tolerance is attracting increasingly more attention, and this, in turn, engages more researchers to its solution. Intolerance has become one of the biggest global problems of the modern world. In these conditions, it is important for science and practice to resolve the issue of identifying the conditions for the development of tolerance, tools with which to determine the level and ways of its development, based on individual, age, and other personality characteristics. It can best be achieved in the conditions of higher education. In the article, the key and root issues of intolerance among student youth are outlined, and vectors of systemic integration of shaping tolerance into higher education curricula are suggested.

Three Concepts of Internationalism in the Global South: Solidarism, Pluralism, and Developmentalism

Throughout modern history, internationalism has been one of the most powerful forces that drives global political changes. While existing research focuses exceptionally on liberal internationalism, studies devoted to internationalism beyond its liberal and Western forms remain relatively scant. Building on a conception that perceives internationalism as a form of human practices, this article explores the evolution of the concept of internationalism in the Global South through a series of political practices from the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 and the 1955 Asian-African Conference in Bandung to the proposal of the New International Economic Order in 1974 and the BRICS’s contestation over NATO’s Libyan intervention in 2011. It is argued that the normative core of internationalism in the Global South is constituted of three major components – pluralism, solidarism, and developmentalism, each in its particular form. Taken together, it envisions an international order rooted in the solidarity of the post-colonial peoples based on their shared colonial past, underpinned by a pluralistic outlook of political life, and places emphasis on redistributive justice in structuring the international economic order. Though some argue that with the rise of the BRICS countries, there will be a revival of Global South internationalism, this article concludes that this is not likely to happen at present.

Government healthcare spending in times of economic sanctions

ABSTRACT Worldwide, countries are constantly exposed to the effects of global political and economic changes owing to benefit-sharing connections, whereby changes in the forms of relationships and sanction impositions can put pressure on countries’ financing systems, including the healthcare sector. This study examines the effects of economic sanctions on government healthcare spending. Quantitative data on government healthcare spending from the WHO covering the 2000–2020 period were evaluated using the Wilcoxon – Mann – Whitney test. The results showed that government healthcare spending in Iraq, Libya, and Iran did not respond to economic sanctions but it did decline significantly in Venezuela, suggesting a limited effect on countries with long economic sanction experiences. With the world’s continuous political and economic uncertainty, countries worldwide should not focus on short-term plans but regularly revise and bolster their healthcare financing pool and maintain financing strategies that limit the effect of global political and economic changes.

Таможенное регулирование импорта оборудования в условиях санкций западных стран

Against the backdrop of modern global economic and political changes, the article analyzes the strategy of customs regulation in the context of the import of industrial equipment, which was under the influence of sanctions from Western countries. The research material presented in the article is an attempt to clarify and detail the impact of external restrictions on industrial activity in the Russian Federation. Given the dynamism of the modern world economic order, the article provides an in-depth analysis of many aspects of customs regulation, which can dramatically affect the processes of importing equipment of various kinds. Particular attention is paid to the study of how sanctions can affect the existing business processes of organizations involved in the supply of equipment to the Russian Federation, and the article also reflects how companies can adapt and find alternative ways to supply the necessary equipment. Within the framework of the article, the author provides recommendations that will not contradict the customs legislation, and which cover a wide range of approaches to the supply of equipment: from finding new suppliers outside the sanctions zones to stimulating domestic production resources.

Factors of sustainable economic growth in the context of risks and priorities of business development in the conditions of war.

The management of threats and risks of food security does not meet the needs of the sustainability of the development of the food system in the conditions of modern upheavals and stresses. The new geopolitical and economic conditions of the functioning of the sphere of food production and consumption require the formation of a new concept of economic security. Based on the assessment of modern threats and risks to the sustainable development of the food system, the authors developed a categorical apparatus and formed their own system of methodological principles for the study of the economic growth of the food system. The sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex is of particular importance for increasing competitiveness and ensuring the country's food security. In general, the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex allows to create conditions for the transformation of companies' strategies in the field of ESG, to form stable supply chains, to create favorable conditions for the development of the connection between the city and agricultural territories, to satisfy the needs of the population and to improve the quality of life of the population. The research methodology, based on a systemic, complex, institutional approach, made it possible to determine the content of economic security as its ability to ensure the stability and competitiveness of all elements and the ability to resist external and internal threats, guaranteeing food security at the level determined by strategic national priorities. The purpose of the article is to define and substantiate the directions and priorities of sustainable growth and post-war development of the economy of Ukraine. Factors of sustainable development are proposed, taking into account external and internal risks and competitiveness priorities. The importance of finding innovative approaches to the management of subjects of economic relations in post-war conditions is proven. The problems and priorities of achieving sustainable functioning of the economy based on a closed cycle of production and achieving the goals of sustainable development are defined. Global political and economic changes lead to the fact that a company successful in the past pre-war conditions can become both an outsider and a leader of a new paradigm of sustainable economic systems. It is substantiated that the proposed methodological approach should be used as a basis for monitoring the economic security of the food system at the macro- and meso-level, as well as in the development of directions for improving the agro-food policy in new geopolitical and economic conditions. Keywords: economic security, growth, risks, food system, sustainable development, national interests, threats, ESG factors, innovation and investment activities

Current State Analysis of Croatian Manufacturing Industry with Regard to Industry 4.0/5.0

It has been more than a decade since the introduction of the Industry 4.0 paradigm. Since then, many issues have been raised in the world: the COVID-19 pandemic, sustainable development goals, and recent dramatic changes in global politics. The global value chains were broken during the pandemic, and the importance of humans as the most important element of the production system was highlighted. It caused rethinking about current industrial paradigms, including the brand new paradigm of Industry 4.0. More focus has been put on human workers, sustainability, and the resilience of the value chain, so the Industry 4.0 update was presented as Industry 5.0. A specific methodology to evaluate the maturity level of the manufacturing industry with regard to Industry 4.0/5.0 is presented and tested in the Croatian manufacturing industry. The developed methodology is unique since it puts Industry 5.0 in the right context with Industry 4.0. Therefore, the Industry 4.0 index remains the main indicator; however, alignment with three Industry 5.0 aims (human-centricity, sustainability, and resilience) represents three additional indicators. The results of the current state analysis are presented as a case study with a discussion about the results and methodology itself.

World Order Transformation from the Grassroots: Global South Social Movements and the Transcendence of Established Approaches to International Change

Abstract In contrast to traditional top-down perspectives, this article aims to shed alternative light on the prospects for change in global order through evaluating how perspectives offered among social movements located in the Global South consider how change can take place beyond established approaches. With reference to perspectives offered among the Global Tapestry of Alternatives, the article elucidates a model of global political change that transcends reformist and revolutionary dynamics, and which bypasses dominant state and intergovernmental institutions. The analysis highlights the ontological divide between these approaches and reformist and revolutionary perspectives, given their pluriversality drawing on concepts that to date have received inadequate attention in the study of international relations. The article further considers how these approaches—given their deep roots in long-established communitarian practices and their pluriversality—may be addressing today's crisis of global order from the bottom-up in ways that may avoid limitations of previous change agendas.

The Impact of the Dispute over the Rule of Law in Poland on the Status of Normative Power Europe

The central claim of the paper is that the European Union, understood through the concept of Normative Power Europe, is a sui generis global actor that will not be successful in achieving its international goals unless it upholds its foundational values at home. Internal disputes among Member States over fundamental and core values weaken the organisation’s international standing, which may lead to the risk of the European Union losing its comparative strength that differentiates it from other global powers and that gives it a unique place in international politics. This is particularly important in the times of constant change in global politics and new security, political and economic challenges, such as the role of China, democratic backsliding in the Global South countries and the Russian aggression against Ukraine. All these call for a strong and effective European Union, which, we argue, will not be possible, unless the organisation is able to keep internal disputes at check by ensuring compliance with the values it is based on. Based the case study of Poland, the paper demonstrates that it may be difficult, if not impossible, for the European Union to effectively uphold the respect for its fundamental norms, principles and standards among its members. This in turn will impede the Normative Power Europe status.

«Надо б в церкви, для крепости»: почему в 1920-е годы в Советской России продолжали венчаться

This article explores religious marriage in the USSR during the New Economic Policy (NEP). From the start, the Soviet authorities made great efforts to gradually eliminate religious beliefs within Soviet society. One of the first steps in that direction was the removal of marriage from Church jurisdiction. Moreover, Soviet power was constantly trying to compromise the tradition of religious marriage. However, many people still preferred to be married in church in addition to civil registration. A wide range of historical sources studied in this research (political and sanitary propaganda, communist and entertainment media, printed court reports) reveals that the new “civil” marriage was considered to be extremely unreliable by “ordinary” people, especially young girls of marriageable age and their parents. It was too easy to enter into such a marriage and to end it. It was associated with divorces, alimony suits, almost legalized cheating. The intention to marry in church at least meant a serious commitment, a willingness to take responsibility. Also, even many years later, during the Census of 1937, the majority of the population of the USSR considered themselves believers. This situation continued until a crucial change in ideology and social politics took place in the late 1920s, when most churches were closed. This study is focused on psychology of the “little man” in an epoch of global political and social changes.

Returns, Political Developments and Economic Forces: A Historical Perspective on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (Jse): 2010 - 2020

To contribute to economic growth and development, a stock market, as a leading economic indicator, should reflect the macroeconomic fundamentals of a country by reacting to political, economic and other significant events via return adjustments for companies listed on the stock market. This article aims to provide a historical perspective on how political and economic events reflected in returns on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) between 2010 and 2022. An event study methodology establishes whether the top 20 best and worst weekly return periods on the JSE all-share index (ALSI) coincided with local and international events. The performance of the JSE during this period is dominated by events related to recovering economies and stock markets after the Global Financial Crisis, substantial influence by the U.S. and China, and the devastating effect of the COVID-19 pandemic during 2020. The study concludes that although the JSE clearly and immediately reflected global macroeconomic and political changes, it responded little, or for long, to local developments. However, these local developments and structural deficiencies collectively caused share market performance in South Africa to disconnect from the developed world since 2013, contributing to poor local market performance, reduced investor confidence and increased capital outflows.

The Impact of the Russia-Ukraine War on Stock Market Securities Indexes

The article discusses the factors affecting the stock market. The relevance of this topic is growing more and more in the background of modern processes, crises, pandemics and war in the world. In particular, the article talks about the Russia-Ukraine war, which shook the global economy and hampered the operation of the stock market. The Russia-Ukraine crisis escalated on February 21, 2022, when Russia recognized Ukraine's Donetsk and Lugansk regions as independent states. World leaders called the action an act of war. Russia's invasion of Ukraine has created geopolitical risks. In Summary, the development of the securities market is the most important factor for economic health and strength. Even the slightest changes in global politics affect them. Therefore, naturally, the Russia-Ukraine war had an impact on the functioning of the stock market. The reason for this is that all investors, throughout the year, carefully observe the events and processes taking place in the world and take them into account when making decisions. Keywords: stock market, securities, impact of the Russia-Ukraine war, stock index, geopolitical threat.

The Effect of Job Satisfaction on Organizational Commitment: A Research

The dynamic structures of the global world, technological, political, and strategic developments and cultural changes have led to new developments in assessing the workforce, which is considered the basic intellectual capital in the business world. Positive approaches and behaviors in the workforce are essential to achieve efficiency and sustainability at both personal and organizational levels by ensuring a competitive advantage under intense market conditions. The goal of all organizations that wish to achieve success is to ensure that employees actively participate in the organizational structure through staff empowerment and increase performance by using initiative to participate in managerial processes. Consequently, in today's world, where competitive conditions are both inconsistent and harsh, more research is conducted on how to use human resources in the most effective and efficient way.
 The primary objective of this research is to investigate the impact of job satisfaction on employees by examining its effect on organizational commitment in business life. In this study, resources from national and international portals on organizational behavior, organizational commitment and suggested theories, job satisfaction and factors that affect job satisfaction were investigated. The data obtained as a result of the research showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between job satisfaction and employees' organizational commitment in Istanbul, Turkey.

Concentrating the Spheres of Containment and Prevention in National Security Strategy ) Utilizing Tenors and Model-Buliding in Iraq)

Thinking about strategic defense fields has become of an important value in contemporary strategic writings due to considerations related to the preoccupation with them by experts and strategic planners. Further, the importance of thinking about strategic defence has increased because states need these strategies as they multiply states’ ability to interact and survive. The areas related to the strategies aim to change the status quo, and therefore the logical calculations that are interconnected with the state and its survival make it risk attaching its survival to the ability of the offensive force to achieve the goals (··(. Accordingly, the doubling of power and the state’s preservation of its prestige in the international system makes it obliged to search for areas of strategic defense that can secure the scope of its action according to a security methodology that is commensurate with the movement of changes and changing priorities of interests.
 
 
 · This view is based on the approaches of states' strategies in the international system. For more see: Robert Gilpin, War and Change in Global Politics, translated by: Omar Al-Ayoubi, Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi, Beirut, 2009. p33