Global Hunger Index Research Articles

A Comprehensive Analysis of the Relationship Between GDP and the Global Hunger Index Over the Last 20 Years

This study examines the relationship between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and the Global Hunger Index (GHI) over the past two decades. By analyzing data from various countries across different income levels, the research explores how economic growth intersects with hunger dynamics. The study utilizes reputable sources, including reports from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), and the World Bank. The findings highlight that while GDP per capita is an important factor in reducing hunger, other elements such as income inequality, education, health expenditure, agricultural productivity, and governance significantly influence hunger outcomes. The research underscores the necessity for holistic approaches that integrate economic growth with social equity and effective policy interventions to eradicate hunger globally.

Transition toward Sustainability in the Moroccan Food System: Drivers, Outcomes, and Challenges

Nowadays, food systems are undergoing major transformations to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, there are a lack of comprehensive reviews on this topic in developing countries. This work highlights food systems’ transition towards sustainability, focusing on Morocco. It was carried out through searching, selecting, evaluating, and synthesizing existing relevant scholarly and gray literature. In Morocco, a meaningful transition towards sustainability is being guided and carried out on several levels, despite numerous challenges, e.g., inability to cope with the detrimental effects of climate change and escalating water scarcity constitute fundamental problems. However, there are conflicting views on the outcomes of food system transformation. Some studies showed that Morocco has increased its agri-food export and reduced poverty to less than 5% of the population over the past decade; the proportion of wasted and malnourished children has declined from 25 to 15% and 4 to 3%, respectively, and the 2023 Global Hunger Index (GHI) showed a score of 9.0. Other studies showed that North Africa has entered a food security crisis; specifically, food inflation has reached unprecedented levels in Morocco. This paper provides valuable insights for policymakers and planners to design evidence-based policies and strategies to boost sustainable development in Morocco.

Mechanism of synergy between public health, food safety and consumer behavior: the role of neuromarketing

Methods. The results of the study were obtained by using the following methods: comparison – when studying the dynamics of the global hunger index and the GTI in Ukraine to determine Ukraine's place in the world food security ranking; general and specific – when establishing the relationship between food security and the public health system; standard methods of sociological research – when studying the behavior of food consumers as a result of the use of various neuromarketing methods; structural and logical analysis – when justifying the use of neuromarketing methods to improve the country's food security and directly affect the development of the public health system. Results. The role of positive changes in the regulatory and legal support for the functioning of the integrated public health system in Ukraine in the context of European integration processes is shown. The position of Ukraine in the world food security ranking among the indicators of 125 countries is investigated. The dynamics of the factors influencing the formation of the GHI is analyzed. It is proved that food security is one of the components of the public health system. The reasons for the food problem in the world and in Ukraine in particular are considered. Examples of the application of neuromarketing methods as a tool for influencing food security and the public health system in general are given. Positive and negative factors of influence of neuromarketing methods on the public health system are systematized. The necessity of further scientific research on the synergy of neuromarketing, food security and the public health system as factors influencing the overall well-being of the population is emphasized. Novelty. The article is the first to investigate the aspects of synergy between public health, food security and neuromarketing in Ukraine in the current conditions of ecosystem disruption during the period of military aggression. Practical value. The application of neuromarketing methods to improve the promotion of food products on the market aimed at ensuring food security of the country, improving public welfare and further development of the public health system is proposed.

Geodiversity of research: geographical topic focus, author location, and collaboration. A case study of SDG 2: zero hunger

This bibliometric study examined three aspects of geodiversity of research, namely the geographical topic focus of the study, author location, and international collaboration dynamics. The publication dataset comprised 60,000 papers from the Dimensions database that have been associated with hunger research using Digital Science’s machine learning algorithm that enhances expert led search strategies. As the research was related to hunger, papers were mapped on to the Global Hunger Index country categories as convenient classification. Only 41% of hunger-related publications that focus on countries most affected by hunger feature authors affiliated to institutions in those countries. Even fewer of those publications feature locally based authors in first or last position. These numbers gradually reverse as the level of hunger declines. We analyse sample papers in an attempt to understand the reasons for these trends. These included differences in research infrastructure, sub-authorship recognition such as acknowledgements, and limitations of the relationship between country mention and real topical focus. We did not find evidence of widespread differences between senior and overall authorship and consequently urge caution before judging international collaborations as ‘helicopter’ research based only on author country affiliations and authorship position.

Perceptions of poverty: Evaluating Multidimensional Poverty Assessment Tool derived rankings and global development indicators in five African nations

AbstractThis study assessed an array of indicators for rural poverty assessments and evaluated use of the Multidimensional Poverty Assessment Tool (MPAT) as a proxy for commonly used indicators, such as the Human Development Index, Gross National Income, Global Hunger Index, and the Gender Inequality Index. MPAT data from 5322 rural households across five countries in Africa were analyzed. While MPAT aligned well with development indicators for Kenya, Lesotho, and Tanzania, this was not the case for Eswatini and Zimbabwe. Overall, MPAT‐based rankings correlated well with hunger, food security, and gender equality indicators. Our findings highlight the use of MPAT‐derived indices as valuable supplements for commonly used development indicators.

Navigating Indian Societal Dynamics: Explorations and Vision

The traditional Aristotelian unities, once confined to the realm of tragedy, now transcend their original context and play a crucial role in contemporary society’s pursuit of inclusivity and sustainability. This paper examines the pressing challenges faced by humanity, as evidenced by reports such as the World Happiness Report and the Global Hunger Index, and emphasizes the urgent need for addressing fundamental human needs. While the debate over human evolution persists, the focus of this study shifts towards the exploration of life’s purpose. By juxtaposing Aristotelian principles with modern paradigms of science, humanity, and society, this research prompts discussions on empathy, human sensitivity, and emotional intelligence. Highlighting the interconnectedness of individual choices and societal impacts, the paper advocates for prioritizing Emotional Intelligence (EI) over the prevalent trend of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to foster deeper societal understanding. In the Indian context, a nation known for its multiculturalism and pluralism, the narrative centers on post-independence India’s journey. Despite the challenges posed by colonial rule, India has emerged as a beacon of inclusivity, championing knowledge sovereignty and celebrating diverse moralities. Embracing the ethos of Indian Swaraj, citizens are positioned as agents of change, driving progress through parallel knowledge systems and advocating for global inclusivity. The forthcoming Presidency of G20 presents an opportunity to promote productive global collaborations and foster peaceful coexistence. Additionally, the paper explores the philosophical underpinnings of Emile Durkheim’s Structural-Functionalism, offering insights into social integration and coherence. It also examines the practical implications of scientific knowledge, highlighting its transformative potential in societal contexts. Ultimately, this discourse serves as a call to action, urging societies to reassess their paradigms, embrace inclusivity, and prioritize emotional intelligence in navigating contemporary challenges. Through proactive engagement and celebration of diverse perspectives, societies can chart a path towards a more equitable and harmonious future.

The parallels of food self-sufficiency and hunger in light of sustainable agriculture: A case of the BRICS countries

This paper critically examines the trajectory of agricultural development in the BRICS countries post-1947, particularly focusing on the epochal impact of the Green Revolution and its associated disruptions. By delving into the transformation of the agriculture of the BRICS countries, this study explores the ramifications of food sufficiency, sustainable agricultural practices, and the persistent issue of hunger within the countries. The analysis encompasses an evaluation of the Green Revolution's multifaceted effects on agricultural productivity, socio-economic dynamics, and environmental sustainability. In recent years, the international status of agriculture in the BRICS countries has been constantly improving. In 2022, the gross agricultural production of the BRICS countries accounted for more than 50% of the global volume. Further strengthening of the developing cooperation among the BRICS countries is of great importance for ensuring global food security. The researchers examined the agricultural sector of the BRICS countries and also identified the main problems characteristic of the agricultural sector of these countries. The solution to the complex of agricultural problems of the BRICS countries became possible thanks to the Green Revolution, which, however, had a negative impact on the environmental situation. It is hypothesized that sustainable agriculture and food sufficiency can reduce the negative impact on the environment but are not able to solve the problem of hunger shortly. The ranking of some BRICS countries in the Global Hunger Index is worrying, and cross-integration and national programs will only work if there is integration between sustainable agriculture, food sufficiency, and distribution.

Micronutrient Hunger or Hidden Hunger Among Infants and Young Children on Healthy Diets.

"Hidden Hunger" refers to micronutrient deficiencies that are not necessarily reflected in anthropometric measurements and thus remain hidden. It affects 2 billion people globally, and occurs among infants and young children on a "healthy diet," as perceived by family members. Hidden hunger is recognizable with a high index of suspicion and hence the term "micronutrient hunger" has been proposed. Its effects are significant and include physical and mental impairment, poor health, low productivity, morbidity, and mortality. Data reported in the Global Hunger Index and Global Hidden Hunger Index are eye-openers in this context. Maternal deficiencies, changing breastfeeding trends, suboptimum infant and young child feeding practices, and universal availability and popularization of junk food result in emerging and re-emerging nutritional disorders that need to be addressed urgently. Strategies for addressing micronutrient malnutrition include supplementation, fortification, and dietary diversification. These interventions have benefits but are limited by context and resources. In the Indian context, universal salt iodization is successful; however, iron and folic acid supplementation for several decades has not produced the desired results. A multisectoral approach advocated at national and international levels with cross-disciplinary support is recommended. An overview of these issues along with practical solutions are highlighted in this manuscript.

Notch sight review on use of antimicrobial nano preparations as immunity agro booster for production of diseased free Solanum tuberosum crop plant

Solanum tuberosum (potato plant) vegetable crop is used worldwide in various industries like food & beverage industries and pharmaceutical industries. Its potential improved agricultural production can be helpful to combat the global hunger index of many underdeveloped and developing countries. But production is getting hampered due to various reasons such as post-harvest losses, early ripening and moreover because of few bacterial and fungal diseases such Bacterial wilt, Septoria leaf spot, Late blight, Early blight, Common scab, Black scurf/ canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis. Currently there is a growing interest in the study of nano dispersions due to its bioavailability and biocompatibility that found to report which destabilized the lipid membrane of the pathogenic microbes due to their potent antimicrobial activity. As well as, their nano sized droplets will likely increase transport efficiency of any kind of loaded chemical or biological molecules to the targeted sites which also imparted antimicrobial resistance to crop plant especially potato plants. Managing the plant pathogenesis through various green and sustainable herbal nanopreparations can be observed satisfactory for the environmental concerns and cost effectiveness especially for autumn winter tomato which face the decrease in production either early flowing and fruiting period or post-harvest loss due to attack of fungal and bacterial pathogens.

РАЗВИТИЕ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА В ОТДЕЛЬНЫХ СТРАНАХ, НАХОДЯЩИХСЯ ПОД САНКЦИЯМИ

The world is increasingly using sanctions to achieve the economic and political goals of their initiators. They tend to target key sectors of the economy, including trade and finance. Sanctions are also applied to individuals and companies. At the same time, agriculture and food security are formally exempted from restrictions on humanitarian grounds, but are still negatively affected because they are an integral part of the economy. In many countries, the effects of sanctions are compounded by other factors of internal instability, such as military conflicts, natural disasters, and mismanagement. This article analyzes the dynamics of agricultural production, the use of production inputs and some indicators of food security in five countries under sanctions pressure (Iran, Syria, Venezuela, Cuba, and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea). The aim is to analyze the development of the agricultural sector in these countries under sanctions. It is found that sanctions are a severe blow to the economy, including agriculture, but do not affect regime change, which is the ultimate goal of their initiators. The impact of sanctions is amplified in the case of secondary sanctions and the creation of a broad coalition. Moreover, the simultaneous application of financial and trade sanctions has a more pronounced negative effect. In addition to internal instability, sanctions significantly raise the composite Global Hunger Index, increasing the level of undernourishment in a country and negatively affecting the availability and stability of food supplies, while also increasing import dependence and food prices. In all the countries analyzed, the combination of constraints has led to a decline in agricultural productivity and access to re- sources, which has reduced agricultural production. At the same time, the industry is demonstrat- ing its ability to adapt to prevailing conditions.

Conceptual triple E model for sustainable food security: A solution-based framework for hunger and malnutrition in Nigeria

Food insecurity, hunger, and malnutrition have been a global challenge, particularly among low- and middle-income countries, including Nigeria. Despite international donors’ interventions, the number of food insecure households, hunger, and malnutrition keep increasing, though exacerbated by the security challenges in Nigeria. Nigeria ranked 107th out of 113 countries on the Global Food Security Index (GFSI), and the level of hunger in Nigeria remains considerably serious, as Nigeria also ranks 109th out of 125 countries in the 2023 Global Hunger Index (GHI). Owing to these challenges, the Nigerian government has instituted policies and programmes to boost food production, yet the issue of food insecurity persists due to poor implementation. Failure of policies and programmes is principally due to the so-called NO-STEP syndrome-no sincerity or transparency in the execution of policies. Furthermore, there have not been structures that could provide a basis for the formulation of the policies and also evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of their implementation. Therefore, this study outlines a conceptual “Triple E (Evaluation, Education, and Empowerment) framework”. The goal is to strengthen rural agricultural activities for adequate food production, a sure pathway to achieving food security and hunger reduction. Furthermore, considering the increasing number of malnourished children in Nigeria, the Triple E also entails a novel initiative, SIT-250/4/1 (survey, identify, and treat 250 thousand malnourished under five children, every quarter per year), and if adopted by the Federal Government of Nigeria, it could help reduce significantly, in the shortest possible time, the number of malnourished children in Nigeria.

The potential of provitamin A maize ( Zea mays L.) biofortification in sub-Saharan Africa: Current status, opportunities, challenges and perspectives: A review

Abstract Maize is a potential crop for improving food and nutritional security for over 300 million people in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It is the most preferred cereal crop in SSA because of its diversified uses, taste and higher grain yield potential compared to other cereals. However, overdependence on maize-based diets without vitamin A supplementation is associated with the highest rates of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) in SSA. Vitamin A deficiency mostly affects children under the age of 5 years, pregnant and lactating women, accounting for the worst disease burden, and infant mortality in SSA. To date provitamin A maize breeding programmes of HarvestPlus partnered with CIMMYT and IITA, private seed companies and national plant breeding programmes developed at least 70 elite varieties to curb VAD in SSA. This review summarizes the potential of provitamin A maize in SSA focusing on (1) reasons why maize is a good choice for provitamin A biofortification, (2) the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in SSA, (3) the Global Hunger Index (GHI) and extent of hidden hunger, (4) possible interventions to curb vitamin A deficiency in SSA and their applicability, (5) status of the provitamin A maize varieties released, (6) level of adoption and consumer perception of provitamin A maize-based food, (7) the impact of climate change in maize productivity in SSA and (8) the breeding methods for developing provitamin A maize-resilient genotypes to mitigate the effects of climate change in SSA.

Is localization better than globalization for sustainability? Evidence from the nutraceuticals industry for managing malnutrition in India

The socioeconomic consequences of the worldwide burden of malnutrition are substantial, with long-term consequences for individuals, their families, and their countries. Despite being one of the world's greatest producers of various agricultural products, India has regularly performed poorly in the Global Hunger Index. The World Food Programme provides funds to deliver a nutraceutical product (Plumpy Nut) to malnourished children in Low- and Medium-Income Countries (LMIC). The cost of obtaining these items from the international market is high, and worldwide logistics contribute to pollution. Despite these efforts, there has been insufficient food to feed nearly 40% of malnourished children in India, owing to budget constraints. This research provides a linear programming model and the Augmented ε-Constraint Method for developing a sustainable nutraceutical network. The model examines whether localizing the availability of nutraceutical items, in comparison to global sourcing, might be a viable option for improved managing malnutrition in LMIC's. The findings illustrate that localization can lead to a significant reduction in both cost (50%) and greenhouse gas emissions (90%). In addition, localization leads to feeding increased number of malnourished children in the budget constraint environment. Localization can also lead to a reduction in lead time related to due import-related logistical delays. The study offers insights into various policy interventions for stakeholders such as the government, producers, malnourished children (consumers), and others, to reduce malnutrition, while contributing towards United Nations Sustainable Development Goals of Zero Hunger and Responsible Consumption-Production by 2030. We use a case study from India to validate the model.

Appraising the Obligations of the Nigerian State in Achieving Zero Hunger

Nigeria as a Nation-State is saddled with certain obligations to her citizens, some are justiciable and others are not. The Nigerian-State being a member of the United Nations adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in September, 2015. There are 17 SDGs and one of which is SDG-2, Zero hunger. The primary targets of SDG-2 are aimed to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture worldwide, by the year 2030. Nigeria has not fared well under the recently published Global Hunger Index scores as it falls under the group of States faced with serious hunger, despite its efforts in domesticating and implementing the SDGs, particularly, SDG-2 through various policy and institutional frameworks. This paper, inter alia appraises the obligations of the Nigerian-State to her citizens, the various policy and institutional frameworks domesticated in Nigeria in order to achieve zero hunger by the year 2030. Being a paper that is situated within the right to food paradigm, it adopts the doctrinal and analytical approach, relying on primary data like the 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and other conventions, secondary data like articles and opinions of jurists on the subject matter. It is the finding inter alia that it will be very difficult if not impossible for Nigeria to achieve zero hunger by the year 2030. The paper concludes inter alia that a well-coherent legal framework for right to food is vital in addressing the serious prevalence of hunger and looming food insecurity in Nigeria.

Gender Gap in Food Security and Nutrition: Special Case of India in the G20

The sustainability of food security and adequate nutrition is a global challenge. The G20 nations, representing two-thirds of the global population bear half of the world’s malnutrition burden in the form of either excessive or inadequate intake of nutrition. The general risks associated with food insecurity in terms of climate change, ecology and resource contraction vis-à-vis population are macro issues involving the global commons. This article which relates to the micro issue of the gender gap in household food security is based on public data and international indices on the status of food security and the gender gap. The study indicates the presence of a gender gap in nutrition for reasons more socio-cultural, than economic. The study is focused on G20 nations, especially India as it bears the largest burden of nutrition-related disease within the G20. Data from the Global Hunger Index and the Global Gender Gap Index of 2022 has portrayed India as a dismal performer despite the fact that India runs the largest public food security programme that has targeted nutrition programs for women beneficiaries. The present article identifies the common challenges faced by the G20 nations in the realm of food security and the steps taken for mitigation. The article also examines cooperation within G20 in realising the Sustainable Development Goals related to ending hunger and realising gender equity in food.

Global Hunger Index: A multistage coefficient estimation analysis using machine learning techniques for a hunger free society

The Global Hunger Index (GHI) is one of the most prominent indices for calculating and describing the severity of hunger level in various countries. Nutrition, mortality, and food supply are the basic parameters defining the hunger index value. Using a single method for coefficient estimation of hunger index parameters is not a viable option. It is necessary to design a new framework which can help us to explore more possibilities for coefficient estimation and for identifying the critical features as well. In this paper, we have proposed a new coefficient estimation technique called Multi-Stage Coefficient Estimation (MSCE) strategy that enhances the prediction rate. MSCE is an aggregation of multiple methods for generating the coefficient values of the associated features group. Decision Tree Regression, Random Forest regression, Logistic Regression (comprising of lbfgs, saga and sag problem solvers), Simple Regression and Multiple Regression coefficient computing methods are used in the proposed framework to estimate the coefficient values. The obtained coefficients were then used to build the max, avg and min regression equations for prediction. The introduced methodology is applied on the global hunger index data collected from the GHI repository. The results of the proposed MSCE methodology were compared with other popular approaches like Simple Linear Regression, and Multiple Linear Regression in terms of Mean Absolute Error, Mean Square Error, Root Mean Square Error, R- Squared and Adjusted R-Squared metrics. The proposed MSCE strategy achieved better results when compared with existing methods.

Risk Factors for Food Insecurity among Older Adults in India: Study Based on LASI, 2017-2018.

Food security is linked to the nutritional status and well-being of older adults. India is a rapidly aging nation that ranks highly on the 2022 Global Hunger Index. This paper examines the prevalence and risk factors of food insecurity in India's older population. We used data from the 2017-2018 Longitudinal Aging Study in India. The sample size was 31,532 adults aged 60 years and above. Food insecurity was measured using a four-item version of the Food Insecurity Experience scale. Multivariable logistic regressions using individual-level weights were implemented to assess the risk factors of food insecurity. The prevalence of food insecurity was 10.5% in the weighted sample. Sociodemographic factors were important in explaining food insecurity. Older adults who were male, younger, lowly educated, socially disadvantaged, in rural areas, and outside the Northern region were most vulnerable to food insecurity, controlling for various confounders. Additionally, low economic status, no occupational pension, currently working, social isolation, physical impairment, functional disabilities, poor self-rated health, and arthritis were associated with an increased risk of food insecurity. More active food assistance programs catering to older adults and a better provision of economic and social security are warranted to establish a food-secure environment for rapidly aging India.

Vigna subterranean (Bambara groundnut), a possible weapon in fighting the malnutrition war in the arid and sub-arid regions

The global effort in fighting the nutrition war seems to be witnessing a record setback owing to recent climatic changes, growing insecurity, COVID-19 disruptions etc. all resulting in a global rise in food prices. Parts of Africa and Asia have constantly ranked high in the Global Hunger Index (GHI) and are already associated with the poverty and malnutrition crisis. Women and children remain the worst victims of this crisis. Although Africa is a host to a number of locally sourced, nutritious food crops which have been used as food in the time past, these crops remain underutilized while Sub-Sahara Africa remains on the red list for malnutrition. Among these underutilized plants is Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean (L.) Verdc, synonym; Voandzeia subterranean (L.) Thouars. The seeds contain about 64.4% carbohydrate, 23.6% protein, 6.5% fat, 5.5% fiber and a lot of minerals as well as a number of secondary metabolites. In Africa, the nuts have been processed into various meals which are cheaper sources of protein with high acceptability. Bambara nuts, with such a rich nutritional content can be cultivated even in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world which are ravaged by malnutrition. Highlighting and promoting such cheaper, highly nutritious foods, can be a very effective weapon for dealing with the current malnutrition crisis in the world. With this, the global sustainable development goals #2 and #3, already grossly set back by COVID-19 and global insecurity etc., may still be attainable by the year 2030.

Prioritization of potential barriers to the implementation of solar drying techniques using MCDM tools: A case study and mapping in INDIA

In the present scenario, food security is one of the major concerns in the Indian context; engendered due to increased population and other associated anthropological activities. Despite high levels of food production, the current poor ranking of the country in the Global Hunger Index (GHI) has put an alarming trend for policy-makers as well as the contributors working towards food security improvement. The significant post-harvest losses in several durables and perishable food products affect society adversely. The use of solar dryers is one of the most efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable techniques for various food-processing and preservation applications; without any compromise with their morphological structure.Besides having the pre-eminent product quality along with several economic, environmental, and social impacts, the adoptability of solar dryers has not touched a benchmark; as per expectation due to various associated potential barriers. In this work, a systematic framework, utilizing the MCDM tools; has been suggested for the identification and prioritization of several barriers responsible for such a hampered adoption rate. The study comprises three major sections- (a) Identification and categorization of potential barriers, (b) Prioritization of identified barriers using DEMATEL scheme based priority weights, followed by (c) the sensitivity analysis to confirm the robustness of the proposed methodology. The findings suggested that political instability and interference have a significant impact on the adoptability of solar-thermal-based drying technology. Several potential recommendations for the removal of these barriers are also suggested to ensure the contribution towards the achievement of UN sustainable development goals.

Mean Temperature and Drought Projections in Central Africa: A Population-Based Study of Food Insecurity, Childhood Malnutrition and Mortality, and Infectious Disease.

The Central African Region is an agricultural and fishing-based economy, with 40% of the population living in rural communities. The negative impacts of climate change have caused economic/health-related adverse impacts and food insecurity. This original article aims to research four key themes: (i) acute food insecurity (AFI); (ii) childhood malnutrition and mortality; (iii) infectious disease burden; and (iv) drought and mean temperature projections throughout the twenty-first century. Food insecurity was mapped in Central Africa based on the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) for AFI. The global hunger index (GHI) was presented along with the proportion of children with undernourishment, stunting, wasting, and mortality. Data for infectious disease burden was computed by assessing the adjusted rate of change (AROC) of mortality due to diarrhea among children and the burden of death rates due to pneumonia across all age groups. Finally, the mean drought index was computed through the year 2100. This population-based study identifies high levels of hunger across a majority of the countries, with the mean drought index suggesting extreme ends of wet and dry days and an overall rise of 1-3 °C. This study is a source of evidence for stakeholders, policymakers, and the population residing in Central Africa.