Global Information Network Research Articles

Трансформация права граждан на свободу мнения в сети Интернет

Purpose. The purpose of the scientific article is to study the modern information society, as well as to consider the conditions for the development of global information and communication networks, the global information exchange system. The author has studied the current legal regulation of freedom of speech to achieve this goal. Methodology. The article applies general scientific methods of system analysis and synthesis, as well as private scientific methods: comparative, sociological. The use of methods of analysis and synthesis will determine the key scientific concepts for research. In addition, an institutional research method will be used. On its basis, in particular, the originality of the forms of regulation of the right to freedom of opinion has been revealed; specificity of regulation of restrictions of this right. The article concludes that the existing regulation does not correspond to the level of development of public relations. The fact that there are no legal instruments that can prevent the falsification of information in the media indicates that there are problems in ensuring the right of citizens to freedom of expression in cyberspace, which ensures the relevance of the study. Scientific and practical significance. Within the framework of the research, a complex scientific theoretical and legal analysis of the constitutional and legal category “the right of citizens to freedom of opinion” in cyberspace was carried out; a comparison of Russian and foreign legislation. Results. It was suggested that the concept of the right to freedom of opinion in cyberspace be structured into separate elements. Following the logic of the proposed classification, the author proposes the main directions of improving the legal regulation of this right. The significance of the study is made by proposals to improve Russian legislation in the sphere of securing the right of citizens to freedom of opinion, as well as further development of mechanisms for the realization of this right in cyberspace.

До питання прозорості та відкритості комітетів парламенту у законодавчому процесі

У статті надається порівняльний аналіз рівня ресурсного забезпечення зв’язків комітетів Верховної Ради України з громадськістю через глобальну інформаційну мережу Інтернет, використання інформаційно-комунікаційних технологій в роботі комітетів Верховної Ради України та їх зв’язках з громадянським суспільством.

Innovative Technologies in Combating Cyber Crime

So far, development and enhancement of global communication networks, distribution of software, and upgrading of computer systems are accompanied by the evolution of criminal environment, with the latter evolving not only within one particular nation but throughout the international community. New opportunities in cyber crime translate into new threats for global information networks and community as a whole, which in terms of preventing and combating cyber crime requires substantial strengthening of information security measures and an approach that is completely different from that applied to combating common crime. The article presents innovative technologies in combating cyber crime and an ever-increasing significance of information security as a system of protecting private, public and state interests. Keywords: cyber crime, cyber security, Internet, information security, innovative technologies, computer systems, information technologies (IT), cyber threats, cyber space.

Applications of information and communication technologies in the operations of industrial enterprises and the conception of economic security controlling

The research paper is devoted to the applied and the new information and communication technologies in the activity of industrial enterprises and also to ensuring the security of information as a result of the implementation of such a modern tool as controlling. The article deals with controlling procedures in relation to network, information, economic, and digital security of an industrial enterprise. The characteristics of each type of industrial enterprise safety, including cybersecurity, are given. The statistical data on availability in the organizations of the Russian Federation are analyzed: personal computers; servers; local area networks; e-mail; global information networks, of which: Internet; organizations, possessed web-site on the Internet. Data of Information and Communication Technologies in Organizations are presented by Economic Activity. Based on the studied fundamental and scientific works, the authors proposed the concept of controlling the economic security of an industrial enterprise using modern information and communication technologies. The concept of controlling economic security includes the use of information and communication technologies in the activities of industrial companies and contains the following elements: objectives; structure; procedures; tools and results analysis. Conclusions are made using a systematic approach to the study. The results of the research can be used to develop controlling programs and to verify the economic safety of industrial enterprises. In the future, the authors consider the possibility of creating their own database for controlling the economic security of high-tech companies of the Russian Federation.

К проблеме модернизации гуманитарного знания

Globalization and the Fourth Technological revolution as its driving force challenge the humanities. The growing unfitness between a highly complex, mobile and risky globalization process and current short-term and monodisciplinary approach to the study of it is still characteristic to the majority of humanities. The article is grounded on the review of works of leading world theorists in modernization (Z. Bauman, U. Beck, M. Castells, M. Fisher-Kowalski, A. Giddens, J. Urry), on the author’s personal experience in running a set of international and domestic research projects, including multilevel studies of urban structures, socio-ecological and disaster issues, and the study of social movements in Russia and abroad. Compilation chronic of socioecological conflicts, building graphs of disposition of forces involved, semi-structured in-depth interviews, and including observation have been used. The major research findings are the following. First, the humanities should follow the above global space-time changes. Second, a mass digital transformation of public life is going on and the study of facts is gradually replaced by the study of dramatized facts produced and spread by media. Third, a new object of study, the sociobiotechnical systems (the SBT-systems) have emerged in which social, biological and technical structures and processes are highly integrated by various metabolic processes. Fourth, an existing social order (on all levels) is critically lags behind and therefore is replacing by temporal agreements, road-maps, etc. Fifth, a global information network is potentially all-embracing and all-penetrating risk which destroys the very essence of a man’s privacy. Sixth, metabolic processes are a double-sided phenomenon, physical-chemical and social as such. Seventh, all above processes challenge the established forms of social researches. Their organizational structure should fit to multisided and nonlinear processes of the SBT-system evolution combining top-down and bottom-up approaches. Eight, the ‘technological innovation—social life—the humanities’ interactions should be studied at all levels of the SBT-system functioning and evolution.

Internet of Things (IoT) in Industry: Contemporary Application Domains, Innovative Technologies and Intelligent Manufacturing

Internet of Things (IoT) is a rapidly growing innovative technology with various applications, functions and services in everyday life and in a wide range of markets and industries. It can be defined as a global dynamic information network that involves interconnected devices and objects and aims at the mutual interconnection and interaction among people, services and devices at any time and regardless of location. IoT utilizes numerous innovative and advanced technologies in order to integrate intelligence into devices so that they can process information and data and gain knowledge. As an outcome, real-time, autonomous and human like intelligent decision-making systems that reduce the need for human involvement and intervention, are developed. Using this advanced network of interconnected devices in addition to its novel technologies, applications and services cannot only enhance life quality, but can also result in personal, professional and economic benefits. Hence, it has rapidly attracted the interest of organizations, industries and enterprises and has been regarded as an innovation enabler and explorer of new initiatives in industrial domains. Nonetheless, there are still challenges and open research issues that need to be investigated and addressed in order for IoT to be adopted and fully utilized by industries and enterprises. This study scrutinizes IoT from an industrial perspective and presents some of its numerous application domains (i.e. transportation and logistics, healthcare and sanitary, smart cities, smart environments and industry). It describes the context of Industry 4.0 and analyzes its involved innovative key technologies (i.e. cloud computing, Big Data (BD), Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) along with their benefits. Moreover, it explores the concept of intelligent manufacturing and looks into the main IoT challenges and open research issues.

Providing library and information support for education

The library’s strategies for improving the information and library support of the innovative processes in Ukraine’s educational sphere in the context of European integration have been defined in the article. Among the main achievements of V. O. Sukhomlynskyi State Scientific and Pedagogical Library of Ukraine of the NAPS of Ukraine, a system of library and information support for national education has been emphasized. It has been noted that the activity of V. O. Sukhomlynskyi SSPL of Ukraine of the NAPS of Ukraine is aimed at improving library and information support for education by forming a new socio-cultural image of the library, which can effectively meet the needs of modern users; which has powerful databases that provide free and unlimited access to global information networks and data banks due to the widespread use of new information and communication technologies. It has been stressed that the main goal of the libraries network is the development of a single sector of information resources, the creation of a system of scientific and information support for education by integrating the information resources of educational libraries. It has been emphasized that the library network serves more than 7.7 million users, who annually receive about 49 million copies of documents. The presence of rare and valuable publications in the SSPL of Ukraine, which are an important component of the educational libraries’ information resources as well as the national property of Ukraine, has also been noted. The attention has been focused on the positive developments in the library and information support for education, observed in recent years. At the same time, a number of serious problems have been noted that affect the quality of library and information support for education, and a number of effective solutions have been suggested for improving library and information support and the introduction of innovations in the field of education in Ukraine within the framework of the European integration society.

Digitally Mediated Iconoclasm: the Islamic State and the war on cultural heritage

This paper puts forward the new analytical framework of ‘Digitally Mediated Iconoclasm’ (DMI) to analyse and interpret iconoclastic acts that are experienced through the propaganda (videos, social media, photographs, and other media) that the actor perpetrating the destruction makes available in global information networks for its consumption, duplication, and distribution. DMI captures three stages of the destruction (before, during and after the event) as both evidence of that destruction and as a perdurable digital archive. To demonstrate the relevance of DMI, we focus on an analysis of the videos and photographs depicting heritage destruction at pre-monotheistic sites targeted by the Islamic State (IS), such as Palmyra in Syria, the Mosul Cultural Museum, Nineveh and Nimrud in Iraq. The analysis focuses on the three stages that DMI comprises, showing the different photographic and audio-visual production techniques that the IS uses to enhance the tension that is built up leading to the destruction of cultural heritage while allocating material and human resources to produce digital propaganda. This analysis demonstrates how the analytical framework of DMI can be used to advance important work in heritage and media studies.

Report of the 2017 IEEE Cyber Science and Technology Congress

The modern digitized world has led to the emergence of a new paradigm on global information networks and infrastructures known as Cyberspace and the studies of Cybernetics, which bring seamless integration of physical, social and mental spaces. Cyberspace is becoming an integral part of our daily life from learning and entertainment to business and cultural activities. As expected, this whole concept of Cybernetics brings new challenges that need to be tackled. The 2017 IEEE Cyber Science and Technology Congress (CyberSciTech 2017) provided a forum for researchers to report their research findings and exchange ideas. The congress took place in Orlando, Florida, USA during 6–10 November 2017. Not counting poster papers, the congress accepted over fifty papers that are divided into nine sessions. In this report, we provide an overview of the research contributions of the papers in CyberSciTech 2017.

CYBERSPACE AND ITS CONCEPTUAL COMPONENTS

The article considers the problems of the Internet as a global information network and cyberspace. The main focus ofthe study is the disclosure ofthe complex and contradictory nature of the impact of the Internet on transformation processes of modern societies.

The phenomenon of hypertext in Internet and Philosophy of postmodernism

The article contains general definition of the phenomenon of hypertext and the Internet in a virtual consciousness philosophy of post-modernism. Describes the phenomenon of hypertext as nonlinear forms of computer and literary texts, its structural units and the main aspects of the organization of hypertext.The article contains the detailed analysis of publications on the issue of hypertext and the history of investigation of this problem.The specific features which allow defining of hypertext as the brand new phenomenon are analyzed in the article. Among them we can mention the following points:- Hypertext is constantly updateable, amendable, editable;- Hypertext has neither any set beginning or the end nor any hierarchical structure;- Hypertext has decentralized nature;- The specific features of hypertext are manifested in text transformations. If an "ordinary" text has linear character, and one can move in its "area" only in the directions limited by one and the same space, then rhizomorphic hypertext opens new "transverse" changes in the text Universe. The way of organizing of text in Internet corresponds to the major ideas of "nomadology" and "Rhizome" developed by Gilles Deleuze and F?lix Guattari in their Capitalism and Schizophrenia (1972-1980) project.Postmodernist electronic hypertext is a phenomenon by its nature opposite to modernist printed text. This allows us to consider hypertext as one of the features of coming of "post- Gutenberg era".Hypertext fundamentally changes the way of construction of text environment - to replace the one-dimensional text comes multi-dimensional. In the phenomenon of the global information network, created on the basis of hypertext technology, - intertextual fiber, series of texts, which intercross with other texts, produce new texts.In conclusions of the article - the characterization of hypertext as postmodernist phenomenon is given and the major views of postmodernism which are represented in hypertext - plurality, decentration, fragmentariness, intertextuality - are provided.

DETERMINING THE UTILITY OF PMOD IMAGE QUANTIFICATION SOFTWARE FOR PROCESSING [11C]PIB AND [18F]FLUTEMETAMOL IMAGES IN A PET-ONLY PIPELINE TO GENERATE SUVR FOR QUANTIFICATION ON THE CENTILOID SCALE

Utilising a standardised quantitative imaging analysis scale, Centiloid, for comparing β-amyloid imaging tracers in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been promoted by the Global Alzheimer's Association Information Network (GAAIN), with established process pipelines reported (Rowe et al., 2016). We previously reported data confirming Centiloid pipeline implementation in PMOD Image Quantification Software produced results highly concordant with the GAAIN data. However, these pipelines require both PET and MRI images for processing. MRIs were not obtained for end-of-life subjects in GE Healthcare's pivotal registration studies for [18F]Flutemetamol Injection. Therefore, for these subjects we evaluated the utility of PMOD for application in PET-only image analysis. Using Centiloid Volume of Interest (VOI) regions, GAAIN [11C]PiB images (YC-0, n=34; AD-100, n=45) were processed using a PET-only method. Standard Uptake Value ratios (SUVr's) and Centiloid values for the VOI regions were calculated, and compared with published values by way of validation (Klunk et.al., 2015). The utility of PMOD's PET-only method was assessed by cross-compared to the PET/MRI method using the Centiloid standard CTX VOI. Subsequently, subjects from GE Healthcare's pivotal autopsy studies were evaluated using PMOD's PET-only method. Tissue-based autopsy measures were used in a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to estimate the Centiloid value corresponding to boundaries used in CERAD pathology assessments in regards to AD classification. For all subjects, we found the [11C]PiB SUVr values were within recommended limits of the published set for the key reference region (whole cerebellum). When converted to Centiloid values, there was a high degree of correlation between the GAAIN data and values derived from PMOD. PET-only processing was applied to the autopsy-cohort [18F]flutemetamol images. Centiloid values were compared to the tissue based neuritic plaque assessments. ROC analysis determined the CERAD designation boundary's in Centiloid units. PET-only image processing, such as the one established using PMOD, provide an alternate method of Centiloid processing, and is suitable for assessing subjects without MRI. The SUVr and Centiloid values obtained from our autopsy cohort proved suitable for determining the CERAD pathological boundaries in Centiloids equivalent units, indicating that [18F]flutemetamol Centiloid values can be related to CERAD style stratification.

Features of construction systems of distributed content-monitoring of global information networks

The properties of information flows are examined taking into account their belonging to segments of global networks. The article describes how to implement content-monitoring with taking to account continuous increasing complexity of the Internet segments and available for use practical methods of construction of distributed content monitoring systems. Particular importance attaches to this issue in carrying out activities aimed at preventing, timely detection, termination or neutralization of real and potential threats to state information security. Organization of effective counteraction to the challenges and threats to national security and its specific manifestations in the information sphere is one of the urgent tasks, the solution of which is an important task in terms of building civil society and the rule of law. Capture and synthesis of large dynamic content streams that are continuously generated in the Internet space requires qualitatively new methods and approaches to implement information security measures. Study of information needs and requirements formation for the implementation of similar systems suggests that the usage of distributed (segmented) content monitoring of global networks/media and f full set of interaction interfaces of segments of global networks and their monitoring tools is important in the process of content monitoring (scanning) of the Internet. The complexity of segments of the Internet as a software and technical objects is essential, not a secondary property. Designing software and hardware for distributed content monitoring of global networks / media, abstracting from both their complexity and their essence. The solution of such problems is based on the InfoStream content monitoring system. When building expert systems of distributed content monitoring, perceived the need to consider the level of popularity (availability) segment of the Internet and its efficiency in shaping the content, of different approaches to collecting and providing information interfaces interaction, so each “singled-out” segment of the global Internet is expedient of forming own knowledge base and receptions.

SDN Enabled 5G-VANET: Adaptive Vehicle Clustering and Beamformed Transmission for Aggregated Traffic

With the anticipated arrival of autonomous vehicles, supporting vehicle generated data traffic due to the dramatically increased use of in-vehicle mobile Internet access will become extremely challenging in 5G-based vehicular networks. This is mainly due to the high mobility of vehicles on the road and the high complexity of 5G HetNets. In order to support the increasing traffic and improve Het- Net management, an SDN enabled 5G VANET is proposed in this article, where neighboring vehicles are clustered adaptively according to real-time road conditions using SDN's global information gathering and network control capabilities. With proposed dual cluster head design and dynamic beamforming coverage, both trunk link communication quality and network robustness of vehicle clusters are significantly enhanced. Furthermore, an adaptive transmission scheme with selective modulation and power control is proposed to improve the capacity of the trunk link between the cluster head and base station. With cooperative communication between the mobile gateway candidates, the latency of traffic aggregation and distribution is also reduced. Computer simulation results show that the proposed design substantially improved 5G users' bit error rate and trunk link throughput rate.

Slovak media role in promoting cultural diversity

With the impressive development in the fields of information and communication, considerable attention has been paid, in recent times, to cultural diversity in the media as a means of preserving the identity or social relations between communities and cultures, while promoting local cultural expression and local languages. Nowadays, the media environment offers more choices, provides opportunities for cultural expression and dialogue, and facilitates the exchange of information at a global level. Several policies have been developed with the objective of promoting cultural diversity in the media, which clearly highlight the importance of promoting the production, safeguarding and dissemination of diversified content in the media and in global information networks. Cultural diversity, through the use of the media, has historical, linguistic, philosophical, ethical, sociological, political and economic foundations. It is part of the domestic policy of each state. The paper deals with the policy of the Slovak Republic in relation to cultural diversity, based on the fact, that Slovakia is a multiethnic country, which officially recognizes 13 national minorities. Minority culture is, at the local, regional and national level being developed through the work of national professional theatre and dance groups, national museums, broadcasting for national minorities, periodical press in the languages of national minorities, as well as educational activities. The most important source of financial support for the culture of national minorities and ethnic groups is a program called «Culture of National Minorities » of the Government Office of the Slovak Republic. The paper also considers the current role of the media with regard to national minorities in society, in particular the preservation of national identity, language and ancestor’s traditions.

Archives in the Internet Space

Presentation of information resources of the Russian archives in global information networks is an actual task of the current stage of archives management development. This task is a part of the Program of archives management informatization in the Russian Federation. The report highlights results of a project on creating an information portal „Archives of Russia“. Infrastructure of the portal, its main aims, formation of information resources are considered in it. Basic methodical approaches to the portal’s structure, forms and methods of work on filling the resource and support it in a working order are also reflected in this report. The main purpose of the portal is to give users additional opportunities to get access to archives, finding aids, specific records and their collections based on modern information technologies. The author describes principal methods for enhanced interaction of archives and their users in the process of obtaining necessary new information, legal basis for such cooperation, fulfillment of social and legal, and case requests of users. Major forms of archival records’ usage: central fund catalogue, state register of unique records of the Russian Federation Archival fund, guides to the Russian archives, electronic inventories of federal archives, online - projects exhibitions, electronic library, services to users in electronic form are mentioned in the report. Portal „Archives of Russia“ gives an opportunity to provide direct access to 85 regional archival resources and allows for a possibility of its expansion and additions. The author also presents a related project for creation of a virtual reading room in federal archives. As a part of this project it is expected to provide online - user access to archival records, including possibility of copying them. These projects will greatly enlarge the abilities of users to archives’ access by using modern information technologies and enable greater participation of the Russian archives in the world information space.

The National Library of Medicine's TOXNET system and other global toxicology information networks

The National Library of Medicine's TOXNET system and other global toxicology information networks

Visual structure analysis of compound reliefs of milli hats used by men in Makriyan region

The major part of Kurdish arts has been traditionally created by women. These women have inherited old distant memories generations after generations and will also leave them as inheritance to succeeding generations. The most significant of these arts is the art of knitting which bears significant importance amongst women. The Milli hat is one of the most elaborately hand-woven crafts created by Kurdish women in Makriyan region. They use diverse ways of symmetry to bring graceful and exquisite reliefs into being and present them to their men. The present study aims to collect, identify and visually analyze the compound recurring reliefs on this type of hat. The research was initiated with the question “What are the visual structure and visual characteristics of compound reliefs applied on Milli hats by men in Makriyan region?”. The descriptive-analytical method is used. Therefore, the reliefs were firstly collected and identified based on field-study method, then they were separated and analyzed in terms of visual structure of reliefs. The results showed that most decorative motifs used in this type of hand-woven craft had geometric structure. They were generated using diverse methods of symmetry and created various and beautiful reliefs with live geometric structure. The compound reliefs were mostly created by translational symmetry. The data were collected using field-study method, written sources, library as well as a global information network (Internet). Key Words : traditional arts, Milli hats by Makriyan, compound reliefs, symmetry

Microbiological Anomalies?

If a Martin or Venusian were to visit Earth, then he, she, or it might be puzzled by several aspects of our relationship with microorganisms. Not being familiar with viruses, bacteria, or microfungi back home, but being ferociously intelligent, he, she, or it might, for example, wonder why, decades after the discovery that touch was at least as important as the aerial route in the dissemination of respiratory pathogens, health education remains almost entirely based on coughing and sneezing. The alien might also be perplexed that a global information network, the World Wide Web, purveys accurate, credible advice about infections such as candidiasis and Lyme disease alongside—and with the same prominence as—nonsense.

Exodus from Sovereign Risk: Global Asset and Information Networks in the Pricing of Corporate Credit Risk

ABSTRACTUsing five‐year credit default swap (CDS) spreads on 2,364 companies in 54 countries from 2004 to 2011, we find that firms exposed to stronger property rights through their foreign asset positions (institutional channel) and firms cross‐listed on exchanges with stricter disclosure requirements (informational channel) reduce their CDS spreads by 40 bps for a one‐standard‐deviation increase in their exposure to the two channels. These channels capture effects beyond those associated with firm‐ and country‐level fundamentals. Overall, we find that firm‐level global asset and information connections are important mechanisms to delink firms from their sovereign and country risks.